Damon Q自锁托槽和传统MBT托槽对拔牙病例上前牙转矩的控制

目的研究Damon Q自锁托槽和传统MBT托槽转矩控制上是否存在差异。方法收集使用Damon Q自锁托槽和传统MBT托槽矫治结束的拔牙病例,均使用两步法关闭拔牙间隙。在治疗前(T0)和拆除托槽前(T1)测量两组患者的头颅侧位X线片。采用SPSS23软件包比较两组患者的上前牙转矩的控制效果。结果两组患者上前牙明显内收、双唇突度显著减小,U1-SN、U1-NA、U1-NA角、ULP、LLP减小,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组变化量无显著差异(P>0.05)。上前牙转矩U1-SN、U1-NA、U1-NA°均在正常范围内。Damon Q自锁托槽组的疗程为(24.1±0.5)个月,传统MBT托槽组的疗程为(22.4±0.7)个月,Damon Q自锁托槽组较传统MBT托槽组疗程稍长,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论标准转矩Damon Q自锁托槽与传统MBT托槽在拔牙内收病例中都可有效的控制前牙转矩,但Damon自锁托槽组疗程稍长。     

应用自锁托槽和传统结扎托槽矫治对牙周状况影响的比较

目的：比较自锁托槽和传统结扎托槽对正畸患者牙周状况的影响。方法收集12~16岁青少年正畸患者120例,根据托槽种类随机分为4组,每组30例,其中传统托槽组使用传统结扎托槽作为对照组,Smart?clip组、Bio?Quick组及Damon Q组使用3种不同自锁托槽作为试验组,于矫治前（T0）、矫治后1（T1）、3（T2）、6（T3）个月分别测量下颌切牙的菌斑指数、牙龈指数和探诊深度。结果 T0期和T1期,各组相关牙周指数较治疗前差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;矫治后3、6个月,不论是自锁托槽组还是传统托槽组,菌斑指数和牙龈指数同T0、T1相比逐渐升高,且差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,但牙周探诊深度仍无明显区别（P>0.05）。矫治后3个月,3个自锁托槽组的菌斑指数及牙龈指数明显低于传统托槽组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。矫治后6个月,自锁托槽组的菌斑指数及牙龈指数同对照组相比也有显著降低（P<0.05）。但在不同矫治时期,不同种类自锁托槽牙周指数间比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论与传统结扎托槽相比,自锁托槽在控制菌斑及牙龈出血方面存在优势,但对牙周袋深度的影响无明显差别。     

自锁托槽非拔牙矫治下牙列拥挤的临床研究

目的 比较自锁托槽和传统结扎式托槽非拔牙矫治牙列拥挤患者的下牙列变化,探讨自锁托槽解除牙列拥挤的机制.方法 选择26例下牙列拥挤患者,分为自锁组和传统组,每组13例,分别使用自锁托槽(Damon3)和传统托槽(传统结扎式托槽)进行非拔牙矫治.对矫治前后变化进行配对t检验,逐步回归分析拥挤解除机制以及影响下切牙唇倾度改变量的相关因素.结果 矫治前后两组患者下颌尖牙间、前磨牙间牙弓宽度改变量及下切牙唇倾度改变量比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.1);矫治后自锁组下颌第一磨牙间牙弓宽度增加1.42 mm、下切牙凸距增加2.66 mm,传统组下颌第一磨牙间牙弓宽度增加0.65 mm、下切牙凸距增加1.57 mm,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.1).回归分析显示,自锁组对下切牙唇倾度变化量解释的总测定系数高达96.6%,被选入模型的变量为矫治前下颌拥挤度、下颌平面角、第一磨牙间牙弓宽度,以及矫治前后尖牙及第一前磨牙间牙弓宽度改变量.结论 非拔牙矫治下牙列拥挤时,自锁组和传统组患者均出现下切牙唇倾及下牙弓宽度增加,自锁组第一磨牙间牙弓宽度增加量及下切牙前移量较传统组多;自锁组下切牙唇倾度的改变不仅受拥挤度和矫治前牙弓宽度影响,而且受患者自身骨面型及牙弓宽度变化的影响.     

主动、被动自锁托槽对牙弓宽度变化的对比研究

目的 分析比较采用Quick主动和Damon被动自锁托槽系统非拔牙矫治牙列拥挤病例后牙弓宽度的变化情况。 方法 选取19例骨性Ⅰ类轻中度牙列拥挤的青少年病例,进行非拔牙矫治。随机分为2组：10例采用Quick自锁托槽矫治系统,9例采用Damon自锁托槽矫治系统。对治疗前和牙列排齐整平后的研究模型进行测量。应用SPSS 15.0统计软件分析矫治前后牙弓宽度的变化。结果 牙列排齐后,Quick组上、下颌前磨牙的宽度以及上颌第一磨牙间宽度的增加有显著性差异,Damon组上颌前磨牙宽度的增加有显著性差异。治疗前后牙弓宽度的变化在两组间无显著性差异。 结论 自锁托槽矫治系统能有效的通过增加牙弓宽度,成功达到非拔牙矫治的目的。牙弓宽度增加的效率在主动、被动自锁矫治系统之间无显著性差异。     

2种不同类型自锁托槽对前牙转矩控制的对比研究

摘要：目的比较主动和被动自锁托槽在拔牙病例中对前牙转矩的控制 方法 选取40例拔牙病例,20例应用Empower自锁托槽,20例应用Damon自锁托槽,对治疗前后反应骨性指标的SNA、SNB、ANB、MP-SN和上下前牙倾斜度的牙性指标：UI-SN、U1-PP、U1-NA、L1-NB、L1-MP进行头影测量分析,应用SPSS13.0软件对治疗前后测量的结果进行分析。结果 两组病例治疗前各项测量项目无明显差别;两组病例治疗前后骨性指标无明显改变,而牙性指标UI-SN、U1-PP、U1-NA、L1-NB、L1-MP都有明显减小;Empower组病例治疗后UI-SN、U1-PP、U1-NA测量值较Damon组大,有显著性差异(P<0.05),而Empower组L1-MP治疗后测量值较Damon组小,结果有显著性差异(P<0.05),Empower组L1-NB治疗后测量值较Damon组小,但无明显统计学差别(P>0.05)。结论 主动自锁托槽在拔牙病例中对前牙转矩的控制较被动自锁托槽理想。     

快速扩弓和Damon技术非拔牙矫治牙列拥挤的比较研究

目的:分析比较快速扩弓(RPE)技术和Damon技术用于非拔牙矫治牙列拥挤的临床疗效.方法:选取19例骨性Ⅰ类中度牙列拥挤的青少年患者,进行非拔牙正畸治疗,其中9例采用上颌快速扩弓配合直丝弓矫治技术,10例采用Damon矫治技术.对2组患者正畸治疗前、后作模型和X线头影测量分析.使用SPSS15.0软件包作t检验,分析治疗前、后及2组间的差异.结果:治疗后,上、下颌尖牙间宽度RPE组分别增加了2.9mm和1.3mm,而Damon组没有显著变化.上、下颌后牙区牙弓宽度2组均有显著增加(P<0.05),其中,上颌第一前磨牙间宽度和下颌磨牙间宽度的增加,2组间无显著差异.上颌第一磨牙间宽度RPE组增加了5.3mm,显著大于Damon组的3.1mm;而下颌前磨牙间宽度的增加量Damon组为4.5mm,显著大于RPE组的1.5mm(P<0.05).治疗后,上、下磨牙均有显著颊向倾斜(P<0.05),Damon组和RPE组无显著差异.但上、下前磨牙的颊向倾斜量Damon组显著大于RPE组(P<0.05).RPE组上颌基骨宽距增加了2.1mm.显著大于Damon组(0.6mm)(P<0.05).h、下切牙突角U1-NA和IMPA的变化,Damon组分别为9.2°和7.5°,RPE组无显著改变,2组间有显著差异(P<0.05).结论:快速扩弓和Damon技术都能有效地通过增加牙弓宽度,成功达到非拔牙矫治中度牙列拥挤的目的.Damon技术主要以颊倾前磨牙和磨牙来增大后牙的牙弓宽度,同时伴有切牙唇向倾斜;快速扩弓能扩大上颌基骨和整个上颌牙弓宽度,并可维持前牙直立.     

Damon技术非拔牙矫治牙列拥挤的适应证分析

目的:评价和分析Damon自锁托槽矫治器非拔牙治疗牙列拥挤的临床效果和适应证.方法:选取上、下颌均用Damon技术做非拔牙矫治的骨性Ⅰ类中度以上牙列拥挤患者19例,包括治疗前(T1)需要拔牙但患者拒绝拔牙的病例7例.排齐上、下前牙后(T2),根据软组织侧貌的变化分为治疗成功组和治疗失败组,成功组T2时Z角≥70°或≥T1时Z角,反之为失败组.测量2组患者T1和T2的模型和X线侧位定位片,采用SPSS15.0软件包对数据进行t检验.结果:19例患者中.治疗成功11例,治疗失败8例(包括全部7例需要拔牙的病例).牙弓周长和牙弓宽度在T1和T2时均无显著差异.2组患者在T2时上、下前牙和上唇位置均有明显前移,变化量无显著差异,但T1时成功组患者上、下前牙唇倾角和上唇至E线距离显著小于失败组(P<0.05).下唇位置的前移量失败组为3.4mm,显著大于成功组的1.6mm(P<0.05).失败组Z角减少10.7°,而成功组基本不变.软组织Holdaway分析显示,上唇紧张程度2组无显著差异,而颏部紧张程度成功组显著小于失败组(P(0.05).结论:Damon矫治技术不能使需要拔牙的病例免除拔牙.平直的软组织侧貌和直立的上、下前牙,是非拔牙治疗的先决条件,而协调的颏唇关系是非拔牙治疗成功的关键.     

Damon Q自锁托槽在安氏Ⅲ类错牙合不拔牙矫治中的应用

目的：探讨DamonQ自锁托槽控制安氏Ⅲ类错牙合患者上切牙转矩的临床疗效。方法收集32例安氏Ⅲ类错牙合患者,分别使用Damon Q自锁托槽（试验组）和Gemini MBT托槽（对照组）进行不拔牙矫治,在矫治前后进行头影测量分析,比较2组患者矫治前后上下切牙倾斜度和面部软组织侧貌的变化。结果矫治后,试验组SNA、ANB、U1-SN、U1-NA、U1-L1、A′Ls-FH的变化与对照组相比,差异均具有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。结论使用Damon Q自锁托槽矫治安氏Ⅲ类错牙合,可以有效地控制上切牙根唇向转矩,减小上切牙唇倾度,改善软组织侧貌美观。     

无托槽隐形矫治器与Damon Q自锁托槽对拔牙病例牙弓形态影响的临床研究

目的:对比研究无托槽隐形矫治器与Damon Q自锁托槽对牙列前突拥挤患者拔牙矫治后牙弓形态的影响。方法:收集40例牙列前突拥挤患者,分别采用无托槽隐形矫治器和Damon Q自锁托槽固定矫治器完成拔牙矫治,每组各20例。采用iTero口腔扫描仪获取两组患者治疗前(T₀)和治疗后(T₁)数字化模型,OrthoCAD软件测量比较两组治疗前、后牙弓宽度、磨牙水平向旋转角度等指标变化情况。结果:与治疗前相比,治疗后两组上颌尖牙间宽度均增宽(P<0.05),下颌尖牙间宽度固定矫治组增加明显(P<0.01),而隐形矫治组变化不明显(P>0.05);治疗后两组上下牙弓后段宽度均减小(P<0.05);但治疗前后牙弓宽度各指标变化两组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。隐形组治疗后上、下颌第一磨牙水平向旋转角度均较治疗前明显增大(均P<0.01);固定组上、下颌第一磨牙水平向旋转角度治疗前、后变化不明显(均P>0.05);两组间相比,隐形组治疗后上颌第一磨牙水平向旋转角增大幅度较固定组明显,差异有统计学意义(P<...     

自锁托槽与传统托槽不拔牙矫治软硬组织及牙弓变化的对比研究

目的　比较自锁托槽和传统托槽不拔牙矫治对于软硬组织的变化及牙弓形态的变化。方法　选择36例安氏Ⅰ类患者分为自锁托槽组和传统托槽组,分别为18例。分别使用自锁托槽和传统托槽进行不拔牙矫治,对治疗前后的头颅侧位片及模型进行测量,并对测量结果进行配对和成组t检验。结果　矫治后2组下牙弓周长都有增长,自锁组下牙弓周长增加3.29 mm,传统组增加1.67 mm,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;自锁托槽组和传统托槽组牙弓各段宽度都有一定程度的扩大,但是2种托槽之间差异没有统计学意义;自锁托槽组LL-EP增加0.63 mm,传统托槽组LL-EP增加1 mm,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;∠U1- NA、∠L1 - NB自锁组较普通组少增加1°,但是2组之间没有统计学差异（P<0.05）;2组的SNA、SNB、ANB、MP／SN角的治疗前后变化量差异无统计学意义。结论　应用自锁托槽和传统托槽不拔牙矫治牙列拥挤时,2种托槽都不能改变骨骼关系,都有一定程度的扩弓作用和使上下前牙唇倾,但两者之间的差异没有统计学意义。     

Periodontal condition of the mandibular anterior dentition in patients with conventional and self-ligating brackets

Authors – Pandis N, Vlachopoulos K, Polychronopoulou A, Madianos P, Eliades T Objectives – To explore whether the use of self‐ligating brackets is associated with better values for periodontal indices because of the lack of elastomeric modules and concomitantly, reduced availability of retentive sites for microbial colonization and plaque accumulation. Setting and Sample Population – Private practice of the first author. Patients were selected using the following inclusion criteria: age range 12–17 years, fixed appliances on both arches, aligned mandibular arch, and absence of oral habits and anterior crossbites. Materials and Methods – Prospective cohort investigation. Participants were grouped for bracket type, thus 50 patients formed the conventional bracket cohort and 50 patients the self‐ligating bracket cohort. Both cohorts were followed with the purpose to examine periodontal status. Average length of follow‐up was 18 months. This time period was considered adequate for a proportion of study participants to experience the outcome of interest. Outcome variables were plaque index, gingival index, calculus index, and probing depth for the two bracket cohorts. Results – No difference was found in the indices recorded between the two bracket cohorts studied. Conclusion – Under the conditions as applied in this study, the self‐ligating brackets do not have an advantage over conventional brackets with respect to the periodontal status of the mandibular anterior teeth.     

Clinical comparison of direct versus indirect bonding with different bracket types and adhesives.

A longitudinal clinical trial was made in forty-two children to compare some commonly used techniques for orthodontic bracket bonding. A particular study design (Figs. 1 and 5) allowed blind quadrantwise comparisons in the same patient of six different variables, including direct versus indirect bonding, adhesives of the filled diacrylate resin type with small versus large filler particles, and metal brackets with mesh-backed versus perforated bases. The same person bonded all brackets within one week and performed the orthodontic treatment by a friction-free edgewise light-wire technique. Efforts were made to minimize gingival irritation by using eccentrically placed brackets on small bases, by careful trimming of excess adhesives flash around the bases, and by directing much emphasis on oral hygiene measures. The plaque situation around the brackets and along the gingival margins and the gingival condition were assessed according to the criteria of the plaque and gingival index systems by a dental hygienist at each monthly visit during a test period of 6 months. The study demonstrated that both direct and indirect bonding with the different adhesives and bracket types could give clinically satisfactory results. Still, there were statistically significant differences in plaque retention, gingival inflammation, and bond strength. The bonding adhesive with small filler particles was more hygienic than and about as strong as two adhesives with larger, coarser filler particles. The mesh-backed brackets retained less plaque and gave stronger bonds than the brackets with perforated pads. Advantages of direct bonding over the indirect procedure were that (1) the bracket bases were fitted closer to the tooth surface (which improved bond strength), (2) it was easier to work clean and to remove excess adhesive flash around the bracket bases (to help prevent gingival inflammation and decalcification and facilitate debonding), and (3) the bonding adhesive constantly filled out the entire contact surface of the brackets (thus avoiding artificial undercuts and deficiency areas which are prone to promote decalcification). A number of other clinical observations were also discussed.     

被动自锁托槽在固定正畸治疗中的应用

目的 通过比较被动自锁托槽与传统结扎托槽在非拔牙固定矫治的差异,来评估被动自锁托槽在固定正畸治疗中应用价值.方法 从已有病例中选取患者40例,其中Damon Q自锁托槽组20例,传统托槽组20例.比较两组患者治疗过程中及治疗前后牙周相关指数的变化、治疗前后扩弓效果,以及两组患者每组平均矫治疗程、平均就诊次数、每次复诊医...     

口腔卫生教育干预对青少年正畸患者口腔卫生状况影响的调查研究

目的 探讨口腔卫生教育干预对青少年口腔正畸疗程的影响。 方法 选择2010年12月—2011年12月治疗的160例口腔正畸青少年为研究对象,运用随机数字表法将患者分为对照组和实验组,对照组患者继续原来的生活习惯给予常规口腔卫生教育干预,而实验组患者则给予规范化口腔卫生教育干预,教育干预6个月后,比较对照组和实验组患者的牙龈指数、菌斑指数和正畸疗程差异。 结果 教育干预6个月后,实验组患病者牙龈指数、菌斑指数均明显低于对照组,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。 结论 加强口腔卫生教育能够明显降低牙龈指数和菌斑指数。     

非减数治疗中不同托槽对牙弓三维方向的影响

目的:探讨非减数治疗中,传统托槽与Damon自锁托槽系统在三维方向上对牙弓产生的影响差异,为临床提供参考。方法:选择非减数治疗的正畸患者45例,随机分为传统托槽+Cu-NiTi丝组(A组)、Damon 3mx+Cu-NiTi丝组（B组）和传统托槽+NiTi丝组（C组）,各组按相同的弓丝顺序和时间排齐整平牙列。分别测量3组术前（T0）和排齐整平后（T1）牙弓前(a)、中(b)、后段(c)的宽度以及头颅侧位片中U1-SN、U1-PP、L1-MP、U6-PP（mm）、L6-MP（mm）等相关数据,采用SPSS22.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:通过方差分析和t检验,A、B、C 3组的相关数据在治疗前、后的改变量无显著差异。结论:在轻度拥挤的非减数病例中,Damon系统托槽与传统托槽对牙弓在三维方向上的影响无显著差异。     

无托槽隐形矫治器及自锁托槽矫治器对牙周炎患者牙周及龈下菌群的影响

目的： 观察无托槽隐形矫治器及自锁托槽矫治器矫正治疗对牙周炎患者牙周健康及龈下菌群的影响。方法： 收集接受正畸治疗的牙周炎患者110例,按照治疗方式分为隐形组和自锁托槽组。跟踪检查患者的牙周指数,包括探诊深度（PD）、牙龈指数（GI）、龈沟出血指数（SBI）、菌斑指数（PLI）、龈沟液炎症因子水平;采用VAS法评价矫治前、后牙周疼痛情况和矫治效果,PCR分析矫治后患者龈下菌斑中常见致病菌情况。采用SPSS 19.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果： 矫治12个月及矫治结束后,自锁托槽组PLI显著高于隐形组（P<0.05）,PD、GI、SBI在2组间无显著差异。矫治后,隐形组患者的炎症因子水平显著低于自锁托槽组（P<0.05）。矫治后1 d,隐形组患者的疼痛指数显著低于自锁托槽组（P<0.05）。隐形组临床总有效率显著高于自锁托槽组（89.10% vs 76.36%）。矫治后,自锁托槽组龈下致病菌检出率及含量显著高于隐形组（P<0.05）。结论： 在牙周炎患者正畸治疗中,配戴无托槽隐形矫治器能有效抑制炎症反应及龈下致病菌增殖,更有利于牙周健康及口腔卫生维护。     

自锁托槽与传统托槽对牙周指数和牙龈卟啉单胞菌影响的对比研究

目的 对比正畸患者粘接自锁托槽与传统托槽后牙周指数和牙龈卟啉单胞菌的变化。方法 将正畸患者30例按托槽类型分为2组,每组15例。试验组粘接Clippy自锁托槽,对照组粘接O-PAK传统直丝弓托槽。分别在矫治器戴入前,戴入后第1、3个月检查牙周临床指标（包括菌斑指数、牙龈指数、探诊深度）,同时采集龈下菌斑样本,利用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测样本中牙龈卟啉单胞菌和总细菌的数量,计算出牙龈卟啉单胞菌的构成比。结果 治疗前试验组与对照组牙周指数、牙龈卟啉单胞菌构成比差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。治疗中,2组牙周指数、牙龈卟啉单胞菌构成比均随时间延长而升高（P＜0.05）;试验组在粘接矫治器后第1、3个月,牙周指数、牙龈卟啉单胞菌构成比均低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 与传统托槽对比,自锁托槽更利于口腔卫生维护,但仍会对口腔卫生造成不利影响。     

Orthodontic attachments and chlorhexidine-containing varnish effects on gingival health

OBJECTIVE: To compare the severity of clinical inflammation parameters and the level of the inflammatory mediator interleukin (IL)-1beta during orthodontic treatment by using brackets and bands. In addition, the effect of a chlorhexidine-containing varnish was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective randomized controlled trial included 40 healthy children who required an orthodontic treatment of mild crowding. Either brackets or bands were randomly allocated to the premolars with a split-mouth design. Twenty of the children received a chlorhexidine-containing varnish during the treatment (0, 12, 24 weeks), while the remaining children served as a control group. Prior and until 24 weeks after the insertion, data were recorded regarding the pocket depth (PD), the gingival appearance (gingival index [GI]), and the plaque accumulation (plaque index [PI]). Gingival crevicular fluid was collected as well. A quantitative enzyme-linked immunoassay technique was used to detect differences in IL-1beta. RESULTS: The PDs and the gingival index of teeth with brackets showed significantly lower values in comparison with teeth treated with bands (P = .0001). The IL-1beta levels confirmed these findings. In contrast, the PI showed higher values for the teeth with brackets (P = .0001). The teeth that received a chlorhexidine-containing varnish showed significantly lower values in the follow-ups for most of the evaluated parameters (PD Band, PI Band, PI Bracket, GI Band, GI Bracket; P < .015). CONCLUSION: The clinically observed parameters as well as the IL-1beta levels reflected the higher impact of bands on gingival health. These values showed a significant decrease after application of a chlorhexidine-containing varnish. However, the PI showed higher values for the teeth with brackets.     

The effect of a plaque control programme on the incidence and severity of cyclosporin-induced gingival changes

The efficacy of plaque control as a means of preventing cyclosporin-induced gingival overgrowth was assessed in 27 adult renal transplant patients. After baseline examination, patients were randomly allocated to receive intensive oral hygiene instructions, scaling and root planing (OH group) or no treatment (no treatment group). Gingival condition was assessed 6 months after baseline and changes in gingival form were related to various periodontal and pharmacokinetic measures. In both treatment groups, there was a significant increase (P less than 0.05) in gingival hyperplasia scores at 6 months. In the OH group, plaque scores were significantly lower (P less than 0.05) at 6 months, whereas in the no treatment group, a significant increase in plaque scores, gingival inflammation and probing depths was observed at 6 months. Dosages of cyclosporin, whole blood concentrations of cyclosporin, baseline gingival index, hyperplasia scores, and 6-month plaque index were not important determinants for the increase in gingival over-growth in both treatment groups. It is concluded that attention to plaque control and the removal of local irritants is of some benefit for the gingival health of cyclosporin-treated adult renal transplant patients, but these measures alone did not prevent gingival overgrowth. Pharmacokinetic variables of cyclosporin and various periodontal measures were not good predictors of cyclosporin-induced gingival changes.