腹腔镜开窗取胚术治疗输卵管妊娠术后的受孕率及预防复发分析

目的探究腹腔镜开窗取胚术对输卵管妊娠术后受孕率及再次复发的影响。方法回顾性分析2014年1月至2017年12月本院收治的120例输卵管妊娠患者的诊疗情况。其中60例行腹腔镜开窗取胚术(观察组),其余60例行腔镜输卵管切除术(对照组)。就两组患者的手术情况、血清β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素(β-HCG)变化以及妊娠结局情况进行对比分析。结果两组的术中出血量、住院时间以及术前血清β-HCG水平比较无显著差异(P0.05)。观察组的手术时间、β-HCG恢复正常时间明显长于对照组,术后1、12和24小时的血清β-HCG水平均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组的持续性异位妊娠和重复异位妊娠发生率比较无统计学意义(P0.05),观察组的输卵管再通率和宫内妊娠率(76.67%、71.67%)明显高于对照组(56.67%、51.67%),两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论腹腔镜开窗取胚术与腹腔镜输卵管切除术的手术效果相当,但腹腔镜开窗取胚术能够有效预防异位妊娠再次复发。尽管腹腔镜开窗取胚术的术后恢复较慢,但能够有效保留患侧输卵管,使患者的宫内妊娠率得到显著提升,有利于患者的再次妊娠。     

输卵管妊娠经腹腔镜保守手术治疗的临床研究

目的 探讨各种类型输卵管妊娠在腹腔镜下保留输卵管的手术治疗效果。方法 应用腹腔镜对62例输卵管妊娠病人,采用从输卵管妊娠部位开窗或输卵管破口处取胚并局部多点注射氨甲喋呤(MTX)。结果 6l例流产型、破裂型、未破裂型等全部完成保留输卵管手术,无并发症发生,尿HCG术后2周降至正常。l例发生持续性妊娠,肌注MTX后痊愈。术后l～4个月18例行HSG或输卵管通水术,通畅率833％,术后4年内再次宫内妊娠12例,妊娠率66．7％。结论 腹腔镜下保守性手术治疗输卵管妊娠安全,创伤小,并发症少,是保留育龄妇女生育功能的较好方法。     

腹腔镜保守手术与药物保守治疗治疗异位妊娠利弊分析

目的对比分析腹腔镜保守手术法与药物保守治疗法各自治疗输卵管异位妊娠的利与弊,为临床患者选择最佳治疗方式提供依据。方法选取2009年2月至2013年2月至本院异位妊娠患者1480例,半随机分为腹腔镜组和药物组。腹腔镜组770例,患者给予腹腔镜保守手术患侧输卵管开窗术治疗;药物组710例,患者给予甲氨蝶呤药物治疗。腹腔镜组术中观察手术出血情况、两侧输卵管粘连情况、手术时间等,药物组观察用药时间及用药期间不良反应情况。综合对比两组患者住院时间、血β-HCG下降情况、持续异位妊娠情况、输卵管术后通畅情况,以及治疗后12~18个月的宫内妊娠率和再次异位妊娠率。结果腹腔镜组住院时间(4±2)天,手术成功率96%,25例出现术后不良反应,输卵管通畅率83.8%,再次宫外妊娠率28.3%;药物组住院时间(12±4)天,成功率85%,输卵管通畅率59.7%,再次宫外妊娠率25.9%,药物不良反应者14.4%。血β-HCG下降速度腹腔组明显快于药物组。结论腹腔镜手术治疗输卵管异位妊娠具有微创、盆腔干扰少、疼痛轻、手术成功率高、术后输卵管通畅率高等优点,但术中对输卵管有一定的损伤,影响输卵管正常功能;而药物治疗虽然具有费用少、简单、无需手术等优点,但治疗时间长、不稳定因素多,且易出现用药不良反应。因此,两种治疗方法各有利弊,应根据患者实际情况及要求选择最优的治疗方式。     

腹腔镜开窗取胚术联合甲氨蝶呤局部注射与药物保守治疗异位妊娠后再次妊娠的临床对比研究

目的:分析腹腔镜开窗取胚术联合甲氨蝶呤局部注射与药物保守治疗异位妊娠的临床疗效,探讨其对再次妊娠的影响。方法:回顾分析2011年3月至2014年9月未破裂异位妊娠且有生育要求的111例患者的临床资料,分为腹腔镜开窗取胚术组(A组,n=56)与药物保守治疗组(B组,n=55)。观察并记录两组治疗后的β-HCG值、再次妊娠率、输卵管通畅率、异位妊娠复发率及妊娠结局。结果:A组住院时间、出院时血清β-HCG值低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);在2年的随访中,A组再次宫内妊娠率、输卵管通畅率、正常分娩率均高于B组,异位妊娠复发率、流产率低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:腹腔镜开窗取胚术联合甲氨蝶呤局部注射治疗异位妊娠临床效果较好,住院时间短,出院时血清β-HCG值低,术后再次宫内妊娠率及正常分娩率高,临床疗效确切,值得临床推广。     

输卵管妊娠应用悬吊式无气腹腹腔镜的临床干预研究

目的：研究输卵管妊娠应用悬吊式无气腹腹腔镜的临床干预疗效。方法临床组行双孔悬吊式无气腹腹腔镜实施开窗取胚术或输卵管切除术，气腹组行常规腹腔镜CO2气腹下实施开窗取胚术或输卵管切除术。比照两组的手术耗时、失血量，术后排气时间、住院时间，并发症，评价两组实施开窗取胚术患者输卵管通畅率。结果所有患者手术顺利。临床组手术耗时显著少于气腹组。两组术后失血量、肛门排气时间及术后住院时间相比无显著差异。临床组术后疼痛发生率显著低于气腹组。两组术后高热及皮下气肿发生率相比较无显著差异。临床组实施开窗取胚术的46例中，25例输卵管复畅、21例阻塞，故通畅率54.35%；气腹组实施开窗取胚术的47例中，16例输卵管复畅，31例阻塞，故通畅率34.04%，临床组输卵管再通率显著高于气腹组。结论输卵管妊娠应用悬吊式无气腹腹腔镜疗效确切，可显著降低术后疼痛率，并且保留输卵管患者可有效提高其术后输卵管通畅率。     

腹腔镜手术治疗输卵管妊娠的临床疗效观察

目的总结应腹腔镜手术治疗输卵管妊娠的效果。方法将64例输卵管妊娠患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组32例。对照组采用开腹手术,观察组实施腹腔镜手术,比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后肛门排气时间、术后并发症、住院时间、再次宫内妊娠的比例。结果两组患者的手术时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组术中出血量、术后肛门排气时间、术后并发症发生率、住院时间、再次宫内成功妊娠率均优于对照组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对输卵管妊娠患者实施腹腔镜手术,创伤小,恢复快,再次宫内妊娠率高。     

两种腹腔镜保守性术式治疗输卵管壶腹部妊娠效果观察

目的比较两种腹腔镜保守术式治疗输卵管壶腹部妊娠的效果。方法将105例输卵管壶腹部妊娠患者随机分成2组,观察组患者53例,采用腹腔镜输卵管切开取胚缝合术;对照组52例,采用腹腔镜输卵管开窗取胚术。比较2组术中创面止血时间、出血量、术后输卵管通畅度及术后随访期间再次妊娠状况。结果 2组术中创面止血时间和出血量比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组患者术后3个月输卵管通畅率、术后1 a内宫内妊娠率明显高于对照组,术后1 a内重复性异位妊娠率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论腹腔镜输卵管切开取胚缝合术和腹腔镜输卵管开窗取胚术治疗输卵管壶腹部妊娠均有一定效果,其中腹腔镜输卵管切开取胚缝合术术后输卵管通畅率和再次妊娠率高。     

甲氨蝶呤联合腹腔镜开窗取胚术治疗输卵管异位妊娠效果观察

目的探讨甲氨蝶呤联合腹腔镜开窗取胚术治疗输卵管异位妊娠的临床效果。方法对52例未破裂输卵管异位妊娠且有生育要求的患者先单次肌内注射甲氨蝶呤(MTX)50 mg/kg,24～48 h后给予腹腔镜开窗取胚术,并于术后适时行输卵管通液术。观察治疗效果及随访期间输卵管通畅情况和再次妊娠情况。结果 52例患者手术过程顺利。无中转行患侧输卵管切除术或开腹手术。手术时间为(42.3±10.6) min,术中出血量(20.3±1.6)mL,术后住院时间为6.02 d,术后β-HCG降至正常值时间为(9.73±4.26)d。术后随访24个月,3个月时复查超声显示:输卵管通畅40例(76.92%),输卵管通而不畅7例(14.81%),输卵管不通5例(9.62%)。其间再次宫内妊娠成功33例(63.16%),再次异位妊娠4例(7.69%)。结论甲氨蝶呤联合腹腔镜开窗取胚术治疗输卵管异位妊娠,创伤小,可提高输卵管通畅和再次宫内妊娠率,降低再次异位妊娠的发病率,安全性高。     

腹腔镜下保守性手术治疗输卵管妊娠的临床价值

目的：探讨腹腔镜下保守性手术治疗输卵管妊娠的临床价值。方法：将116例输卵管妊娠患者分为两组,观察组58例行腹腔镜下保留输卵管手术,术中患侧输卵管注射甲氨蝶呤25mg。对照组58例行腹腔镜下输卵管切除术,比较术后持续性异位妊娠发生率、再次异位妊娠发生率和宫内妊娠率。结果：术后2年内观察组宫内妊娠率23例（60．53％）,对照组宫内妊娠率13例（34．5％）,两组比较差异有统计学意义。再次异位妊娠发生率观察组9例（23．68％）,对照组7例（18．92％）,两组比较差异无统计学意义。结论：腹腔镜下保守性治疗输卵管妊娠安全、有效、宫内妊娠率高,不增加持续性宫外孕及再次异位妊娠发生的风险。     

腹腔镜输卵管开窗取胚缝合术联合甲氨蝶呤局部注射治疗输卵管壶腹部妊娠48例临床分析

目的分析腹腔镜手术联合甲氨蝶呤局部注射治疗输卵管壶腹部妊娠的方法和效果。方法选取2015-01—2017-02间兰考县中心医院收治的48例输卵管壶腹部妊娠患者,均给予腹腔镜输卵管开窗、取胚、缝合术联合甲氨蝶呤局部注射治疗。回顾性分析患者的临床资料。结果 48例患者均顺利完成腹腔镜手术。手术时间为(47.26±14.58)min,术中出血量为(352.1±25.6)mL。术后住院时间为(5.21±1.50)d。复查肝肾功能均在正常范围。血清β-HCG恢复正常时间为(11.26±3.69)。术后均随访12～18个月,其间2例(4.17%)患者再次发生原输卵管妊娠部位妊娠,经患侧输卵管切除术痊愈。32例有生育要求的患者中21例(65.62%)宫内妊娠。结论对输卵管壶腹部妊娠患者实施腹腔镜开窗、取胚、缝合术联合甲氨蝶呤局部注射治疗,创伤小、患者术后恢复快、再次异位妊娠率低和宫内妊娠率高,效果理想。     

腹腔镜保守性手术联合甲氨蝶呤预防持续性异位妊娠的临床价值

目的：探讨输卵管妊娠腹腔镜保守性手术后局部使用甲氨蝶呤（methotrexate,MTX）预防持续性异位妊娠（persistent ectopic pregnancy,PEP）的临床价值。方法：64例输卵管妊娠患者行保守性手术,研究组术后局部用MTK 20mg,比较两组术后血β—HCG值的下降水平及PEP的残生率。结果：研究组术后第3、7、12天的血β—HCG值下降水平、恢复至正常所需时间及PEP发生率均低于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论：腹腔镜保守性手术后局部使用MTX可预防持续性异位妊娠,术后监测血β—HCG值的变化,可早期发现持续性异位妊娠。     

探讨腹腔镜手术诊治异位妊娠的价值

目的:探讨腹腔镜手术诊断和治疗异位妊娠的应用价值。方法:2004年1月至2008年12月我院为226例拟诊为异位妊娠的患者行腹腔镜探查,明确诊断223例,同时行单侧输卵管切除术,输卵管开窗术及宫角切除术;诊断不明确3例,进一步行诊刮术。结果:223例经腹腔镜探查确诊为异位妊娠,221例成功行腹腔镜手术,2例中转开腹。3例腹腔镜下未见明显妊娠部位而行诊刮术,其中1例卵巢黄体破裂合并宫内妊娠行黄体囊肿剥除术,2例宫内宫外未见妊娠部位,注射MTX治疗成功。224例腹腔镜术后6～24h肛门排气,除2例用MTX保守治疗外,222例术后4d出院,2例中转开腹者术后24～36h肛门排气,术后5～6d出院。结论:腹腔镜探查有利于异位妊娠的早期诊断,腹腔镜手术治疗异位妊娠安全、有效、康复快。     

Day-care laparoscopic appendectomies.

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the safety of laparoscopic appendectomy in a day-care setting and to compare patients selected for laparoscopic versus open appendectomy. DESIGN: A retrospective, nonrandomized study. SETTING: A community hospital in a small town in British Columbia. PATIENTS: Ninety-four consecutive patients with a clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis. INTERVENTIONS: Each patient underwent laparoscopic or open appendectomy as selected by the operating surgeon. OUTCOME MEASURES: Duration of operation and of hospital stay, morbidity and mortality. RESULTS: The average operating time was 32 minutes for open appendectomy and 36 minutes for laparoscopic appendectomy. Two (4%) of the 52 patients who had a laparoscopic appendectomy had significant complications; 1 of them required reoperation for intra-abdominal abscess. Thirty-nine (75%) of the laparoscopic appendectomies were done as day-care procedures. The average length of stay for the remaining patients was 2.1 days. The overall complication rate for patients who underwent open appendectomy was 20%. The average length of stay for these patients was 3.2 days; no patient was discharged within 24 hours. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic appendectomy can be safely performed as a day-care procedure, even for selected patients with gangrenous or perforated appendices. Patients typically selected for open appendectomy include children and those with more advanced infection.     

Laparoscopic appendicectomy: the ideal procedure for laparoscopic skill training for surgical registrars

OBJECTIVE: Appendicectomy is a very common surgical procedure performed by registrars. It is mainly carried out by surgical registrars as an open procedure in many government hospitals. We aimed to evaluate laparoscopic appendicectomy as a laparoscopic training skill in a clinical setting for our registrars. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of all attempted laparoscopic appendicectomies over 12 months by experienced surgeons and registrars was done. Factors evaluated were operating time, conversion rate, postoperative hospital stay, morbidity and mortality. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in operating time for surgeons and registrars (mean, 53 minutes vs. 60 minutes), conversion rate (10% vs. 11%). Mean hospital stay for patients operated on by surgeons was 3.1 days and 3.2 days for registrars. Morbidity was equal with both surgeons and registrars. CONCLUSION: We conclude that laparoscopic appendicectomy is a safe laparoscopic training tool for registrars with basic laparoscopic knowledge who have had a proper apprenticeship, and can be done in a clinical setting.     

Previous abdominal operations do not affect the outcomes of laparoscopic colorectal surgery

Background Previous abdominal surgery has been regarded as a relative contraindication for laparoscopic surgery. However, studies on laparoscopic cholecystectomy have showed that the presence of prior abdominal procedures does not affect the outcomes of surgery. This study aimed to investigate the impact of previous abdominal surgery on laparoscopic colorectal surgery.Methods This study enrolled 295 consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic colorectal surgery from May 2000 to May 2003. The patients were divided into two groups: those with previous abdominal surgery (n = 84) and those without a prior operation (n = 211). The outcomes of surgery for the two groups were compared with respect to the duration of surgery, blood loss, conversion rate, time to return of bowel function, resumption of diet, complications, and the hospital stay.Results The study included 158 men and 137 women. The median age of the patients was 70 years (range, 33-91 years). Significantly more female patients and patients with benign diseases had prior abdominal surgery. Conversion was required for 17.8% of the patients with and 11.4% of the patients without previous surgery (p = 0.181). There were no differences in the operating time or blood loss between the two groups. The time to bowel movement and resumption of diet were similar in the two groups. The median hospital stay was 7 days for both groups. Of the 39 conversions, 28.2% were necessitated mainly by the presence of adhesions. In the patients who underwent conversion because of adhesions (n = 11), nine had prior surgery and two did not (p = 0.001).Conclusions The presence of prior surgery does not affect the operating time or blood loss of patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery. The conversion rate is not increased for patients with prior surgery. The postoperative outcomes in terms of ileus, complication rate, and hospital stay are not worse for patients with prior surgery. Previous abdominal surgery should not be considered as a contraindication for laparoscopic colorectal surgery.     

Totally laparoscopic strategies for the management of colorectal cancer with synchronous liver metastasis

Introduction

Laparoscopy is an accepted treatment for colorectal cancer and liver metastases, but there is no consensus for its use in the management of synchronous liver metastases (SCRLM). The purpose of this study was to evaluate totally laparoscopic strategies in the management of colorectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases.

Methods

Patients presenting to Ninewells Hospital between July 2007 and August 2010, with adenocarcinoma of the colon and rectum with synchronous liver metastases were considered. Patients underwent simultaneous laparoscopic liver and colon cancer resection, a staged laparoscopic resection of SCRLM and colon cancer, or simultaneous colon resection and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of SCRLM. Primary endpoints were in-hospital morbidity and mortality, total hospital stay, intraoperative blood loss, duration of surgery, and resection margin status.

Results

Twenty-eight patients presented with synchronous colorectal liver metastases. Thirteen patients underwent a simultaneous laparoscopic liver and colon resection (median operating time, 370 (range, 190–540) min; median hospital stay, 7 (range, 3–54) days), seven patients had a staged laparoscopic resection of SCRLM and primary colon cancer (median operating time, 530 (range, 360–980) min; median hospital stay 14, (range, 6–51) days), and eight patients underwent laparoscopic colon resection and RFA of SCRLM (median operating time, 310 (range, 240–425) min; median hospital stay, 8 (range, 6–13) days). There were no conversions to an open procedure. Overall in-hospital morbidity and mortality was 28 and 0?% respectively. An R0 resection margin was achieved in 91?% of the resection group. At a median follow-up of 26 (range, 18–55) months, 19 (90?%) patients remain disease-free.

Conclusions

Totally laparoscopic strategies for the radical treatment of stage IV colorectal cancer are feasible with low morbidity and favorable outcomes. A laparoscopic approach for the simultaneous management of SCRLM and primary colon cancer is associated with reduced surgical access trauma, postoperative morbidity, and hospital stay with no compromise in short-term oncological outcome.     

腹腔镜在异位妊娠诊治中的价值

目的 探讨腹腔镜手术在异位妊娠诊断和治疗中的价值。方法 2003年1月～2005年1月,我院对342例临床拟诊异位妊娠行腹腔镜检查。诊断明确335例,行单侧输卵管切除术、输卵管开窗术、部分卵巢切除术或宫角切除术等：诊断不明确7例,进一步行诊断性刮宫术。结果 335例腹腔镜确诊异位妊娠,333例成功行腹腔镜手术（包括3例卵巢妊娠、3例输卵管间质部妊娠）,2例中转开腹。7例腹腔镜未见明显妊娠部位行诊断性刮宫术,其中1例子宫畸形（残角子宫）合并宫内妊娠行残角子宫及同侧输卵管切除术,1例卵巢黄体囊肿破裂合并宫内妊娠行黄体囊肿剥出术,5例宫内外均未发现妊娠部位,MTX治疗成功。340例腹腔镜术后8～24h肛门排气,除5例MTX保守治疗外,335例术后2～4d出院;2例中转开腹术后24～36h肛门排气,术后6d出院。结论 腹腔镜检查有利于异位妊娠的早期诊断;腹腔镜手术治疗异位妊娠安全有效、恢复快。     

腹腔镜下保留肾单位手术止血经验介绍

目的 探讨腹腔镜下保留肾单位手术止血方法及临床效果.方法应用超声刀、双极电凝切除肾肿瘤,止血纱布块填压、生物黏合剂喷洒及肾实质创面缝合的方法对30例肾肿瘤患者行腹腔镜下保留肾单位手术,其中经腹腔途径4例.男22例,女8例.平均年龄50岁.局限性肾癌20例,肿瘤平均直径2.5(1.5～4.0)cm;肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤10例,肿瘤平均直径2.4(1.0～4.0)cm.观察手术时间、术中术后出血量、术后住院天数、并发症及手术疗效.结果 30例均完成腹腔镜下保留肾单位手术,20例未阻断肾蒂.平均手术时间169min,平均出血量100 ml,1例术中输血200 ml,另1例术后第3天发生继发性出血,腹膜后血肿,输血800 ml.未发生其他并发症.术后平均住院9 d.30例术后1个月肾功能均正常.19例肾癌患者随访1～26个月,平均9个月,肿瘤无复发. 结论 腹腔镜下保留肾单位手术时,应用超声刀、双极电凝切除肿瘤,止血纱布块填压、生物黏合剂喷洒及肾实质创面缝合法止血效果确实可靠.     

腹腔镜肝切除在肝血管瘤治疗中的应用

目的 探讨腹腔镜肝切除治疗肝血管瘤的可行性及安全性.方法 12例肝血管瘤患者中,腹腔镜肝左外叶切除5例,腹腔镜肝段或局部切除7例,其中3例合并胆囊结石同时切除胆囊.结果 手术均获成功,平均手术时间为155 min,术中平均出血量为230 mL,术后肺部感染1例,术后平均住院时间为8 d.术后无胆漏、出血等严重并发症发生...