长链非编码RNA肿瘤抑制因子对阿霉素诱导的A549细胞凋亡的影响

目的 探究长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)对阿霉素（doxorubicin,DOX）诱导的肺癌细胞系A549细胞凋亡的影响。方法 采用高通量lncRNAs基因芯片技术,筛选出2 μmol/L的DOX处理组中差异表达的lncRNAs,同时通过实时荧光定量PCR技术进行复筛,得到差异表达最显著的lncRNA,lnc-ZMYM6-2-1,我们命名为lncRNA肿瘤抑制因子（tumor inhibitory factor,TIF）。进一步比较19对肺癌组织和癌旁组织样本中lncRNA TIF的表达差异。通过MitoTracker线粒体染色法检测lncRNA TIF对细胞线粒体分裂与融合的影响,通过流式细胞仪检测lncRNA TIF对细胞凋亡的影响。结果 ①通过基因芯片与实时荧光定量PCR检测发现,与不做处理的对照组相比,DOX处理组中lncRNA TIF表达显著上调（n=3;t=6.4,P<0.01）;②与癌旁组织比较lncRNA TIF在肺癌组织样本中低表达（n=19;t=18.5,P<0.01）;③敲低lncRNA TIF能够抑制DOX引起的线粒体分裂和细胞凋亡。结论 化疗药物DOX能够诱导lncRNA TIF的表达进而诱导细胞凋亡,其机制可能通过促进线粒体分裂来促进细胞凋亡。     

姜黄素对非小细胞肺癌细胞A549和H460放射敏感性的影响

目的 探讨姜黄素对非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）细胞A549和H460放射敏感性的影响,并探索长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）同源异型盒基因转录的反义基因间RNA（HOTAIR）在其中的调节机制。 方法 将培养的NSCLC细胞A549和H460根据处理方法的不同,采用4种方式进行分组。（1）分别将NSCLC细胞A549和H460分为6组:0、15、30、60、120和240 μmol/L姜黄素组,采用细胞计数试剂盒8（CCK-8）实验检测各组细胞的增殖活力;（2）分别将NSCLC细胞A549和H460分为8组:0、2、4、6 Gy γ射线照射组及其与30 μmol/L姜黄素联合组,采用CCK-8实验和平板克隆形成实验检测各组细胞的增殖活力;（3）将NSCLC细胞A549分为4组:空白对照组、30 μmol/L姜黄素组、4 Gy γ射线照射组和30 μmol/L姜黄素+4 Gy γ射线照射联合组,采用实时定量聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）实验检测各组细胞中5种促癌lncRNA和5种抑癌lncRNA的表达情况;（4）将NSCLC细胞A549分为6组:空白对照组、30 μmol/L姜黄素组、30 μmol/L姜黄素+lncRNA HOTAIR过表达组、4 Gy γ射线照射组、4 Gy γ射线照射+30 μmol/L姜黄素联合组和4 Gy γ射线照射+30 μmol/L姜黄素+lncRNA HOTAIR过表达组,采用CCK-8实验和平板克隆形成实验检测各组细胞的增殖活力。采用学生t检验进行统计学分析。 结果 （1）CCK-8实验结果显示,不同浓度的姜黄素处理可以剂量和时间依赖的方式降低NSCLC细胞A549和H460的增殖活力,且除了15 μmol/L姜黄素作用24 h之外,其余浓度和时间的姜黄素组与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义（t=3.884~5.731,P=0.000~0.043）。（2）CCK-8实验和克隆形成实验结果显示,30 μmol/L姜黄素+不同剂量的γ射线照射联合处理可使γ射线照射单独处理下的NSCLC细胞A549和H460的增殖活力和克隆形成能力进一步降低,差异有统计学意义（t=2.503~12.418,P=0.000~0.044）。（3）qRT-PCR实验结果显示,与空白对照组相比,lncRNA HOTAIR在γ射线单独处理后表达升高（t=3.317,P=0.040）,而30 μmol/L姜黄素单独处理和30 μmol/L姜黄素+4 Gy γ射线联合处理均可下调A549细胞中促癌lncRNA HOTAIR的表达（t=3.205、5.916,P=0.038、0.000）。（4）对HOTAIR进行过表达处理,可消除姜黄素对NSCLC细胞A549增殖的抑制并增强其放射敏感性（t=3.584~5.802,P=0.000~0.004）。 结论 姜黄素可以通过下调促癌lncRNA HOTAIR的表达从而抑制NSCLC细胞的增殖活力,并增强其放射敏感性。     

长链非编码RNA NBR2对乳腺癌细胞放射敏感性的影响

目的探讨长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）BRCA1相邻基因2（NBR2）（BRCA1为乳腺癌易感基因1）对乳腺癌MCF-7和MDA-MB-231细胞放射敏感性的影响。方法根据处理方法的不同,分别按以下方式将乳腺癌细胞MCF-7和MDA-MB-231进行分组。（1）分为3组:空白对照组、4 Gy γ射线照射组和8 Gy γ射线照射组,采用实时定量PCR检测lncRNA NBR2的表达。（2）分为4组:空白对照组、NBR2转染组、4 Gy γ射线照射组以及NBR2转染+γ射线照射联合组,采用3-（4,5-二甲基噻唑-2）-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐（MTT）方法来检测细胞增殖情况。（3）分为3组:空白对照组、NBR2单独转染组、NBR2+B细胞淋巴瘤2（BCL2）共转染组,对3组细胞进行不同剂量的γ射线照射,并采用MTT和克隆形成实验方法检测细胞生长情况。采用Student t-test对数据进行统计学分析,P<0.05表示差异有统计学意义。结果实时定量PCR结果显示,与空白对照组相比,4 Gy γ射线照射和8 Gy γ射线照射能够显著下调lncRNA NBR2的表达水平,差异有统计学意义（MCF-7:t=10.75、11.17,MDA-MB-231:t=11.22、12.31,均P<0.01）。MTT实验结果显示,与4 Gy γ射线照射组相比,NBR2转染+γ射线照射联合组的乳腺癌细胞增殖率明显降低,差异有统计学意义（MCF-7:t=10.55,MDA-MB-231:t=11.97,均P<0.01）。同时,lncRNA NBR2过表达可以明显下调BCL2的mRNA及蛋白表达水平。另外,与NBR2单独转染组相比,NBR2+BCL2共转染组中NBR2对细胞增殖的影响显著降低,差异有统计学意义（MCF-7:t=10.87,MDA-MB-231:t=11.37,均P<0.01）。结论辐照可以诱导lncRNA NBR2的表达水平降低,人为过表达NBR2能够抑制BCL2的蛋白表达水平,进而降低乳腺癌MCF-7和MDA-MB-231细胞的增殖能力,同时增强其放射敏感性。     

长链非编码RNA punisher对血管平滑肌细胞

目的探究长链非编码RNA（long noncoding RNA,lncRNA）punisher与动脉粥样硬化的关系及其对血管平滑肌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响及机制。方法12只健康纯种雄性8周龄载脂蛋白E（apolipoprotein E,ApoE ）基因敲除小鼠（ApoE-/- 小鼠）,通过高脂饲喂制作动脉粥样硬化模型小鼠（模型组）;12只健康C57BL/6J小鼠饲以基础饲料为对照组;人体血管平滑肌细胞系根据转染情况分为小干扰-punisher组和阴性对照（negative control,NC）组。通过荧光定量聚合酶链反应测定模型组与对照组小鼠主动脉弓的punisher表达。通过合成punisher的小干扰RNA作为反向对照抑制punisher在人血管平滑肌细胞中的表达,应用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应验证punisher表达情况;分别采用细胞计数试剂盒（cell counting kit-8,CCK-8）、划痕实验及流式细胞术检测抑制punisher表达对人血管平滑肌细胞增殖、迁移和凋亡的影响;蛋白印迹法检测B淋巴细胞瘤-2（B-cell leukemia-lymphoma-2,Bcl-2）、半胱氨酸的天冬氨酸蛋白水解酶3（cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3,caspase3）、caspase8、p-p38、p53凋亡相关蛋白的表达。结果①血脂4项及血管苏木精-伊红染色证明造模成功。荧光定量聚合酶链反应显示,动脉粥样硬化模型组小鼠血管punisher表达高于对照组（P＜0.05）;②CCK-8检测显示小干扰-punisher组的光密度值在转染36h之后低于NC组（t36=2.683、P＜0.05,t48=2.554、P＜0.05）;划痕实验显示小干扰-punisher组细胞迁移低于NC组（t=3.136、P<0.05）;③流式细胞术显示,小干扰-punisher组中凋亡细胞数占比多于NC组（22.6%和11.7%,χ2=4.245、P＜0.05）;④蛋白印迹法显示小干扰-punisher组Bcl-2、caspase3-30×103、p53蛋白表达水平明显低于NC组（t分别为9.546、5.647、5.42,P＜0.05）,caspase3-17×103蛋白表达水平高于NC组（t=4.892、 P＜0.05）。结论沉默lncRNA punisher可以促进血管平滑肌细胞的凋亡并抑制其增殖。     

高强度间歇训练对小鼠心肌线粒体质量控制系统相关蛋白和糖代谢限速酶的影响

目的：观察高强度间歇训练（HIIT）对心肌线粒体质量控制系统相关蛋白和糖代谢限速酶表达的影响，为阐明HIIT改善心肌能量代谢水平的机制提供理论依据。方法：将7周龄雄性C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为安静对照组（CON组，n=12）和高强度间歇训练组（HIIT组，n=12）。CON组小鼠不运动，HIIT组小鼠进行为期6周、每周5天的HIIT跑台训练。末次运动24 h后取小鼠心脏组织，剪取心脏组织左心室肌进行Western blot和RT-PCR实验。Western blot检测心肌线粒体质量控制系统相关蛋白和糖代谢限速酶的表达；RT-PCR检测心肌线粒体氧化磷酸化复合物Ⅰ～Ⅴ基因表达。结果：（1）HIIT对小鼠心肌线粒体质量控制系统相关蛋白的影响：与CON组相比，HIIT组线粒体生物发生蛋白过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体-γ共激活因子1α(PGC-1α)、核呼吸因子1(NRF1)和线粒体转录因子A(TFAM)的表达增加（P<0.01,P<0.05,P<0.05），线粒体融合蛋白2(MFN2)的表达减少（P<0.05），线粒体融合蛋白视神经萎缩蛋白1(OPA1)的表达增加（...     

长链非编码RNA双特异性磷酸酶5假基因1对三阴性乳腺癌细胞生物学行为的作用

目的 探讨长链非编码RNA （long non-coding RNA,lncRNA）双特异性磷酸酶5假基因1（dual-specificity phosphatase 5 pseudogene 1,DUSP5P1）对三阴性乳腺癌（triple negative breast cancer,TNBC）细胞生物学行为的作用。方法 采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测TNBC细胞系MDA-MB-231、4T1、MDA-MB-468及正常人乳腺导管上皮细胞MCF-10A中lncRNA DUSP5P1的表达水平;将MDA-MB-231细胞系分为对照组、sh-vector组和sh-DUSP5P1组,分别不感染慢病毒、只感染空载质粒及感染sh-DUSP5P1-慢病毒（lentivirus,lenti）。采用MTT实验和克隆形成实验检测细胞增殖能力,Transwell实验检测细胞侵袭和迁移能力,Western Blot实验检测上皮标志物E-cadherin和间质标志物Vimentin、Snail的表达。结果 TNBC细胞系MDA-MB-231、4T1及MDA-MB-468中lncRNA DUSP5P1的表达水平均明显高于正常人乳腺导管上皮细胞系MCF-10A（F=65.10,P<0.05）。细胞培养12、24、48、72 h后,sh-DUSP5P1组吸光度值（OD490值）明显低于对照组和sh-vector组（分别F=33.62,90.72,41.17,77.94;均P<0.05）。细胞培养7 d后,与对照组和sh-vector组比较,sh-DUSP5P1组克隆形成数明显下降（F=575.1,P<0.05）。敲减DUSP5P1后,TNBC细胞系MDA-MB-231侵袭和迁移能力明显下降（分别F=933.30,160.20;均P<0.05）,上皮标志物E-cadherin明显上升（F=6.21,P<0.05）,间质标志物Vimentin和Snail明显下降（分别F=100.11,227.37;均P<0.05）。结论 LncRNA DUSP5P1可能通过上皮间质转化过程促进TNBC细胞侵袭和迁移。     

长链非编码RNA肺腺癌转移相关转录因子1表达水平与颅内动脉瘤血管内治疗后复发的关系研究

【摘要】 目的 探讨颅内动脉瘤患者血管内栓塞治疗后长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）肺腺癌转移相关转录因子（MALAT）1表达水平与复发的关系。 方法 选取2016年3月至2018年9月在杭州市第九人民医院就诊的168例颅内动脉瘤患者作为研究对象,根据血管内栓塞治疗2年内颅内动脉瘤是否复发分为复发组（n=31）和未复发组（n=137）。采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）法检测lncRNA MALAT1表达水平,并分析其与复发的关系。 结果 复发组术前和术后lncRNA MALAT1表达水平均高于未复发组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;1∶1倾向性评分匹配后,复发组术后lncRNA MALAT1表达水平高于未复发组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。logistic回归分析结果显示,动脉瘤颈、Raymond分级、术后lncRNA MALAT1均为颅内动脉瘤患者血管内栓塞治疗后复发的独立风险因素（P＜0.05）。限制性立方样条拟合logistic回归分析结果显示,术后lncRNA MALAT1与颅内动脉瘤患者血管内栓塞治疗后复发呈线性关系。 结论 颅内动脉瘤患者血管内栓塞治疗后lncRNA MALAT1表达水平降低。术后低lncRNA MALAT1提示颅内动脉瘤患者血管内栓塞治疗后复发风险低。     

HMGB1-RAGE/TLRs-NF-κB信号通路中关键蛋白的表达与糖尿病肾病的关系

目的探究高迁移率族蛋白1（HMGB1）-晚期糖基化终产物受体（RAGE）/Toll样受体（TLRs）-核转录因子-κB（NF-κB）信号通路中关键蛋白的表达与糖尿病肾病的关系。方法C57BL/6雄性小鼠注射链脲菌素（STZ）建立糖尿病肾病（DN）模型列为DN组,生理盐水替代列为对照组,在DN组基础上给予胰岛素治疗列为治疗组,对比3组小鼠体质量、血糖、尿白蛋白定量和HMGB1-RAGE/TLRs-NF-κB信号通路中关键蛋白水平差异。另外给予DN组小鼠HMGB1拮抗剂A Box注射,观察注射前后小鼠尿白蛋白和肾组织切片变化。结果与对照组相比,DN组和治疗组小鼠体质量、血糖和尿白蛋白定量均明显增加（P<0.01）;与DN组相比,治疗组上述各指标均明显下降（P<0.05）。建模完成后各时间段,DN组HMGB1、RAGE、TLR4,NF-κB蛋白水平均较对照组明显升高（P<0.05）,治疗组小鼠HMGB1、RAGE、TLR2、TLR4和NF-κB蛋白水平均较对照组明显升高（P<0.05）。DN组和治疗组HMGB1、RAGE、TLR2、TLR4和NF-κB mRNA水平均明显高于对照组（P<0.01）。与DN组小鼠相比,治疗组小鼠各时间段上述几种蛋白和mRNA水平均明显偏低（P<0.05）。给予A Box后,生理盐水处理小鼠组织学染色无明显变化（P=0.933）,DN模型小鼠肾小管间质胶原蛋白沉淀明显减少（P=0.013）。结论HMGB1-RAGE/TLRs-NF-κB信号通路关键蛋白HMGB1、RAGE、TLR2、TLR4和NF-κB在糖尿病肾病小鼠中表达增高,阻断HMGB1和RAGE、TLRs结合能够阻止糖尿病肾病发展。     

γ射线胸部照射小鼠早期肺组织的免疫细胞反应

目的 探索γ射线胸部照射小鼠早期肺组织免疫相关T淋巴细胞反应。 方法 将112只C57BL/6 雄性小鼠[6~8 周龄,（20±2） g]采用随机数字表法随机分为14组（照射组和对照组各7组）,每组8只。照射组小鼠进行单次20 Gy 60Co γ射线胸部照射,分别在照射后第3 、12 小时和第1 、2 、3 、7 、14 天用流式细胞仪检测肺组织的白细胞、T淋巴细胞（CD3+）及其CD4+和CD8+亚群、调节性T细胞（Treg）等免疫细胞比例的变化。两组间比较采用 t 检验。 结果 照射后的小鼠肺组织白细胞显著降低（t=3.446~7.781,均P<0.01）;CD3+T细胞在照射后早期（第3小时至第2天）降低明显（t=4.413~15.430,均P<0.01）;Treg （CD4+CD25+Foxp3+）显著升高（t=2.813~4.406,均P<0.05）;CD4+在照射后早期（第3小时和第12小时）减少（t=5.019、4.912,均P<0.01）,1 d后恢复至对照组水平;CD8+在照射后早期（第3小时和第12小时）无明显变化,第1天和第3天降低明显（t=6.736、4.738,均P<0.01）,第7 天后升高（t=7.537、3.903,均P<0.01）;CD4+/CD8+比值在照射后12 h内降低（t=5.624、4.083,均P<0.01）,第1天和第3天升高明显（t=13.410、5.702,均P<0.01）,但7 d后又下降（t=5.505、3.928,均P<0.01）。 结论 胸部照射小鼠早期肺组织免疫相关细胞呈现各种不同变化,这可能与辐射导致免疫细胞损伤以及机体应激反应产生的免疫应答有关。     

氯胺酮对大鼠心肌细胞搏动频率及存活率的影响

目的 观察不同剂量的氯胺酮对大鼠心肌细胞搏动频率及存活率的影响,探讨其心肌变时效应以及是否存在细胞毒性。方法 ①取原代培养的SD大鼠心室肌细胞,随机分为6组,即对照组、1μmol/L、10μmol/L、60μmol/L、100μmol/L和300μmol/L氯胺酮组(n=15孔),在倒置相差显微镜下分别计数氯胺酮作用前及作用30min后心肌细胞的搏动频率。②原代培养的SD大鼠心室肌细胞,随机分为5组,即对照组、10μmol/L、60μmol/L、100μmol/L、300μmol/L氯胺酮组(n=16孔),用四唑盐比色法在酶标仪上测定氯胺酮作用1h后各组细胞的光密度值。结果 ①1μmol/L、10μmol/L、60μmol/L和100μmol/L氯胺酮组,给药前后心肌细胞搏动频率无明显变化(P>0.05);300μmol/L氯胺酮组心肌细胞的搏动频率由给药前的(104.5±4.2)/min减慢至(98.2±4.0)/min(P<0.01);②10μmol/L、60μmol/氯胺酮组光密度值与对照组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05);而100μmol/L、300μmol/L氨胺酮组光密度值分别较对照组降低9.9％(P<0.05)和16.1％(P<0.01)。结论 ①≤100μmol/L的氯胺酮不影响心肌细胞的搏动频率;300μmol/L的氯胺酮对心肌细胞起负性变时效应;②高浓度、超临床浓度的氯胺酮降低心肌细胞的存活率,可能有一定的心肌毒性。     

D-二聚体、纤溶酶原激活物抑制物在急性肾衰竭患者血液净化中的临床意义

目的探讨急性肾衰竭(ARF)时D-二聚体(D-D)、纤溶酶原激活物抑制物(PAI)在不同的血液净化方法中的动态变化及临床意义。方法对我院2007年1月—2010年3月急诊住院58例ARF患者血液净化前、净化后4 h及38例健康人进行血浆中D-D含量及PAI水平测定。ARF患者血液净化方法随机采用血液透析(HD)(31例)、血液透析滤过(HDF)(27例)。结果 ARF患者D-D含量及PAI水平较对照组明显升高[D-D(0.83±0.04)与(0.48±0.03)mg/L,P=0.000 2;PAI(14.95±0.73)与(8.03±0.30)103kat/L,P<0.0001;]HD治疗4 h后D-D含量和PAI活性较治疗前升高[D-D(0.89±0.05)与(1.48±0.37)mg/L,P=0.018;PAI(14.89±1.78)与(22.10±3.56)103kat/L,P=0.025],而HDF治疗后D-D含量和PAI无明显变化[D-D(0.91±0.06)与(1.12±0.09)mg/L,P=0.65;PAI(15.81±1.98)与(16.10±2.56)103kat/L,P=0.86]。结论 ARF患者D-D、PAI水平升高,存在凝血-纤溶系统的紊乱,HD可以加重这种改变,而采用HDF治疗可避免对患者凝血机能的影响,在急性肾衰竭治疗中有一定临床价值。     

高压氧辅助治疗对卒中后抑郁患者血清5-HT、NE及神经功能的影响

目的：观察高压氧（HBO）辅助治疗对卒中后抑郁（PSD）患者血清5-羟色胺（5-HT）、去甲肾上腺素（NE）及神经功能的影响。方法70例PSD患者根据数字表法随机分为2组,对照组（n=35例）采用常规措施治疗,观察组（n=35例）待确定活动性出血已稳定或已趋于稳定后,在对照组治疗基础上加用HBO治疗。两组疗程均为30d,比较两组患者治疗前后血清5-HT、NE表达水平及汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）、中国脑卒中量表（CSS）,改良Barthel指数（MBI）评分变化。结果两组患者治疗后血清5-HT、NE表达水平均明显升高（P<0.05）,且观察组升高较对照组更为显著（P<0.05）;两组患者治疗后HAMD、CSS评分明显降低（P<0.05）,而MBI评分明显升高（P<0.05）,且观察组降低或升高较对照组更为显著（P<0.05）。结论 HBO辅助治疗可明显升高PSD患者血清5-HT、NE表达水平,改善抑郁状态和神经功能。     

Image quality dependence on in-plane positions and directions for MDCT images

Objective

The present study was performed to examine the dependence of image quality on in-plane position and direction in computed tomography (CT) imaging using the modulation transfer function (MTF), noise power spectrum (NPS) and analysis of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). For detailed analysis of SNR, the low-contrast detectability was compared using simulated small low-contrast objects.

Materials and methods

Three models of multidetector-row CT (MDCT) were employed. The measurement positions for MTF were set to the isocentre and several peripheral areas, and NPS and SNR were calculated for the isocentre and 128 mm off-centre. To evaluate directional dependence, the one-dimensional physical properties were measured separately in the radial and azimuthal directions. Seven radiological technologists also performed a perceptual detection study at the different in-plane positions using computer-simulated low-contrast images.

Results

The results of MTF and SNR differed between the isocentre and the peripheral area. The MTF values also tended to decrease with distance from the isocentre, and the SNR values in the low frequency range for the peripheral area were superior to those for the isocentre. In the detection study, the low-contrast detectability in the peripheral area was 13-40% higher than the value in the isocentre.

Conclusion

The results of the present study indicated that clinical CT images have remarkable non-uniformity of image quality. Therefore, the detailed analysis performed in this study will provide useful information for the development of advanced image processing applications, such as computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) and de-noising of CT images.     

Anterior interosseous nerve lession and distal myoclonus revealing a parsonage turner syndrome associated with hashimoto thyroiditys

Parsonage-Turner Syndrome (PTS), also known as brachial neuritis or neuralgic amyotrophy, is a rare disorder affecting 2 to 3 individuals per 100,000 each year. Abrupt onset shoulder pain, followed by motor weakness, paresthesia and hypoesthesia, is usually reported, lasting several months with variable recovery. The etiology of the disease may be idiopathic or triggered by an underlying autoimmune disease in genetically susceptible individuals. Our report addresses a unique case of Parsonage-Turner Syndrome in a patient suffering from concurrent Hashimoto Thyroiditis. A previously healthy A 22 year-old female was referred to the Department of Neurology after complaints of sudden-onset motor weakness in her left upper limb. On physical examination, the patient could not make an “Ok sign” with her thumb and distal phalanx or form a complete fist, revealing weakness within the anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve. Further testing with electromyography demonstrated muscular atrophy within the arm''s anterior compartment, forearm, and triceps brachii of the posterior compartment. Additional imaging and physical examination were unremarkable, confirming our diagnosis of PTS. Furthermore, lab reports revealed elevated levels of anti-thyroglobulin and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies and our patient was concurrently diagnosed with Hashimoto''s thyroiditis.This case aims to highlight the rare co-occurrence of Hashimoto''s thyroiditis with Parsonage-Turner Syndrome in an otherwise healthy patient. A 2014 study published by Nugent et al. had also shed light on brachial neuritis in a patient suffering from autoimmune connective tissue disease, and through this case study, we hope to add to the growing literature regarding the correlation between PTS and autoimmune diseases. Symptoms of PTS can easily be misdiagnosed given its similarity to other peripheral neuropathies, and careful assessment and thorough understanding of the disease is required to successfully distinguish it from other neurological pathologies.     

Validity of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value in diagnosis and follow-up of multiple sclerosis patients in different clinical subtypes

Background

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease with a wide range of pathologic changes that modify the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value.

脑梗死患者血清同型半胱氨酸检测的临床意义

目的：探讨脑梗死患者血清同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）水平的变化及临床意义。方法：应用比色法对44例脑梗死患者（脑梗死组）进行血清Hcy水平测定,并与40例健康正常人（对照组）作比较。结果：脑梗死组血清Hcy水平（21.42±3.19μmol/L）明显高于对照组（12.04±2.46μmol/L）。结论：脑梗死患者血清Hcy水平明显升高,可作为预测脑梗死发生、发展的敏感指标。     

强直性脊柱炎80例临床研究

1985年,我院内科对800例患腰背痛,其中部分为外院疑有强直性脊柱炎(AS)的病人,进行了临床及HLA-B_(27)检查。根据纽约诊断标准,确诊为AS病者80例,其发病年龄多在12～30岁之间,男女之比例为6.3∶1;72例AS病人之HLA-B_(27)阳性,5例病人有家族史,提示本病与遗传因素有关。部分病人做到了早期诊断。我们认为,对患腰背痛的病人进行HLA-B_(27)检查,可提高医生对AS发病之警觉。     

Humane metapneumovirus (HMPV) associated pulmonary infections in immunocompromised adults—Initial CT findings,disease course and comparison to respiratory-syncytial-virus (RSV) induced pulmonary infections

Aim

To describe computed tomography (CT)-imaging findings in human metapneumovirus (HMPV)-related pulmonary infection as well as their temporal course and to analyze resemblances/differences to pulmonary infection induced by the closely related respiratory-syncytial-virus (RSV) in immunocompromised patients.

Materials and methods

Chest-CT-scans of 10 HMPV PCR-positive patients experiencing pulmonary symptoms were evaluated retrospectively with respect to imaging findings and their distribution and results were then compared with data acquired in 13 patients with RSV pulmonary infection. Subsequently, we analyzed the course of chest-findings in HMPV patients.

Results

In HMPV, 8/10 patients showed asymmetric pulmonary findings, whereas 13/13 patients with RSV-pneumonia presented more symmetrical bilateral pulmonary infiltrates. Image analysis yielded in HMPV patients following results: ground-glass-opacity (GGO) (n = 6), parenchymal airspace consolidations (n = 5), ill-defined nodular-like centrilobular opacities (n = 9), bronchial wall thickening (n = 8). In comparison, results in RSV patients were: GGO (n = 10), parenchymal airspace consolidations (n = 9), ill-defined nodular-like centrilobular opacities (n = 10), bronchial wall thickening (n = 4). In the course of the disease, signs of acute HMPV interstitial pneumonia regressed transforming temporarily in part into findings compatible with bronchitis/bronchiolitis.

Conclusions

Early chest-CT findings in patients with HMPV-related pulmonary symptoms are compatible with asymmetric acute interstitial pneumonia accompanied by signs of bronchitis; the former transforming with time into bronchitis and bronchiolitis before they resolve. On the contrary, RSV-induced pulmonary infection exhibits mainly symmetric acute interstitial pneumonia.     

Comparison of double inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging (DIR-MRI) and dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in detection of prostate cancer: A pilot study

IntroductionDCE-MRI is established for detecting prostate cancer (PCa). However, it requires a gadolinium contrast agent, with potential risks for patients. The application of DIR-MRI is simple and may allow cancer detection without the use of an intravenous contrast agent by differentially nullifying signal from normal and abnormal prostate tissue, creating contrast between the cancer and background normal prostate. In this pilot study we gathered data from DIR-MRI and DCE-MRI of the prostate for an equivalence trial. We also looked at how the DIR-MRI appearance varies with the aggressiveness of PCa.MethodDIR-MRI and DCE-MRI were acquired. The images were assessed by an experienced Consultant Radiologist and a novice reporter (Radiographer). The potential PCa lesions were quantified using a lesion to normal ratio (LNR). Radiological pathological correlation was made to identify the MRI lesions that represented significant PCa. A Wilcoxon sign rank was used to compare DCE-LNR and DIR-LNR for PCa containing lesions. Pearson's correlation was used to look at the relationship between DIR-LNR and PCa grade group (aggressiveness).ResultsDCE-LNR and DIR-LNR were found to be significantly different (Z = −5.910, p < 0.001). However, a significant correlation was found between PCa grade group and DIR-LNR.ConclusionDIR and DCE sequences are not equivalent and significant cancer is more conspicuous on the DCE sequence. However, DIR-LNR does correlate with PCa aggressiveness.Implications for practiceWith the correlation of PCa grade group with DIR-LNR this may be a useful sequence in evaluation of the prostate; stratifying the risk of there being clinically significant PCa before biopsy is performed. Furthermore, given that DIR-LNR appears to predict PCa aggressiveness DIR might be used as part of a multiparametric MRI protocol designed to avoid biopsy.     

CT and MR features of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in children and young adults

AIM: To clarify CT and MR features of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in children and young adults. METHOD: CT and MR findings of 13 patients (30 years old or younger) with a histopathologic diagnosis of NPC were reviewed. RESULTS: Skull base invasion (12/13), lymphadenopathy (10/13), and infiltrative growth (8/8) were common findings. The signal intensity of tumours was slightly higher than that of muscles in six cases and isointense to that of muscles in two cases on T1-weighted images; it was higher than that of muscle and lower than that of cerebellar grey matter on T2-weighted images in all cases. Internal signals were homogeneous in both pre- and post-Gd-enhanced MR images in all cases. CONCLUSIONS: Despite its rarity in this age group, NPC should be included in a differential diagnosis when CT and MR imaging reveal these features.