������������ֲ�������޸������ٴ�Ч������

??Abstract??Objective To evaluate the short-term clinical effect of splinted short implants in the partly edentulous mandible of posterior regions. Methods Totally 65 patients??130 implants??who received short implants or standard implants to restore dentition defect in mandible of posterior regions during the period between January 2008 and January 2013 at the Implant Center of Hospital of Stomatology??China Medical University were selected??including 31 patients with 62 short implants??length ≤ 8.5 mm??as the short implant group and 34 patients with 68 standard implants??length ≥ 11.5 mm??as control group. Relevant clinical data was recorded and analyzed??such as cumulative success rate??biomechanical complications??marginal bone loss and Crown/Implant ratio. Results Two implants failed in both short implant group and control group. No significant differences in cumulative success rate??biomechanical complications and marginal bone loss were found between the two groups??P > 0.05??. The clinical Crown/Implant ratio in short implant group was significantly greater than that of the control group??P < 0.01??. Conclusion In the case of strict control of indications??the application of short implants to restore edentulous mandible of posterior regions for those who had bone defect can achieve more satisfactory clinical results??and additionally reduce the operation risk and the economic burden of patients.     

������ǰ��������ֲ����֯Ч���ٴ��о�

??Objective    To evaluate the aesthetic outcome of early single-tooth implant in the anterior maxilla. Methods      Thirty patients with single-tooth lost were treated with early implant surgery. The outcome was assessed after the final restoration was completed 2 days??3 months??12 months and 24 months later. The bone resorption??pink esthetic score??PES????modification sulcus bleeding index??MBI????probing depth??PD??and patient satisfaction were observed to evaluate the aesthetic effect and survival rate. Results    The implant survival rate was 100%. Bone resorption were??0.61 ± 0.16??mm. Significant improvement of PES was found between baseline and 2-year assessment. The MBI score was??0.98 ± 0.68??mm on average. The PD score was??2.16 ± 0.27??mm on average. The score between MBI and PD showed no significant difference at every testing time. The extreme satisfaction was 86.6%. Conclusion    Single-tooth lost in esthetic zone may-be performed early implant which can acquire a satisfactory aesthetic  effect.     

ʵ�����������ƶ������ڶ���ģ�͵Ľ���

目的建立实验性正畸牙移动保持期的动物模型,以利于研究保持期骨改建规律。方法于2008年4月在吉林大学口腔医院动物实验室,选用36只8周龄雄性Wister大鼠,以上颌前牙为支抗牵引第一磨牙向近中移动,加力21d后去除加力装置。以每只大鼠的左侧牙弓为实验侧,右侧牙弓为对照侧。在实验侧安装保持装置,分别保持1、3、7、14、21、28d;对照侧不做任何处理。在加力结束后和保持结束后即刻制取上颌石膏模型,测量所有模型的第一磨牙面近中沟与第二磨牙面远中沟的距离,计算加力结束后与保持结束后的距离,比较实验侧与对照侧的牙齿移动距离,评价保持装置的有效性。结果实验侧在保持结束后第一磨牙复发距离明显小于对照侧,二者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论以Wister大鼠为实验对象,采用正畸结扎丝结扎法建立的正畸牙移动保持期动物模型是有效的。     

探究不同经济发达地区中学生对正畸治疗主观需求的差异

目的调查重庆市江津区不同经济发达地区就读的中学生对正畸治疗的认识及可能妨碍正畸治疗的因素,为提高青少年患者在正畸治疗过程中的依从性提供参考。方法采用随机抽样的方法在经济较发达地区选择一所高中,在高中部选取一个班作为一组,在初中部选取一个班作为二组;在经济较不发达地区选择一所高中,在高中部选取一个班作为三组,在初中部选取一个班作为四组。通过问卷调查的方式收集信息,对所得结果使用SPSS 17.0统计软件进行统计分析。结果对正畸治疗的认识有性别差异,女生比男生更担心治疗过程中可能出现的拔牙、疼痛;城镇中学生比农村中学生有更多的咨询正畸治疗的方法和途径;经济情况是影响城乡学生就诊比例的一个重要因素;来自家人朋友对患者本人的评价可能影响患者对自己情况的主观评价。结论正畸医师应该深入了解中学生患者的各种情况,从不同性别、家庭经济状况、教育水平等角度制定出个体化的治疗计划,才能让患者有更好的依从性。     

Aggressive periodontitis diagnosed during or before orthodontic treatment

Abstract

Objective. The aim was to review the literature on aggressive periodontitis diagnosed during or before the initiation of orthodontic treatment and to propose preventive recommendations before, during and after orthodontic treatment. Materials and methods. Literature searches of free text and MeSH terms were performed by using PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library and the appropriate studies were selected. The retrieved articles were analyzed and the relevant data was tabulated according to different parameters. Results. A total of 220 articles were found in the preliminary search. Eighteen studies, all case reports, describing 21 cases from this search met all the criteria. The mean age of the reported cases was 21.12 years, all treated with combined periodontal and orthodontic modalities. Most of the reported cases were female. Conclusion. An interdisciplinary dental team must approve the periodontal health prior to and during the course of the orthodontic therapy. In subjects with periodontal pathology, a periodontal consultation and interceptive/corrective therapy should be performed prior to commencing with orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic treatment should be postponed or replanned in order to shorten treatment duration and reduce the orthodontic forces exerted on the aggressive periodontitis involved dentition.     

The theory of reasoned action and patient compliance during orthodontic treatment

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential of the theory of reasoned action (TRA) for the prediction and understanding of patients' intention to comply during orthodontic treatment and to analyze the effect of two additional variables in the model, namely perceived behavioral control and anticipated regret. Moreover, (the determinants of) intentions of orthodontic patients to comply during treatment were compared with (the determinants of) intentions of parents to stimulate this cooperation. METHODS: A questionnaire was handed out to patients and parents visiting the Department of Orthodontics of the Academic Centre of Dentistry in Amsterdam. In both the patient and parent sample, independent-sample t-tests, correlation analyses and stepwise regression analyses were conducted. Variables in both samples were compared and tested. RESULTS: The extended version of the TRA explained 20% of the variance in the patients' intention to comply. The patients' anticipated regret, attitude and motivation to comply were significant determinants of the patients' intention to comply. In addition, the parents' attitude toward compliance was a significant predictor. The role of parents in enhancing patients' intentions to comply cannot be neglected. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that patients' intentions to comply during orthodontic treatment are influenced by factors outside of the TRA. Therefore, it is recommended to develop a new model, in which factors of the TRA are included, which can be used specifically for the study of compliance in orthodontics.     

Inter- and intraexaminer variability in assessment of orthodontic treatment need

ABSTRACT Two examiners assessed subjectively the orthodontic treatment need of a group of 183 10-year-old children. The examiners did not standardize the criteria establishing treatment, need. Intraexaminer agreement was reached in 79.8 % of the cases. Intraexaminer agreement was 91.7 % for Examiner A and 93.4 % for Examiner B. The paper highlights the subjective element in deciding orthodontic treatment need.     

Anterior tooth wear and retention type until 5 years after orthodontic treatment

Objectives. To study occlusal wear of anterior teeth in orthodontic patients retained with different retainers until 5 years post-treatment, and to investigate whether type of retention influences occlusal wear. Material and methods. Orthodontic patients (n=222), aged 15 years maximally at the start of treatment, were followed until 5 years post-treatment. In the maxilla, a retainer bonded on all six teeth or a removable retainer was used; in the mandible, a lingual retainer was bonded on all anterior teeth or on canines only. Dental casts were analyzed before treatment (T₀), after treatment (T₁), and 5 years post-treatment (T₅). Incisal and canine wear were scored by applying a grading scale. Intercanine width, overjet, and overbite were measured with an electronic caliper. Statistics used were: Paired samples t-test for differences over time; Pearson correlation coefficients for associations between wear and retention type; and backward linear regression for influence of retention type on wear. Results. There was an increase in wear during all time periods and for all teeth. From T₀ to T₅ an increase in maxillary intercanine width and maxillary retention had an effect on changes in canine wear. Incisal wear was associated with an increase in upper intercanine width (T₁–T₅). For both arches, an increase in maxillary intercanine width during treatment was associated with less progression of canine and incisal wear, but the explained variance was low, 13.4% and 19.3%, respectively. Conclusions. Retention type and, occasionally, an increase in intercanine width influence anterior teeth wear post-treatment. However, the clinical significance and impact of the examined retention methods on occlusal wear are small.     

Estimates of orthodontic treatment need in Danish schoolchildren

ABSTRACT Orthodontic treatment need has been assessed on the basis of complete orthodontic records in a random sample of 293 Danish children aged 13–17 years by a group of postgraduate orthodontic students and by three orthodontists. The estimates of treatment need ranged from 45 % to 61 %. Interexaminer agreement in pairs was observed in 77 %– 92 % (mean 83 %) of the cases. Uniformity in four individual assessments was reached in 69 % of the cases: 38 % were considered in need of treatment and 31 % were considered not to present such need; conversely, 31 % gave rise to disagreement. It is argued that, at present, the orthodontist's subjective estimate of treatment need probably constitutes a more realistic approach to the problem of assigning treatment priority than the various indices of malocclusion.     

北京地区正畸患者就诊要求和原因的调查分析

目的　研究北京地区正畸治疗患者就诊的要求和原因。方法　随机抽取北京医科大学正畸科门诊咨询患者 10 38人 ,平均年龄 14 79岁及北京五个城区的五所中小学适龄儿童 10 0 0人 ,平均年龄12 6 8岁做问卷调查。结果　研究结果发现 :1 正畸治疗的主要目标是排齐牙列。 2 挂号的儿童主要是应父母的要求前来就诊 ,而成人病人主要是为了社交的需要。 3 大部分患者认为 ,人的相貌很重要。结论　无论是成人还是儿童获得最大程度的美观是正畸患者前来就诊主要的原因 ,对于儿童父母的要求也是影响正畸治疗重要的原因。