人参二醇组皂甙对心肌缺血再灌注犬心功能保护作用的研究

目的：观察人参二醇组皂甙对心肌缺血再灌注损伤犬心功能的保护作用。方法：１２只杂种犬随机分为人参二醇组皂甙治疗组（ＰＤＳ）和生理盐水对照组（ＮＳ）。结扎冠状动脉左前降支使心肌缺血，９０ｍｉｎ后恢复血流，复制缺血再灌注损伤模型。分别于缺血即刻静脉滴注ＰＤＳ（２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ）和１００ｍｌ生理盐水。结果：ＰＤＳ组缺血再灌注后ＬＶＳＰ、±ｄｐ／ｄｔｍａｘ、ＣＯ、ＣＩ、ＳＩ均显著高于ＮＳ组，而ＬＶＳＰ和ＴＰＶＲ则明显低于ＮＳ组。结论：提示ＰＤＳ具有保护缺血再灌注损伤心肌心功能的作用。     

无症状冠同与冠心病心绞痛时2—DE测定心功能结果分析

目的：用２－－ＤＥ测定无着状性冠心病及冠心病伴有心绞前时功能情况。方法：用美国ＨＰ ＳＯＮＯＳ１０００多普勒超声诊断显像仪分别测定两组ＳＶ、ＣＯ、ＳＶＩ、ＬＶＥＦ,测定两组伴有心力衰竭时ＳＶ、ＣＯ、ＣＩ、ＳＶＩ、ＬＶＥＦ参数值。结果：４６例无症状组ＣＯ〈５．２Ｌ／ｍｉｎ２０例（４３．５％）,５０例伴有心绞痛组ＣＯ〈５．２１Ｌ／ｍｉｎ３４例（６８．０％）,Ｘ＾２＝５．８５４,Ｐ〈０．０５。其余各项心     

红细胞作载体的超氧化物歧化酶用于脑缺血－再灌注研究

研究用红细胞（ＲＢＣ）作为超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）载体的可行性，将包载ＳＯＤ的ＲＢＣ（ＲＢＣ－ＳＯＤ）用于家兔脑缺血－再灌注（Ｉ－Ｒ）模型研究。采用５１Ｃｒ标记测量ＲＢＣ的循环半寿期（　），兔自身ＲＢＣ的，ＲＢＣ－ＳＯＤ的ＲＢＣ－ＳＯＤ对脑Ｉ－Ｒ期间脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）的升高有一定程度的抑制作用。对照组再灌１０ｍｉｎ时，血浆一氧化氮（ＮＯ）浓度达最高；对照组和游离ＳＯＤ组从缺血１０ｍｉｎ到再灌２７０ｍｉｎ，ＮＯ浓度逐渐回落；但ＲＢＣ－ＳＯＤ组在２７０ｍｉｎ的再灌期间，ＮＯ始终处于持续较高浓度状态。提示完整的ＲＢＣ－ＳＯＤ载体能够清除脑Ｉ－Ｒ时产生的超氧阴离子自由基（　）。     

吸入一氧化氮对兔肺缺血再灌注损伤的影响

目的探讨吸入一氧化氮（ＮＯ）对兔肺再灌注损伤的影响，并研究肺缺血再灌注损伤的机制。方法４０只健康新西兰大白兔随机分成４组，每组１０只，Ⅰ组未缺血；Ⅱ组未缺血＋吸入ＮＯ；Ⅲ组缺血再灌注；Ⅳ组缺血再灌注＋吸入ＮＯ。兔麻醉后，气管切开，插入气管导管，连结呼吸机并行机械通气。通过阻断左肺门使左肺缺血６０ｍｉｎ后，随即阻断右肺门，造成左肺单侧再灌注２４０ｍｉｎ的肺热缺血再灌注模型。Ⅱ、Ⅳ组在阻断右肺门前５ｍｉｎ吸入ＮＯ５０ｐｐｍ。再灌注２４０ｍｉｎ连续动态观察动脉氧分压（ＰａＯ２）、动脉二氧化碳分压（ＰａＣＯ２）、肺泡动脉氧分压差（Ａ－ａＤＯ２）、肺内动静脉分流（Ｑｓ／Ｑｔ）、肺动脉压（ＰＡ）、肺血管阻力（ＰＶＲ）、ＮＯ－２／ＮＯ－３、内皮素（ＥＴ）、高铁血红蛋白、外周白细胞数、中性粒细胞的ＣＤ１８表达。测定肺湿／干重比例、肺组织丙二醛，观察肺组织病理形态的变化。采用免疫组化检测再灌注肺一氧化氮合酶（ＮＯＳ）表达变化。结果（１）吸入ＮＯ不影响正常兔肺气体交换和血流动力学及ＣＤ１８在血液中性粒细胞的表达。正常肺组织未见诱导型一氧化氮合酶（ｉＮＯＳ）表达，内皮型一氧化氮合酶（ｅＮＯＳ）在内皮细胞上正常表达。（２）再灌注开     

雷尼替丁对支气管哮喘患者气道反应性的影响

通过食管吞钡Ｘ线及食管内窥镜检查选择支气管哮喘（简称哮喘）伴胃食管反流疾病（ＧＥＲＤ）者１３例（ＧＥＲＤ阴性组），哮喘不伴ＧＥＲＤ者１４例（ＧＥＲＤ阴性组），均给予口服雷尼替丁，每次１５０ｍｇ，每日２次，疗程８周。结果显示：雷尼替丁治疗后，ＧＥＲＤ阴性组哮喘临床积分显著增高。ＦＶＣ％Ｐｒｅｄ、ＦＥＶ１、ＦＥＶ１／ＦＶＣ、Ｖ５０、Ｖ２５、组胺ＰＣ２０－ＦＥＶ１，均显著降低；ＧＥＲＤ阳性哮喘临床积分显著降低，ＶＣ、ＶＣ％Ｐｒｅｄ、ＦＶＣ、ＦＶＣ％Ｐｒｅｄ、ＦＥＶ１、ＦＥＶ１／ＦＶＣ、Ｖ５０、Ｖ２５、组胺ＰＣ２０－ＦＥＶ１、均显著增高。表明雷尼替丁对哮喘患者气道反应性的影响与患者是否合并ＧＥＲＤ有关。     

联合应用吸入一氧化氮和肺表面活性物质治疗兔急性呼吸窘迫综合征

探讨联合应用吸入一氧化氮（ＩＮＯ）和肺表面活性物质（ＰＳ）对实验性急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ＡＲＤＳ）的治疗作用。方法油酸诱发新西兰兔ＡＲＤＳ模型后，分组（ｎ＝９）进行机械通气治疗６ｈ：（１）对照组；（２）ＮＯ组（２０×１０－６）；（３）ＰＳ组（１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ）；（４）ＰＳ＋ＩＮＯ组（ＰＳＮＯ组）。于基础状态、治疗前和治疗后测定动态胸肺总顺应性（Ｃｄｙｎ）、ＰａＯ２／ＦｉＯ２、肺内静动脉分流Ｑｓ／Ｑｔ）。实验结束时测定肺灌洗液总磷脂（ＴＰＬ）、最小表面张力（γｍｉｎ），肺湿干重比（Ｗ／Ｄ）和肺泡扩张度（Ｖｖ）。结果治疗后对照组肺功能呈下降趋势，ＮＯ组Ｃｄｙｎ无变化，ＰＳ组Ｃｄｙｎ显著增加，ＮＯ组和ＰＳ组ＰａＯ２／ＦｉＯ２和Ｑｓ／Ｑｔ均较对照组明显改善（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＰＳＮＯ组Ｃｄｙｎ变化与ＰＳ组相近，但ＰａＯ２／ＦｉＯ２较ＮＯ组和ＰＳ组进一步增加（Ｐ＜０．０５），Ｑｓ／Ｑｔ进一步降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）。与对照组和ＮＯ组比较，ＰＳＮＯ组和ＰＳ组ＴＰＬ和Ｖｖ明显增加（Ｐ＜０．０１），γｍｉｎ和Ｗ／Ｄ显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论联合应用ＩＮＯ和ＰＳ对于实验性ＡＲＤＳ具有协同治疗效果。     

输精管结扎对家兔心功能及心肌NE含量的影响

本实验用日本大耳白兔复制输精管结扎的长期动物模型，分为结扎２５月组（ＶＧ２５），同龄假手术２５月组（ＳＯＧ２５）；结扎６月组（ＶＧ６），同龄假手术６月组（ＳＯＧ６）。记录各组家兔心功能，检测心肌及血清ＮＥ含量，称取心重（ＷＨ）。结果表明，左心室收缩期末压（ＬＶＳＰ），ＶＧ略高于ＳＯＧ；左心室舒张末压（ＬＶＥＤＰ），Ｖ６２５显著的低于ＳＯＧ２５Ｐ＜０．０５），ＶＧ６与５ＯＧ６比较虽无显著差异，也呈低值；±ｄｐ／ｄｔｍａｘ，ＶＧ均明显高于ＳＯＧ（Ｐ＜０．０１）。相关检验表明，＋ｄｐ／ｄｔｍａｘ与血清及心肌ＮＥ含量无相关性；心重与＋ｄｐ／ｄｔｍａｘ呈明显正相关，Ｐ＜０．０５；在２５月组，ＬＶＳＰ与＋ｄｐ／ｄｔｍａｘ呈正相关，Ｐ＜０．０５。提示输精管结扎可提高心肌收缩功能。     

交感神经系统活动在扩张型心肌病心衰发病机理中作用探讨

检测２７人次的血浆去甲明上腺素（ＮＥ）、异丙肾上素敏感试验（ＩＣＤ２５）及ＬＶＥＦ、ＣＯ、ＣＩ、ＳＶ。结果示：ＮＥ与ＬＶＥＦ、ＣＯ、ＣＩ、ＳＶ呈负相关；ＩＣＤ２５与ＬＶＥＦ、ＣＯ、ＣＩ呈相关；ＮＥ与ＩＣＤ２５呈正相关。１０例扩张型心肌病（ＤＣＭ）接受美托洛尔治疗，治疗后心功能改善，血浆ＮＥ下降，ＩＣＤ２５下降。本结果显示：交感神经系统的过度兴奋在ＤＣＭ心衰的发病机理中，起不良影响。     

人参二醇组皂甙对心肌缺血再灌注犬心功能保护作用的研究

目的：观察人参二醇组皂甙对心肌缺血再灌注损伤犬心功能的保护作用。方法：１２只杂种犬随机分为人参二醇组皂甙治疗组（ＰＤＳ）和生理盐水对照组（ＮＳ）。结扎冠状动脉左前降珐使心肌缺血，９０ｍｉｎ后恢复充，复制缺血再灌注损伤模型。分别于血即刻静脉滴注ＰＤＳ和１００ｍｌ生理盐水。结果：ＰＤＳ组缺血再灌注后ＬＶＳＰ、±ｄｐ／ｄｔｍａｘ、ＣＯ、ＣＩ、Ｓｉ均显高于ＮＳ组，而ＬＶＳＰ和ＴＰＶＲ则明显低于ＮＳ组。结     

ONCOGENIC TRANSFORMATION OF SYRIAN HAMSTER EMBRYO CELLS BY 5．3－MeV α PARTICLES AND A TUMOR PROMOTER PHORBOL ESTER

ＯＮＣＯＧＥＮＩＣＴＲＡＮＳＦＯＲＭＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＳＹＲＩＡＮＨＡＭＳＴＥＲＥＭＢＲＹＯＣＥＬＬＳＢＹ５．３－ＭｅＶαＰＡＲＴＩＣＬＥＳＡＮＤＡＴＵＭＯＲＰＲＯＭＯＴＥＲＰＨＯＲＢＯＬＥＳＴＥＲＳｈｏｕＪｉａｎｇ（寿江）；ＧｏｎｇＹｉｆｅｎ（龚诒芬）...     

Increased oxidative stress and damage in patients with chronic bacterial prostatitis

Objective To investigate whether chronic bacterial prostatitis （CBP） increases oxidative stress and damage in patients with CBP, and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods Eighty patients with CBP and 80 healthy adults as controls were enrolled in a case-control study, in which levels of nitric oxide （NO）, vitamin C （VC）, and vitamin E （VE） in plasma, as well as malondialdehyde （MDA）, activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, and eatalase （CAT） in erythrocytes were determined by spectrophotometry. Results Compared with the average values of NO, VC, VE, MDA, SOD, and CAT in the healthy control group, those of plasma N O and erythrocyte MDA in the CBP group were significantly increased （P〈0.00 1）, and those of plasma VC and VE as well as erythrocyte SOD and CAT in the CBP group were significantly decreased （P〈0.001）. Findings from partial correlation analysis for course of the disease and NO, VC, VE, MDA, SOD, and CAT in 80 patients with CBP, adjusted for age, suggested that with prolonged course of the disease, values of NO and MDA were gradually increased （P〈0.001）, and those of VC, VE, SOD, and CAT were gradually decreased （P〈0.05-0.001）. The findings from stepwise regression analysis for course of the disease and NO, VC, VE, MDA, SOD, and CAT in CBP group suggested that the model of stepwise regression was Y = -19.1160 ＋0.3112MDA ＋ 0.0337NO, F = 22.1734, P〈0.001, r = 0.6045, P〈0.001. The findings from the reliability analysis for VC, VE, SOD, CAT, NO, and MDA in the CBP group showed that the reliability coefficients＇ alpha （6 items） was 0.7195, P〈0.0001, and the standardized item alpha was 0.9307, P〈0.0001. Conclusion There exist increased oxidative stress and damage induced by chronic bacterial prostatitis in patients, and such a phenomenon is closely related to the course of disease.     

维生素E对苯并[a]芘诱导雄性大鼠的生殖毒性的保护作用

目的：探讨维生素E(vitamin E,VE)对苯并[a]芘(Benzo(a)pryene,B[a]P)诱导的雄性大鼠的生殖毒性的保护作用及其机制。方法：将60只28 d龄70~90 g Sprague Dawley (SD)大鼠随机分为空白、溶剂对照组、B[a]P组(5 mg/kg)及低(10 mg/kg)、中(50 mg/kg)、高(100 mg/kg)剂量VE联合B[a]P处理组共6组,每组各10只;连续灌胃30 d并检测各组精子质量、睾丸组织中超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)活性、8-羟基脱氧鸟苷(8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine,8-OHdG)和丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)的含量;HE染色观察睾丸形态,采用彗星实验测定细胞DNA损伤程度。结果：与对照组相比,B[a]P组精子计数明显降低、精子畸形率、8-OHdG及MDA含量明显升高,SOD和GSH-Px活性显著下降(P<0.05);VE联合组SD大鼠的睾丸组织损伤程度明显减轻;上述各项氧化应激和DNA损伤指标也均明显改善;且随着VE剂量的增加,保护效应呈现明显的剂量-反应关系,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：VE对B[a]P诱导的SD雄性大鼠生殖损害具有保护作用。     

丁烯酸内酯对软骨细胞的毒理机制和Se、VC、VE的保护作用

目的观察丁烯酸内酯（BUT）对软骨细胞的毒理作用以及维生素C（VC）、维生素E（VE）和硒（Se）的保护作用。方法体外培养软骨细胞,加入不同浓度BUT以及VC、VE和Se。用MTT法检测细胞活性,收集培养液检测氧化相关指标丙二醛（MDA）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-PX）的表达水平,通过光镜和电镜来观察其形态变化。结果BUT可以导致软骨细胞膜系统受损甚至死亡。微量毒素可以刺激软骨细胞的活性,增强其抗氧化作用;大量毒素则表现为抑制作用。VC、VE和Se对这种损伤的保护作用很有限。结论BUT通过刺激细胞产生内源性的氧自由基来发挥其损伤作用,进而导致细胞膜系统破坏甚至细胞死亡;单一的抗氧化剂并不能完全拮抗这种损伤作用。     

Overweight and Obesity——Induced Oxidative Stress in Children

Objective To investigate whether overweight and obesity might cause oxidative stress and potential oxidative damage in overweight and obese children, and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods Eighty-five overweight and obese children （OOC）, and eighty-five age-matched healthy children （HC） were recruited in this case-control study. The present study analyzed spectrophotometrically vitamin C （VC）, vitamin E （VE）, and β-carotene （β-CAR） in plasma, as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT）, and the level of malondialdehyde （MDA） in erythrocytes. Results Compared with those of VC, VE, β-CAR, SOD, CAT and MDA in the HC group, the average values of VC, VE, β-CAR, SOD, and CAT in the OOC group were significantly decreased （P〈0.001）, while the average value of MDA in the OOC group was significantly increased （P〈0.001）. The regression analysis demonstrated that VC, VE, β-CAR, SOD, and CAT were negatively correlated （P〈0.05-0.01）, and MDA was positively correlated with BMI （P〈0.05）. Fitting to the model of multiple stepwise regression of BMI on VC, VE, β-CAR, SOD, CAT, and MDA in 85 OOC was Y = 27.0041 ＋ 0,2541MDA - 2.1448β-CAR -- 0.0090CAr, where F = 43.8088, P〈0.001, r = 0.7866, r^2= 0.6187, adjusted r^2= 0.6046. The findings from the reliability analysis for VC, VE, β-CAR, SOD, CAT, and MDA used to reflect increased oxidative stress and potential oxidative damage in the OOC showed that the reliability coefficients （alpha, 6 items） = 0.7231, P〈0.0001, and that the standardized item alpha = 0.9207, P〈0.0001, Conclusion The present study suggests that there exists an increased oxidative stress in overweight and obese children.     

Heroin abuse and nitric oxide, oxidation, peroxidation, lipoperoxidation

To further reveal the risks of heroin abuse to human body, and to determine the injuries of oxidation, peroxidation and lipoperoxidation induced by nitric oxide and other free radicals to heroin abusers, we determined and compared plasma values of lipoperoxides (LPO), nitric oxide (NO), vitamin C (VC), vitamin E (VE), β-carotene (β-CAR) and erythrocyte values of LPO, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in 114 heroin abusers and 100 healthy volunteers. Using linear regression and correlation as well as stepwise regression and correlation, we also analyzed the effect of the abusing duration, and daily abusing quantity on the above-mentioned biochemical parameters in the heroin abusers. The results showed that, compared with the healthy volunteer groups, the average plasma values of LPO, and NO, and the average erythrocyte value of LPO in the heroin abuser group were significantly increased (P＜0.0001), and the average plasma values of VC, VE, and β-CAR and the average erythrocyte values of SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px were significantly decreased (P＜0.0001). Analysis of linear regression and correlation showed that with prolonged heroin abusing and with increased daily quantity in the heroin abusers, the plasma values of LPO, and NO, and the erythrocyte value of LPO were gradually increased (P＜0.001), whereas the plasma values of VC, VE, and β-CAR and the erythrocyte values of SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px were gradually decreased (P＜0.001). Analysis of stepwise regression and correlation indicated that the plasma values of NO, VC and VE were closely correlated with the abusing duration and daily abusing quantity. These results indicate that the balance between oxidation and antioxidation in the heroin abusers was seriously disturbed, and the injuries induced by nitric oxide and other free radicals, through oxidation, peroxidation and lipoperoxidation to the bodies of heroin abusers exacerbated. It is therefore necessary that in abstaining from heroin dependence, the heroin abusers should acquire sufficient quantities of antioxidants such as VC, VE and β-CAR.     

糖尿病及其视网膜病变患者氧化应激状态的评价

目的 观察糖尿病及其视网膜病变患者血清抗氧化酶活性及非酶类抗氧化物、氧化应激代谢产物的水平,探讨氧化应激与糖尿病视网膜病变之间的关系.方法 选择51例2型糖尿病患者,其中糖尿病无并发症者24例(DM组),糖尿病合并视网膜病变者27例(DR组),另选择同期行体检的30例健康者为对照组.收集3组受检者的空腹血清,测定血清抗氧化酶[超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)及过氧化氢酶(CAT)]活性、非酶类抗氧化物[维生素C(V_C)、维生素E(V_E)及还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)]水平及氧化应激代谢产物[丙二醛(MDA)、共轭二烯(CD)及晚期蛋白质氧化产物(AOPP)]水平.结果 (1)DM组患者血清SOD、GSH-Px、CAT活性分别为(108±14)U/ml、(141±30)U/ml和(5.6±1.6)U/ml;DR组患者分别为(96±13)U/ml、(133±25)U/ml和(5.1±1.4)U/ml;对照组分别为(119±28)U/ml、(156±26)U/ml和(6.8±1.6)U/ml;与对照组比较,DM组及DR组患者血清抗氧化酶活性均显著降低(P＜0.05),且DR组患者SOD活性又显著低于DM组患者(P＜0.05).(2)对照组V_C、V_E、GSH水平分别为(86±26)mg/L、(19.0±5.3)mg/L和(22.0±5.9)μmol/L;DM组患者分别为(64±20)mg/L、(16.6±3.7)mg/L和(20.8±8.2)μmol/L;DR组患者分别为(52±10)mg/L、(16.6±3.7)mg/L和(19.7±5.7)μmol/L;与对照组比较,DM组及DR组患者血清V_C水平均显著降低(P＜0.01),而DR组患者血清V_C水平又显著低于DM组(P＜0.05).(3)对照组血清MDA、CD、AOPP水平分别为(3.1±1.3)μmol/L、(0.32±0.06)和(15.8±4.5)μmol/L;DM组患者分别为(5.4±1.8)μmol/L、(0.43±0.23)和(25.6±7.7)μmol/L;DR组患者分别为(7.9±2.6)μmol/L、(0.57±0.27)和(27.8±7.2)μmol/L;与对照组比较,糖尿病患者氧化应激代谢产物水平显著升高(P＜0.05),且DR组患者血清MDA、CD水平较DM组患者显著升高(P＜0.05).结论 糖尿病及其视网膜病变患者存在着严重的氧化应激,且糖尿病视网膜病变患者氧化应激更严重.     

Studies on the Oxidative Stress in Alcohol Abusers in China

Objective:In order to study the relationship between alcoho abuse and oxidative stress,and to identify oxidative damage of alcoho abuse in human bodies.Methods:80 Cases of male alcoholics(AL) aged 40 years old and 80 cases of male healthy volunteers(HV)of the same age without drinking histroy were investigated by measuring concentrations of vitaminC(VC),vitamin E (VE) and β-carotene(β-CAR)in plasma as well as activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalse(CAT) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in RBC with spectrophotometri assays.Results:Compared with the average values(AV) of the above biochemical parameters in the HV group ,the average values of VC,VE and β-CAR in plasma and the activities of SOD,CAT and GSH-Px in RBC in the AL group were significantly decreased (P=0.0000),The findings in linear regression and correlation analysis for 80 alcoholics showed that with the prolonged drinking duration and increased daily drinking quantity,the values of VC,VE and β-CAR in plasma as well as SOD,CAT and GSH-Px in RBC in the alcoholics were gradually decreased(P=0.000),representing a respectively significant linear negative correlation.The analysis of stepwise regression and correlation rewvealed that the drinking duration had the closest correlation with the values of VE in plasma as well as CAT and GSH-Px in RBC,while the daily drinking quantity had the closest correlation with the values of VC,VE and β-CAR in plasma as well as SOD and GSH-Px in RBC,Conclusion :The findings of the present study suggested that the oxidative stress in the alcoholics became pathologically intensified,leading to potential oxidative damages in their bodies.Therefore,alcoholica should abstain from alcohol drinking,and should take as supplements suitable dosage of antioxidants per day such as VC,VE,β-CAR and others to moderate potential oxidative damages in their bodies.     

维生素C、E对慢性酒精中毒小鼠学习记忆的影响

目的观察维生素c（VC）、维生素E（VE）及其合用对慢性酒精中毒小鼠学习记忆能力的影响。方法昆明种小鼠65只，雌雄不拘，随机分成5组，每组13只，各组分别给予生理盐水、乙醇、乙醇＋VC、乙醇＋VE、乙醇＋VC＋VE灌胃2l天后，各组均取10只，用Morris水迷宫检测其学习记忆能力，记录潜伏期与穿越次数。结果乙醇组与生理盐水组比较潜伏期延长、穿越次数减少，学习记忆能力降低；乙醇＋VC组、乙醇＋VE组及乙醇＋VC＋VE组与乙醇组比较潜伏期均缩短，乙醇＋VC＋VE组穿越次数增加，表明VC、VE对乙醇中毒小鼠学习记忆能力有改善作用，且VC、VE合用有协同作用。结论慢性酒精中毒可致学习记忆能力下降；VC、VE可改善酒精中毒小鼠的学习记忆能力，二者合用具有协同保护作用。     

Potential Oxidative Stress in the Bodies of Electric Arc Welding Operators:Effect of Photochemical Smog

To investigate whether photochemical smog emitted during the process of electric arc welding might cause oxidative stress and potential oxidative damage in the bodies of welding operators. Methods Seventy electric arc welding operators (WOs) and 70 healthy volunteers (HVs) were enrolled in a randomized controlled study design, in which the levels of vitamin C (VC) and vitamin E (VE) in plasma as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and the level of lipoperoxide (LPO) in erythrocytes were determined by spectrophotometry. Results Compared with the average values of the above experimental parameters in the HVs group, the average values of VC and VE in plasma as well as those of SOD, CAT and GPX in erythrocytes in the WOs group were significantly decreased (P<0.005-0.0001), while the average value of LPO in erythrocytes in the WOs group was significantly increased (P<0.0001). The findings from the partial correlation analysis on the controlling of age suggested that with a prolonged duration of exposure to photochemical smog the values of VC, VE, SOD, and GPX, except for CAT, in the WOs were decreased gradually (P<0.05-0.005), the value of LPO in the WOs was increased gradually (P<0.001), and that with the ozone dose increased in the air in each worksite VC, VE, SOD, CAT and GPX decreased (P<0.005-0.001), but LPO increased (P<0.001). The findings from the reliability analysis for the VC, VE, SOD, CAT, GPX, and LPO values which were used to reflect oxidative stress and potential oxidative damage in the WOs showed that the reliability coefficients' alpha (6 items) was 0.8021, P<0.0001, and that the standardized item alpha was 0.9577, P<0.0001. Conclusion Findings in the present study suggest that there exists an oxidative stress induced by long-term exposure to photochemical smog in the bodies of WOs, thereby causing potential oxidative and lipoperoxidative damages in their bodies.     

Potential Oxidative Stress in the Bodies of Electric Arc Welding Operators： Effect of Photochemical Smog

INTRODUCTION Electric arc welding is widely used in many fields such as welding engineering, architectural engineering, automotive industry, boat and ship engineering, aerospace C…