Therapie der retinalen angiomatösen Proliferation im Stadium III

Retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP) is a subtype of exudative age-related macular degeneration which is characterized by an intraretinal origin of the lesion and a particularly poor prognosis. In this retrospective case study 33 eyes from 33 patients with stage III RAP lesions were included and initially treated with 3 intravitreal injections of 0.5 mg ranibizumab at monthly intervals. Criteria for extended treatment were visual deterioration, fresh bleeding, residual fluid or increase of the central retinal thickness in optical coherence tomography (OCT) as well as persisting activity in fluorescence angiography (FLA). The follow-up period was 8 months. The mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) increased insignificantly from logMAR 0.71 at the start of therapy to logMAR 0.67 after the first 3 intravitreal treatment injections and remained stable up to 8 months. The mean decrease of the central retinal thickness after 4 months (-90 µm) and after 8 months (-70 µm) was significant. Of the patients included in the study 67 % were treated repeatedly and the mean frequency of reinjections was 2.27 injections after 8 months. The intravitreal injection of ranibizumab in patients with stage III RAP lesions resulted in functional and anatomical stabilization. In most cases repeated treatment is necessary which underlines the urgent need for close surveillance in follow-up     

Effects of three consecutive monthly intravitreal injection of ranibizumab for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy in Korea

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of three consecutive monthly injections of intravitreal ranibizumab for the treatment of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) in Korea. METHODS: A retrospective chart review of 25 patients (27 eyes) with PCV was conducted. Patients received three initial monthly intravitreal injections (0.5 mg) of ranibizumab and were monitored monthly for 12mo between January 2010 and October 2011. Reinjection of ranibizumab after three initial monthly loading was administered on an as-needed basis, guided by the optical coherence tomography (OCT), fluorescein angiography (FA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). The main outcomes were the changes of the mean best corrected Snellen visual acuity (VA), central macular thickness (CMT) by OCT, the changes of polyps and branching vascular network by FA and ICGA, and total number of injections received by patients during the 12mo. RESULTS: The mean best corrected Snellen visual acuities at baseline, 1, 3, 6 and 12mo after primary injection were 0.77±0.59, 0.76±0.53, 0.70±0.47, 0.63±0.43, 0.61±0.43, 0.62±0.42 logMAR, respectively, and showed significant improvement at 3, 6, 12mo (P=0.003, P=0.002, P=0.018, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). The mean CMT at baseline, 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12mo was 312.41±66.38 μm, 244.59±71.47 μm, 232.32±69.41 μm, 226.69±69.03 μm, 228.62±37.07 μm, 227.59±51.01 μm respectively, and showed significant reduction (all P<0.001, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Polypoidal lesions resolved on ICGA in 3 eyes (11.1%) and a branching vascular network remained in all 24 eyes (88.9%). A total of 106 injections were given in the 12-month period, which equaled to a mean of 3.92 (range, 3-6) times. Sixteen of the 27 treated eyes had additional 1.56±0.91 injections. The others (11 eyes) had just 3 consecutive injections. CONCLUSION: An initial loading dose of three monthly ranibizumab injections is a safe and effective method in treating PCV, with visual and anatomical improvement over one year follow-up.     

抗血管内皮生长因子单克隆抗体ranibizumab治疗渗出型老年性黄斑变性的一年疗效观察

目的 观察连续12个月玻璃体腔注射抗血管内皮生长因子单克隆抗体ranibizumab(商品名Lucentis)治疗渗出型老年性黄斑变性(AMD)的临床疗效和安全性.方法 前瞻、无对照、开放性研究.经荧光素眼底血管造影(FFA)和吲哚青绿血管造影(ICGA)检查确诊的22例渗出型AMD患者22只眼纳入研究.患者中,男性18例,女性4例;年龄46～79岁,平均年龄(68.2±9.3)岁.采用国际标准视力表行最佳矫正视力(BCVA)和光相干断层扫描(OCT)检查,非接触眼压计测量眼压.为便于统计分析,视力换算为最小分辨角对数视力(logMAR).患眼BCVA 0.01～0.9,平均BCVA 0.26±0.22,平均logMAR0.76±0.44;黄斑中心视网膜厚度(CRT) 182～559 μm,平均CRT值为(302.62±90.18)μm.眼压均正常.玻璃体腔注射10 mg/ml的ranibizumab 0.05 ml(含ranibizumab 0.5 mg),每一个月1次,连续12个月.每次治疗后1h和治疗后1d行眼压检查.每一个月均采用首次治疗前的方法和设备行视力、眼压、眼底、OCT检查;3个月行FFA、ICGA检查.22例患者中,完成了12个月随访者13例.13例患者平均logMAR 0.74±0.37,平均CRT值为(305.77±99.69) μm,平均眼压为(12.07±3.93) mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa).采用配对t检验对比分析治疗过程中视力、CRT变化.结果 所有患眼治疗后1个月,平均logMAR为0.52±0.32,与首次治疗前平均logMAR比较,差异有统计学意义(t=4.518,P＜0.05);治疗后3个月,平均logMAR为0.37±0.27,与首次治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(t=6.237,P＜0.05).完成12个月随访的13只眼,治疗后1、3、12个月平均logMAR分别为0.51±0.34、0.35±0.26、0.34±0.30,与首次治疗前平均logMAR比较,差异均有统计学意义(t=3.443,5.438,4.756;P＜0.05).治疗后1、3个月平均CRT值分别为(228.85±54.93)、(231.00±38.94) μm,与首次治疗前平均CRT值比较,差异有统计学意义(t=2.914,3.199;P＜0.05);治疗后12个月平均CRT值为(262.92±70.48)μm,与首次治疗前平均CRT值比较,差异无统计学意义(t=1.408,P＞0.05).前3次治疗视力提高最快,6只眼视力从0.1～＜0.5提高到0.5及以上;随访第1个月时CRT降低幅度最大.玻璃体注射ranibizumab后1h眼压升高,1d后降至治疗前水平.随访中未见眼内感染等与玻璃体腔注射相关的并发症.结论 每一个月玻璃体腔注射1次ranibizumab可以提高患眼视力,减轻黄斑水肿;无与治疗相关的不良反应发生.     

Intravitreal ranibizumab treatment of retinal angiomatous proliferation

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of intravitreal injections of ranibizumab in the treatment of retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP) in neovascular age‐related macular degeneration. Methods: Retrospective, consecutive case series of 26 eyes (26 patients) treated with intravitreal injections of 0.5 mg ranibizumab for RAP. Patients received intravitreal injections at monthly intervals during upload phase for a 3‐month period. Results: Mean visual acuity before treatment was 0.75 ± 0.38logMAR (mean ± SD, n = 26). In the upload phase, mean visual acuity improved 4 weeks after the initial injection to 0.6 ± 0.37logMAR (n = 26) and to 0.53 ± 0.34logMAR (n = 26) 4 weeks after the third monthly intravitreal injection of ranibizumab. The mean optical coherence tomography (OCT) central foveal thickness reduced from 345 ± 55 μm at baseline to 215 ± 87 μm at 3 months. In the maintenance phase, mean visual acuity after 6 months was 0.66 ± 0.38logMAR (n = 12) and 0.7 ± 0.37logMAR after 9 months (n = 6). The mean OCT central foveal thickness was 259 ± 59 μm (n = 13) at 6 months and 280 ± 127 μm (n = 6) at nine‐month follow‐up. Conclusion: Intravitreal ranibizumab resulted in an improvement of visual acuity 4 weeks after the first injection but was more pronounced after 3 months. A reduction in leakage and OCT central foveal thickness was seen 3 months after the commencement of treatment.     

Intravitreal bevacizumab (avastin) for choroidal neovascularization secondary to central serous chorioretinopathy, secondary to punctate inner choroidopathy, or of idiopathic origin

PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab in the treatment of idiopathic choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and CNV secondary to central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) or punctate inner choroidopathy (PIC). DESIGN: Prospective, nonrandomized, interventional case series. METHODS: In an institutional clinical practice, 15 patients were recruited; nine had idiopathic CNV, two had CNV secondary to CSC, and four had CNV attributable to PIC. Patients received three monthly 1.25-mg intravitreal bevacizumab injections for three months. Patients were followed for six months, and the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fluorescein angiography (FA) findings, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) central foveal thickness (CFT) were assessed. RESULTS: At baseline, the mean logMAR BCVA was 0.48 (Snellen equivalent = 20/60). The mean logMAR BCVA improved significantly to 0.25 (Snellen equivalent = 20/36) and 0.17 (Snellen equivalent = 20/30) at one and six months, respectively (both P = .001). The mean OCT CFT reduced from 306 microm at baseline to 201 microm at six months (P < .001). All eyes (100%) had visual improvement of 1 line or more at six months, and 11 (73.3%) improved by 2 or more lines. FA showed absence of CNV leakage, the angiographic end point, at three months, and no recurrence was observed at six months in all eyes. No systemic or ocular adverse events were encountered. CONCLUSIONS: Intravitreal bevacizumab injections resulted in visual and anatomic improvements in eyes with idiopathic CNV and CNV attributable to CSC or PIC. Further studies are warranted to assess the long-term safety and the regimen for optimal efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab.     

Intravitreal ranibizumab (Lucentis®) in the treatment of retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP)

Background  Retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP) is a distinct variant of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The aim of this study is to evaluate the functional and anatomic outcome after intravitreal ranibizumab (Lucentis) treatment in patients with RAP. Methods  Prospective study of consecutive patients with newly diagnosed or recurrent RAP treated with intravitreal ranibizumab at the Jules Gonin Eye Hospital between March 2006 and December 2007. Baseline and monthly follow-up visits included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus exam and optical coherence tomography. Fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography were performed at baseline and repeated at least every 3 months. Results  Thirty-one eyes of 31 patients were treated with 0.5 mg of intravitreal ranibizumab for RAP between March 2006 and December 2007. The mean age of the patients was 82.6 years (SD:4.9). The mean number of intravitreal injections administered for each patient was 5 (SD: 2.4, range 3 to 12). The mean follow up was 13.4 months (SD: 3, range 10 to 22). The baseline mean logMAR BCVA was 0.72 (SD: 0.45) (decimal equivalent of 0.2). The mean logMAR BCVA was improved significantly (P < 0.0001) at the last follow-up to 0.45, SD: 0.3 (decimal equivalent 0.35). The visual acuity (VA) improved by a mean of 2.7 lines (SD 2.5). Mean baseline central macular thickness (CMT) was 376 μm, and decreased significantly to a mean of 224 μm (P < 0.001) at the last follow-up. Mean reduction of CMT was 152 μm (SD: 58). An average of 81.5% of the total visual improvement and 85% of the total CMT reduction occurred during the first post-operative month after one intravitreal injection of ranibizumab. During follow-up, an RPE tear occurred in one eye (3.2%) of the study group. No injection complications or systemic drug-related side-effects were noted during the follow-up period. Conclusions  Intravitreal ranibizumab injections appeared to be an effective and safe treatment for RAP, resulting in visual gain and reduction in macular thickness. Further long-term studies to evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal ranibizumab in RAP are warranted.     

光动力疗法延长照射时间联合玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗治疗后极部孤立性脉络膜血管瘤疗效观察

目的观察光动力疗法(PDT)延长照射时间联合玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗治疗后极部孤立性脉络膜血管瘤(CCH)的疗效。方法回顾性临床研究。2012年3月至2018年3月于深圳市眼科医院检查确诊的CCH患者51例51只眼纳入研究。其中,瘤体位于黄斑区36只眼,位于黄斑外(旁中心外或视盘周边)15只眼。所有患者均行BCVA、眼底彩色照相、FFA、眼B型超声、OCT检查。BCVA检查采用国际标准视力表进行,统计时换算为logMAR视力。51只眼中,伴黄斑区浆液性视网膜脱离48只眼。瘤体位于黄斑区、黄斑外的患眼平均logMAR BCVA分别为0.05±0.05、0.32±0.15;肿瘤厚度、直径分别为(4.5±2.2)、(3.8±1.4)mm和(9.7±3.6)、(7.7±1.9)mm。患眼均行PDT治疗,照射时间123 s;48 h后玻璃体腔注射10 mg/ml雷珠单抗0.05 ml(含雷珠单抗0.5 mg)。治疗后1、3、6个月采用治疗前相同设备和方法行相关检查。观察患眼BCVA、视网膜下积液(SRF)、瘤体渗漏情况及大小变化。治疗前后BCVA、瘤体厚度和直径比较行t检验。结果治疗后6个月,所有患眼瘤体缩小,未见瘢痕形成;瘤体内血管较治疗前稀疏,荧光素渗漏减少,其中未见荧光素渗漏8只眼;伴黄斑区浆液性视网膜脱离的48只眼中,视网膜平复43只眼。瘤体位于黄斑区、黄斑外的患眼平均logMAR BCVA分别为0.16±0.15、0.55±0.21。与治疗前平均logMAR BCVA比较,差异均有统计学意义(t=-2.511、-2.676,P=0.036、0.040)。与治疗前比较,不同位置患眼肿瘤厚度(t=3.416、3.055,P=0.011、0.028)、直径(t=4.385、4.171,P=0.002、0.009)均降低,差异均有统计学意义。结论延长PDT照射时间联合玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗治疗可使CCH瘤体缩小,BCVA提高。     

Combined surgical ablation and intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide for retinal angiomatous proliferation

PURPOSE: Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) with retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP) has a poor natural history and the efficacy of any treatment has not yet been established. The authors describe a combined surgical treatment. METHODS: A 76-year-old woman presented with a best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/600 in the right eye and macula with stage 3 RAP as identified by fluorescein angiography (FA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), and optical coherence tomography (OCT). After a standard three-port pars plana core vitrectomy (PPV), endodiathermy of the arteriolar and venous feeder vessels of each lesion was performed, intraretinal RAP feeder vessels were cut with manual vertical intraocular scissors, and 0.1 mL of triamcinolone acetonide (TAAC) was injected intravitreally. At 1 and 4 weeks and at the sixth month, the patient underwent a complete eye examination, FA, ICGA, and OCT to assess outcomes and complications. RESULTS: Six months later, BCVA was stable at 20/300, intraocular pressure was 15 mmHg, anterior segment and vitreous cavity were clear without evidence of TAAC granules, and retina was attached. FA and ICGA showed a complete occlusion of the RAP and absence of leakage or ischemia and OCT demonstrated decreased macular thickness with resolution of both intraretinal edema and pigment epithelium detachment, and the restoration of the normal macular profile. At the end of follow-up, the authors did not observe any ocular or systemic complication. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical approach to RAP stage 3 with intravitreal injection of 4 mg of TAAC was safe and anatomically effective.     

Combination treatment of photodynamic therapy with verteporfin and intravitreal ranibizumab in patients with retinal angiomatous proliferation

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and safety of initial photodynamic therapy (PDT) with a ranibizumab loading dose of three monthly intravitreal injections and a subsequent PRN ranibizumab regimen in the treatment of retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP). Methods: In this 12‐month prospective case series, 15 patients underwent PDT followed by 3 intravitreal ranibizumab injections at monthly intervals. At monthly follow‐up examinations, further single ranibizumab injections were given in case of any intra‐ or subretinal fluid on optical coherence tomography (OCT), visual loss ≥5 letters or signs of activity on fluorescein or indocyanine green angiography. Results: Best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved from 58.1 ± 13.2 at baseline by 9.2 letters (SD ± 8.5; p = 0.004) at 6 months and by 8.7 letters (SD ± 11.4; p = 0.017) at 12 months. Neither at 6 nor at 12 months, any patient had lost ≥15 letters. The mean number of injections per patient was 4.8 (SD ± 1.4) in the first year of therapy after PDT. The average time to first retreatment was 3.7 months (range 1–7 months). No serious adverse events, such as endophthalmitis or retinal detachment, were noted. Conclusion: PDT with 3 ranibizumab loading injections and subsequent ranibizumab as needed resulted in a significant gain of 8.7 ± 11.4 letters at month 12. This regimen is safe and efficacious, but even in a population of mostly early stages of RAP, retreatment rates remained high.     

眼底血管样条纹并发脉络膜新生血管的临床特征及联合治疗

目的 分析眼底血管样条纹（AS）并发CNV的临床特征,探讨光动力疗法（PDT）联合玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗治疗AS合并黄斑病变的临床疗效及安全性。方法 回顾性系列病例研究。分析21例（42眼）AS的临床资料,包括BCVA、眼底表现、FFA、ICGA以及OCT。其中18例（22眼）合并黄斑CNV,先采用PDT治疗,3 d内玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗,治疗后定期随访,至少随访12个月。随访时如发现视力下降、黄斑区出现新病灶、视网膜下或层间积液、CNV活动性病变,则重复玻璃体腔注射。数据采用独立样本t检验或配对样本t检验进行分析。结果 本组21例患者均双眼发病,仅5例（24%）合并全身病变,男性为主（76%）,其中18例（86%）继发黄斑CNV,BCVA显著低于病变未侵及黄斑者。联合治疗的22眼末次随访时BCVA较治疗前提高10.4个字母;OCT示治疗后黄斑区视网膜厚度从基线的（338.4±55.2）μm降至（212.6±36.2）μm;FFA（ICGA）显示15眼（68%）CNV完全闭合,渗漏消失,5眼呈瘢痕染色。所有患者接受1次PDT,平均玻璃体腔注射次数3.2次。1例PDT后出现黄斑区视网膜下出血,行玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗后出血吸收,5例发生一过性眼压升高,4例出现结膜下出血,均完全恢复,无其他明显眼部及全身不良反应。结论 眼底AS具有特殊的眼底表现,FFA（ICGA）有助于明确诊断,相当比例的患者可继发黄斑部CNV。PDT联合玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗能有效控制AS合并黄斑病变的病情进展,显著改善患者视功能,减少CNV渗漏,且不良反应少。     

Bevacizumab versus ranibizumab in the treatment of exudative age-related macular degeneration

The purpose of this article is to describe functional and morphological short-term results in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) of all subtypes, treated with intravitreal bevacizumab versus intravitreal ranibizumab. This was a retrospective case-controlled series of 30 patients treated with intravitreal bevacizumab and 30 patients treated with intravitreal ranibizumab for exudative AMD. All patients received three initial injections every 4 weeks. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) as well as greatest linear dimension (GLD) of the CNV in fluorescein angiography and central retinal thickness (CRT) in optical coherence tomography (OCT) were monitored 2–4 months after last injection. BCVA stabilized and slightly increased from logMAR 0.74 to 0.62 in the bevacizumab group, and from logMAR 0.76 to 0.58 in the ranibizumab group (P < 0.05 for each group). No statistical difference was seen between both groups at any time-point. CRT was significantly reduced in both groups at last follow-up. In contrast, GLD did not change significantly. Patients with exudative AMD of all subtypes benefit from intravitreal anti-VEGF injections. No significant difference between bevacizumab and ranibizumab is seen in the short-term follow-up.     

Bevacizumab in the treatment of idiopathic macular telangiectasia

BACKGROUND: To describe functional and morphological long-term follow-up results in patients with idiopathic macular telangiectasia (IMT) treated with intravitreal bevacizumab. METHODS: Retrospective case series of three consecutive male patients with IMT who were treated with intravitreal bevacizumab injections. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) as well as fluorescein angiography (FA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were monitored over the period of up to 12 months. RESULTS: Single intravitreal bevacizumab injection resulted in a marked increase in BCVA from 20/50 to 20/20 in the patient with type 1 (aneurysmal) IMT during the first 4 weeks. Late-phase leakage on FA and cystoid macular oedema on OCT decreased significantly. This was sustained over the whole follow-up period of 12 months. In contrast, in the two patients with type 2 (perifoveal) IMT, leakage on FA decreased likewise, but this was not accompanied by an increase in BCVA despite triple injections. Small cystic changes seen on OCT remained unchanged. CONCLUSION: Patients with type 1 IMT with pronounced macular oedema on OCT may benefit from intravitreal bevacizumab injections, showing functional as well as morphological improvement, while patients with type 2 IMT with minimal cystic changes on OCT do not show functional improvement despite repeated injections.     

Visual improvement in central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) following intravitreal injections of bevacizumab (Avastin®)

Acta Ophthalmol. 2010: 88: 836–841

Abstract.

Purpose: To perform a prospective study on central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) to evaluate whether visual acuity can be improved and macular oedema reduced in response to intravitreal injections of bevacizumab. Methods: The case material comprised 13 patients (aged 34–79 years), duration of CRVO was 2 weeks to 6 months, baseline ETDRS visual acuity 0.06–0.4 (mean Snellen 0.13, derived from logMAR value) and intraocular pressure (IOP) 12–20 (mean 15.2) mmHg. Clinical examination, including optical coherence tomography (OCT), was carried out at baseline and every 6 weeks, digital fluorescein angiography at baseline, at 3 months and 6 months. Intravitreal injections of bevacizumab (1.25 mg) were given under microscopic control at baseline and every 6 weeks during the 6‐month follow‐up. Results: Following one intravitreal injection of bevacizumab, average visual acuity improved by 13 ETDRS letters at 1 month (p < 0.05) and in response to 4 injections by 24 letters (logMAR 0.48) at 6 months (p < 0.05). Foveal thickness as measured by OCT decreased from 596 μm at baseline to 288 μm at 6 months (p < 0.05) concomitant with resorption of intra‐ and subretinal fluid. IOP ranged from 10 to 24 (17.3) mmHg at 6‐month follow‐up. No adverse events occurred. Conclusions: In response to four intravitreal injections of bevacizumab during 6 months, a substantial improvement in visual acuity and reduction in central retinal thickness were achieved. A randomized clinical trial is warranted to further evaluate the efficacy and safety of this treatment modality.     

Optical coherence tomography-based intravitreal ranibizumab (Lucentis) for neovascular age-related macular degeneration

To evaluate optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based intravitreal ranibizumab treatment for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the charts of consecutive patients who received intravitreal ranibizumab for subfoveal choroidal neovascularization due to AMD were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with less than 6 months follow-up were excluded. OCT was performed at baseline and at monthly intervals for induction therapy. Injections were given monthly until no improvement was observed between successive OCTs. In the maintenance period, reinjections were performed for any recurrence of macular fluid on OCT. Main outcome measures were visual acuity and number of injections given. Twenty-five eyes of 22 patients with mean follow-up of 16 months [standard deviation (SD) = 3.7 months] had mean improvement of 1.6 lines of Snellen visual acuity (SD 2.9, 95% confidence interval 0.48–2.9, P = 0.008). Visual acuity was stable (≤3 lines of visual acuity lost) in 22 eyes (88%). Nine eyes (36%) gained ≥3 lines. Three eyes (12%) lost ≥3 lines. A mean of 6.0 (SD 2.7) injections were given over a follow-up period ranging from 8 to 21 months. We conclude that OCT-based intravitreal ranibizumab treatment for neovascular AMD offered excellent visual acuity results and reduced the number of injections compared with monthly dosing.     

Intravitreal ranibizumab (Lucentis®) for the treatment of myopic choroidal neovascularization

Background  Macular choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is one of the most vision-threatening complications of myopia, which can lead to severe vision loss. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravitreal ranibizumab in the treatment of myopic CNV. Methods  We conducted a prospective, consecutive, interventional study of patients with subfoveal or juxtafoveal CNV secondary to pathologic myopia (PM) treated with intravitreal injection of ranibizumab in the Jules Gonin University Eye Hospital from June 2006 to February 2008. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fluorescein angiography (FA) were performed at baseline and monthly for all patients. Indications for retreatment were loss in BCVA associated either with persistent leakage from CNV shown on FA, and/or evidence of CNV activity on OCT. Results  The study included 14 eyes of 14 patients. The mean spherical equivalent refractive error was −12.5 (range, −8.0 D to −16.0 D). Mean time of follow-up was 8.4 months (range from 3 to 16 months, SD: 3). The mean number of intravitreal injections administered for each patient was 2.36 (SD 1.5). The mean initial visual acuity (VA) was 0.19 decimal equivalent (logMAR: 0.71, SD: 0.3). A statistically significant improvement to a mean VA of 0.48 decimal equivalent (log-MAR:0.32, SD: 0.25) was demonstrated at the final follow-up. VA improved by a mean of 3.86 (SD 2.74) lines. Nine patients (64%) demonstrated a gain of 3 or more lines. Mean central macular thickness (CMT) measured with OCT was 304 μm (SD: 39) at the baseline, and was reduced significantly at the final follow-up to 153 μm (SD: 23). Average CMT reduction was 170 μm (SD: 57). No injection complications or drug-related side effects were noted during the follow-up period. Conclusions  In this small series of eyes with limited follow-up, intravitreal ranibizumab was a safe and effective treatment for CNV secondary to PM, resulting in functional and anatomic improvements. Financial Support: None     

频域光学相干断层扫描观察康柏西普治疗老年性黄斑变性患者黄斑结构的变化

目的　利用频域光学相干断层扫描（optical coherence tomography,OCT）观察湿性老年性黄斑变性（age-related macular degeneration,AMD）患者经康柏西普治疗后黄斑中心凹结构的变化并分析与最佳矫正视力（best corrected visual acuity,BCVA）的相关性。方法　经荧光素眼底血管造影确诊为湿性AMD的患者纳入研究,所有患者接受连续3个月、每个月玻璃体内注射一次康柏西普的常规疗法,记录治疗前及各次注射后1个月的BCVA以及频域OCT的特征（黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度、视网膜内积液、视网膜下积液、视网膜色素上皮层脱离、视网膜下纤维化等）。结果　经过3次注射治疗后,BCVA从治疗前的（0.98±0.55）LogMAR提高到治疗后的（0.69±0.43）LogMAR（P<0.01）,黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度从治疗前的（449.07±245.19）μm降低到治疗后的（232.76±103.93）μm（P<0.01）,其中初次注射后第1个月BCVA和黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度的改善最为明显;3次注射后视网膜内积液或视网膜下积液消退组BCVA改善并没有明显优于各自的未消退组（均为P>0.05）,但单纯视网膜下积液组BCVA明显优于单纯视网膜内积液组和混合积液组（F=6.168,P=0.007）。结论　频域OCT是一种评价黄斑结构改变的有效手段,为临床分析注射康柏西普术后视力的变化提供了有力的依据。     

Retinal pigment epithelial tear following intravitreal ranibizumab injections for neovascular age-related macular degeneration

Background To report the development of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) tear after intravitreal injection of ranibizumab (Lucentis, Novartis, Basel, Switzerland). Methods Case report with presentation of the fundus photography, fluorescein angiography (FA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings. Results A 70-year-old man received intravitreal injections of ranibizumab for the treatment of occult choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) with fibrovascular pigment epithelial detachment due to age-related macular degeneration. One day after the third intravitreal ranibizumab injection, fundus examination showed a RPE defect at the foveal region. FA and OCT confirmed the presence of RPE tear sparing the fovea. No further progression of the RPE tear was observed after withholding subsequent ranibizumab injection and his right eye visual acuity remained at 20/100 at 3 months from the last injection. Conclusions As with other anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment for CNV, RPE tear might occur after intravitreal ranibizumab injection even after previous uneventful intravitreal injections.     

抗血管内皮生长因子药物玻璃体腔注射以及联合光动力疗法治疗渗出型老年性黄斑变性疗效观察

目的 观察抗血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)药物ranibizumzb玻璃体腔注射与光动力疗法(PDT)联合ranibizumzb玻璃体腔注射治疗渗出型老年性黄斑变性(AMD)的疗效.方法 渗出型AMD患者30例30只眼,分为ranibizumzb玻璃体腔注射治疗组与PDT联合ranibizumzb玻璃体腔注射治疗组,每组各15例15只眼.治疗及随访时间6～17个月,平均治疗随访时间12.5个月.其中,ranibizumzb玻璃体腔注射治疗组玻璃体腔注射ranibizumzb 0.5 mg,每一个月1次,连续注射12个月;自第一次治疗后每一个月随访1次.PDT联合ranibizumzb玻璃体腔注射治疗组于PDT后24 h内玻璃体腔注射相同剂量ranibizumzb,第2、3个月分别再行相同剂量ranibizumzb玻璃体腔注射;于3次治疗后每一个月随访1次,随访期内出现重复治疗指征则重复注射1次.Ranibizumzb玻璃体腔注射平均次数(3.7±1.O)次.对比观察两组患者治疗前后最佳矫正视力( BCVA)、光相干断层扫描(OCT)、荧光素眼底血管造影(FFA)和MP-1微视野计检查结果、ranibizumzb玻璃体腔注射平均次数及并发症.结果 治疗后第1、3、6、12个月,ranibizumzb玻璃体腔注射治疗组患眼黄斑区平均光敏感度(MS)平均提高值分别为1.9、3.8、5.0、5.5 dB,PDT联合ranibizumzb玻璃体腔注射治疗组患眼MS平均提高值为2.0、4.2、3.7、4.8 dB.两组MS提高值比较,差异无统计学意义(t=-0.791、-0.171、1.339、0.785;P=0.943、0.865、0.173、0.898).BCVA、OCT改变情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).MS与BCVA之间为正相关(r=0.660,P=0.037).随访期间未发现眼内感染、视网膜色素上皮撕裂和玻璃体积血等并发症.结论 Ranibizumzb玻璃体腔注射与PDT联合ranibizumzb玻璃体腔注射均为治疗渗出型AMD的有效方法,但后者能有效减少ranibizumzb玻璃体腔重复注射的次数.     

光动力疗法联合玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗治疗息肉样脉络膜血管病变疗效观察

目的 观察光动力疗法（PDT）联合玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗治疗息肉样脉络膜血管病变（PCV）的安全性和有效性。方法 回顾性系列病例研究。临床确诊为PCV的患者24例24只眼纳入研究。所有患者均行视力、眼底彩色照相、荧光素眼底血管造影（FFA）、吲哚青绿血管造影(ICGA)和光相干断层扫描（OCT）检查。视力检查采用糖尿病视网膜病变早期治疗研究组视力表进行。患者治疗前平均视力为（33.41±19.43）个字母,平均黄斑视网膜厚度（CRT）为（343.63±88.60） μm。所有患者先行常规PDT治疗,72 h后玻璃体腔注射10 mg/ml的雷珠单抗0.05 ml（含雷珠单抗0.5 mg）。根据检查情况确定是否需要重复行单独玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗或PDT联合玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗治疗。治疗后平均随访时间为13.1个月。观察统计每只眼的平均治疗次数、患者并发症及全身不良反应的发生情况。对比分析治疗前后患者视力和CRT的变化,以及黄斑区出血及渗出、PCV病灶的渗漏情况。结果 每只眼平均重复玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗治疗次数为(2.8±1.6)次,平均重复联合治疗次数为(0.4±0.5)次。所有患眼均未出现与治疗相关的并发症和全身不良反应。末次随访时,患眼视力为（44.21±17.24）个字母,较治疗前平均提高10.8个字母。治疗前后视力比较,差异有统计学意义（t=-4.77,P＜0.01）。24只眼中,视力提高11只眼,占45.8%;视力稳定13只眼,占54.2%。眼底检查发现,黄斑区出血、渗出完全吸收7只眼,占29.2%;黄斑区出血、渗出明显减轻17只眼,占70.8%。FFA及ICGA检查发现,荧光渗漏停止17只眼,占70.8%;仍有轻微荧光渗漏7只眼,占29.2%。OCT检查发现,视网膜下积液消退19只眼,占79.2%;视网膜下积液减轻5只眼,占20.8%。患者平均CRT为（171.33±38.06） μm,较治疗前平均降低172.30 μm。治疗前后平均CRT比较,差异有统计学意义（t=11.96,P＜0.05）。结论 PDT联合玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗治疗PCV安全有效,可提高患者视力,减轻视网膜水肿,停止或减少PCV病灶渗漏。     

Intravitreal aflibercept in neovascular age-related macular degeneration previously treated with ranibizumab

AIM: To report the change in visual acuity and central macular thickness (CMT) following treatment with intravitreal aflibercept injections in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) with suboptimum response to ranibizumab. METHODS: This was a retrospective study. The inclusion criteria were patients with nAMD who responded poorly to ranibizumab. Patients then received either 3 consecutive aflibercept injections followed by PRN treatment or PRN alone. Primary endpoints were mean change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and CMT at 12mo. Secondary endpoints were number of injections and adverse events. RESULTS: Forty-nine eyes from 49 patients met the inclusion criteria and completed 12-month follow up on aflibercept. Thirty-eight eyes received 3 consecutive aflibercept injections followed by PRN treatment and 11 eyes received pro re nata (PRN) injections alone. At 12mo, mean BCVA improved by one letters (logMAR 0.56±0.31 to 0.54±0.34) and mean CMT decreased from 303.9±82.1 to 259.2±108.3 µm. Four percent of eyes gained 15 letters or more, 6% lost more than 15 letters and the remaining 90% had stable BCVA. The mean number of aflibercept injections was 6. There was one case of infectious endophthalmitis. CONCLUSION: Intravitreal aflibercept in patients with nAMD with a previous suboptimal response to ranibizumab resulted in an anatomical improvement in macular appearance at 12mo without a corresponding improvement in visual acuity.