间接法MRI膝关节造影对半月板撕裂的评价

目的　评价间接法MRI膝关节造影对半月板撕裂的诊断价值。方法　回顾性分析 75例常规MRI膝关节扫描和 6 4例间接法MRI膝关节造影病例资料 ,以膝关节镜检查为诊断金标准 ,对比分析常规MRI和间接法MRI膝关节造影对半月板撕裂的诊断。结果　间接法MRI膝关节造影对内侧半月板撕裂的诊断敏感性、特异性、准确性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为 72 %,10 0 %,89.1%,10 0 %和 84.8%;对外侧半月板撕裂分别为 83.8%,90 .9%,87.5 %,89.6 %和 85 .7%。与常规MRI比较 ,间接法MRI膝关节造影对内外侧半月板撕裂的诊断能力都没有统计学差异。结论　尽管间接法MRI膝关节造影对内外侧半月板撕裂诊断价值很高 ,但与常规MRI比较没有统计学差异。     

MRI水脂分离序列成像对膝关节半月板损伤的诊断价值

目的 :探讨MRI水脂分离技术——扰相梯度回波水脂分离T2WI(简称FatSepG-WFT2*)序列对膝关节半月板损伤的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析MRI诊断的62例372个半月板区域的相关资料,以关节镜诊断为金标准,对结果行统计学分析。用χ2检验比较不同MRI序列对膝关节半月板损伤的差异。采用Kappa检验分析MRI诊断半月板撕裂与关节镜诊断的一致性。采用χ2检验分析MRI对内外侧半月板撕裂部位诊断准确性的差异。结果:以关节镜结果作为标准,MRI FatSepG-WFT2*序列诊断半月板撕裂的准确度为94%(350/372)、敏感度为93%(140/149),特异度为94%(210/223),对诊断半月板撕裂有较好的有效性(K=0.877)。结论 :MRI FatSepG-WFT2*序列较常规MRI序列具有更高的敏感性和特异性,两者结合可提高低场强MRI对膝关节病变的检出率。MRI是诊断膝关节半月板损伤的有效手段,与关节镜有较好的一致性,两者结合具有更好的诊断和治疗效果。     

MRI检查膝关节半月板桶柄样撕裂的临床价值分析

目的探讨MRI在膝关节半月板桶柄样撕裂诊断中的临床应用价值。方法对我院经关节镜证实为膝关节半月板损伤患者62例进行MRI检查。结果双前角征、髁间碎片征、双后交叉韧带征、领结消失征等四个征象对内侧半月板桶柄样撕裂的诊断敏感性分别为61.54%、92.31%、38.46%、76.92%,特异性均为100.00%。双前角征、髁间碎片征、双后交叉韧带征、领结消失征等四个征象对外侧半月板桶柄样撕裂的诊断敏感性分别为23.53%、47.06%、0.00%、70.59%。在28例膝关节半月板桶柄样撕裂中,有22例在MRI上出现了两种以上的征象,总体诊断敏感性为78.57%。对比分析发现内侧半月板桶柄样撕裂在双前角征、髁间碎片征、双后交叉韧带征等征象下诊断敏感性明显高于外侧半月板,且差异具有统计学意义。髁间碎片征是诊断内侧半月板桶柄样撕裂敏感性最高的征象(92.31%),特异性达100.00%。结论 MRI是诊断膝关节半月板桶柄样撕裂的有效方法,其对内侧半月板桶柄样撕裂的敏感性及特异性较外侧高,髁间碎片征对诊断内侧半月板桶柄样撕裂的来说最具价值,而外侧半月板桶柄样撕裂则很难利用该征象进行确诊。双前角征在诊断外侧半月板桶柄样撕裂时敏感性低,特异性高,而领结消失征则是敏感性高,特异性低,仅能作为诊断参考。     

MRI与关节镜诊断半月板损伤价值的对照研究

目的 分析MRI诊断半月板损伤的价值,为临床诊断和治疗半月板损伤提供依据.资料与方法 符合纳入标准的168例患者(均为单膝半月板受损),共336个半月板.对膝关节进行术前MRI检查,并于MRI检查后8周内行关节镜术.半月板损伤的MRI分级标准参考Fischer分级法,分为Ⅰ级损伤、Ⅱ级损伤、Ⅲ级损伤;关节镜分级,分为正常、纤毛化和撕裂.结果 与关节镜结果对照,MRI诊断半月板Ⅰ、Ⅱ级损伤的准确性分别为100%、92.9%.诊断半月板撕裂的敏感性、特异性、阳性似然比、准确性、Kappa值分别为93.1%、89.3%、8.7、91.1%、0.82.对半月板撕裂类型诊断总的灵敏性、特异性、阳性似然比、准确性、Kappa值分别为92.0%、79.8%、4.6、84.8%和0.70.结论 MRI不仅能够准确评价半月板损伤程度,而且还能对半月板撕裂进行准确分型.因此,MRI可广泛应用于半月板损伤性疾病的诊断,并进一步指导临床治疗方案的选择.     

MRI与关节镜诊断半月板损伤临床表现的对比分析

目的 探讨MRI和关节镜检查半月板损伤的诊断价值。方法 收集40例我院接受诊断与治疗的膝关节损伤患者的MRI图像,以关节镜诊断为标准,计算MRI诊断的敏感性、特异性、准确性。结果 本组40例膝关节,左膝18例,右膝22例,共80个半月板。MRI表现为Ⅰ度损伤9个,Ⅱ度损伤15个,Ⅲ度损伤56个。MRI诊断半月板撕裂56个,其中外侧半月板35,内侧半月板21个,关节镜证实半月板撕裂50个,其中外侧半月板32,内侧半月板18个,其余6个半月板关节镜下肉眼未见明显撕裂。24个半月板MRI诊断无撕裂者中,关节镜下证实有3个半月板撕裂并进行部分切除。以关节镜检查为标准,MRI对半月板撕裂诊断的敏感性为94.3%,特异性为77.8%,准确性为88.8%,MRI诊断与关节镜结果差异无统计学意义（x^2=0.44,P〉0.05）。结论 MRI对半月板撕裂具有较高的诊断价值。而关节镜检查为最终确诊半月板损伤提供了清晰的镜像和依据,两者相互补充才能得到更好的临床效果。     

膝关节半月板后根部撕裂的MRI评价

目的 探讨MRI对膝关节半月板后根部撕裂的价值.方法 回顾分析经关节镜证实的30例半月板后根部撕裂患者(17例累及内侧半月板,13例累及外侧半月板)的MRI表现,分析MRI对半月板后根部撕裂的诊断敏感度,MRI对内侧、外侧半月板后根部撕裂的检出比例比较采用Fisher确切概率法检验.结果 30例半月板后根部撕裂患者中,MRI正确诊断26例(包括17例内侧半月板后根部撕裂和9例外侧半月板后根部撕裂),诊断敏感度为86.7%(26/30).半月板后根部撕裂的MRI表现主要为后根部形态失常,代之以异常高信号影.MRI对内侧半月板后根部撕裂的检出比例(17/17)明显高于外侧(9/13)(P=0.026).内侧半月板后根部撕裂合并半月板脱位的发生比例(15/17)明显高于外侧(6/13)(P=0.020),但并发前交叉韧带损伤的发生比例(5/17)则明显低于外侧(11/13)(P=0.004).结论 MRI是诊断半月板后根部撕裂及伴发损伤的较好方法.     

磁共振SWI序列在膝关节半月板撕裂上的应用研究

目的研究膝关节磁敏感加权成像(SWI)对膝关节半月板撕裂的诊断效能。方法 34例临床怀疑膝关节半月板损伤的患者,术前行3T磁共振常规序列包含T_2WI,增加SWI序列扫描。两名骨关节的放射科医师以T_2WI序列和SWI序列分别对半月板进行分析诊断,第一次诊断后的半个月再次分别独立对半月板进行分析诊断。以膝关节镜为金标准,分别计算T_2WI和SWI两次诊断半月板撕裂的平均敏感性、特异性和准确性,分析其一致性。结果 T_2WI和SWI诊断膝关节半月板撕裂的平均敏感性、特异性和准确性如下:T_2WI—医师1,90%,92.3%和91.5%;医师2,84.4%,89%和87.5%;SWI—医师1,87.8%,95.6%和93%;医师2,87.8%,92.3%和90.8%。两位医师T_2WI和SWI两次诊断半月板撕裂具有自身极好的一致性(T_2WI医师1,k=0.854;医师2,k=0.819;SWI医师1,k=0.882;医师2,k=0.820)。两位医师运用T_2WI和SWI诊断半月板撕裂具有极好的一致性(T_2WI,k=0.967;SWI,k=0.885)。T_2WI和SWI诊断半月板撕裂的诊断效果无显著性差异(医师1,P=0.99,医师2,P=0.25)。结论磁共振SWI序列在膝关节半月板撕裂的临床诊断具有一定的意义。     

急性前交叉韧带撕裂患者股骨外侧髁切迹征与半月板撕裂的关系

目的:探讨MRI显示急性前交叉韧带撕裂患者异常加深的股骨外侧髁压迹与半月板撕裂间的关系。方法 :选取180例急性膝关节外伤行MRI检查诊断为前交叉韧带撕裂的患者,测量股骨外侧髁压迹的深度,观察内、外侧半月板撕裂情况。统计分析股骨外侧髁切迹征(深度 2 mm)与半月板撕裂的关系。结果:180例中,48例股骨外侧髁切迹征阳性,其中外侧半月板撕裂19例(39.58%),内侧半月板撕裂9例(18.75%),内、外侧半月板同时撕裂2例(4.17%);132例股骨外侧髁切迹征阴性,其中外侧半月板撕裂4例(3.03%),内侧半月板撕裂7例(5.30%)。股骨外侧髁切迹征合并外侧半月板撕裂比例高于合并内侧半月板撕裂(P=0.025)。股骨外侧髁切迹征合并内、外侧半月板撕裂比例均明显高于阴性患者(P=0.005,P=0.000)。结论:股骨外侧髁切迹征是前交叉韧带断裂的间接征象,与外侧半月板撕裂密切相关。     

膝关节半月板撕裂的MRI诊断

目的 探讨膝关节半月板撕裂的MRI诊断价值.方法 收集并分析经关节镜证实的60例膝关节半月板撕裂的MRI表现,并参考Stoller分级方法,提出半月板损伤的4级分法.结果 60例65个半月板撕裂中,内侧撕裂15个,外侧撕裂40个,两侧同时撕裂5例10个.合并外侧盘状半月板15个.MRI诊断准确率为90.8%.39例出现合并症,伴随病变有韧带撕裂,骨挫伤,关节积液,骨折,半月板囊肿等.结论 MRI能够准确诊断半月板撕裂,还能发现多种合并症.     

半月板损伤的MRI诊断与关节镜对照研究

目的：评价MRI对半月板损伤的诊断价值,为临床诊断和治疗半月板损伤提供可靠的影像学依据。方法：对138例拟行关节镜术的膝关节疼痛患者进行术前MRI检查,并于MRI检查后2周内行关节镜术。结果：符合纳入标准的84例患者中,与关节镜结果对照,MRI诊断半月板Ⅰ级损伤、Ⅱ级损伤的符合率分别为100%和91.1%;诊断半月板撕裂的敏感度、特异度、符合率、Kappa值分别为91.5%、90.7%、91.1%和0.82;对半月板撕裂类型诊断的敏感度、特异度、符合率和Kappa值分别为90.9%、85.7%、88.1%和0.76。结论：与关节镜比较,MRI显示半月板Ⅰ、Ⅱ级损伤时的内部信号改变更敏感。MRI诊断半月板撕裂,与关节镜结果具有极好的一致性,并能准确评价半月板撕裂类型。MRI检查可作为评价半月板损伤的首选方法,对半月板损伤临床治疗方案的选择具有重要指导意义。     

低场强磁共振成像诊断半月板撕裂的准确性研究

目的验证低场强磁共振成像(MRI)诊断半月板撕裂的准确性．方法171例患者经低场强MRI检查，显示半月板损伤的情况，后经过关节镜诊断，分别记录检查结果，并进行比较。结果低场强MRI对内外侧半月板撕裂诊断准确度分别为95．9l％、95．9l％，敏感度分别为95．60％、96．47％，特异度分别为96．25％、95．35％。结论低场强MRI对半月板撕裂的诊断有很高的准确性，同时有良好的性价比。     

Prediction of reparability of isolated semilunar lateral meniscus tears by magnetic resonance imaging

Sixty-one menisci in 60 patients who underwent preoperative MRI and subsequent arthroscopic operation for symptomatic isolated semilunar lateral meniscus tears were evaluated. The MRI criterion of reparability was the presence of a longitudinal or oblique high signal intensity line within 3 mm meniscosynovial junction without a high signal intensity area in the meniscal body, and the criterion of irreparability was high signal intensity line greater than 5 mm from the meniscosynovial junction and/or abnormal high intensity area in the meniscal body. Perioperatively the menisci were repaired for longitudinal unstable tears located at the outer one-half and were excised for other type of tears. Consequently 30 menisci were repaired, and 31 menisci underwent menisectomy. Overall, MRI was useful for detecting the meniscus tears in 42 (69%). The accuracy and sensitivity of MRI in predicting reparability were 91% and 33%; for predicting irreparability the respective values were 90% and 90%. The findings of this retrospective study suggest that MRI is not always useful in predicting reparability of the symptomatic isolated lateral semilunar meniscus tears, and that the most symptomatic cases with normal MRI are reparable.     

Magnetic resonance diagnosis of meniscal tears in patients with acute anterior cruciate ligament tears

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of meniscal tear in patients with acute anterior cruciate ligament tears. METHODS: Magnetic resonance images obtained from 41 patients imaged within 6 weeks of injury who had acute anterior cruciate ligament tears identified at arthroscopy were retrospectively reviewed for meniscal tear. RESULTS: With MR imaging the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for diagnosing meniscal tears in the presence of acute anterior cruciate ligament tears were 71%, 93%, and 88%; for the lateral meniscal tears were 57%, 100% and 85%; and for the medial meniscal tears were 100%, 88%, 90%. All false negative cases (n = 6) involved the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus. CONCLUSION: In the presence of acute anterior cruciate ligament tears, MRI imaging has relatively low sensitivity for detecting meniscal tears due to missed tears in the lateral meniscus.     

Meniscal tears: role of axial MRI alone and in combination with other imaging planes

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of standard axial MR images alone in the diagnosis of meniscal tears of the knee and in combination with other imaging planes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-two patients (55 men, seven women; age range, 23-68 years) with a prior MRI examination who underwent arthroscopic surgery of the knee during a 1-year period were included in the study group. Images were independently reviewed for identification of meniscal tears by two musculoskeletal radiologists blinded to arthroscopic findings. Sequences for meniscal evaluation included axial fat-saturated fast spin-echo proton density, coronal fat-saturated fast spin-echo proton density, and sagittal fast spin-echo proton density with 4- to 5-mm slice thicknesses. Imaging groups for evaluation were axial, coronal, sagittal, axial and sagittal, axial and coronal, and coronal and sagittal. Observers reported a confidence level for the presence or absence of meniscal tear in all imaging groups based on a 5-point scale. Statistical analysis considered medial and lateral menisci separately. RESULTS: Forty patients had medial meniscal tears, and 16 had lateral meniscal tears at arthroscopy. For medial and lateral meniscal tears, the accuracy (79% and 71%, respectively) of imaging in the axial plane was comparable to other imaging groups but the mean confidence levels (2.82 and 3.00, respectively) were low. In one patient, the axial plane alone correctly showed that no tear was present. No statistically significant difference was observed between imaging plane groups of both menisci in the diagnosis of meniscal tears (p > 0.05). The axial plane increased the accuracy of sagittal and coronal planes of lateral meniscus when combined. CONCLUSION: In standard knee MRI examinations, the axial imaging plane may be valuable for the detection and characterization of meniscal tears.     

The value of magnetic resonance imaging in our current management of ACL and meniscal injuries

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is frequently used in the diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and meniscal injuries. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the reliability and value of MRI in our management of ACL and meniscal tears. 138 patients who had undergone a MRI to confirm or refute the clinical diagnosis of an ACL or meniscal tear were identified. Those who had subsequently undergone arthroscopy were selected. MRI findings and clinical diagnosis were compared with those at arthroscopy. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and overall accuracy of clinical diagnosis and MRI were then calculated. The overall accuracy for MRI was 91, 68 and 86% for detecting ACL, medial meniscal and lateral meniscal tears, respectively. Accuracy for clinical diagnosis was 90 and 64% for ACL and meniscal tears, respectively. In contrast to other series, our results indicate a lower accuracy of MRI in detecting pathology, especially of the ACL and medial meniscus. We noted a low sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value but a high negative predictive value rendering MRI most useful as a negative diagnostic tool. We suggest that where symptoms and clinical findings support one of these diagnoses and arthroscopic therapeutic intervention is contemplated, that MRI scanning is not always beneficial. Our current practice of requesting scans to routinely confirm the diagnosis should be altered. Unnecessary MRI scanning increases the financial burden and delays patient treatment. No funding has been received from any sources and no conflicts of interests are stated in the submission of this article.     

Value of modern sonography in the assessment of meniscal lesions

The aim of this prospective study was to assess the accuracy of modern ultrasonography in diagnostic imaging of meniscal tears. One hundred and sixty menisci were evaluated in 80 patients (42 females, 38 males, mean age=36.2 years, range=16-70 years). Inclusion criteria for the study were twofold: clinical suspicion of meniscal injury and clinical indication for arthroscopy. Knee examination was performed with the Voluson 730 Expert ultrasound system (General Electric). After sonographic examination, all patients underwent arthroscopic procedures within 1-4 days. The final diagnosis of meniscal tears was taken from surgical reports. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of sonographic examination in the assessment of meniscal tears amounted to 85.4%, 85.7%, 67.3% and 94.4%, respectively. The statistical parameters were not statistically different in medial and lateral menisci. Age, sex, body mass index (BMI), weight, physical activity, mechanism on injury, and time lapse from injury did not have a statistically significant impact on the usefulness of ultrasonography. The highest sensitivity (>90%) was obtained in medial menisci and in patients with a BMI>25. The highest specificity (>90%) was obtained in lateral menisci, in patients after twisting injuries, in sports injuries, and in recent injuries (time lapse from the injury <1 month). The positive predictive value (PPV) of sonographic examination was higher than 90% only in recent injuries (<1 month), however, the negative predictive value of ultrasound is high, being less than 90% in males with lesions of lateral menisci and in sequelae of sports injuries.     

Contribution of thin-slice (1 mm) axial proton density MR images for identification and classification of meniscal tears: correlative study with arthroscopy

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of thin-slice (1 mm) axial proton density-weighted (PDW) MRI of the knee for meniscal tear detection and classification. Methods We prospectively assessed pre-operative MR images of 58 patients (41 males, 17 females; age range 18-62 years) with arthroscopically confirmed meniscal tear. First, we evaluated the performance of the sagittal and thin-slice axial MR images for the diagnosis of meniscal tears. Second, we compared the correlation of tear types presumed from sagittal and axial MRI with arthroscopy and tear classification from axial MRI. Tears were classified on the sagittal plane and the axial plane separately. The diagnostic performance and tear classification were compared statistically with arthroscopy results, which is accepted as the standard of reference. Results 8 of 58 patients were removed from the study group because they had complex or degenerative tears. A total of 62 tears were detected with arthroscopy in 50 patients. On the sagittal images, sensitivity and specificity values were 90.62% and 70.37%, respectively, for medial meniscus tears and 72.73% and 77.14%, respectively, for lateral meniscus tears. The corresponding values for axial images were 97.30% and 84.00%, respectively, for medial meniscus tears and 95.65% and 80.50%, respectively, for lateral meniscus tears. There was no significant difference in tear classification between the arthroscopy results and the thin-slice axial PDW MRI results (p>0.05). Conclusion thin-slice axial PDW MRI increases the sensitivity and specificity of meniscal tear detection and especially classification, which is important for surgical procedure decisions.     

Three Tesla MRI for the diagnosis of meniscal and anterior cruciate ligament pathology: a comparison to arthroscopic findings

AIM: To assess the accuracy of 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the evaluation of meniscal and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-one consecutive patients were identified who were referred for evaluation of suspected intra-articular pathology with a 3T MRI and who, subsequently, underwent an arthroscopic procedure of the knee were included for the study. Two musculoskeletal radiologists interpreted the images. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were then calculated for the MRI versus the arthroscopic findings as a reference standard. RESULTS: The sensitivity and specificity for the overall detection of meniscal tears in this study was 84 and 93%, respectively. The results for the medial meniscus separately were 91 and 93% and for the lateral 77 and 93%. The evaluation of ACL integrity was 100% sensitive and specific. The meniscal tear type was correctly identified in 75% of cases and its location in 94%. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates good results of 3T MRI in the evaluation of the injured knee. Caution should still be given to the interpretation on MRI of a lateral meniscus tear, and it is suggested that the standard diagnostic criteria of high signal reaching the articular surface on two consecutive image sections be adhered to even at these higher field strengths.