双多普勒同步成像技术评价高血压患者不同左心室构型的左心室舒张功能

目的 探讨双多普勒同步成像技术评价高血压患者不同左心室构型左心室舒张功能的价值。方法 将179例高血压患者(高血压组)根据左心室心肌质量指数(LVMI)和相对室壁厚度(RWT)分为4亚组,即正常构型、向心重构型、离心肥厚型及向心肥厚型亚组;选取62名健康志愿者为对照组。随机选取73例患者,分别采用传统非同步模式和双多普勒同步模式测量相同参数,采用Bland-Altman法和组内相关系数(ICC)对两种模式行可重复性检验。采用双多普勒同步技术计算同一心动周期的二尖瓣口舒张早期峰值流速(E)和组织多普勒(TDI)二尖瓣环侧壁(L)二尖瓣环舒张早期峰值速度(e'')的比值[E/e''(L)];同步计算二尖瓣口E峰和TDI二尖瓣环室间隔(S)舒张早期峰值速度(e'')的比值[E/e''(S)];同步计算二尖瓣口E峰和舒张期二尖瓣口血流传播速度(Vp)的比值(E/Vp)。结果 高血压各亚组E/e''(S)、E/e''(L)、E/Vp均高于对照组(P均<0.05),向心肥厚亚组E/e''(S)、E/e''(L)、E/Vp分别高于正常构型亚组和向心重构亚组,余各组间比较差异无统计学意义,但正常构型亚组、向心重构亚组、离心肥厚亚组及向心肥厚亚组E/e''(S)、E/e''(L)、E/Vp均呈依次增高的趋势。Bland-Altman法显示双多普勒模式较非同步模式测量的E/e''(L)、E/e''(S)、E/Vp的可重复性更好,ICC值更高。结论 双多普勒同步成像技术较非同步模式重复性更好,可有效地评价高血压患者不同左心室构型的舒张功能受损情况。     

多普勒组织成像对高血压左心室肥厚患者左心室舒张功能的评价

目的 应用多普勒组织成像（DTI）技术评价高血压左心室肥厚患者左心室舒张功能，并与二尖瓣血流频谱作对比。方法 研究对象为35例临床与超声诊断的高血压左心室肥厚患者（高心组）和20例正常人（对照组）。采用心尖四腔观，选取室间隔中段，左室侧壁中段，二尖瓣环-室间隔交界处、二尖瓣环一侧壁交界处为取样点，分别显示各部位组织的运动情况，并测量心肌收缩峰速度（Vs）、心肌舒张早期峰值速度（Ve）、舒张晚期峰值速度（VA）及VE与VA比值（VE/VA）。常规测量二尖瓣血流频谱，与DTI参数作对比。结果 与对照组相比，高心组室间隔中段，侧壁中段、二尖瓣环VE、VE/VA均显著下降，各部位VE/VA均与二尖瓣血流频谱E/A之间存在高度相关性；DTI对高血压左心室肥厚患者左心室舒张功能异常的诊断灵敏度高于二尖瓣血流频谱。结论 DTI技术可以定量评价高血压左心室肥厚患者的左心室舒张功能，并且比常规脉冲波多普勒二尖瓣血流参数更加敏感。     

冠脉循环对左室舒张功能影响的研究

探讨心肌肥厚患者冠脉血流与左室舒张功能障碍各项指标的相关关系。方法采用经胸和经食管超声心动图技术,测量３０例心肌肥厚患者和１０例正常人冠状窦、二尖瓣及肺静脉血流频谱。结果与正常人相比,收肌肥厚患者冠状窦直径、前向血流和净前向血流流速积分明显增加,并且冠状窦前向血流和ＶＴＩｎｅｔ与左室舒张功能障碍的多项指标存在相关关系。     

Tei指数评价原发性高血压病患者左室舒张功能

目的探讨Tei指数评价原发性高血压病左室不同构型的舒张功能的临床价值。方法原发性高血压病患者115例,以Ganau分类法分为4组:正常构型组36例,向心性重构组36例,向心性肥厚组31例,离心性肥厚组12例;另选择体检健康者35例为对照组。应用M型超声测量左室的舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、后壁厚度(LVPWT)、室间隔厚度(IVST);改良Simpson法测量左室射血分数(LVEF);脉冲多普勒测量二尖瓣舒张早期血流峰值流速(E)、舒张晚期血流峰值流速(A)、E峰减速时间(EDT),计算E/A;测量肺静脉血流频谱收缩期肺静脉血流峰值(PVS)、舒张早期血流峰值(PVD),计算PVS/PVD,组织多普勒测量左室Tei指数。结果高血压病组左室舒张功能均减低。正常构型组、向心性重构组、向心性肥厚组E/A1,EDT延长;离心性肥厚组E/A1,其EDT较正常构型组、向心性重构组、向心性肥厚组缩短,收缩功能减低,LVEF与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);对照组、高血压病各组Tei指数依次增加,组间差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05);左室Tei指数与LVEF、A峰呈负相关,与IVST、LVPWT、LVEDD、RWT、LVMI、E峰、E/A呈正相关;Tei指数ROC曲线下面积为0.986,以Tei指数为0.425鉴别有无左室舒张功能不全的敏感性为97%,特异性为83%。结论 Tei指数与原发性高血压病患者左室不同构型具有良好的相关性,原发性高血压病早期Tei指数即发生改变,随舒张功能不全的加重而增高;Tei指数可作为评价鉴别二尖瓣血流"假性正常化"的参考指标之一。     

定量组织速度成像技术评价冠心病左心室局部心肌收缩与舒张功能的研究

目的探讨定量组织速度成像（QTVI）技术评价冠心病（CAD）患者左心室心肌收缩与舒张功能的价值。方法应用QTVI获取35例正常人和35例CAD患者左心室长轴方向不同室壁节段的心肌多普勒速度曲线,分析并比较收缩期峰值速度（Vs）、收缩期加速度（a）、快速充盈期和心房收缩期的速度（Ve和Va）、二尖瓣舒张期血流频谱E／A值、左心室射血分数（LVEF）、左心室质量指数（LVMI）、Vs／Ve、Va／Ve比值。结果CAD患者Vs、Ve、Va、a、Vs／Ve、LVEF均比正常人降低;CAD患者Vs的测值与临床NYHA分级有相关性（r=0．73）,Ve／Va与E／A有明显相关关系（r=0．74）。结论QTVI定量提供了一种较精确的评价CAD患者左心室局部心肌收缩舒张功能变化方法。     

Association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and left ventricular diastolic function assessed by echocardiography in patients with cardiovascular risk factors

High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) has been demonstrated to play a causal role in atherosclerosis and to predict cardiovascular events in the general population. On the other hand, left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction assessed by echocardiography can also predict cardiovascular events in patients with cardiovascular risk factors. However, there are few data regarding the relationships among hsCRP, LV hypertrophy, and diastolic function. We examined the relationships among hsCRP, LV hypertrophy, and diastolic function in 185 patients (65±11 years), who had no overt heart disease, but had cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Echocardiography was performed to measure the left ventricular mass index (LVMI) as a parameter of LV hypertrophy. LV diastolic function was assessed by the ratio (E/A) of early (E) and late (A) diastolic transmitral flows, early diastolic mitral annular velocity (E'), and the ratio (E/E') of E to E' using Doppler echocardiography. The hsCRP was correlated with LVMI (r=0.228, p=0.002), E' (r=-0.276, p<0.001), and E/E' (r=0.419, p<0.001). The E/E' as a parameter of LV diastolic function showed the closest correlation to hsCRP. These results indicate that elevated hsCRP reflects LV diastolic dysfunction rather than LV hypertrophy. We therefore suggest that hsCRP may be a marker of subclinical LV diastolic dysfunction in patients with cardiovascular risk factors.     

Correlation of arterial stiffness to left ventricular function in patients with reduced ejection fraction

Heart failure has been divided into heart failure with preserved left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) and heart failure with reduced EF, because the pathophysiologies of the two conditions are different. Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) is a new indicator of arterial stiffness, and the most conspicuous feature of CAVI is its independence of blood pressure at the time of measurement. Arterial stiffness has been considered to increase LV afterload, which requires special care to avoid the onset of heart failure. We compared the correlation of arterial stiffness as assessed by CAVI to LV function in 44 hypertensive patients with preserved EF (EF: 71 ± 7%) and 31 patients with reduced EF (48 ± 8%). All of patients with reduced EF had history of both hypertension and myocardial infarction. Using Doppler echocardiography, LV diastolic and systolic function was evaluated by measuring peak early diastolic mitral annular velocity (e') and global LV peak systolic longitudinal strain (GPSLS), respectively. In patients with preserved EF, CAVI was correlated with e' (r = -0.313, p = 0.038), but not with GPSLS (r = 0.207). By contrast, CAVI was correlated with GPSLS (r = 0.604, p < 0.001) as well as e' (r = -0.393, p = 0.029) in patients with reduced EF. Thus, patients with reduced EF showed a closer correlation of arterial stiffness to LV function compared with patients with preserved EF. Therefore, hypertensive patients with reduced EF require a stricter regimen for treating arterial stiffness than their counterparts with preserved EF.     

原发性高血压向心性重塑患者左心构型和功能的变化

目的探讨原发性高血压向心性重塑患者左房、左室几何形状和左室功能变化情况。方法对274例男性原发性高血压向心性重塑患者和146例对照者进行超声心动图检查，测量室间隔厚度(IVST)，左室后壁厚度(PWT)，左室长径(LVL)、舒张末期内径(LVIDd)和内外径(LVID)，左房前后径、内外径、上下径和面积，左室舒张末期容积、收缩末期容积、每搏量及射血分数(EF)，左室舒张早期二尖瓣峰值血流速度(E)和舒张晚期二尖瓣峰值血流速度(A)，计算左室平均横径(LVMD)及E／A值。组间比较行t检验。结果向心性重塑组IVST、PWT、IVST／PWT及左房各径线和面积均大于对照组。向心性重塑组LVIDd和LVID分别短于和长于对照组，LVMD／LVL小于对照组。两组间EF差异无显著性意义。向心性重塑组E／A值小于对照组。结论高血压向心性重塑患者左室质量虽在正常范围，但室壁增厚，心腔变长，左室舒张功能受损，收缩功能保持良好。     

高血压病左心功能相关性的超声研究

目的 探讨高血压病左心房与左心室功能的相关关系。方法 对照组20例，高血压病左心室心肌质量指数(LVMI)正常组32例，高血压病左心室肥厚组16例，采用声学定量技术，测量左心房助力泵功能(LAEF、AE)、管道功能(CV)和储存器功能(RV)以及左心室舒张功能。结果 左心房助力泵功能与其主动收缩前容量、RV正相关，与CV及左心室舒张功能负相关；左心房管道功能与AE、LAEF、RV和左心房主动收缩前容量显著负相关，与左心室舒张功能正相关；左心房储存器功能与左心房主动收缩前容量、LAEF正相关，与CV负相关，与左心室舒张功能指标无显著相关。结论 高血压病左心室舒张功能减退导致左心房管道功能减低、肺静脉与左心房间压差增大、左心房储存器功能增强、左心室舒张早期充盈增加，而管道功能与储存器功能的改变导致左心房前负荷增加和左心房收缩能力增强、左心房助力泵功能增强、左心室舒张晚期充盈增加。     

Differences in left ventricular hypertrophy and dysfunction between patients with cerebral hemorrhage and those with cerebral infarction

Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and dysfunction due to hypertension have been established as risk markers for stroke in hypertensive patients. The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in LV hypertrophy and dysfunction between patients with cerebral hemorrhage and those with cerebral infarction. The study enrolled 23 hypertensive patients with cerebral infarction, 25 hypertensive patients with cerebral hemorrhage, and 24 normotensive controls (controls). Standard echocardiography was performed; LV mass index was measured to evaluate LV hypertrophy, and conventional diastolic transmitral flow velocities were measured to assess LV diastolic function, which was also evaluated by measuring mitral annular velocities using tissue Doppler echocardiography. The Tei index, which reflects both the diastolic and systolic function of LV, was also calculated. The LV mass index and Tei index were significantly higher in cerebral hemorrhage (116 +/- 38 g/m(2) and 0.57 +/- 0.13) than those in controls (92 +/- 20 g/m(2) and 0.46 +/- 0.10) (p < 0.05). In contrast, the LV mass index and Tei index in cerebral infarction (100 +/- 27 g/m(2) and 0.46 +/- 0.12) were not different from those in controls. Thus, the Tei index was significantly worse in the patients with cerebral hemorrhage than in those with cerebral infarction (p < 0.05). On the other hand, the parameters, which reflect diastolic function, showed no significant differences between cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction. These results indicate that LV hypertrophy and dysfunction due to hypertension are more apparent in patients with cerebral hemorrhage than in those with cerebral infarction.     

Pulse blood pressure (according to 24-hour monitoring) and left ventricular myocardial structural changes in patients with hypertensive disease

AIM: To study a relationship of the magnitude of structural changes in the left ventricle (LV) to the mean daily pulse blood pressure (PBP) in patients with hypertensive disease (HD). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 70 male patients (mean age 49 +/- 1 years) with stages I (n = 54) to 11 (n = 16) HD. LV mass (LVM) was estimated by echocardiography according to the formula derived by R. B. Devereux et al. and normalized to body surface area [the LVM index (LVMI)]. The relative thickness index (RTI) for the posterior wall (PWRTI) and ventricular septum (VSRTI) was calculated as a ratio of the sum of PWRTI and VSRTI to the LV end-diastolic size. LVMI > 125 g/m2 was considered to be a criterion for LV hypertrophy (LVH). 24-hour blood pressure (BP) monitoring was performed with a Spacelabs-90207 device (USA). According to the 24-hour PBP value, the patients were divided into 2 groups: 1) those (n = 17) having PBP24 > 53 mm HG and 2) those (n = 53) having PBP24 < 53 mm Hg. RESULTS: Group 1 patients were found to have significantly higher LVMI, LV WRTI, and incidence of LVH and a complex of changes in the BP profile as higher values of 24-hour systolic, diastolic and mean BP, PBP, and BP variations. Multiple regression analysis revealed a highly significant contribution of PBP24 to the development of LVH. CONCLUSION: The pedictive value of PBP as an index that characterizes a dynamic pressure load in regard to LV structural changes is higher than that of mean BP as a static load index and a BP variation index.     

原发性高血压合并左心室肥厚患者血清sRAGE、MLT水平及其临床意义研究

目的探讨原发性高血压合并左心室肥厚(LVH)患者血清可溶性糖基化终产物受体(sRAGE)、褪黑素(MLT)水平及其临床意义。方法选择96例原发性高血压合并LVH患者(LVH组)和104例原发性高血压未合并LVH患者(NLVH组),检测血清sRAGE、MLT水平,并进行超声心动图检查。结果LVH组血清sRAGE、MLT水平低于NLVH组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关性分析结果显示,LVH组血清sRAGE、MLT水平与左心房内径(LAD)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左心室后壁厚度(LVPWT)、室间隔厚度(IVST)、左心室质量指数(LVMI)、左心室Tei指数呈负相关(P<0.05),与心室短轴缩短率(LVFS)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室舒张早期充盈峰最大充盈速度/舒张晚期充盈峰最大峰值速度(A/E值)呈正相关(P<0.05)。Logistic二元逐步回归分析结果显示,高收缩压、高LVMI、低sRAGE、低MLT是原发性高血压患者发生LVH的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论血清sRAGE、MLT水平降低可能与原发性高血压患者合并LVH的发生、左心室重构、左心功能下降有关。     

The mitral L wave: a marker of pseudonormal filling and predictor of heart failure in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy.

OBJECTIVES: We sought to examine the relationship of the mitral L wave with echocardiographic indexes of diastolic function and heart failure (HF) events in patients with left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (LVH). BACKGROUND: The L wave, representing middiastolic transmitral flow, is of unknown clinical and prognostic significance in patients with LVH. Methods Consecutive echocardiograms performed during a 6-month period were screened for patients with LVH, normal LV ejection fraction, in sinus rhythm, and no significant valvular disease. Clinical and echocardiographic characteristics were analyzed, and patients were followed up for incident HF. RESULTS: Of 177 patients, the L wave was present in 35 (20%) (group I) and absent in 142 (group II). Patients in group I had higher early (E) to late (A) transmitral flow velocity (E/A) ratio (1.2 vs 0.8), shorter mitral E wave deceleration time (201 vs 225 milliseconds), lower pulmonary venous systolic/diastolic velocity ratio (1.1 vs 1.6), shorter LV isovolumic relaxation time (83 vs 94 milliseconds), larger left atrial volume (36 vs 23 mL/m 2 ), and higher E to early mitral annular velocity (E/E') ratio (septal E/E', 12.2 vs 9.1; lateral annular E/E', 10.9 vs 7.8) compared with group II (all P < .05). The difference between pulmonary venous atrial reversal and mitral A wave durations was > or = 30 milliseconds in more patients of group I (70% vs 6%, P < .001). During a mean follow-up of 12.0 months, 11 patients were hospitalized for HF. The L wave was associated with a hazard ratio of 4.7 ( P = .011) for incident HF, and remained a significant predictor (hazard ratio 4.2, P = .026) after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with LVH, the mitral L wave appears to be a marker of pseudonormal LV filling and predictor of future HF events.     

Factors influencing left ventricular diastolic function in elderly patients with chronic heart failure

The purpose of the study was to define factors influencing the diastolic left ventricular (LV) function in elderly patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Ninety-seven I to IV functional class CHF patients aged 65 to 88 (mean age 76.6+/-5.1 yr), 61 women and 36 men, were examined. CHF was caused by coronary artery disease in 22 (22.7%) patients, by arterial hypertension in 14 (14.4%) patients, and by both in 61 (62.9%) patients. Fourteen (14.4%) patients had type 2 diabetes. Hemoglobin level lower than 130g/l in men or 120g/l in women was considered anemia. Glomerular filtration speed (GFS) was calculated using Cockcroft-Gault formula. EchoCG and Doppler EchoCG were performed in all patients. LV hypertrophy (LVH) was revealed in 90 (92%) of the patients; 52patients had concentric L VH and 38 patients had eccentric LVH. Ejection fraction was less than 45% in 17 (17.5%) patients. Isovolemic relaxation time (IVRT) was over the normal limit in 73 (75.3%) patients; the time of early diastolic flow slowing (DT) changed in different directions and was 211.2+/-55.6 msec. A type of transmitral blood flow with relaxation disorder was found in 58 (59.8%) patients, a pseudonormal type was revealed in 32 (33%), and a restrictive type was found in 7 (7.2%) of patients. The study found a reverse independent correlation between hemoglobin level and the speed of LV filling during atrial systole. An independent correlation between the degree of renal dysfunction (GFS) and disorder of LV relaxation was found: the lower GFS, the longer IVRT and DT. Thus, in addition to age and structural changes in the heart, factors that have adverse effects on diastolic filling parameters are anemia, lowered renal function, and the level of systolic and diastolic pressure.     

高血压左室肥厚患者T波峰-末间期的改变

目的:探讨高血压左室肥厚(LVH)患者T波峰-末间期(TpTe间期)的改变及其临床意义.方法:随机抽取原发性高血压(EH)患者313例,依据超声心动图(UCG)测定的左室重量指数(LVMI)分为LVH组和非LVH (NLVH)组.比较LVH组和NLVH组TpTe间期、TpTec、QT间期、QTc、QRS时限、LVMI、LVD、IVS、LVPW的改变及EH左室不同构型TpTe间期改变的特点.结果:(1) LVH组较NLVH组TpTe间期、TpTec、QTc、QRS时限延长(P＜ 0.05 ～ 0.01),LVMI、LVD、IVS、LVPW增大(P＜0.01),QT间期延长,但差别不显著(P＞ 0.05);(2) TpTe间期值在不同左室构型间的改变为:离心型肥厚＞向心性肥厚＞向心性重构＞正常组,后两组差别不显著(P＞0.05).结论:TpTe间期可作为检测EH患者左心室肥厚靶器官损害及预测心脏事件的新指标.     

定量组织速度成像及应变率成像对高血压病患者左室舒张功能的研究

目的:探讨二尖瓣环舒张早期峰值速度及应变率与舒张晚期峰值速度及应变率评价左室舒张功能的价值。方法:取心尖四腔心切面,获取44例高血压病患者及20例正常人的二尖瓣前后叶瓣环的组织速度曲线和应变率曲线,分别测量舒张期峰值速度(Ve、Va)及舒张期峰值应变率(e、a);计算前后瓣环的平均峰值速度(EVe、EVa)及比率(EVe?蛐EVa);平均峰值应变率(Ee、Ea)及比率(Ee/Ea)。用血流多普勒法测定二尖瓣口血流峰值速度(E、A)及比率(E/A),并进行比较。结果:与对照组相比,高血压病患者EVe,EVe/EVa和Ee,Ee/Ea明显降低,且高血压肥厚组(LVH组)比非肥厚组(non-LVH组)降低更甚,EVa则明显升高,Ee/Ea比率与EVe/EVa比率呈高度显著相关(rs’=0.890,P<0.001),二者对左室舒张功能异常的检出率明显高于E/A比率(P<0.001)。结论:QTVI及SRI能便捷准确地定量高血压病患者二尖瓣环舒张期运动速度及应变率,揭示左心室舒张功能的改变,有助于舒张功能受损程度的判断,优于传统的血流多普勒法,为又一无创检测左室舒张功能的新方法。     

The Effects of Amlodipine on Left Ventricular Mass and Diastolic Function in Concentric and Eccentric Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

BACKGROUND: The effects of the antihypertensive therapy with amlodipine (5-10 mg/day) on left ventricular mass and diastolic function were examined in 30 mild to moderate essential hypertensive patients who have left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and diastolic dysfunction. METHODS AND RESULTS: Each patient's left ventricular mass was measured, and left ventricular diastolic function was assessed by echocardiographic Doppler examination at entry, and at 3 and 6 months after the initiation of the treatment. Amlodipine reduced both blood pressure (from 164 +/- 14/104 +/- 6 mmHg to 134 +/- 9/83 +/- 4 mmHg) and left ventricular mass index (from 160 +/- 30 g/m(2) to 137 +/- 26 g/m(2)) significantly at 3 months and both parameters maintained at these levels for 6 months. When the patients were classified according to the type of the LVH, a significant regression in left ventricular mass index was seen only in the patients who had concentric LVH was a relative wall thickness >/=0.44 (n = 16), but not in the eccentric LVH group (n = 14), although both groups were not significantly different from each other regarding the basal hemodynamic parameters, baseline left ventricular mass index and the decrease in blood pressure in response to amlodipine treatment. The mitral inflow E/A ratio did not show any significant change in either group. CONCLUSIONS: Amlodipine produced significant regression in LVH only in the patients with concentric LVH, but not those with eccentric LVH, while it did not change the diastolic dysfunction. Therefore, the type of LVH seems to be an important feature in determining the effects of antihypertensive treatment on left ventricular mass index.     

实时三维超声心动图评估左室射血分数正常的老年高血压患者左心房容积与功能

目的应用实时三维超声心动图(RT-3DE)评估左室射血分数正常的老年高血压患者左心房容积与功能的变化。方法 79例老年原发性高血压患者,其中左室肥厚(LVH)组38例,非左室肥厚(NLVH)组41例,正常对照组28例。常规超声心动图测量左心房径(LAD)、二尖瓣口舒张早期血流速度(E)、舒张晚期血流速度(A),计算E/A值。脉冲组织多普勒测定室间隔二尖瓣环处舒张早期峰值速度(E'),舒张晚期峰值速度(A'),计算E/E'。RT-3DE技术测量左心房最大容积(LAVmax)、左心房最小容积(LAVmin)、左房收缩前容积(LAVp),计算左房被动射血分数(LAPEF)、左房主动射血分数(LAAEF)。比较3组间各项检测指标的变化。结果与对照组比较,高血压NLVH组和LVH组的E/E'、LAVmax、LAVp、LAAEF均显著增加(P0.05);高血压LVH组的LAD、LAVmin显著增加,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),E/A及LAPEF均显著减低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论实时三维超声技术可以评价高血压患者的左心房容积及功能,高血压患者左心房功能障碍在左室肥厚前即已发生,而LVH患者左心房功能及左室舒张功能障碍更为严重。     

高血压病左室心肌重构与颈动脉重构的相关性

目的探讨原发性高血压病左室心肌重构与颈动脉重构的相关性.方法63例原发性高血压患者(EH)和22例对照者行心脏及颈动脉超声检查,分别测量左室质量指数(LVMI)、颈总动脉干内-中膜厚度(CCA-IMT)、分叉处内-中膜厚度(BIMT)、斑块以及两侧颈总动脉、颈内动脉的血流动力学参数,EH组中,又分为LVMI正常组和LVMI增高组.结果EH组CCA-IMT和BIMT高于对照组,其中LVMI增高组最高.EH组颈动脉收缩期峰值流速(PSV)、舒张末期流速(EDV)降低,PSV/EDV、阻力指数(RI)和搏动指数(PI)增高.斑块检出率及严重程度在LVMI增高组最高,LVMI正常组次之,两者均明显高于正常对照组.LVMI与IMT、BIMT、PI、RI呈正相关,与PSV、EDV呈负相关.结论高血压病颈动脉重构的发生早于左室心肌重构,且两者密切相关.     

Prevalence of and risk factors for abnormal left ventricular geometrical patterns in hypertensive subjects administered irbesartan

BackgroundDistinct populations differ in LVH prevalence and impaired LV geometry. Currently, the prevalence of and risk factors for LV geometric patterns in Chinese hypertensives administered irbesartan have not been specifically addressed in large studies.MethodsTotally 10,883 patients (6623 men and 4260 women) completed the survey, including 1181 hypertensives administered irbesartan (488 males and 693 females) that were finally enrolled. Based on LVMI and RWT derived from comprehensive echocardiography, the LV geometric patterns of irbesartan‐treated hypertensive individuals were classified into four types, including the normal, concentric remodeling, and concentric and eccentric hypertrophy groups. Logistic regression analysis was applied in males and females, respectively, for determining odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for various potential risk factors for abnormal LV geometrical patterns in irbesartan‐treated hypertensives.ResultsThe clinical and echocardiographic data differed significantly between males and females. The prevalence rates of concentric remodeling, concentric hypertrophy, and eccentric hypertrophy were 36.3%, 15.4%, and 6.1% in males, respectively, and 23.5%, 20.3%, and 23.8% in females, accordingly. Gender, daily dose of irbesartan, BMI, SBP, WtHR, and neck‐circumference were significantly associated with LV geometric patterns. After adjustment for confounding factors, risk factors for LVH and impaired LV geometry included SBP, WtHR in males, and MAU‐Cr and WtHR in females.ConclusionsLVH and impaired LV geometric patterns are more prevalent in females (67.7%) compared with that in males (57.8%) among hypertensives upon irbesartan administration. For such population, risk factors beyond elevated blood pressure may be involved in the progression of LVH and impaired LV geometric patterns in both genders.