Oncocytic carcinoma of the maxillary sinus: a rare neoplasm

Oncocytic neoplasms are tumors composed of oncocytes (i.e., epithelial cells with a large cytoplasm that is rich in mitochondria). Most cases are benign and originate from the major salivary glands, while the minor salivary glands are rarely involved. Occurrence of oncocytic carcinoma (or malignant oncocytoma) within the sinonasal tract is an unusual event. We report a rare case of maxillary sinus oncocytic carcinoma occurring in a 45-year-old male. Biopsy was consistent with an unspecified salivary gland neoplasm. The patient underwent total maxillectomy through a lateral rhinotomic approach; hard palate reconstruction with temporal myofascial flap was performed. Definitive histology was consistent with oncocytic carcinoma. Due to the local extension of the lesion, postoperative radiotherapy (60 Gy) was delivered. Three years after surgery, the patient is free from disease. A brief analysis of the literature was also accomplished in order to discuss treatment options and prognosis of this unusual neoplasm.     

左侧上颌窦恶性黑色素瘤1例

患者,男,62岁,因左侧鼻腔涕中带血10个月,加重半年余于2012年10月9日入院。患者于2012年春节时因过度疲劳出现右侧涕中带血,时有鼻塞,面部稍有胀痛,曾行间断抗炎治疗后无明显好转。2012年9月,患者因左侧牙疼行拔牙处理后左侧鼻腔出现涕中带血,较右侧为多。     

上颌窦炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤1例并文献复习

目的:探讨炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤的临床特征、诊断与治疗方法。方法:报告1例上颌窦炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤,并复习相关的国内外的文献。结果:炎性肌纤维母细胞中,CT扫描示不规则的软组织密度影,有侵蚀性的骨质破坏,边界不清。病理示瘤组织由梭形纤维细胞及大量炎性细胞组成。免疫组织化学检测中Vimentin、SMA呈阳性,Desmin等呈阴性。结论:上颌窦的炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤是非常罕见的,诊断主要依靠病理及免疫组织化学检测。炎性肌纤维母细胞瘤中存在染色体的易位,这种易位导致间变性淋巴瘤激酶的过度表达,而呈现一种肿瘤的发展过程,其生物学特性仍然没有统一的说法。     

Acinic cell carcinoma of maxillary sinus

Acinic cell carcinoma is a tumor that occurs most commonly in the parotid glands. We have experienced a rare case of acinic cell carcinoma of the left maxillary sinus. The patient was a 71-year-old female. She noticed her left nasal congestion and epiphora from left eye in April 1994. She had a history of left maxillary sinus surgery in February, 1972. Antrotomy was performed and histopathological examination of specimen from the maxillary sinus proved acinic cell carcinoma. The tumor was considered to be the recurrence 22 years after initial surgery, because it coincided with the surgical specimen of previous surgery. Radical resection of maxilla was performed for complete resection of tumor with palate reconstruction by left scapula and latissimus dorsi myocutaneus flap. No recurrence is observed for more than 4 years after surgery. Although this tumor is of low grade malignancy, complete resection with adequate surgical margin is advisable due to high incidence of this tumor to recur after long periods of time.     

Facial asymmetry in maxillary sinus hypoplasia

Maxillary sinus hypoplasia is a rare finding for pediatric patients. We describe two children with maxillary sinus hypoplasia associated with facial asymmetry. One patient underwent endoscopic maxillary antrostomy. For the other, treatment was deferred at the patient's request. The management options of facial asymmetry for patients with maxillary sinus hypoplasia are discussed.     

上颌窦胆固醇肉芽肿(附2例报告)

为探讨胆固醇肉芽肿形成的机理，报告２例发生于上颌窦的胆固醇肉芽肿。该病的常见症状是鼻阻塞，严重者可引起骨质破坏。其病因可能源于上颌窦窦口阻塞、粘膜息肉样病变内部出血或上颌窦囊肿瘤壁内胆固醇沉积。文献复习表明：窦腔通气不良，长期的炎症渗出或出血可导致胆固醇肉芽肿的形成。治疗主要是行上颌窦根治术，以达到永久治愈的目的。     

原发于上颌窦的恶性淋巴瘤1例

原发性鼻腔及鼻窦非霍奇金淋巴瘤（nonHodgkin′s lymphoma;NHL）是结外淋巴瘤的一种,临床上少见,原发于上颌窦者更为罕见,本科诊治1例单纯表现为面部肿胀的上颌窦NHL病例,报道如下。1病例资料患者,男,59岁。2012年11月中旬因鼻背旁左侧面部肿胀半个月到本科就诊。局部无疼痛,无鼻塞流涕或涕血,无头痛或视物改变等眼部症状,无发热。体检示鼻背左侧、眶下位置丘状隆起,包块约3cm×2cm,质地较硬,活动度差,无压痛。鼻内镜检查双鼻腔及鼻咽部未见新生物。鼻窦增强CT示（图1~2）：左侧上颌窦、     

Fibrosarcoma of the maxillary sinus

Fibrosarcoma arising in the sinonasal cavities are very rare. By the time of clinical diagnosis, they are usually advanced. Lack of adequate surgical margins predisposes these patients to tumor recurrences. Most common sites are the extremities, with only one percent of fibrosarcoma arising in the head and neck area. The imaging features of these tumors reflect their aggressive behavior. We report the case of a maxillary sinus fibrosarcoma in a 16 year-old male patient. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy, medial maxillectomy, adjuvant chemotherapy and subsequent external irradiation was perfomed.     

与鼻内镜上颌窦手术视野相关的上颌窦形态特征

目的：观察与鼻内镜上颌窦手术视野相关的上颌窦形态特征。方法：通过对1000例（2000侧）正常成人的鼻窦CT（轴位＋冠状位）扫描,观察其上颌窦形态并进行分型。结果：CT显示上颌窦与手术相关的形态变化主要在其内侧壁,水平位鼻窦CT显示上颌窦内侧壁的形态在中部较恒定,一般都呈现以内侧壁为底边的三角形或半圆形,前者有857例（85．7％）,后者有143例（14．3％）;冠状位显示上颌窦内侧壁形态前、后层面较为恒定,中间层面的差异较大,有外凸形和平直形,其中外凸形341例（34．1％）,平直形659例（65．9％）。根据中间层面内侧壁的形态及上颌窦气化程度将上颌窦形态分为三型：I型662例（66．2％）,Ⅱ型265例（26．5％）,Ⅲ型73例（7．3％）。结论：上颌窦内侧壁形态影响鼻内镜中鼻道人路的上颌窦手术视野,在鼻内镜上颌窦手术前应充分考虑其形态对于手术视野及病变的清除的影响。     

上颌窦胆固醇肉芽肿5例分析

目的：探讨上颌窦胆固醇肉芽肿的病因、发病机制以及治疗方法。方法：所有患者均行上颌窦根治术。结果：所有患者均病理诊断为鼻窦胆固醇肉芽肿,随访2个月～12年,均未见复发。结论：本病病因为高血脂症,含气腔通气受阻,引流障碍。确诊需要病理检查,治疗上应对高脂血症进行干预与治疗,手术可以根治。     

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma arising in the nasal cavity

This study documents a case of an epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) in the left nasal cavity. A 70-year-old woman who presented with recurrent epistaxis of the left nasal nostril of 3 months duration was found to have a polypoid tumor in the left nasal cavity. A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a tumor to occupy the left inferior and middle nasal cavity which had destroyed the inferior nasal turbinate, and a horizontal scan showed the tumor to occupy the middle and posterior nasal cavity. Since the tumor was connected to the lateral wall of the left nasal cavity with a narrow stalk, the tumor was excised by peeling the mucosa from the wall of the left nasal cavity. Based on the histological and immunohistochemical findings, the tumor was diagnosed to be an EMC. The follow-up at 12 months after the operation showed no evidence of recurrence.     

Undifferentiated sarcoma of the maxillary sinus: report of a rare case in an adult

A 51-year-old man complained of left facial swelling and recurrent nasal bleeding. A giant solid tumor in the left maxillary sinus was detected on head CT and MRI, and this tumor was destroying the maxilla and extending into the orbit, pterygoid muscle and posterior paranasal sinuses. The resected specimen consisted of spindle cells containing necrotic material. Histological examination revealed immature tumor cells, and immunohistological study of the tumor showed staining was only positive for vimentin. We accordingly diagnosed undifferentiated sarcoma in the maxillary sinus. Combination chemotherapy with vincristine, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide/ifosfamide with mesna and etoposide was administered; however, the tumor was unresponsive and the patient died after around 3 months.     

上颌窦三维立体形态与上颌窦炎关系的研究

目的:通过螺旋CT影像学研究,重建上颌窦的三维立体形态,探讨上颌窦炎症与上颌窦三维立体形态、容积和气化系数之间的关系。方法:对双侧上颌窦正常者、单侧上颌窦炎症及双侧上颌窦炎症者各50例(均为成年人)行鼻-鼻窦螺旋CT扫描,重建上颌窦的三维立体形态;测量并计算上颌窦的容积和气化系数,分析上颌窦三维立体形态、容积和气化系数与上颌窦炎的关系。结果:上颌窦炎组上颌窦形态不规则(凹陷、变形),容积为(14 971.86±360.93)mm3,气化系数为0.252±0.057;正常组上颌窦形态规则,容积为(15 018.64±473.36)mm3,气化系数为0.345±0.071;两组之间容积比较差异无统计学意义,气化系数比较差异有统计学意义。结论:上颌窦三维重建更加直观地描述了上颌窦的三维结构和立体形态;上颌窦炎症与上颌窦容积无相关性,而主要与上颌窦的三维立体形态及气化系数有关;上颌窦三维立体形态规则,气化系数>0.300,上颌窦发生炎症的概率较低;反之机会增大。成人炎症上颌窦可能来源于儿童及青少年期一个较大的上颌窦。     

上颌窦内肾透明细胞癌转移1例报道

<正>鼻及鼻窦内转移性肿瘤较少见,多起源于肾癌,亦可见在肾切除术很长时间甚至几十年后转移[1],双侧鼻息肉伴上颌窦内肾透明细胞癌转移尤其罕见,我院近期收治1例双侧鼻息肉伴上颌窦内肾透明细胞癌转移病例,现报告如下。1临床资料患者,男,57岁,因"鼻塞流涕20余年伴上腭部不适2个月"于2013年8月22日收入我院耳鼻喉科。患者20余年前无明显诱因出现双鼻鼻塞,流     

Maxillary sinus cavernous hemangioma: a rare entity

Vascular lesions of the sinonasal tract are rare. These lesions do not have typical signs or symptoms. They may present insidiously with minimal symptoms. A high index of suspicion and a good preoperative evaluation are needed for diagnosis. No standard surgical approach is indicated. We report a case of cavernous hemangioma of the maxillary sinus in an adult male. We present the diagnostic work-up and discuss the differential diagnosis and potential therapeutic approaches.     

Spherulocytosis of the maxillary sinus: a case report

Spherulocytosis (myospherulosis) is an unusual foreign-body reaction usually occurring in tissues exposed to petrolatum-based products. Due to its occasional localization in the maxillary sinus, it is of interest to rhinologists and maxillofacial surgeons. The pathogenesis of spherulocytosis has remained a matter of controversy. We present the case of a 40-year-old female with no previous contact to petrolatum-based substances and suffering from spherulocytosis of the maxillary sinus. The review of literature with emphasis on etiopathogenesis and factors that predispose to the development of spherulocytosis, other than exposure to petrolatum-based ointment, are discussed.     

耳前肌上皮癌1例

肌上皮癌是主要发生于涎腺的恶性肿瘤,少数发生于鼻腔、鼻窦、乳腺、肺、咽旁隙等部位。肌上皮癌发生率低,目前对其细胞学认识、诊断及治疗还存在着很大的争议。原发于耳前软组织的肌上皮癌少见,我科于2012年10月诊治1例,报告如下。