高原移居者与世居者心肺功能的比较研究

目的 :观察高原移居者与世居者心肺功能的异同 ,以探讨心肺功能在高原低氧习服-适应中的作用。方法 :在海拔 4 30 0m高原 ,以移居汉族和世居藏族青年各 2 5人为受试对象 ,用电子肺功能仪测定肺功能 (FVC、FEV1、MVV等 6项参数 ) ,用血氧饱和度仪测定血氧饱和度和心率。结果 :( 1)高原移居 1年与 2年者的用力肺活量 (FVC)分别为 ( 4 .2 8± 1.2 0 )L与 ( 4 .92±1.18)L ,1秒钟用力呼出量 (FEV1)分别为 ( 3.89± 1.0 4 )L与 ( 4 .16± 1.17)L ,最大通气量 (MVV)分别为 ( 2 88.90± 4 9.4 8)L与 ( 2 80 .36± 50 .84 )L ,都明显的低于高原世居者的 ( 17.33± 0 .90 )L、( 6.32± 1.16)L与 ( 319.76± 4 5.2 9)L。 ( 2 )高原移居者的心率明显高于高原世居者 ;移居高原 1年者的心率 ( 89.1± 7.9)b·min 1明显高于移居 2年者的心率 ( 80 .9± 11.0 )b·min 1,而后者又高于高原世居者 ( 71.2 +10 .2 )b·min 1。 ( 3)高原移居者与世居者的动脉血氧饱和度十分接近。结论 :在海拔4 30 0m停留 2年的移居者其心肺功能仍然没有达到高原世居者的水平。     

伊洛前列素联合曲美他嗪治疗先心病合并肺高压的疗效探讨

目的 探讨伊洛前列素联合曲美他嗪治疗先心病合并肺高压的临床疗效。方法 将60例先心病合并肺高压患者随机分为两组各30例。对照组采用伊洛前列素治疗,研究组采用伊洛前列素联合曲美他嗪治疗,比较两组的6 min步行距离(6MWD)、血氧饱和度(SaO₂)、呼吸功能、临床疗效、血流动力学指标及不良反应。结果 治疗后,研究组的6MWD、SaO₂高于对照组,Borg呼吸困难指数低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组治疗总有效率为90.00%,高于对照组的63.33%(P<0.05)。治疗后,研究组的血流动力学指标均优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论 伊洛前列素联合曲美他嗪治疗先心病合并肺高压效果显著,可有效改善患者心肺功能及血流动力学指标,且安全性较高,值得临床推广。     

中医定向透药治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期临床疗效观察

目的探讨中医定向透药治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期临床疗效,发挥中医特色治疗的优势。方法以入院病例号为编号,根据随机数字表,将80例慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(AECOPD)患者随机分成两组,每组40例。对照组按照常规治疗方法,包括消炎、化痰、平喘等对症治疗;观察组同时联合中医定向透药,辨证施穴,取5 m L中药贴敷每个穴位,每次约30 min,每日一次,2周为1个疗程;治疗前后,观察两组患者中医症候评分变化、临床疗效、不良反应,比较呼吸困难指数(Borg指数)、6 min步行试验差异,并做好记录。结果治疗后,两组各项中医证候评分均降低(P <0. 05),且观察组各项中医证候评分均低于对照组(P <0. 05);观察组总有效率高于对照组(P <0. 05);两组Borg指数均改善,观察组Borg指数(3. 6±1. 5)级,优于对照组(4. 5±1. 1)级(P <0. 05); 6 min步行试验结果改善,观察组6 min步行距离、心率及血氧饱和度均优于对照组(P <0. 05);两组患者均未出现明显不良反应。结论常规治疗配合中医定向透药可有效改善AECOPD患者中医症候,改善患者呼吸困难程度,安全有效,具有临床推广价值。     

急性百草枯中毒存活 5 年以上患者随访分析

收集2012年1月—2018年6月苏北人民医院急诊科收治的152例急性百草枯中毒患者的临床资料,对中毒后存活5年以上的57例患者采用电话询问或门诊复查的方式进行随访,按不同中毒程度描述患者远期生存状况。152例急性百草枯中毒存活≥5年 57例(37.5%),其中轻度中毒16例、中度中毒30例、重度中毒11例。重度中毒组6min步行距离低于轻、中度中毒组,Borg评分高于轻、中度中毒组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。轻度中毒患者远期肺部影像无明显异常,中、重度中毒患者可遗留肺纤维化病灶并呈动态演变,合并肺野透亮度增高、肺大泡、支气管扩张等多样化结构性改变。多数患者肺功能良好,仅少数中、重度中毒患者遗留有不同程度阻塞性通气功能障碍。长期随访发现,百草枯中毒存活患者可出现不同程度运动耐力下降。     

呼吸训练在慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者康复中的应用

目的:分析呼吸训练应用于慢性阻塞性肺疾病中的临床效果。方法:在2013年12月-2015年8月我院接诊的慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者中抽取74例,随机划分为对照组(常规干预)与观察组(常规护理干预基础上加强呼吸训练)各37例,对比两组患者的呼吸功能以及护理质量。结果:观察组的血氧饱和度、血氧分压水平、6min步行距离以及FEV1分别为(95.37±2.18)%、(73.92±8.66)p/mm Hg、(321.58±24.29)m、(43.28±2.43)%,均显著高于对照组(t=10.34,13.09,13.28,11.42;P0.05);且观察组的血二氧化碳分压、呼吸困难评分与对照组比较相对更低(t=12.74,10.73;P0.05)。结论:将呼吸训练应用于慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的病情康复阶段,有利于改善患者的呼吸困难症状,促进肺部功能康复,具有较高的临床推广及应用意义。     

胸腔镜和传统开胸手术行肺减容术对患者肺功能、血氧饱和度指标的对比

目的探讨胸腔镜和传统开胸手术行肺减容术对患者肺功能、血氧饱和度指标的差异。方法收集本院晚期肺气肿行肺减容术的患者,分为:研究组(接受胸腔镜手术行肺减容术)和对照组(接受传统开胸手术行肺减容术)。对比2组术前及术后3月肺功能、血气分析及6min步行距离。结果2组手术前肺功能(FEV1、FVC、RV)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组手术后3月肺功能(FEV1、FVC、RV)高于对照组,2组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组手术前血气分析及6min步行距离差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组手术后3月PaO2及6min步行距离高于对照组,PaCO2低于对照组,2组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论胸腔镜手术行肺减容术对患者肺功能、血氧饱和度指标改善效果好。     

节氧供氧面罩节氧效果的研究

目的 :观察自行研制的节氧供氧面罩的节氧效果 ,为延长供氧器的供氧时间提供科学依据。方法 :10名男性受试者进行两种实验 ,(1)同一供氧量不同供氧方法 :在人体低压舱内上升到 4 5 0 0m ,每次一人 ,每人均随机接受两种供氧方法 ,方法一采用节氧面罩供氧 ,方法二将供氧管直接与口鼻面罩相通 ,面罩的吸气活门与外界相通 ,然后观察受试者指端血氧饱和度的变化。 (2 )不同供氧量和供氧方法 :受试者在低压舱上升到 4 5 0 0m、10min后分别用节氧供氧面罩和鼻导管供氧 ,同样观察血SaO2 的变化。结果 :(1)在同一供氧量条件下 ,在静止和运动时采用节氧供氧面罩供氧 ,其血氧饱和度在 5min时分别为 (91.4± 1.8) %和 (91.4± 1.5 ) % ,较方法二(87.9± 1.7) %和 (83.1± 5 .3) %有显著提高 (P <0 .0 1) ;(2 )用供氧量为 0 .6L·min 1的节氧供氧面罩 ,同用供氧量为 2L·min 1的鼻导管供氧 ,两者的指端血氧饱和度变化无显著性差异。结论 :节氧供氧面罩的节氧效果明显     

氨基酸负荷对老年人肾储备功能的影响

目的　了解老年人肾功能储备及其临床意义。方法　选择 4 3例老年健康人输入 18-氨基酸2 5 0ml,对氨基酸输入前后的肌酐清除率 (Ccr)、滤过分数 (FF)、GFR百分比上升率 (%GFR)进行比较性研究 ,以了解老年患者肾脏功能的客观指标。结果　基础GFR为 (5 8～ 10 1)ml/min 1 73m2 ,平均是 (76± 8 5 )ml/min 1 73m2 。氨基酸兴奋后GFR为 (6 5～ 12 8)ml/min 1 73m2 ,平均 (10 3± 8 1)ml/min 1 73m2 (P <0 0 5 )。肾脏的储备功能值为(2 1 9± 2 5 )ml/min 1 73m2 ,提示了老年人具有基础GFR 32 %的储备功能。滤过分数在氨基酸兴奋前为 0 14±0 0 2 ,兴奋后为 0 2 1± 0 0 3,显示二者有差异 (P <0 0 5 ) ,说明氨基酸激活肾小球的功能。结论　在年老者基础GFR低于年轻人 ,但是肾脏具有储备功能 ,能维持内环境的稳定。     

缬沙坦对陈旧性心肌梗死合并心力衰竭的疗效观察

目的评价不同剂量的缬沙坦对患者心功能的影响.方法将陈旧心肌梗死合并心衰Ⅱ～Ⅲ级(NYHA分级)住院患者60例,在常规强心、利尿、β阻滞剂治疗的基础上,随机分为两组分别加用缬沙坦40mg/d或80mg/d,随访6个月.试验前后分别监测患者的血压、左心功能、6min步行试验.结果缬沙坦80mg/d组与40mg/d相比,总有效率为100%比87%(P<0.05),射血分数增加为(37.6±5.6)%比(30.4±3.7)%,(P<0.05),左室舒张末容积减少(51.7±4.8)%比(58.4±5.4)%,(P<0.05),两组血压降低无明显差异,收缩压(13.5±5.4)比(10.5±3.9)mmHg,(P>0.05),舒张压(10.8±3.6)比(8.6±4.2)mmHg,(P>0.05),6min步行距离明显延长(P<0.01).结论缬沙坦80mg/d较40mg/d能明显改善患者的心功能,提高患者的活动耐量.     

儿茶酚胺α2受体作用剂对单甲脒中毒豚鼠心脏毒性的影响

目的　探讨脒类农药中毒致死的关键机制。方法　用生理多导仪观察儿茶酚胺α2 受体作用剂对单甲脒染毒豚鼠心血管功能的影响。结果　α2 受体抑制剂可降低单甲脒中毒豚鼠的心脏毒性。单甲脒染毒后 1h豚鼠的心率、收缩压和心肌收缩力 (dp/dt最大值 ) :育亨宾组分别为(186± 35 )次 /min、(80± 16 )mmHg(1kPa=7.5mmHg)和 (6 12± 32 7) mmHg/s;酚妥拉明组分别为 (16 5± 18)次 /min、(84± 2 1)mmHg和 (5 0 0± 334 )mmHg/s。明显高于对照组的 (12 0± 2 2 )次 /min、(6 5± 12 )mmHg和 (2 35± 133)mmHg/s,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,且改善心电图 ,减少死亡。而α2 受体兴奋剂作用相反 ,单甲脒染毒后 1h豚鼠的心率、收缩压和心肌收缩力 (dp/dt最大值 ) :可乐定组分别为 (82± 39)次 /min、(42± 7)mmHg和 (87± 78)mmHg/s;利血平组分别为 (5 9± 32 )次 /min、 (2 8± 10 )mmHg和 (15 1± 77)mmHg/s,明显低于对照组 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　脒类农药兴奋中枢儿茶酚胺α2 受体 ,经负反馈影响心血管功能 ,终因循环衰竭致死。     

健康干预对上海市浦东新区社区轻中度慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者运动能力的影响

  目的  评价健康干预对上海市浦东新区社区轻中度慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD)患者运动能力的影响。  方法  从上海市浦东新区所有社区中随机整群抽样抽取10个社区并分为干预组和对照组,将所有在册轻中度COPD患者作为调查对象,进行面对面的问卷调查收集基本资料。6个月内针对干预组进行多次健康干预活动,并在干预前后利用六分钟步行试验(six-minute walk test, 6MWT)和Borg主观体力感等级量表评分评价COPD患者的运动能力。使用秩和检验与双重差分(difference in difference, DID)分析模型比较健康干预前后干预组与对照组步行距离和各项评分差值的差异。  结果  调整相关协变量后男性组、女性组、整体人群步行距离的前后差异均无统计学意义(均有P>0.05);干预组呼吸困难评分差值、疲劳评分差值均大于对照组且差异均有统计学意义(Z₁=-4.636, P₁ < 0.001; Z₂=-4.912, P₂ < 0.001);调整相关协变量后男性呼吸困难评分、疲劳评分和女性疲劳评分的前后差异均为负(均有P < 0.05)。  结论  健康干预措施缓解了轻中度COPD患者呼吸困难和疲劳状况,提高了上海市浦东新区社区轻中度COPD患者运动能力。     

Cardiovascular and dyspnea response to six-minute and shuttle walk tests in COPD patients

Previous studies focusing on the changes of heart rate, systolic blood pressure and dyspnea caused by the six-minute (6MWT) and shuttle walking distance tests (ISWT) have produced conflicting data. The present study aims at comparing the cardiovascular and dyspnea responses to 6MWT and ISWT in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Twenty patients with clinically stable COPD (age, 56 +/- 9 yrs; BMI, 27.8 +/- 7.7 kg.m(-2); FEV1%pred, 42 +/- 19%; mean +/- Sx) performed three 6MWTs and two ISWTs using standardised protocols. The distances walked in the third 6MWT and second ISWT were 458 +/- 105 and 365 +/- 116 m, respectively. There was a significant correlation between the distances covered in the two tests (r = 0.87; p < 0.001). The 6MWT and ISWT showed similar correlation coefficients with the Baseline Dyspnea Index (r = 0.86; p < 0.001 and r = 0.76; p < 0.001), the Clinical Symptom Scale (r= -0.72; p < 0.001 and r= -0.55; p = 0.011), FEV1 L (r = 0.36; NS and r = 0.30; NS), PImax (r = 0.59; p < 0.008 and r = 0.60; p = 0.001) and the mean pulmonary artery pressure, Doppler echocardiography (r= -0.51; p < 0.029 and r = -0.51; p = 0.032). Although the response to ISWT tended to be greater, we found no statistically significant differences between the two tests in the changes of heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and dyspnea (Borg) (deltaHR, 17.9 +/- 13.4 vs 23.8 +/- 15.4; deltaSBP, 7.7 +/- 14.6 vs 13.0 +/- 17.0 and deltaBorg, 1.7 +/- 1.1 vs 2.2 +/- 0.9; NS). CONCLUSION: The cardiovascular and dyspnea response caused by ISWT is greater (but statistically not significant) than that generated by 6MWT. The more limited the functional capacity of COPD patients the more similar the response generated by 6MWT and ISWT.     

Comprehensive assessment of ventilatory functions of patients with chronic heart failure

OBJECTIVE: A comprehensive assessment of the ventilatory functions of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) both at rest and during a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). We studied 42 males, divided into two groups--patients with CHF (n = 21) and age, weight, height and BMI matched healthy controls (n = 21). All subjects underwent a symptom-limited ramp CPET, arterial blood gas analysis, and complex functional examination of the pulmonary system. Subjective rating of dyspnea and exertion were measured by the Borg and ATS dyspnea scales. CHF patients showed a slight, but statistically significant decrease of the spirographic and diffusion parameters, as well as of the indices of respiratory muscle strength. There were no changes in blood gases and in tidal breathing parameters. The exercise capacity was markedly reduced (VO2peak ml.min-1 1352 +/- 335 CHF patients vs 2077 +/- 276 healthy controls; p < 0.001) and the anaerobic threshold occurred earlier (< 40% of predicted VO2peak) during CPET in CHF patients. The increase in VE/VCO2 in CHF patients (35.7 +/- 5.1 CHF; 28.9 +/- 2.5 HC, p < 0.001) indicates a compromised ventilatory efficiency which leads to a higher dyspneic cost of exercise (Borg peak 9.5 +/- 1.03 CHF; 6.0 +/- 1.28 HC; p < 0.001) as compared with healthy controls.     

Assessment of respiratory compensation phase during graded exercise in patients with chronic heart failure

BACKGROUND: The VE-VO2 relationship during graded exercise has an inflection point beyond the ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT) termed the respiratory compensation point (RCP). Metabolic variables analyzed at the level of VAT and RCP may contribute to the better understanding of such limiting symptoms in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients as dyspnea and early fatigue. The AIM of the present study was to analyze the RCP during symptom limited ramp exercise testing in CHF patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty six CHF patients (II and III NYHA functional class; age = 51 +/- 9 years, LVEF% = 35% +/- 6%; mean +/- SD) and 20 matched controls performed graded cardiopulmonary exercise test on a cycle ergometer. RESULTS: The duration and productivity of RCP (delta(x) = peak(x) - VAT(x)) in patients were significantly (p < 0.001) reduced compared to healthy subjects: delta duration = 3.0 +/- 1.2 vs 4.3 +/- 1.5 min, delta watts = 24.3 +/- 11.5 vs. 39.4 +/- 11.5, delta VO2/kg (ml.kg-1 x min-1) = 3.8 +/- 1.3 vs 8.8 +/- 2.3. An important characteristic of this phase was the higher subjective cost of physical effort assessed by Borg scale and Watts/Borg ratio (Borg peak = 9.9 +/- 0.4 vs. 6.0 +/- 1.2; p < 0.001, Watts/Borg peak = 9.2 +/- 2.3 vs 23.9 +/- 6.4, p < 0.001). The relative hyperventilation of patients on the basis of the watt exercise can be seen in the values of derivative index V (ml x min-1 x watt-1) 478 +/- 59 vs 568 +/- 118; (p < 0.001) in controls and patients, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The impaired efficiency of oxygen delivery systems in patients with CHF is what causes the appearance of early limiting symptoms. Duration and productivity of respiratory compensation phase in CHF patients are considerably reduced compared to controls.     

Predictors of survival after acute paraquat poisoning

Acute paraquat poisoning is often fatal. Many studies have investigated successful treatment modalities, but no standard treatment yet exists. The purpose of this study was to determine the predictors of survival after acute paraquat poisoning in 602 patients. The paraquat exposure was assessed based on the amount of ingested paraquat and a semiquantitative measure of the urine level of paraquat. Initial clinical parameters including vital signs, hemoglobin, white-blood-cell count, pH, PaCO2, PaO2, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, amylase, and glucose were obtained at the time of arrival at the emergency room. Outcomes after acute paraquat poisoning were categorized as survivors and nonsurvivors. Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to assess the predictors of survival after acute paraquat poisoning. Some patients (55.5%) survived after oral ingestion of paraquat, whereas all those exposed to paraquat percutaneous or inhalational route survived. The amount of paraquat (24.5% concentrate of 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridium dichloride) ingested was 45.6 +/- 74.1 mL (mean +/- SD). In addition to degree of paraquat exposure, survival after acute paraquat poisoning was associated with age, respiratory rate, pH, PaCO2, hemoglobin, white-blood-cell count, blood urea nitrogen, amylase, and the number of failed organs in multiple logistic regression analysis. In conclusion, young age, percutaneous or inhalational route, exposure to less paraquat, and lesser degrees of leukocytosis, acidosis, and renal, hepatic, and pancreatic failures on admission are good prognostic factors of survival after acute paraquat poisoning.     

机械通气对新生儿血浆和支气管肺泡灌洗液中SP-A与SF的影响及意义

目的:观察机械通气对新生儿血浆和支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中肺表面活性物质蛋白A(SP-A)及血清铁蛋白(SF)的影响,探讨其在机械通气肺损伤(VILI)中的作用及其临床意义。方法:选择机械通气新生儿36例为机械通气组,未使用机械通气新生儿31例为非机械通气组。动态观察机械通气组患儿在机械通气后1、24、48、72h和撤机后24h血浆SP-A和SF水平及在机械通气后1、24、48、72hBALF中SP-A在各时段的变化,非机械通气组也以同样时段采集静脉血及BALF,用免疫印迹法检测血浆及BALF中SP-A水平,用放射免疫方法检测SF水平。应用SPSS10.0统计学软件进行统计学处理,所有数值以均数±标准差(x±s)表示;相关性分析应用直线相关公式计算关联系数r值。结果:机械通气组患儿血浆SP-A和SF水平明显升高,BALF中SP-A水平显著降低,与非机械通气组比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.05,P<0.01),且升高程度与使用机械通气天数呈显著相关性(r=0.451、-0.386、0.431,P<0.05)。机械通气后48h血浆和BALF中SP-A及SF水平出现明显变化,随着病情好转撤机,血浆SP-A及SF水平逐渐回落,提示机械通气后48h患儿可能开始出现肺损伤。结论:动态观察新生儿机械通气时血浆和BALF中SP-A及SF水平可能有助于监测VILI的发生,以指导临床诊治。     

精神分裂症患者元认知功能及其与听觉记忆的相关性

目的 探讨精神分裂症患者元认知能力与听觉记忆功能间的关系。方法 采用修订版元认知评估量表（metacognition assessment scale abbreviated,MAS-A）和听觉词语记忆测试（audio verbal memory test,AVMT）对60例稳定期精神分裂症患者和42例神经症患者进行评估,精神分裂症患者同时作阳性阴性症状量表（positive and negative syndrome scale,PANSS）评估。结果 精神分裂症患者MAS-A总分为（8.77±3.37）分及其自我反省为（3.42±1.13）分、理解他人为（2.43±1.07）分、去中心化为（0.43±0.54）分和控制为（2.50±1.14）分,神经症患者MAS-A总分及分量表分分别为（12.58±3.64）分、（4.74±1.29）分、（3.29±1.03）分、（1.04±0.74）分、（3.52±1.24）分,差异具有统计学意义（均有P<0.001）。相关分析显示,精神分裂症患者元认知总分与即刻记忆2（r=0.340）、即刻记忆3（r=0.270）和延迟记忆（r=0.345）评分间呈正相关（均有P<0.05）,控制PANSS评分和病程后,元认知总分与AVMT评分间的相关性消失,但具有统计学意义的趋势。结论 分裂症患者存在广泛的元认知能力受损,患者元认知能力与听觉言语记忆功能间的关联可能受精神症状严重程度和病程的影响。     

Effects of a New Multicomponent Nutritional Supplement on Muscle Mass and Physical Performance in Adult and Old Patients Recovered from COVID-19: A Pilot Observational Case–Control Study

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of a specific oral nutritional supplement among patients recovered from COVID-19 but suffering symptoms of fatigue. Methods: This is an observational case–control study involving a sample of 66 COVID-19 survivors divided in two groups, 33 subjects in the intervention group who received the nutritional supplement and 33 subjects in the control group. The nutritional supplement received by subjects in the active group was based on amino acids; vitamin B6 and B1; and malic, succinic and citric acids. After an 8-week follow-up, the main outcomes considered were skeletal muscle index (measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis), physical performance measures (handgrip strength, one-minute chair–stand test, six-minute walking test), and quality of life (using EuroQol visual analogue scale). Results: All the considered areas increased significantly in the subjects receiving the active treatment with oral nutritional supplement in comparison with the baseline values. After adjusting for age, gender, and baseline values, skeletal muscle index, handgrip strength test, the one-minute chair–stand test, and six-minute walking test values were higher among participants in the treatment group compared with subjects in control group. The oral nutritional supplement significantly improved the handgrip strength; similarly, participants in the active group showed a higher improvement in skeletal muscle index, the one-minute chair–stand test, the six-minute walking test, and in quality of life. Conclusion: The nutritional supplement containing nine essential amino acids plus cysteine; vitamin B6 and B1; and malic, succinic and citric acids had a positive effect on nutritional status, functional recovery, and quality of life in COVID-19 survivors still suffering from fatigue. Additional controlled clinical trials are required to corroborate these results.     

Pork and Chicken Meals Similarly Impact on Cognitive Function and Strength in Community-Living Older Adults: A Pilot Study

A pilot quasi-experimental study investigated whether provision of pork, a rich source of thiamin, as the main protein source in meals four times/week for 12 weeks resulted in improved muscle mass, body strength, and cognitive function in community-living older adults compared to similar meals containing chicken. Retirement villages were randomized to receive pre-prepared frozen meals containing either pork or chicken. Dietary intake was assessed by three-day food records and cognitive domains assessed using validated tests. Hand grip strength was measured and lower extremity performance assessed by the sit-to-stand test, get-up-and-go test and six-minute walk test. Forty-eight volunteers participated (78.2 ± 6.2 y). In linear mixed models, controlling for baseline physical activity and dietary protein and energy intake, no differences were found between pork (n = 19) and chicken (n = 12) groups. The chicken group had improved Rey Auditory Verbal Learning test scores (verbal learning and memory) at six weeks (p < 0.001). Provision of four pork meals a week did not result in improvements in cognitive function, nor measures of strength or physical function, compared to those receiving chicken meals in healthy older adults. This suggests that merely changing the type of dietary protein provided by meat does not impact physical or cognitive function.     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者气道阻力与肺通气功能和呼吸困难程度的关系

目的：探索慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者IOS法气道阻力测定与肺通气功能和呼吸困难程度的相关性,为气道阻力用于COPD患者的诊断和病情评估提供依据。方法：对2010年8月-2011年4月就诊的69例COPD患者行IOS法气道阻力和肺通气功能测定,同时对患者呼吸困难状况行Borg评分。对上述数据进行相关性分析。结果：ISO法气道阻力测定与肺通气功能和Bo唱评分都有很好的相关性。Zrs与FEV1％、PEF％、IC％呈负相关,X5与FEV1％、PEF％、IC％呈正相关,Fres与FEV1／FVC、FEV1％、PEF％呈负相关。Zrs和Fres与Borg评分呈正相关。结论：IOS气道阻力测定可用于COPD患者的诊断和病情评估。