The risk factors of distribution and serious complications induced by laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a single center: an analysis of 71238 cases

目的 探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)导致严重并发症的分布及相关危险因素.方法 回顾性分析1992年10月-2011年07月71238例腹腔镜胆囊切除术并发症的临床资料,采用x2检验和Logistic回归方法对可能导致LC并发症的16个临床相关因素进行统计学分析.结果 LC术后严重并发症的发生率为0.37％( 262/71238),其中因发生并发症而中转开腹173例,占66.1％(173/262).Logistic回归分析显示:Calot三角粘连、解剖变异、病期、胆囊壁厚度、胆囊萎缩为导致LC并发症发生的主要危险因素.结论 加强医师的腹腔镜技术培训,严格掌握LC适应证,正确掌握中转开腹的时机是降低LC手术严重并发症发生的有效措施.     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术并发症相关因素分析

目的 探讨导致腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)并发症发生的危险因素。方法 回顾分析我院自1991年3月-2003年6月间11974例腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者中发生并发症的临床资料,采用X~2检验和Logistic回归方法对可能导致腹腔镜胆囊切除术并发症发生的15个临床病理相关因素,进行多因素回归分析。结果 本组资料LC术后并发症的发生率为1.896％(227/11 974),中转手术率为2.386％(286/11 974),其中因发生并发症而中转开腹65例,占22.727％(65/286)。Logistic回归分析显示,按作用强度,Calot三角粘连、病期、手术经验、胆囊壁厚度(B超)、胆囊与周围粘连依次为导致腹腔镜胆囊切除术并发症发生的主要危险因素。结论 加强医师的腹腔镜技术培训,正确掌握LC相关危险因素是提高LC手术成功率的关键,正确掌握中转开腹的时机及开腹后处理方法,是降低LC手术严重并发症发生和死亡的有效措施。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术并发症相关因素分析

目的 探讨导致腹腔镜胆囊切除术(lapawscopic cholecystectomy，LC)并发症发生的危险因素。方法 回顾分析我院自。1991年3月—2003年6月间11974例腹腔镜胆囊切除术患中发生并发症的临床资料，采用x^2检验和Logistic回归方法对可能导致腹腔镜胆囊切除术并发症发生的15个临床病理相关因素，进行多因素回归分析。结果 本组资料LC术后并发症的发生率为1．896％(227／11974)，中转手术率为2．386％(286/11974)，其中因发生并发症而中转开腹65例，占22．727％(65／286)。Logistic回归分析显示，按作用强度，Calot三角粘连、病期、手术经验、胆囊壁厚度(B超)、胆囊与周围粘连依次为导致腹腔镜胆囊切除术并发症发生的主要危险因素。结论 加强医师的腹腔镜技术培训，正确掌握LC相关危险因素是提高LC手术成功率的关键，正确掌握中转开腹的时机及开腹后处理方法，是降低LC手术严重并发症发生和死亡的有效措施。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术并发症的危险因素分析

目的　探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术 (LC)后并发症的危险因素。方法　回顾性分析 1991年3月至 2 0 0 3年 6月 11974例腹腔镜胆囊切除术并发症的临床资料 ,采用 χ2 检验和Logistic回归方法对可能导致LC并发症的 15个临床相关因素进行多因素回归分析。结果　LC术后并发症的发生率为1 896 % (2 2 7/11974 ) ,中转手术率为 2 389% (2 86 /11974 ) ,其中因发生并发症而中转开腹 6 5例 ,占2 2 7% (6 5 /2 86 )。Logistic回归分析显示 ,按其对并发症发生影响强弱程度 ,Calot三角粘连、病期、术者的手术经验、胆囊壁厚度 (B超 )、胆囊与周围粘连依次为导致LC并发症发生的主要危险因素。结论　加强医师的腹腔镜技术培训 ,正确掌握中转开腹的时机是降低LC手术严重并发症发生的有效措施。     

36例腹腔镜胆囊切除术中转开腹原因分析

分析腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)中转开腹的原因。回顾性分析2011年10月—2015年1月1128例急症LC术和中转开腹36例患者临床资料,对中转开腹的因素进行单因素和Logistic多因素回归分析。结果显示,年龄、胆囊炎发作时间、上腹部手术史、合并糖尿病、BMI、胆囊壁厚度、手术出血量、手术时间、急性发病次数、并发症、术前白细胞计数、总胆红素水平、谷丙转氨酶水平均为LC术中转开腹的危险因素,Logistic回归分析年龄、胆囊壁厚度、合并糖尿病、胆囊炎发作时间为中转开腹的独立危险因素。结果表明,导致腹腔镜胆囊切除术中转开腹的危险因素包括年龄、胆囊壁厚度、胆囊炎发作时间、合并糖尿病等。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术中转开腹危险因素的分析

目的分析腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)中转开腹的危险因素,为在保证安全前提下,降低中转开腹率提供参考。方法回顾分析328例LC患者的临床资料,采用Logistic回归分析方法,分析LC中转开腹的危险因素。结果 328例LC患者中转开腹26例,占7.93%,主要原因是Calot三角解剖不清(12/26,46.12%),腹腔粘连(9/26,34.62%)。墨菲氏征阳性、胆囊壁厚≥3mm、近6个月发作频数≥2次和黄疸为中转开腹的危险因素。结论对存在危险因素的患者,应术前做好中转开腹和适时选择开腹手术的准备。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术中转开腹的的危险因素分析及防范

目的：分析腹腔镜胆囊切除术中转开腹手术的潜在危险因素并探讨其防范措施。
方法：回顾性分析收治的786例行LC患者的临床资料,并进行Logistic回归分析。
结果：786例LC手术中转开腹50例,中转率为6.4%。体质量、上腹部手术史、急性胆囊炎次数（＞5次）、胆囊壁厚度是中转开腹的独立高危因素。
结论：LC中转开腹手术的潜在危险因素较多,评估其危险因素有利于适时中转开腹。

     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术中转开腹的危险因素分析

目的:分析腹腔镜胆囊切除术中转开腹的原因及相关危险因素,为外科医生的临床决策提供参考。方法:回顾分析3 476例腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者的临床资料,采用单因素分析及多因素logistic回归分析,探讨影响中转开腹的危险因素,并用SPSS 13.0绘制历年中转开腹率趋势图。结果:3 476例患者中,163例中转开腹,中转开腹率为4.7%;中转开腹组与腹腔镜组手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间、术后排气时间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);胆囊粘连严重、胆囊三角处理困难是中转开腹的主要原因,占所有因素的57.1%;单因素分析结果显示:肥胖、手术经验、腹部手术史、胆囊炎反复发作史、胆囊壁厚度、WBC计数与腹腔镜胆囊切除术中转开腹相关(P<0.05);多因素分析结果显示:腹部手术史、肥胖、胆囊炎反复发作史、手术经验、胆囊壁厚度是影响腹腔镜胆囊切除手术中转开腹的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:术前正确评估腹腔镜胆囊切除术中转开腹的相关危险因素,可为外科医生术中决策提供一定的参考,并可减少手术并发症。     

胆囊结石腹腔镜手术中转开腹原因分析

探讨胆囊结石患者腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)中转开腹的相关因素。收集481例行LC的胆囊结石患者临床资料。运用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析LC中转开腹的危险因素。结果显示,481例胆囊切除术,中转开腹25例,中转开腹率5.20%。两组CRP、PLT、白蛋白水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),与慢性结石性胆囊炎相比,急性结石性胆囊炎具有更高的中转开腹率(P<0.05)。单因素分析结果显示,中转开腹及未中转开腹患者AST、ALT、GGT、总胆红素、CRP、白蛋白、WBC计数、血小板计数和淋巴细胞百分比具有统计学差异(P<0.05);logistic回归显示,白蛋白、血小板计数是LC术中中转开腹的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。白蛋白ROC曲线下面积0.701(P=0.000),当白蛋白水平为20.6g/L时,预测术中中转开腹的敏感性为81.5%,特异性为66.8%。结果表明,术前低白蛋白血症是胆囊结石患者LC中转开腹的独立危险因素,对于中转开腹风险具有一定的评估价值。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术中转开腹相关因素分析

目的探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)中转开腹的相关因素。方法回顾性分析2002年12月至2012年12月期间笔者所在医院6 038例LC中168例中转开腹患者的临床资料。结果本组中转开腹率为2.8%,其中主动中转开腹120例,主要原因为胆囊三角及胆囊与周围组织严重粘连、胆总管及胆囊管变异等;被动中转开腹48例,主要原因为术中出血镜下难以处理(胆囊床、胆囊动脉损伤等)、肝外胆管损伤等。168例均成功完成相应手术,术后恢复顺利,治愈出院。结论 LC术中转开腹的发生与多种因素有关,其常见原因有手术区严重粘连、肝外胆管损伤等。提高技术水平、严格掌握LC的适应证,可降低中转开腹率,及时中转开腹可减少严重并发症的发生。     

急症腹腔镜胆囊切除术中转开腹危险因素的分析

目的:分析术前预测急症腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)中转开腹的可能性,以期找到客观、实用、准确率高的预测LC手术难易度的方法,并选择适当的手术方式.方法:回顾分析2005～2009年120例急症LC中38例中转开腹患者的临床资料.从胆囊炎、胆囊结石疾病病理方面提取胆囊...     

腹腔镜胆囊切除术严重并发症的危险因素及预防措施分析

目的:观察腹腔镜胆囊切除术(laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)的严重并发症,分析其相关危险因素及预防措施。方法:回顾分析近年行LC患者的临床资料,共纳入2 584例研究对象,统计严重并发症发生率,对可能引起并发症的临床因素进行单因素及logistic多因素回归分析。结果:单因素分析结果提示急性期、胆囊壁厚度、胆囊三角电灼、Calot三角粘连、解剖变异与并发症发生率有关(P<0.05)。将有意义的因素纳入多因素logistic回归分析,按照OR值由高至低依次排列,Calot三角粘连、解剖变异、急性期、胆囊三角电灼是LC严重并发症的独立危险因素(P<0.05),而胆囊壁厚度超过5 mm不是独立危险因素。结论:正确认识危险因素,严格掌握手术适应证,规范术中操作,可降低严重并发症的发生。     

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy

In 1,300 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) 56 patients (4.3%) required conversion to open cholecystectomy (OC); 41 (73%) of the conversions were elective, whereas 15 (27%) were enforced. The causes of the 56 conversions are described and analyzed. Logistic regression analysis of 23 parameters identified the following data as associated with a higher risk for conversion: pain or rigidity in the right upper abdomen (P<0.01), thickening of the gallbladder wall on preoperative ultrasound (P<0.05), intraoperatively found dense adhesions to the gallbladder or in Calot's triangle (P<0.001), and intraoperatively found acute inflammation of the gallbladder (P<0.01). Clinical findings of an acute cholecystitis associated with intraoperative dense scarring in Calot's triangle were the best factors predicting conversion from LC to OC. As a result of the study we preoperatively select our patients for either LC or OC, and a difficult case is performed by a more experienced surgeon to keep conversion rate and complications low.     

急性胆囊炎LC术中转开腹的危险因素及预后分析

目的探讨急性胆囊炎LC术中转开腹的危险因素及预后情况。 方法回顾性分析2014年3月至2017年7月231例急性胆囊炎行LC术的患者的临床资料,根据患者LC术中是否转开腹,分为LC术组(205例)和转开腹组(26例)对比分析两组患者性别、年龄、BMI指数、病程、胆囊壁厚及生化检查等情况,本研究采用Stata 14.1统计软件对数据处理。计量资料单因素分析采用t检验,计数资料单因素分析采用卡方检验。采用Logistic回归模型分析LC术中转开腹危险因素,并拟合ROC曲线评价模型价值,P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义。 结果单因素分析显示,BMI指数、病程、胆囊壁厚度、白细胞计数、碱性磷酸酶5个因素与LC术中转开腹有关;多因素Logistic回归分析显示,BMI指数(OR＝1.407, P＝0.000)、白细胞计数(OR＝1.600, P＝0.003)、碱性磷酸酶(OR＝1.042, P＝0.000)是LC术中转开腹的独立危险因素。26例转开腹患者术后观察无严重的并发症发生。 结论手术医师在LC术前应对患者体质状况,白细胞水平、碱性磷酸酶等情况进行合理的评估,以降低LC术中转开腹率。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除中转开腹手术的危险因素分析

目的：分析腹腔镜胆囊切除术中转开腹手术的危险因素。方法：回顾分析我院5年间2 850例LC临床资料,采用单因素分析至Logistic多元回归分析推算出LC中转开腹的危险因素。结果：LC中转开腹手术115例,中转率为4.03%。LC中转开腹的危险因素有近半年胆囊炎急性发作≥2次,胆囊炎病史>2年,伴有右上腹体征（右上腹压痛、肝区叩痛、Murphy′s征阳性）,胆囊壁厚度≥3 mm和胆囊积液。结论：中转开腹的危险因素有近期胆囊炎发作频数、胆囊炎病史、右上腹体征、胆囊壁厚度和胆囊积液。术前仔细询问病史和完善检查,选择适合的LC患者和提高术者手术技术是降低LC中转开腹率的有效措施。对于存在危险因素的患者应适时的选择开腹手术。     

Iatrogenic gallbladder perforation during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: etiology and sequelae.

Iatrogenic perforation of the gallbladder (PGB) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) leads to spillage of bile and gallstones into the peritoneal cavity, which can result in serious postoperative infection. The objective of this study is to prospectively evaluate with long-term follow-up the risk factors, mechanisms, and complications associated with PGB in patients undergoing LC. Data from 1412 patients undergoing LC were collected prospectively between 1989 and 1995. Patients with and without iatrogenic gallbladder perforation were compared. Long-term follow-up was obtained using mailed questionnaires and telephone interviews, when needed. Of the 1412 patients, 512 (36%) sustained a PGB. Male sex, weight, gallbladder inflammation, thickening of the gallbladder, presence of adhesions, and a difficult hilar dissection were all associated with an increased incidence of PGB. The most common mechanisms of PGB were laceration due to grasper traction (55%) and electrocautery dissection (40%). Both the operating time and length of hospital stay were significantly longer in the PGB group. No difference was observed in the rate of wound infections between PGB and non-PGB patients (1.6% versus 1.8%). Only one patient (with an inflamed and perforated gallbladder) developed an early postoperative intra-abdominal abscess. Long-term follow-up averaging 48 months was achieved with a response rate of 44 per cent. No late intra-abdominal abscesses or complications attributable to retained gallstones were discovered.     

Open Cholecystectomy Has a Place in the Laparoscopic Era: a Retrospective Cohort Study

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is considered the gold standard for treatment of symptomatic gallbladder stones and has replaced the traditional open cholecystectomy (OC). The aim of this study is to evaluate the proper indications of the primary OC and conversion from LC and their predictive factors. This study includes all patients who underwent cholecystectomy between January 2011 and June 2016, whether open from the start (group A), conversion from laparoscopic approach (group B), or laparoscopic cholecystectomy (group C). There were 3269 patients underwent cholecystectomy. LC was completed in 3117 (95.4%) patients. The overall conversion rate was 83 (2.5%). The main two causes of conversion were adhesion in 35 (42.2%) patients and unclear anatomy in 29 (34.9%) patients. Primary OC was indicated in 69 (2.1%) patients due to previous history of upper abdominal operations in 16 (23.2%) patients and anesthetic problem in 21 (30.4%) patients. Age >60 years, male sex, diabetic patients, history of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, dilated common bile duct, gallbladder status, adhesion, and previous upper abdominal operation were demonstrated to be independent risk factors for OC. Open cholecystectomy still has a place in the era of laparoscopy. Conversion should not be a complication, but it represents a valuable choice to avoid an additional risk. Safe OC required training because of the causes of conversion, usually unsafe anatomy, occurrence of complications, or anesthetic problems, in order to prevent disastrous complications.     

老年患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床体会

目的：探讨腹腔镜手术治疗老年患者胆囊疾病的可行性及手术方法。方法：回顾分析2005年6月至2007年11月我院38例老年胆囊疾病患者行腹腔镜胆囊切除术（laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC）的临床资料。结果：38例手术均获成功,手术时间35~110min,平均50min,术后住院4~12d,平均7.6d。术后发生胆漏3例,均经引流自愈,未发生其他严重并发症。结论：老年患者行LC手术难度大,风险高,手术关键是把握手术时机,并具备高水平的腹腔镜手术技巧,加强围手术期的处理。