脐血来源树突状细胞体外扩增及诱导特异性抗卵巢癌免疫

目的 :研究脐血来源树突状细胞 (DC)的体外扩增及诱导特异性抗卵巢癌细胞的免疫效应。方法 :①从脐血中分离单个核细胞 (MNCs)后 ,获得单核细胞 (Mo)。粒单集落刺激因子 (GM -CSF)和白介素 4(IL - 4)诱导分化扩增 ,培养 7天后应用流式细胞仪进行表型分析。②诱导单核细胞分化的第 3天加入人卵巢癌细胞株 3A0的冻融抗原 ,共培养 4天后获得负载肿瘤抗原的成熟DC ;将致敏DC与从脐血中分离的同种异体T淋巴细胞共培养 3天 ,获得细胞毒T淋巴细胞 (CTL) ;四甲基偶氮唑蓝 (MTT)法检测CTL及上清液对人卵巢癌细胞株 3A0、人胚肾细胞株 2 93T(对照细胞 )、人肝癌细胞株HCCC - 9810的细胞毒作用。结果 :①脐血来源Mo在GM -CSF和IL - 4作用下 ,7天后可分化生成成熟的DC,高表达DC特异性抗原CD1a、CD80 (B7- 1)、CD86 (B7- 2 )、HLA -DR、CD83。②DC可负载并递呈肿瘤抗原 ,激活同种异体T淋巴细胞 ,诱导肿瘤特异性CTL产生。不同浓度CTL及上清液对卵巢癌细胞 3A0有特异性杀伤、抑制作用 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :脐血中Mo可体外分化扩增为成熟的功能性DC ,并诱导出特异性杀伤卵巢癌细胞的免疫效应。     

人脐血来源树突状细胞体外扩增及诱导特异性抗宫颈癌免疫应答

目的:研究脐血来源树突状细胞(DC)体外扩增及诱导特异性抗宫颈癌细胞的免疫效应。方法:自人脐血分离单核细胞诱导DC,制备宫颈癌细胞系CaSki冻融物作为抗原负载DC。ELISA法检测成熟DC上清中IL-12的含量,混合淋巴细胞反应(MLR)测定DC体外刺激T细胞增殖的能力,MTT法检测抗原负载DC激活的CTL对宫颈癌细胞CaSki和HeLa的杀伤作用。结果:与未经抗原负载的DC相比,抗原负载的DC刺激同种异体T细胞增殖和IL-12分泌的能力均有提高(P<0·05),激活的CTL对CaSki细胞有特异性杀伤,而此CTL对HeLa细胞无特异性杀伤。结论:宫颈癌细胞CaSki冻融抗原负载DC激活的CTL可诱导出特异性杀伤宫颈癌细胞的免疫效应。     

树突状细胞体外诱导抗卵巢癌免疫的实验研究

目的 观察人外周血树突状细胞(Dendritic cells,DC),体外能否诱导抗卵巢癌免疫应答。方法 用粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)、白介素-4(IL-4)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)从健康女性外周血分化诱导DC,以源于人卵巢癌细胞系HO-8910的肿瘤抗原粗提物冲击致敏DC,将致敏DC、同源淋巴细胞和卵巢癌细胞共育,观察负载抗原DC体外诱导淋巴细胞对HO-8910细胞的杀伤作用,同时设不同类型肿瘤细胞(Eca-109和PC-12)作为对照。MTT法测定细胞杀伤活性。结果 经卵巢癌细胞HO-8910肿瘤抗原脉冲致敏的DC能诱导淋巴细胞特异性地杀伤卵巢癌细胞。结论 用GM-CSF、IL-4和TNF-α从人外周血诱生的DC能从卵巢癌细胞HO-8910冻融物有效递呈抗原并诱导出高效而特异的抗卵巢癌免疫反应。     

6811抗独特型微抗体负载树突状细胞对卵巢癌细胞系细胞杀伤作用的体外研究

目的 用6811抗独特型微抗体体外负载树突状细胞(DC)，以期诱导出抗原特异性的抗肿瘤免疫反应。方法 分离培养HLA-A2 健康人外周血树突状细胞，培养过程中用6811微抗体负载，无关抗原F(ab)2负载及未负载组为对照。光镜、电镜下观察树突的形态；流式细胞仪检测DC表面分子表达；^3H-TdR掺入法测DC刺激自体T细胞增殖；^51Cr6h释放试验测激活的T细胞对卵巢癌细胞系的杀伤。结果 培养的树突细胞有典型形态，CD80、CD86、HLA-DR等表面分子呈高表达(分别为65％、86．2％、93．7％)；6811微抗体负载的DC不仅能刺激自体T细胞的增殖，而且其诱导的CTL细胞对HLA-A2 、OC166-9 卵巢癌细胞系HOC1A有特异性的杀伤，结论 6811抗独特型微抗体模拟卵巢癌抗原OC166-9负载树突状细胞在体外可以诱导出抗原特异性的细胞毒T细胞，为进一步研究6811微抗体对卵巢癌免疫治疗作用提供了依据。     

6B11抗独特型微抗体负载树突状细胞对卵巢癌细胞系细胞杀伤作用的体外研究

目的　用 6B1 1抗独特型微抗体体外负载树突状细胞 (DC) ,以期诱导出抗原特异性的抗肿瘤免疫反应。方法　分离培养HLA -A2 健康人外周血树突状细胞 ,培养过程中用 6B1 1微抗体负载 ,无关抗原F (ab)’2负载及未负载组为对照。光镜、电镜下观察树突的形态 ;流式细胞仪检测DC表面分子表达 ;3 H -TdR掺入法测DC刺激自体T细胞增殖 ;51 Cr 6h释放试验测激活的T细胞对卵巢癌细胞系的杀伤。结果　培养的树突细胞有典型形态 ,CD80、CD86、HLA -DR等表面分子呈高表达 (分别为 6 5 %、 86 2 %、 93 7% ) ;6B1 1微抗体负载的DC不仅能刺激自体T细胞的增殖 ,而且其诱导的CTL细胞对HLA -A2 、OC1 6 6 - 9 卵巢癌细胞系HOC1A有特异性的杀伤 ,结论　 6B1 1抗独特型微抗体模拟卵巢癌抗原OC1 6 6 - 9负载树突状细胞在体外可以诱导出抗原特异性的细胞毒T细胞 ,为进一步研究 6B1 1微抗体对卵巢癌免疫治疗作用提供了依据     

冻融抗原致敏的树突细胞对裸鼠人卵巢癌移植瘤治疗作用的研究

目的 :研究冻融抗原致敏的树突细胞 (DC)对裸鼠人卵巢癌移植瘤的治疗作用。方法 :联合应用粒性白细胞与巨噬细胞集落刺激因子 (GM CSF)及白介素 4 (IL 4 )从正常足月产妇分娩后新生儿脐血中培养出DC ,以人卵巢癌细胞系 3AO细胞冻融抗原激活DC ,测定其诱导的细胞毒性T淋巴细胞 (CTL)对 3AO的杀伤活性 ;CTL预防性接种于裸鼠皮下 ,观察裸鼠人卵巢癌移植瘤的发生率 ,以DC激活的CTL治疗裸鼠人卵巢癌移植瘤并观察治疗效果。结果 :体外抗原冲击致敏的DC能显著刺激T淋巴细胞增殖 ,其诱导的CTL对细胞系 3AO具有显著的杀伤作用 ,在效靶比为 4 0 :1、2 0 :1、10 :1、5 :1时 72h杀伤率平均分别为 90 .1%、67.4 %、4 0 .4 %、17.8%。DC激活的CTL能预防裸鼠人卵巢癌移植瘤的发生 (预防组 16.6% ,对照组 10 0 % ,P <0 .0 0 1) ,并能抑制移植瘤生长 ,对照组、治疗组移植瘤的大小分别为 (5 .6± 1.1)cm3 、(2 .7± 0 .78)cm3 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :人卵巢癌细胞冻融抗原体外冲击致敏的DC可作为一种抗癌疫苗在免疫治疗卵巢癌患者中发挥重要作用     

负载宫颈癌肿瘤裂解物的树突状细胞诱导的CTL杀伤效应

目的:利用树突状细胞(DC)递呈肿瘤抗原的生物学特性,提高细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)对宫颈癌细胞的杀伤活性。方法:联合应用重组人粒巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GMCSF)、白细胞介素4(IL4)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNFα)诱导培养宫颈癌患者外周血DC,以宫颈癌组织肿瘤相关抗原(TAA)激活DC,诱导异体T细胞增殖分化为CTL,以MTT法测定CTL增殖活性及其对宫颈癌Hela细胞株的特异性杀伤活性。结果:宫颈癌患者外周血来源DC负载宫颈癌肿瘤裂解物后,可促进CTL增殖,诱导产生的CTL对宫颈癌细胞具有高效而特异的杀伤率,且显著高于异种肿瘤细胞(P<0.05)。结论:DC能递呈宫颈癌肿瘤抗原,诱导产生抗原特异和高效的CTL,提示负载肿瘤裂解物的DC,具有为宫颈癌患者进行特异性免疫治疗的临床应用前景。     

自体或同种异体树突状细胞融合人卵巢癌细胞体外诱导抗肿瘤免疫反应

为研究树突状细胞(DC)融合人卵巢癌细胞体外诱导抗已知与未知肿瘤抗原的能力,从正常人和卵巢癌患者的外周血中分离单核细胞(MC),制备T细胞和DC;将酶分解后的原发灶与腹水的卵巢癌细胞(OVCA)与自体或同种异体DC融合制备抗原(OVCA/FC)后进行①流式细胞仪分析细胞表型;②T细胞扩增情况分析;③~(51)Cr释放法测定OVCA/FC刺激的T细胞细胞毒活性;④检测OVCA/FC刺激的细胞毒性T淋巴细胞的特异性。     

卵巢癌患者腹水来源树突状细胞强化CIK细胞对卵巢癌细胞的杀伤作用

目的:建立诱导卵巢癌患者腹水来源的树突状细胞(DC)的方法,并观察腹水DC对CIK细胞在体外杀伤卵巢癌细胞系SKOV3的作用。方法:分离腹水单核细胞后诱导DC,分离患者外周血单个核细胞诱生CIK细胞,通过流式细胞仪分析免疫表型,并以LDH释放法检测DC对CIK细胞在体外杀伤卵巢癌细胞株的作用。结果:除外周血单核细胞来源DC表达CD86较高外,其他表面分子及异基因刺激能力在不同来源的DC间没有差异。负载SKOV3抗原的DC能诱导出CIK细胞对SKOV3细胞系最强的细胞毒杀伤力,负载HO8910的DC与单纯DC次之,且两者无差异。CIK组细胞毒性最低。结论:卵巢癌患者腹水中含有大量的免疫活性细胞,其中更有丰富的DC前体细胞,可诱导出成熟有功能的DC。冻融肿瘤细胞获取全细胞抗原法可以在不明确肿瘤特异抗原的情况下使用,负载于DC后可以诱导出CIK细胞的特异性杀伤。     

白细胞介素12转染树突状细胞后与新建卵巢上皮性癌细胞融合的免疫原性研究

目的研究白细胞介素（IL）12转染入树突状细胞（DC）后,与新建卵巢上皮性癌细胞融合形成融合细胞,分析融合细胞的体外免疫杀伤效应。方法以新鲜卵巢上皮性癌组织建立卵巢上皮性癌细胞系,并进行鉴定。体外诱导产生人脐血DC。将IL-12与pcDNA3．1（＋）质粒连接后,分别通过脂质体法和电穿孔法将IL-12-pcDNA3．1（＋）质粒转染DC,再使用聚乙二酸法将新建卵巢上皮性癌细胞与转染IL-12的DC融合,用四甲基偶氮唑蓝法检测融合细胞的体外免疫杀伤效应。结果（1）形态学观察和免疫组化法检测结果均证实,新建卵巢上皮性癌细胞系为原代卵巢上皮性癌细胞。（2）人脐血培养7-10d,贴壁细胞出现大量毛刺状突起;免疫荧光染色显示,脐血DC主要组织相容性复合物Ⅱ类分子人白细胞抗原（HLA）-DR的阳性表达率为99％,共刺激分子B7-2的阳性表达率为50％。（3）RT—PCR技术检测结果证实IL—12转染DC成功。将转染IL—12的DC与新建卵巢上皮性癌细胞融合,RT—PCR技术和免疫荧光染色分析结果均证实融合细胞形成。（4）将转染IL—12的DC和新建卵巢上皮性癌的融合细胞、DC和新建卵巢上皮性癌的融合细胞分别与患者的外周血单个核细胞共同培养,激活T淋巴细胞,结果显示,两种活化后的T淋巴细胞均能杀伤新建卵巢上皮性癌细胞,且前者作用更强。结论转染IL—12后的DC与新建卵巢上皮性癌细胞融合后形成的融合细胞能激活T淋巴细胞,且其体外免疫杀伤效应更强。     

Assessment of fusion cells from patient-derived ovarian carcinoma cells and dendritic cells as a vaccine for clinical use

PURPOSE: To evaluate a protocol that allowed the successful generation of DC and OVCA cells, fusion of these two cell types and assessment of stimulatory ability of the fusion cells for clinical use. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Ovarian cancer (OVCA) cells and dendritic cells (DC) were isolated or generated from 22 patients with OVCA and subsequently fused with PEG. The stimulatory ability of fusion cells including T cell proliferation and induction of cytotocic T lymphocytes (CTL) was assessed. In addition, the impact of radiation, freezing and thawing of the fusion cells was evaluated. RESULTS: OVCA cells derived from 22 patients were successfully fused with autologous DC. The created heterokaryons expressed tumor-associated antigens, such as MUC1 and CA-125, and DC-derived MHC class II and costimulatory molecules. The fusion cells were functional in stimulating the proliferation of autologous T cells. In addition, CD4 and CD8 T cells derived from patients with ovarian cancer were stimulated by fusion cells and produced IFN-gamma as demonstrated with intracellular staining. Significantly, T cells primed by fusion cells produced MHC class I-dependent lysis of autologous ovarian tumor cells. One cycle of fusion-cell stimulation can maintain the CTL activity up to 25 days. CONCLUSIONS: The fusion of human OVCA cells and DC created immunogenic cells capable of stimulating CD4 and CD8 T cells. The effects of the processes required for preparing a vaccine for clinical use, including freezing and thawing and irradiation, do not interfere with the immunogenic properties of the fusion cells.     

卵巢癌抗独特型抗体融合蛋白细胞免疫功能的体外实验

目的 探讨卵巢癌抗独特型单链抗体与人粒细胞－巨噬细胞集落刺激因子形成的融合蛋白作为肿瘤疫苗的可能性。方法 从卵巢癌病人外周血中分离得到单个核细胞、Ｔ淋巴细胞和作为抗原呈递细胞的单核细胞,同时从病人腹水中分离得到癌细胞,分别以卵巢癌抗独特型抗体的全抗体、６Ｂ１１ＧＭ、６Ｂ１１＋ｈＧＭ－ＣＳＦ、ｈＧＭ－ＣＳＦ进行体外Ｔ淋巴细胞增殖实验和自身肿瘤细胞杀伤实验。并对６Ｂ１１和６Ｂ１１ＧＭ的作用进行比较。结     

Cytotoxic effects of T cells induced by fusion protein 6B11-pulsed dendritic cells on ovarian carcinoma cells

INTRODUCTION: 6B11 anti-idiotype minibody, a fusion protein, has been shown to mimic ovarian carcinoma associated antigen OC166-9. This study was designed to determine whether 6B11 anti-idiotype minibody-pulsed dendritic cells (DCs) can induce cytotoxic T cells against ovarian cancer cells. METHODS: Monocytes were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected from patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma (n=10). The monocytes-derived immature DCs were stimulated by cytokines, and mature DCs were pulsed with 6B11 anti-idiotype-minibody or murine F(ab)'2 fragments. The proliferation of autologous T cells induced by DCs was determined by 3H-thymidine uptake. The cytotoxicity of DC-activated T cells against autologous carcinoma cells was determined by 51Cr-release assay. RESULTS: Purified T cells demonstrated strong proliferation following incubation with 6B11 anti-idiotype minibody-pulsed DCs in 4 of 10 patients. The specific cytotoxicity of purified T cells against autologous carcinoma cells was induced after stimulation with 6B11 anti-idiotype minibody-pulsed DCs in 5 of 10 patients with cytotoxic effects ranging from 25 to 95%. In contrast, isotype murine F(ab)'2 fragments-pulsed DCs did not induce T cell proliferation and cytotoxicity against the targets. Additionally, the cytotoxic effect was partially inhibited by anti-MHC class-I antibody indicating that the cytotoxic effects are antigen-specific. CONCLUSION: 6B11 anti-idiotype-antibody-pulsed DCs can induce T cell proliferation and T cell-mediated cytotoxicity against autologous ovarian tumor cells in vitro. The cytotoxic effects of T cells against autologous tumor cells are antigen-specific. These data implicate the rationale for the use of 6B11 anti-idiotype minibody as immunotherapy against ovarian carcinoma.     

Induction of ovarian tumor-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes by acid-eluted peptide-pulsed autologous dendritic cells

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the potential of dendritic cells pulsed with acid-eluted peptides derived from autologous ovarian cancer cells for eliciting a tumor-specific cytotoxic T cell response in women with advanced ovarian cancer. METHODS: CD8+ T lymphocytes derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated in vitro with autologous ovarian tumor peptide-pulsed dendritic cells were tested for their ability to induce an HLA class I-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte response against autologous tumor cells. To correlate cytotoxic activity by cytotoxic T lymphocytes with T cell phenotype, we used two-color flow cytometric analysis of surface markers and intracellular cytokine expression (interferon-gamma versus interleukin-4). RESULTS: CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses against autologous ovarian tumor cells were elicited in three consecutive women who had advanced ovarian cancer. Although cytotoxic T lymphocyte populations from all women expressed strong cytolytic activity against autologous tumor cells, they did not lyse autologous lymphoblasts or Epstein-Barr virus-transformed cell lines, and they showed negligible cytotoxicity against the natural killer-sensitive cell line K-562. Cytotoxicity against the autologous tumor cells was significantly inhibited by anti-HLA class I (W6/32) and anti-HLA-A2 (BB7-2) monoclonal antibodies. CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes expressed variable levels of CD56 and preferentially expressed interferon-gamma rather than interleukin-4. CONCLUSIONS: Peptide-pulsed dendritic cells induced specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes that killed autologous tumor cells from women with advanced ovarian cancer. This finding might contribute to the development of active or adoptive immunotherapy for residual or resistant ovarian cancer after standard surgery and cytotoxic treatment.     

大鼠骨髓树突状细胞的分离和培养

目的:探讨体外分离和培养大鼠源性树突状细胞的方法,及其经卵巢肿瘤提取物致敏后在体内诱发抗肿瘤免疫效应。方法:(1)取大鼠骨髓悬液,经Tris-NH4Cl裂解红细胞后得到大鼠骨髓单个核细胞;(2)应用大鼠重组粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(rrGM-CSF)、大鼠重组白细胞介素4(rrIL-4)、大鼠重组肿瘤坏死因子-α(rrTNF-α)进行体外培养;(3)培养第5天时加入NuTu-19 Fischer 344大鼠卵巢肿瘤细胞提取物,获得负载卵巢肿瘤提取物的树突状细胞;(4)体内实验检测DC诱发抗肿瘤免疫效力。结果:(1)大鼠骨髓来源的骨髓单个核细胞(bone marrow mononuclear cells,BMMNC)在相关细胞因子作用下可培养出成熟的树突状细胞;(2)体内实验表明,预先免疫的大鼠肿瘤出现时间较晚,肿瘤生长速度较慢,与对照组有显著差异(P<0.05),抑瘤率59.4%;治疗组大鼠在实验过程中肿瘤体积小,最终肿瘤质量轻,与对照组有显著差异(P<0.05),与先行免疫组无明显差异(P>0.05),抑瘤率69.3%。结论:大鼠骨髓来源的BMMNC可培养出成熟的树突状细胞。DC可负载并提呈肿瘤提取物,体内实验显示肿瘤提取物致敏的树突状细胞可以杀伤肿瘤细胞。     

Human monoclonal antibodies directed against ovarian carcinoma

In order to obtain human monoclonal antibodies for immunodetection or treatment of ovarian carcinoma, we generated hybridomas by fusing peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with ovarian carcinoma and the mouse myeloma cell line X63.Ag8.653. The patients were immunized prior to collection of peripheral blood lymphocytes with autologous tumor cells admixed with New Castle Disease Virus. Immunocytologic studies of hybridoma supernatant with tumor cells fixed with methanol and air-dried tumor cells indicated that all 14 antibodies reactive with tumor cells were directed against cytoplasmic or nuclear antigens. One hybridoma designated as 1B3 was very stable and secreted a specific IgM antibody. This cell line expanded in nude mice and the monoclonal antibody 1B3 was effectively purified from ascites or supernatant fluid. In experiments with tissue sections partly derived from the patient whose peripheral blood lymphocytes were used for fusion, biotinylated 1B3 recognized ovarian tumor cells. There was no significant cross-reaction against normal tissue from stomach, small intestine, colon, lung, kidney, endometrium, placenta, or lymph node. Mammary carcinoma preparations were also stained by 1B3 while normal breast tissue was negative.