黑龙江省中级刑警人格及应对方式分析

目的探讨中级刑警的人格及应对方式特征。方法采用艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)和简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)对236名黑龙江省中级刑警进行现况调查。结果中级刑警的精神质(P)维度得分[(5.64±3.00)分]明显低于常模[(7.32±3.29)分](P<0.01),内外倾(E)、神经质(N)维度得分[E(12.67±3.80)分;N(11.70±4.41)分]明显高于常模[(9.65±4.37)分,(10.23±4.59)分](P<0.01,P<0.01)。各年龄组的P分刑警组低于常模(P<0.05),E分刑警组高于常模(P<0.05),40~49岁组N分[(11.66±4.52)分]刑警组高于常模[(9.23±4.74)分](P<0.01)。刑警的积极应对方式均分[(1.96±0.45)分]高于常模[(1.78±0.52)分](P<0.01),消极应对方式均分[(1.45±0.61)分]低于常模[(1.59±0.66)分](P<0.01)。精神质维度得分与积极应对方式均分呈负相关(r=-0.20,P<0.01),与消极应对方式均分呈正相关(r=0.20,P<0.01)。内外倾维度得分与积极应对方式均分呈正相关(r=0.25,P<0.01),神经质维度得分与消极应对方式均分呈正相关(r=0.44,P<0.05)。结论黑龙江省中级刑警的人格特征及应对方式与普通人群存在明显不同,有其职业本身的特点。     

高原汽车兵心理健康特点及相关因素分析

目的研究高原汽车兵心理健康特点及其影响因素。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90),状态-特质焦虑问卷、社会支持评定量表、应对方式问卷及成人艾森克人格问卷,对驻扎在格尔木地区某部汽车团汽车兵进行测试。与SCL-90中国常模、军人常模、高原一般军人进行比较,并分析SCL-90军龄、级别特征,进行相关分析。结果①高原汽车兵SCL-90总均分[(1.76±0.59)分]、阳性项目数[(41.01±21.60)分]和各因子得分均显著高于中国军人常模(P<0.01);除阳性项目数外,SCL-90总均分和各因子得分明显低于高原一般军人(P<0.05);②高原军人心理健康特征。军龄上:除躯体化因子外,SCL-90各因子得分、总均分和阳性项目数差异无显著性(P>0.05);级别上:躯体化、偏执因子和阳性项目数得分存在显著差异(P<0.05);③SCL-90各因子得分与艾森克人格问卷神经质因子、精神质因子、特质焦虑、状态焦虑和消极应对得分呈显著正相关(P<0.01),与内外向因子、掩饰性因子、社会支持总分、客观支持、主观支持、支持利用度得分呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。结论高原条件下汽车兵心理卫生水平总体较差,并呈现明显的军龄和级别特征;高原汽车兵心理健康与个性、焦虑、社会支持及应对方式有关。     

冠心病患者人格特征与行为类型的调查分析

目的探讨冠心病患者人格特征与行为类型情况及相关性。方法对158例冠心病患者用艾森克人格问卷和A型行为类型问卷进行调查,并与全国常模和南方人常模进行对比分析。结果冠心病患者艾森克人格问卷的神经质和掩饰性评分显著高于全国常模(P<0.01);A型行为类型问卷冠心病患者的TH、CH、TH+CH评分显著高于南方人常模(P<0.05);人格特征与行为类型相关分析冠心病患者的精神质与内外向维度都与竞争敌意感呈正相关;掩饰性与竞争敌意感呈负相关。结论冠心病患者具有一定的人格特征即不稳定性,A型行为模式是冠心病患者的重要危险因素。临床护理工作中应对这组患者的人格特征、行为模式加以关注,提供信息支持,从而达到管理和控制冠心病的目的。     

医学院校新生健康危险行为与感觉寻求人格特征的相关研究

目的 了解医学院校大一新生健康危险行为的现状,探讨健康危险行为与感觉寻求、艾森克人格特征的关系.方法 采用中国版感觉寻求问卷、艾森克人格问卷和青少年健康危险行为调查问卷,对医学院校384名大一新生进行随机整群抽样调查.结果 ①大一新生普遍存在一定程度的健康危险行为,吸烟、饮酒报告率(5.2％、48.2％)稍低于国内外研究报告,且存在显著性别差异,男生的危险行为明显高于女生(P＜0.05);②有吸烟、饮酒、曾经打架、有自杀意念、上网时间过长、不良饮食行为、缺乏体育锻炼等健康危险行为者在感觉寻求水平及艾森克人格的N、P维度上大都存在显著差异,有健康危险行为组的得分高于没有以上健康危险行为组[如吸烟组感觉寻求得分(66.78±10.29)分高于未吸烟组(60.57±9.09)分,t=2.54,P＜0.01;艾森克P分值(7.11±3.23)分高于(5.33±2.89)分,t=2.81,P＜0.05];③进一步Logistic回归分析显示:男生、母亲文化程度高、感觉寻求水平高、艾森克的P、N维度即精神质、神经质得分高是大一新生健康危险行为的有效预测因素.结论 感觉寻求水平越高,艾森克人格特征中的精神质、神经质越高,越容易发生健康危险行为.     

男性性病病人的个性特征和心理状况调查

1目的　了解性病病人的心理状况、个性特征以及其对性病治疗的影响。2方法　用艾森克个性问卷 (EPQ)、症状自评量表 (SCL - 90 )及自编性病调查问卷 ,对 15 8例经 2次以上正规治疗、实验室检查致病菌阴性 ,但仍有自觉症状的男性性病病人进行调查。3结果　性病病人 SCL - 90各因子分中躯体化、焦虑、恐怖、抑郁、精神病性因子分高于国内常模 (u=3.5 6～ 8.72 ,P<0 .0 1) ,其中心身症状检出率为 94.3% .EPQ问卷中精神质 (P)得分较常模高 ,内外向 (N )得分较常模低 ,差异有显著性 (u=3.11,8.81,P<0 .0 1) ,心身症状检出率≤ 35岁组高于 >35岁组 ,病程 >6 0 d组高于≤ 6 0 d组 ,差异有显著性 (χ2 =5 .90 ,5 .0 6 ,P<0 .0 1)。有心身症状者 N分显著高于无心身症状者 (t=13.6 2 ,P<0 .0 1)。4结论　男性性病病人个性特征多为精神质和倾向自身症状 ,有心身症状者多见于神经质者 ,上述因素影响性病的治疗。     

2型糖尿病患者个性及应对方式的临床研究

目的探讨糖尿病患者的个性特征及应对方式,指导心理干预。方法以110名2型糖尿病患者为研究组,50名健康的正常人为对照组,在统一指导语下完成艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)、防御方式问卷(DSQ),同时测患者的糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)。结果①在艾森克问卷中EPQN、EPQL标准分研究组[(50.18±9.95)分,50.82±9.52)分]显著高于对照组[(42.40±8.59)分,(46.10±9.55)分],两组之间差异有显著性(P<0.01及P<0.01);②防御方式问卷中,研究组的防御因子1均分[(4.08±0.93)分]显著高于对照组[(3.18±0.95)分],差异具有显著性(t=5.652,P<0.01);③糖尿病患者的个性特征、防御方式与HbA1c之间无显著相关性(r值分别为0.02,0.18,-0.17,-0.14)。结论糖尿病患者存在着个性及应对方式的缺陷,临床医生应加强对患者的心理干预。     

武警某部官兵人格特征和应对方式的研究

目的:调查武警部队官兵个性特征和应对方式。方法:采用艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版(EPQ-RSC)和简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ),对武警某机动部队315名官兵进行测查及分析。结果:①EPQ-RSC的P、N维度均极显著低于全国常模(t=-3.858,-10.842;P均<0.01),E维度显著高于全国常模(t=2.553,P<0.05),L维度极显著高于全国常模(t=7.391,P<0.01)。男军人EPQ-RSC的L维度显著低于女军人(t=-2.069,P<0.05)。士官L维度高于义务兵(F=4.369,P<0.05)。②官兵的消极应对方式得分极显著低于全国常模(t=-22.289,P<0.01)。男军人积极应对方式得分显著低于女军人(t=-2.069,P<0.05)。③EPQ-RSC的P、N维度与积极应对方式呈极显著负相关(r=-0.149,-0.183;P均<0.01),E维度与积极应对方式呈极显著正相关(r=0.335,P<0.01)。E维度与消极应对方式呈显著负相关(r=-0.130,P<0.05),N维度与消极应对方式呈极显著正相关(r=0.360,P<0.01),L维度与消极应对方式呈极显著负相关(r=-0.332,P<0.01)。结论:①该武警部队官兵在精神质、内外向和情绪稳定性方面更趋于稳定,心理健康状况较好。掩饰性维度高于全国常模,士官的掩饰性维度高于义务兵,女军人的掩饰性维度高于男军人。②官兵的人格特征各维度与应对方式存在一定的相关性。     

医学硕士研究生新生人格调查

目的:分析医学院校硕士研究生新生的人格特征。方法:采用普查方式,对440名硕士研究生新生用艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)成人版进行心理测评,初步分析其人格特征。结果:外向、稳定型的被试所占比例最大;与全国常模比较,男性两个年龄组被试在内外向维度的得分高于常模(P<0.05),精神质维度的得分低于常模(P<0.05);女性两个年龄组被试在内外向维度的得分高于常模(P<0.05),神经质、掩饰性维度的得分低于常模(P<0.05),而20～30岁组的精神质维度得分低于常模(P<0.05);与女性被试比较,男性被试在精神质维度的得分更低(P<0.05),在掩饰性维度的得分更高(P<0.05);与少数民族被试比较,汉族被试在掩饰性维度的得分更高(P<0.05)。结论:与全国常模相比,医学硕士研究生新生人格多外向、情绪稳定、掩饰性低。     

高原军人自测健康状况与个性特征的关系

目的了解高原军人自测健康状况与个性的关系。方法采用随机整群抽样法,选择驻西藏某部队官兵464名,应用自测健康评定量表和艾森克个性问卷进行调查。结果不同性格倾向和情绪稳定度的高原军人的自测健康状况得分不同,其中,内向性格者(6.45±1.06)分,中间性格者(7.02±0.96)分,外向性格者(7.49±1.00)分,情绪稳定者(7.71±1.08)分,情绪中间者(7.28±0.87)分,情绪不稳定者(6.51±0.94)分,外向性格者除生理健康以外,其心理健康、社会健康以及自测健康得分较中间及内向性格者的为高,情绪稳定者的自测健康水平显著高于情绪不稳定者(P<0.001);高原军人的自测健康状况得分与EPQ内外向维度呈显著的正相关、与神经质维度呈显著的负相关。结论高原军人的个性特征对其自测健康状况有显著影响,积极调控情绪,培养乐观外向的性格人助于提高其自测健康状况。     

广东省武警官兵生活质量影响因素的研究

目的了解广东省武警官兵生活质量状况及其影响因素。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法,用世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表、艾森克个性问卷、生活事件量表、领悟社会支持量表、简易应对方式问卷、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数、自测健康评定量表对广东省武警官兵1170人进行测试和分析。结果广东省武警官兵生活质量的生理、心理、社会及环境领域得分分别为(66.46±12.50)分、(67.35±13.59)分、(64.68±14.49)分、(56.15±14.92)分。其生活质量高于平均水平。内外向维度分、社会支持、积极应对、自测健康与生活质量各领域得分呈显著正相关;情绪维度分、生活事件、消极应对、睡眠质量总分与生活质量各领域得分呈显著负相关。内外向维度分、情绪维度分、生活事件、社会支持、积极应对、消极应对、睡眠质量总分、自测健康因素进入回归方程(P<0.05)。结论广东省武警官兵生活质量较好。其生活质量有26.5%~46.8%由个性、生活事件、社会支持、应对方式、睡眠质量、自测健康因素变化所决定。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.