Predictors of success during the coasting period in high-responder patients undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation for assisted conception

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prognostic factors analyzed during the coasting period that can be used to predict outcomes of IVF cycles. DESIGN: Retrospective review of data from a single center. SETTING: Referral private IVF center. PATIENT(S): Three hundred forty-six patients who were coasted for the prevention of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and 262 patients who were not coasted but having excessive E(2) levels during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for assisted conception. INTERVENTION(S): Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, oocyte retrieval, intracytoplasmic sperm injection, and embryo transfer. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Number of total oocytes retrieved, oocyte maturity, fertilization, implantation and pregnancy rates (IR and PR, respectively), and incidence of severe OHSS. RESULT(S): No difference was found between early onset coasted patients, late onset coasted patients, and uncoasted patients in terms of fertilization rates, IR, PR, and incidence of severe OHSS. Fertilization and PR did not correlate significantly with decreases in E(2) level during the coasting period. Implantation rates and PR in patients who were coasted > or =4 days were significantly reduced compared with patients who were coasted for 1-3 days. In logistic regression model, the decrease in PR with prolonged coasting was found to be significant; however, there was no correlation between decreased PR and the decrease in E(2) levels during the coasting period. CONCLUSION(S): Coasting can be applied safely to controlled hyperstimulation cycles without compromising the outcome. The duration of coasting seems to be a prognostic factor for the outcome of IVF. The criteria for initiation of coasting should be based on clinical experience and assessment of the patient.     

黄体期促排卵方案在卵巢低反应患者中的初步研究

目的:探索黄体期促排卵方案在卵巢低反应患者中应用的可行性及其初步效果。方法:分析77例接受黄体期促排卵的不孕症患者的卵泡期和黄体期促排卵时血清激素水平及获卵数、胚胎情况和助孕结局。结果:经过卵泡期和黄体期2次取卵,77例均有取卵机会,且获得卵子的患者数和有胚胎冻存的患者数均比仅接受卵泡期取卵的患者数显著增加(P0.001和P0.05);卵泡期与黄体期扳机日内分泌水平亦有统计学差异(P0.001),黄体期促排卵周期的回收卵子数、冷冻胚胎数均显著多于卵泡期(P0.001);已接受了冻融胚胎移植(FET)的34例患者中20例获得了临床妊娠。结论:在卵巢低反应患者中实施黄体期促排卵取卵是可行的,可以增加获卵数及获得胚胎的机会,从而为提高妊娠率提供可能。     

The optimal length of 'coasting protocol' in women at risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome undergoing in vitro fertilization

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a serious and potentially life-threatening complication following ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization (IVF). Coasting is the practice whereby the gonadotrophins are withheld and the administration of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) is delayed until serum oestradiol (E2) has decreased to what is considered to be a safe level, to prevent the onset of OHSS. This study aimed to assess the length of coasting on the reproductive outcome in women at risk of developing OHSS. Coasting was undertaken when the serum E2 concentrations were > or = 17000 pmol/L but < 21000 pmol/L. Daily E2 measurements were performed and hCG was administered when hormone levels decreased to < 17000 pmol/L. Eighty-one women who had their stimulation cycles coasted were grouped according to the number of coasting days. Severe OHSS occurred in one case, which represented 1.2% of patients who underwent coasting because of an increased risk of developing the syndrome. No difference was found between cycles coasted for 1 - 3 days and cycles coasted for > or = 4 days in terms of oocyte maturity, fertilization and embryo cleavage rates. Women in whom coasting lasted for > or = 4 days had significantly fewer oocytes retrieved (P < 0.05) and decreased implantation rate (P < 0.05) compared to those coasted for 1 - 3 days. Pregnancy rate/embryo transfer and live birth rate did not differ between groups. In conclusion, coasting appears to decrease the risk of OHSS without compromising the IVF cycle pregnancy outcome. Prolonged coasting is, however, associated with reduced implantation rates, perhaps due to the deleterious effects on the endometrium rather than the oocytes.     

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI): the Białystok experience

OBJECTIVE: To present a complete results of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Program (ICSI) performed at IVF Unit in Bialystok, Poland. DESIGN: Retrospective data analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 2593 cycles of ICSI treatment were analyzed. The results of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH), parameters of fertilization, early embryo development and clinical pregnancy rates were compared depending on the type of COH used. RESULTS: Overall, for 16708 MII oocytes microinjected, the 2 pronuclear fertilization rate was 54%. Embryo transfer was performed in 94% of started cycles and 629 clinical pregnancies were recorded, giving a clinical pregnancy rate of 24% per cycle and 26% per transfer. No influence of COH on embryological and clinical results was noted. CONCLUSION: Intracytoplasmic sperm injection can be used successfully to treat couples with male factor infertility and those who have failed standard IVF. Precisely adapted protocol of ovarian hyperstimulation for every patient could diminish the costs of treatment without negative influence on ICSI results.     

超排卵周期未成熟卵体外培养的研究

目的:研究来源于超排卵周期中的未成熟卵在拆除卵丘细胞后进行体外成熟培养(IVM)的成熟、受精及胚胎发育能力,探讨IVM技术的临床应用。方法:选取46名体外受精/卵胞浆内单精子显微注射-胚胎移植(IVF/ICSI-ET)患者为研究对象,比较MI和GV期不成熟卵的体外成熟情况,并比较体内成熟卵和体外成熟卵进行ICSI后的正常受精、异常受精、卵裂和优质胚胎形成情况。结果:体外培养中69.8%的MI期卵和77.2%的GV期卵均在24小时内达到成熟,其24小时和48小时的成熟率、总成熟率均无明显差异(P>0.05)。体外成熟卵与体内成熟卵相比较,正常受精率、异常受精率和卵裂率均无明显差异(P>0.05),优质胚胎形成率较低,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:常规超排卵周期中的未成熟卵在拆除卵丘细胞后能够继续体外发育成熟,具有与体内成熟卵相似的ICSI受精、卵裂能力。虽然优质胚胎的形成率低于体内成熟卵,但增加了可移植胚胎和冷冻胚胎数量,提高了助孕成功率。     

Low-dose aspirin treatment improves ovarian responsiveness, uterine and ovarian blood flow velocity, implantation, and pregnancy rates in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization: a prospective, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled assay

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of low-dose aspirin on ovarian response, uterine and ovarian blood flow velocity, and implantation and pregnancy rates in patients undergoing IVF. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled assay. SETTING: Department of Reproductive Medicine, CER Medical Institute, Buenos Aires, Argentina. PATIENT(S): Two hundred ninety-eight infertile patients (mean [+/- SDI age, 35.6+/-4.09 years) undergoing IVF cycles. INTERVENTION(S): In the treatment group, 149 patients underwent controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and received a daily dose of 100 mg of aspirin. In the control group, 149 patients underwent controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in association with placebo. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Number of follicles, number of oocytes retrieved, serum E2 levels, uterine and ovarian pulsatility index, cancellation rate, number of embryos transferred, and implantation and pregnancy rates. RESULT(S): There were statistically significant differences between the treatment group and the control group, respectively, in the number of follicles (19.8+/-7.2 versus 10.2+/-5.3), number of oocytes retrieved (16.2+/-6.7 versus 8.6+/-4.6), serum E2 levels (2,923.8+/-1,023.4 versus 1,614.3+/-791.7 pg/mL), uterine pulsatility index (1.22+/-0.34 versus 1.96+/-0.58), ovarian pulsatility index (1.18+/-0.31 versus 1.99+/-0.56), pregnancy rate (45% versus 28%), and implantation rate (17.8% versus 9.2%). CONCLUSION(S): Low-dose aspirin treatment significantly improves ovarian responsiveness, uterine and ovarian blood flow velocity, and implantation and pregnancy rates in IVF patients.     

Impact of metformin therapy on ovarian stimulation and outcome in 'coasted' patients with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing in-vitro fertilization

This study was designed to determine if metformin therapy improves ovarian stimulation and IVF outcomes in coasted patients with clomiphene-resistant polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). A retrospective data analysis was performed on women with clomiphene citrate-resistant PCOS treated with or without metformin, who underwent 72 cycles of IVF-embryo transfer with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). In 59 cycles, patients were coasted to allow oestradiol concentrations to drop before human chorionic gonadotrophin administration. In patients undergoing coasting, the outcome of IVF with ICSI was compared in those who were treated and untreated. In patients treated with metformin, follicular fluid concentrations of testosterone and insulin were significantly lower (60.5 +/- 5 versus 79.1 +/- 6 ng/dl; P < 0.05 and 18 +/- 2.5 versus 22 +/- 2.4 micro IU/ml; P < 0.05 respectively), and the mean number of oocytes retrieved (22.3 +/- 2.4 versus 19.7 +/- 1.6) did not differ. The metformin-treated group showed an increase in the mean number of mature oocytes, oocytes fertilized and cleaving embryos (4-cell or greater by 72 h). However, in the group of patients undergoing coasting, maximum oestradiol concentrations and number of days of coasting were all lower in the metformin-treated group with increased clinical pregnancy rates (71 versus 30%, P < 0.05). Therefore, metformin use appears beneficial in improving IVF outcomes in clomiphene citrate-resistant PCOS patients.     

Prolonged desensitization pretreatment for in vitro fertilization in women with polycystic ovary

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in women with severe polycystic ovary disease (PCD), stimulated after prolonged pituitary desensitization in comparison with regular long protocol therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The results of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH), fertilization rate, early embryo development parameters and clinical pregnancy rates were compared depending on the duration of pituitary desensitization before gonadotropin administration. A total of 60 patients with severe PCOD were desensitized with GnRH agonist up to 30 days before COH. The results were compared with the group of 213 patients with mild PCOD treated with regular long protocol (control). RESULTS: We observed a slightly higher rate of mature oocytes MII as well as the number of embryos obtained in the control group, however the pregnancy rate in the group with prolonged desensitization was significantly higher (50%) in comparison to the control group (33.8%). CONCLUSION: The prolonged pituitary desensitization before controlled ovarian hyperstimulation gives better chance for obtaining pregnancy in patients with severe PCOD. It could be recommended facing previous treatment failure.     

Efficacy of recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone in improving oocyte quality in assisted reproductive techniques

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the efficacy of recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone (rFSH) versus highly purified urinary human FSH (uFSH) in women undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) for in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). STUDY DESIGN: This prospective, randomized, quality of retrieved double-blind study compared uFSH with rFSH in IVF-ET rFSh cycles. A total of 254 cycles from 241 patients who attended the infertility clinic at Samsung Cheil Hospital from January to August 2001 were included in the study. With pituitary desensitization using gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist and a short protocol, rFSH was administered in 131 cycles; uFSH was administered in 123 cycles. We analyzed ovarian response, oocyte quality, fertilization rate, embryo quality, pregnancy rate and live birth rate in the uFSH and rFSH groups. RESULTS: Total FSH dosage (1322.3 +/- 526.2 vs. 2124.4 +/- 881.9 i.u.) and dosage per retrieved oocyte (90.6 +/- 36.0 vs. 138.0 +/- 57.2 i.u.) were significantly lower in the rFSH group than those in the uFSH group (P < .001). The proportion of good-quality oocytes (grade 1 and 2) was higher in the rFSH group (68.2% vs. 64.8%, P = .024). Moreover, the proportion of atretic oocytes (grade 5) was lower in the rFSH group (7.5% vs. 10.3%, P = .002). The fertilization rate, quality of transferred embryos, clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate were not significantly differ between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION: In women undergoing COH, rFSH revealed more efficient ovarian response and better quality of oocytes than did uFSH.     

体外受精失败后补行卵胞浆内单精子注射的临床价值探讨

目的:探讨卵胞浆内单精子注射(ICSI)在体外受精完全失败或受精率低于25%的常规IVF周期中的临床价值。方法:回顾分析2001.01-2004.12在我院生殖医学中心接受常规IVF治疗的35例非男性因素不育患者,取卵后体外受精培养16-18h,发现卵母细胞完全未受精或受精率低于25%,立即行ICSI再授精。结果:在24个常规IVF低于25%的周期中,共有197个未受精卵,其中159个MⅡ期卵,显微注射159个,受精123个,最终形成胚胎96个,受精率为77.4%,卵裂率为78.1%,在22个新鲜移植周期(每周期的移植胚胎由来源于常规体外受精卵和补救ICSI后受精卵的胚胎组成),共有4例临床妊娠;在8个冷冻移植周期中(每周期的移植胚胎完全来源于补救ICSI后的受精卵),有1例临床妊娠。在11个常规IVF完全失败周期中,共有89个未受精卵,其中78个MⅡ期卵,显微注射78个,受精63个,卵裂51个,受精率为80.7%,卵裂率为80.9%,在10个新鲜移植周期(每周期的移植胚胎完全来源于补救ICSI后的受精卵)中共有2例临床妊娠;在2个冷冻移植周期(每周期的移植胚胎完全来源于补救ICSI后的受精卵)中有1例单胎妊娠,妊娠早期流产。胚胎来源于常规体外受精卵和补救ICSI后受精卵的移植周期临床妊娠率为18%;胚胎完全来源于补行ICSI后受精卵的移植周期临床妊娠率为20%。结论:ICSI可作为常规IVF失败后的有效补救措施。     

Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation does not adversely affect endometrial receptivity in in vitro fertilization cycles

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether exposure of developing endometrium to supraphysiologic E2 levels during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) in IVF cycles inhibits endometrial receptivity. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of IVF-ET and ovum donation data. SETTING: Tertiary-care teaching hospital. PATIENT(S): Four hundred ten patients <33 years of age undergoing IVF-ET and 181 anonymous ovum donors (<33 years of age) and their associated ovum recipients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Implantation, pregnancy, and delivery rates. RESULT(S): Ovarian response to COH (duration of stimulation, peak E2 level, area under the curve for E2 exposure, and number of oocytes retrieved) was similar for IVF-ET patients and ovum donors. Donors were younger than IVF-ET patients (mean age, 27.5 +/- 0.2 years vs. 30.4 +/- 0.1 years). A similar number of embryos with similar number of blastomeres were transferred in IVF-ET patients and ovum recipients. The fragmentation rate at time of transfer differed slightly between groups (5.2 +/- 0.2% vs. 4.3 +/- 0.3%). Implantation, pregnancy, and delivery rates did not differ between IVF-ET patients and recipients of donor oocytes. CONCLUSION(S): Exposure of the developing endometrium to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation during IVF cycles does not inhibit embryo implantation or affect pregnancy and delivery rates.     

适当延后促排卵启动时间有利于IVF-ET结局

目的:探讨不同促排卵(COH)启动时间对IVF-ET结局的影响。方法:回顾性分析845个IVF-ET周期结局。分别比较过度抑制组(A组)及非过度抑制组(B组)中d3-5启动(亚组1)和d6-8启动(亚组2)的临床结局。同时比较GnRH-a降调后常规d3COH启动病例(C组)中,出现垂体过度抑制与未出现过度抑制组的临床结局。结果:C组中垂体过度抑制者与非过度抑制者相比,Gn用量、Gn刺激天数增加,获卵数、优质胚胎数、胚胎种植率、持续妊娠率低(P<0.05)。hCG注射日E2、LH下降(P<0.01)。而A组与B组的比较中均得出同样的结论:d6-8启动比d3-5启动获得更多的直径>14mm的卵泡数及获卵数,Gn用量及Gn使用天数减少,hCG注射日有更高的E2和LH水平(P均<0.05),但是2种启动时间相比获得的优质胚胎数、胚胎种植率及持续妊娠率均无统计学差异(P均>0.05)。结论:延迟COH启动时间可减少卵巢刺激时间、Gn用量,可增加>14mm卵泡数及获卵数,且不影响优质胚胎数、胚胎种植率及持续妊娠率。     

Laparoscopic resection or sonography-guided vaginal aspiration of endometriomas prior to ICSI-ET does not worsen treatment outcomes

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of the management modality of ovarian endometriomas on ovarian response to COH (controlled ovarian hyperstimulation) and ART (assisted reproductive technology) treatment outcome. DESIGN: Retrospective case control study. SETTING: Ege University Infertility-Family Planning Research and Treatment Center. PATIENTS: 115 cycles of 84 patients who underwent ICSI-ET (intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer) with ejaculated sperm were enrolled in the study. The endometrioma resection group (Group I) was comprised of 36 cycles in 29 patients who were treated with laparoscopic endometrioma cyst resection prior to treatment; endometrioma aspiration (Group II) was comprised of 26 cycles in 15 patients whose endometriomas were aspirated prior to treatment; and the control group (Group III) was comprised of 53 cycles in 40 patients for whom the only infertility cause was the tubal factor. INTERVENTIONS: ICSI-ET treatment, laparascopic ovarian endometrioma cyst resection, transvaginal ultrasonography-guided endometrioma cyst aspiration. Main OUTCOMES MEASURES: COH results and ICSI-ET treatment outcomes. RESULTS: The groups were similar in all characteristics except for the mean age of the patients in group II being older than those in group I. Gonadotropin consumption was higher, peak estradiol level lower, and the number of oocytes less in the laparascopic resection group (Group I) with respect to the control group. The number of follicles was lower in the cyst aspiration group (Group II) with respect to the control group. The number of follicles larger than 15 mm, number of metaphase II oocytes, the fertilization, pregnancy and implantation rates were similar in all three groups. CONCLUSION: Interventions (laparascopic endometrioma resection, transvaginal ultrasound-guided endometrioma cyst aspiration) performed on endometriomas prior to ART treatment do not worsen the treatment outcome.     

The clinical efficacy and efficiency of a 100-IU starting dose of recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (Puregon) in Korean women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer

AIM: A prospective, non-comparative study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and efficiency of a starting dose of 100 IU recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (rhFSH, Puregon) in women undergoing ovarian stimulation prior to in vitro fertilization (IVF). METHODS: A total of 40 women were down-regulated with gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (long protocol), then treated with a fixed dose of 100 IU rhFSH for the first 4 days, and the dose of gonadotropin administration was adjusted according to patient's response thereafter. A maximum number of 3 embryos were transferred in 32 patients. RESULTS: Nine patients were treated with intracytoplasmic sperm injection, and 24 with conventional IVF. The duration of stimulation was 10.8 +/- 1.8 days, serum estradiol concentration on human chorionic gonadotropin day was 1693.0 +/- 1651.2 pg/mL, and 1480 +/- 450 IU rhFSH was used. A mean number of 8.4 +/- 5.7 oocytes were retrieved, 4.9 +/- 4.3 embryos obtained, 2.4 +/- 0.9 embryos transferred, and 3.5 +/- 3.2 embryos cryopreserved. The proportion of mature oocytes was 71.6%, and the fertilization rate was 86.4%. Clinical pregnancy was achieved in 8 patients (25.0%), and all of these pregnancies are ongoing or delivered. There were 3 cases of twin gestations (37.5%). The implantation rate was 13.1% (11/84). There was one case of moderate ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, however, the patient recovered within 7 days without any complications. CONCLUSION: The starting dose of 100 IU rhFSH has a good safety profile, and is adequate in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for IVF with a small amount of gonadotropin administered.     

The contribution of sildenafil (Viagra) to ovarian stimulation with gonadotropins in a woman with poor ovarian response

We aim to present the first case of a pregnancy achieved by administering sildenafil (Viagra) to a woman not responding to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) with the sole use of gonadotropins. A 37-year-old woman underwent COH, as part of an intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycle, with the combination of r-FSH and HMG for 13?d, without evidence of follicular growth. The addition of oral sildenafil at a dose of 50?mg per day for a total of five doses improved the ovarian response and resulted in the retrieval of 10 oocytes. Three embryos were transferred to the uterine cavity resulting in a successful pregnancy and, eventually, the delivery of a healthy neonate. Conclusively, the use of sildenafil as an adjunct to COH protocols may enhance ovarian response in a woman with poor ovarian response (POR) and merits further research.     

Oocyte quality and IVF outcome after coasting to prevent ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate, in a large cohort of patients, oocyte quality and IVF outcome after coasting used to prevent ovarian hyperstimulation. SETTING: Retrospective study. PATIENTS: IVF cycles which had reached estradiol serum levels of at least 4,000 pg/mL without being coasted (control group, n = 208), or where coasting was applied (coasted group, n = 157). METHOD: IVF data of coasted cycles were compared with the control group. Within the group of coasted cycles, we also analyzed whether indirect parameters related to coasting had an effect on IVF results. RESULTS: Coasted patients showed higher maximum estradiol levels and greater numbers of large follicles than the control group, but lower oocyte recovery rates. There were no other significant differences between the two groups of patients. Within the group of coasted patients, no significant relation was found between the number of days of coasting, the estradiol level on the day of hCG, or the fall in estradiol and the outcome, whether measured in terms of oocyte quality, pregnancy rate, or incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation. CONCLUSION: Coasting seems to be associated with a reduced oocyte collection rate, especially when the coasting period is prolonged. However, this does not result in reduced oocyte quality. The length of the coasting period and degree of estradiol decrease do not seem to alter the results in terms of pregnancy rates.     

预测体外受精中卵巢反应性相关因素分析

目的:比较基础抑制素B(basal inhibin B,bINHB)、基础卵泡刺激素(bFSH)、年龄、窦卵泡计数(AFC)对于体外受精中卵巢反应的预测价值。方法:选取首次施行体外受精/卵胞质内单精子注射-胚胎移植(IVF/ICSI-ET)患者796例,于促排卵开始前1个月,测定月经第3日血清bINHB、bFSH水平,B超测定当日卵巢内AFC,分别比较其与获卵数的相关性。结果:bINHB、AFC与获卵数呈正相关性,相关系数(r)分别为0.147和0.661;bFSH、年龄与获卵数呈负相关,r分别为-0.239和-0.355,均P<0.001。按|r|值行相关性排序,bINHB、bFSH、年龄、AFC与获卵数相关性递增。结论:bINHB、bFSH、年龄、AFC均可以预测卵巢反应性,AFC是预测卵巢反应最好的指标。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者IVF治疗中超促排卵方案的对比研究

目的:探讨不同的超排卵方案对多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者实施IVF-ET治疗过程的影响。方法:回顾分析行IVF治疗、长方案超促排卵的PCOS患者134个移植周期,比较分析不同超促排卵方案、促排卵药物的IVF-ET结局。结果:①递增方案组(n=7,6)总Gn使用量明显大于递减方案组(n=74)、Coasting方案组(n=16)和恒量方案组(n=18)(P<0.05)。②后期添加hMG组(n=61)总Gn使用量明显大于单用FSH组(n=73)(P<0.05),着床率也明显降低(P<0.05),但临床妊娠率无显著性差异(P=0.064);③普丽康组(n=43)与果纳芬+hMG组(n=22)及普丽康+hMG组(n=39)相比,总Gn使用量明显减少(P<0.05),而与果纳芬组(n=30)间无统计学差异;普丽康组与普丽康+hMG组相比,获卵数明显增加(P<0.05)。结论:PCOS患者的长方案超排卵方案中,递增方案增加了Gn使用总量而临床妊娠率有偏低的趋势;添加hMG不能提高着床率和临床妊娠率;单纯普丽康超排卵有减少总Gn使用量,增加获卵数的趋势。     

卵巢高反应对体外受精-胚胎移植的影响

目的探讨体外受精-胚胎移植周期控制性超排卵（COH）中卵巢高反应对妊娠结局的影响。方法回顾性分析中山大学附属第二医院生殖中心1082个IVF／ICSI周期的临床资料，根据HCG注射日血E2〉11010pmol／L或获卵数〉15个定义为高反应组，HCG注射日血E2〉1835pmol／L，且获卵数5～15个为正常反应组，比较两组的妊娠结局。结果与正常反应组相比，高反应组获得的优质胚胎数显著增多（P〈0．001），但两者的受精率、卵裂率、胚胎种植率、临床妊娠率、流产率比较，差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论COH中卵巢高反应对妊娠结局无明显影响，但需注意预防卵巢过度刺激综合征的发生.     

Coasting,embryo development and outcomes of blastocyst transfer: a case–control study

This study compared the effect on blastocyst development and clinical outcome of coasting in women at increased risk of moderate–severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS; n = 389) with a control group matched for age and basal FSH that did not undergo coasting (n = 386) in IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. The main outcome measures were rate of blastocyst development and live birth. More cycles progressed to the blastocyst stage in the coasted group (n = 169) compared with the control group (n = 83; 43.4% versus 21.5%; P < 0.001). The biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy and live birth rates were similar (46.5% versus 42.0%; 40.6% versus 37.8%; 31.6% versus 30.1%). The duration of coasting up to 4 days did not affect progression to blastocyst stage. The multivariate model showed that coasting (OR 1.73, P = 0.004) and the number of oocytes retrieved (OR 1.17, P = 0.001) were positively correlated with blastocyst formation. Coasting, a measure to reduce the risk of OHSS, does not impair blastocyst development or clinical outcome. Coasting should remain an effective measure to prevent OHSS.