健康促进模式在护理实践中的应用

对健康促进模式的理论和实践进行综述,分析Pender健康促进模式的理论框架和具体内涵,并归纳国内外对慢性疾病人群、社区一般人群、老年人、妇女及青少年的健康促进行为的调查结果,显示健康促进模式及其相应的健康促进量表在护理实践中广泛应用,同时也指出,国内对健康促进模式的研究和应用尚处于起步阶段,有待社区和临床护理人员进一步认识和发展.     

老年痴呆患者Pender健康促进模式护理干预方案的构建

目的 构建老年痴呆(AD)患者Pender健康促进模式护理干预方案,为AD患者提供系统、规范的Pender健康促进模式的护理干预措施。方法 通过查阅文献、案例回顾,拟定干预方案初稿,选取20名专家进行2轮德尔菲专家函询,按照专家函询意见,结合临床实践,对条目进行修改。结果 20名专家经2轮函询后意见趋于一致,问卷有效回收率100%,2轮专家权威系数分别为0.808、0.846,2轮函询指标重要性Kendall’s W值分别为0.152、0.310(P<0.001)。最终形成1级条目3个,2级条目10个,3级条目24个。各级指标重要性赋值为4.00～4.95分,变异系数为0.044～0.200。结论 本研究构建的AD患者Pender健康促进模式护理干预方案具有可靠性、实用性、科学性,对指导AD患者临床护理工作具有重要意义。     

健康促进模式在1例社区护理个案中的应用

<正>健康促进是指促进人们维护、提高和控制他们自身健康的过程,是协调人类与环境之间的战略,规定个人与社会对健康各自所负的责任,是个人与家庭、社会和国家一起采取措施鼓励健康行为,增强人们改进、处理自身健康问题的能力[1]。Pender的健康促进模式主要是帮助基本上属于健康的人们,通过加强维护促进健康行为和改变社会、环境和经济条件中危害健康行为,使人们达到保持并加强健康的目的[2]。健康促进不同于疾     

人口健康促进模式在社区护理中的应用

人口健康促进模式(the population health promotion,PHPM)由加拿大学者Hamilton等于1996年提出,该模式提供了一个系统的指导框架,在该框架的指导下,健康工作者可以全面分析影响人口健康的因素,并系统地实施有效的健康干预措施,从而达     

基于Pender健康促进模式的干预方案在慢性心力衰竭患者中的应用

目的:探讨基于Pender健康促进模式的干预方案在慢性心力衰竭患者中的应用效果。方法:采用便利抽样法选取2018年7月—2019年4月哈尔滨市某三级甲等医院心内科收治的心力衰竭患者120例为研究对象。按照收治时间分组,2018年7—11月收治的患者60例为对照组,2018年12月—2019年4月收治的患者60例为试验组。最终对照组有52例患者完成研究,试验组有57例患者完成研究。对照组患者采用常规健康宣教,试验组患者采用基于Pender健康促进模式的干预方案。采用心力衰竭患者自我管理量表、汉化的明尼苏达心力衰竭患者生活质量量表(MLHFQ)评价干预效果。结果:干预后试验组患者自我管理行为量表各维度得分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后试验组患者MLHFQ中的情绪领域、其他领域得分高于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者身体领域得分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:基于Pender健康促进模式的干预方案能够提高慢性心力衰竭患者的自我管理水平和生活质量,建议推广应用。     

Pender健康促进模式对急性胰腺炎患者健康行为及自护能力的影响

目的:探讨Pender健康促进模式对急性胰腺炎患者健康行为及自护能力的影响。方法:选取2019年4月至2020年4月南华大学附属第二医院消化内科收治的急性胰腺炎患者104例为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各52例。对照组患者给予常规健康教育干预,观察组患者在此基础上给予Pender健康促进模式。观察并比较...     

基于Pender健康促进模式干预在老年痴呆病人中的应用进展

对基于Pender健康促进模式的起源、内容、评估、临床护理的应用现况以及在老年痴呆病人中的干预措施进行综述。目前基于Pender健康促进模式针对老年痴呆病人进行的干预研究鲜有报道。护理人员有必要进一步研究探索该模式在老年痴呆病人临床护理工作中的应用,帮助病人树立并坚定正确的健康信念,形成健康促进行为,以延缓疾病进展,提高生活质量。     

健康促进模式如何减少糖尿病致残率

糖尿病的发病率在全世界范围内正迅速上升．在英国有130万人（占总人口2％～3％）罹患此病。糖尿病不仅影响了人们的生理和心理健康．同时也影响了人们的生活方式、社会关系、收入和生活期望度。而且花费在治疗糖尿病引起的并发症方面的费用也快速增长。     

健康促进型疗养院护理管理实践

目的：探析健康促进型疗养院护理管理实践及效果。方法：尝试实施护理组织支持管理策略、护理部垂直管理策略、多元化培养管理策略。结果：疗养服务对象对疗养护理服务综合评价、护理健康促进内涵评价、护理健康促进技术能力评价提高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.001）;护理人员工作满意度提升,护理管理策略实施前后差异有统计学意义（P〈0.001）。结论：实施护理人力资源的组织支持管理、垂直管理、多元化培养以及项目带动内涵建设管理策略,有利于健康促进疗养模式下的疗养护理服务质量提升,护理人员职业价值认同提高,稳定护理队伍建设。     

社区护理现状分析与建设

通过对国内、国外社区护理现状的分析,提出社区护理的任务和目标,深刻认识卫生事业与人民群众健康需求之间的差距,构建适合中国国情的社区管理体制,以改革促健康,以健康促稳定,以健康促和谐。     

城市社区老年人自测健康调查及护理对策

目的了解城市社区老年人自测健康状况,分析影响其自测健康的因素。方法应用许军的“自测健康评定量表”调查425例老年人的自测健康状况,应用SPSS10.0软件包处理所有数据资料。结果城市社区老年人自测健康得分均值为(328.66±56.20)分,报告其处于良好以上水平者占92.4%;不同婚姻状况和家庭人均月收入老年人的自测健康水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论老年人的自测健康总体水平较高,丧偶和低收入老年人的自测健康水平较低。护士通过健康教育,提高老年人的自测健康水平,可促其建立健康的生活方式,提高生活质量。     

研究型教学在社区护理学课程教学中的应用

目的:探讨研究型教学在社区护理学课程教学中的应用效果。方法:通过调查问卷了解应用研究性教学对我院224名2005～2007级高职护理专业学生社区护理学课程的教学效果。结果:89.73%的学生认同研究型教学方法,应用研究性教学方法增加了学生的学习兴趣,提高了学生的自学能力和实践能力,培养了创新意识,并提高了学生的学习成绩(P<0.05)。结论:研究性教学在社区护理学课程中应用,有利于培养学生的自学能力、解决问题能力和创新能力,提高学生学习成绩和综合素质。     

Relate better and judge less: Poverty simulation promoting culturally competent care in community health nursing

The study aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of a poverty simulation in increasing understanding of and attitudes toward poverty and resulting in changes in clinical practice among nursing seniors. A poverty simulation was conducted using a diverse group of nursing professors and staff from local community agencies assuming the role of community resource providers. Students were assigned roles as members of low-income families and were required to complete tasks during a simulated month. A debriefing was held after the simulation to explore students' experiences in a simulated poverty environment. Students' understanding of and attitude toward poverty pre- and post-simulation were examined. Changes in the students' clinical experiences following the simulation were summarized into identified categories and themes. The poverty simulation led to a greater empathy for the possible experiences of low income individuals and families, understanding of barriers to health care, change in attitudes towards poverty and to those living in poverty, and changes in the students' nursing practice. Use of poverty simulation is an effective means to teach nursing students about the experience of living in poverty. The simulation experience changed nursing students' clinical practice, with students providing community referrals and initiating inter-professional collaborations.     

哮喘患者的健康行为与生活质量的相关性研究

目的测量成人哮喘患者健康行为和生活质量,并研究两者的相关性。方法研究对象为我院门诊就诊的80例哮喘患者,采用健康行为量表测量哮喘患者的健康行为,采用成人哮喘生活质量评分表测定生活质量。应用SPSS10.0处理所有数据资料。结果哮喘患者的健康行为、生活质量自评得分分别为127.08±24.14和171.75±30.86,且分别居于中等水平;经Pearson相关分析哮喘患者的健康行为与生活质量呈中度正相关(r=0.707,P<0.001)。结论在设计和实施护理干预措施时,应重视患者的压力调解、人际关系、躯体活动和心理健康,改善患者的健康行为,进而提高其生活质量。     

A public health nursing practice model: melding public health principles with the nursing process

There has been a shift in emphasis in public health from the provision of personal health services for individuals to efforts targeted at improving the health of the whole community. Many in public health nursing (PHN) have welcomed this shift, recognizing the important role PHN can play in promoting health and preventing disease for all. There continues to be a need to redefine PHN roles and practice so that public health nurses can participate more effectively. Los Angeles County Department of Health Services Public Health Nursing (LAC PHN) has developed a practice model grounded in nationally recognized components: the public health team, PHN standards of practice, the 10 Essential Public Health Services, Healthy People 2010's 10 Leading Health Indicators and additional local indicators, and the Minnesota Public Health Nursing Interventions Model. The LAC PHN Practice Model provides a conceptual framework that assists in clarifying the role of the public health nurse and presents a guide for public health practice applicable to all public health disciplines.     

Participation in health-promoting behaviour: influences on community-dwelling older Chinese people

Aim. This paper reports a study to determine the factors affecting community‐dwelling older Chinese people's health‐promoting behaviour in the domains of physical activity, healthy dietary practices and stress management, and to identify any barriers to these behaviours. Background. Previous studies have identified factors affecting different types of health‐promoting behaviours, including perceived self‐efficacy, perceived benefits and five individual characteristics (age, sex, marital status, education and perceived health) of older non‐Chinese people. However, few studies have simultaneously taken these factors into account in examining community‐dwelling Chinese older people's health‐promoting behaviour. Method. Individual face‐to‐face interviews were completed in 2002–2003 with a convenience sample of 896 community‐dwelling older Chinese people in Hong Kong aged between the ages of 60 and 98 (years mean 76). Participants had no apparent communication and cognition impairments. A structured interview schedule was used to collect the data. Results. Multiple regression analysis showed that perceived self‐efficacy, perceived benefits and sex together explained 38·4% of health‐promoting behaviour among community‐dwelling older Chinese people in Hong Kong. Fatigue during and after physical activity, enjoyment of unhealthy foods and inadequate family and peer support were the most frequently reported barriers to health‐promoting behaviour. Conclusion. When developing health promotion programmes to motivate community‐dwelling older Chinese clients to participate in health‐promoting behaviour and to minimize barriers, community nurses should include some activities to increase both the perceived self‐efficacy and perceived benefits of health‐promoting behaviour. Future studies should include more critical factors based on theories, empirical evidence and knowledge of culture with samples that are random and from more diverse community settings.