不同浓度当归膜提取物对鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜血管新生的影响

目的研究不同浓度当归膜提取物对鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜(CAM)血管新生的影响。方法培养三黄种蛋50只,随机分为5组,每组10只。将当归膜提取物以不同浓度分别加到孵化6 d的CAM上,继续孵化3 d,在光学显微镜下计算用药后血管密度。结果当归膜提取物促鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜血管新生作用随浓度增大而增加,与剂量呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论当归膜提取物能明显促进鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜血管新生。     

丹红注射液促血管新生作用及其量效关系的实验研究

目的探讨丹红注射液的促血管新生作用及其量效关系的可能机制。方法分别以碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）与生理盐水作为阳性及阴性对照,不同浓度丹红注射液作用于鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜（CAM）后计数一级、二级血管,观察其促血管新生作用。不同浓度丹红注射液加入脐静脉血管内皮细胞培养液（HUV）中,以ELISA方法检测培养液中血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）的浓度差别。结果不同浓度丹红注射液的CAM一级及二级血管新生均较生理盐水组增强,且有量效关系。丹红注射液各组内皮培养液中VEGF浓度均高于生理盐水组,也存在量效关系。结论丹红注射液具有促CAM血管新生的作用且有量效关系,可能的机制为丹红注射液具有促血管内皮分泌VEGF,作用也存在量效关系。     

马钱子碱对鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜血管生成的影响

目的探讨马钱子碱对鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜（CAM））血管生成的影响。方法种蛋在孵育7d后制备CAM模型,不同浓度马钱子碱、沙利度胺、生理盐水滴加于CAM表而的载体上,然后制备鸡胚CAM标本,解剖显微镜下计数新生血管数目。结果不同浓度马钱子碱组均有抑制CAM血管生成作用,血管数目明显少于生理盐水组（P〈0．05）,但却多于沙利度胺组（P〈0．05）。结论马钱子碱显著抑制鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜的血管生成,并且呈浓度依赖关系。     

乌司他丁对血管新生抑制作用的实验研究

采用鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜血管生成模型及第4代人皮肤微血管内皮细胞（HMVEC） ,观察乌司他丁对鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜新生血管的抑制作用及乌司他丁对HMVEC体外增殖的影响.结果乌司他丁可以明显抑制鸡胚尿囊膜新生血管的形成,但是并不能抑制HMVEC的体外增殖.认为乌司他丁抑制血管新生的机理并非抑制微血管内皮细胞的增殖.     

细胞外基质蛋白-1与肿瘤发生关系的研究进展

细胞外基质蛋白-1是一种分泌性糖蛋白,能刺激内皮细胞增殖和促进鸡胚绒毛膜尿囊膜血管的生成。研究表明细胞外基质蛋白-1可能在肿瘤的侵袭转移及血管生成的过程中扮演着重要的角色。     

速效救心丸对鸡胚尿囊膜血管生成的影响

目的 研究速效救心丸对鸡胚尿囊膜(CAM)血管生成的影响.方法 利用CAM模型,选取重组牛碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)作为阳性对照药,观察速效救心丸对CAM周围一级、二级与总血管数的影响.结果 速效救心丸大、小剂量组对CAM一级、二级与总血管数均有明显的促进作用,与生理盐水和正常血清组比较有统计学意义(P＜0.01),但不及阳性对照组(P＜0.01);在一级血管促进方面,速效救心丸大剂量组优于小剂量组(P＜0.01).在促进二级与总血管数方面,速效救心丸大、小剂量组之间无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 速效救心丸对CAM血管生成有明显的促进作用.     

益气养阴方抗肿瘤诱导鸡胚尿囊膜血管生成的研究

目的 研究益气养阴方抗肿瘤细胞诱导鸡胚尿囊膜(CAM)血管生成的效应.方法 制备接种肿瘤细胞的CAM模型,采用血清药理学方法制备含药血清.观察含药血清对肿瘤细胞诱导CAM血管生成的影响,并与生理盐水血清组对照.结果 益气养阴方含药血清可抑制肿瘤细胞诱导CAM血管生成,与生理盐水组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 益气养阴方对肿瘤细胞诱导的CAM血管生成有明显抑制作用.     

青蒿琥酯对人结肠癌HCT-8细胞诱导血管新生的影响及机制探讨

目的观察青蒿琥酯对人结肠癌HCT-8细胞诱导血管新生的影响,并探讨其作用机制。方法采用大鼠主动脉环体外培养实验和鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜体内血管生长实验观察青蒿琥酯对人结肠癌HCT-8细胞诱导血管新生的影响。采用Western blot法检测青蒿琥酯作用前后人结肠癌HCT-8细胞的血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、血管生成素-2(Ang-2)蛋白。结果青蒿琥酯可明显减少HCT-8细胞诱导的血管生成。HCT-8细胞高表达VEGF、Ang-2蛋白,青蒿琥酯呈剂量依赖方式下调HCT-8细胞VEGF、Ang-2蛋白的表达(P均<0.05)。结论青蒿琥酯具有抗人结肠癌HCT-8细胞诱导血管新生的效应,与青蒿琥酯抑制HCT-8细胞的VEGF、Ang-2蛋白表达有关。     

贝氏隐孢子虫鸡胚培养方法研究

建立能稳定获得大量贝氏隐孢子虫（Cryptosporidium baileyi）卵囊的鸡胚培养方法,应用于抗隐孢子虫药物筛选和C. baileyi体外传代培养研究。方法 研究鸡胚培养温度、卵囊接种量、卵囊脱囊处理和卵囊回收时间对C. baileyi卵囊在鸡胚中增殖量的影响。结果 C. baileyi卵囊经尿囊腔接种9日龄鸡胚后在37 ℃、38 ℃、40 ℃条件下培养168 h,各组鸡胚尿囊液中卵囊量差异不显著（P＞0.05）,但随着培养温度升高卵囊增殖量呈增加趋势。卵囊接种量分别为3.0×105个/枚和1.0×106个/枚,鸡胚40 ℃培养168 h,尿囊液中卵囊增殖倍数差异不显著（P＞0.05）。接种3.0×105个卵囊和等量卵囊脱囊后产物,鸡胚40 ℃培养168h,尿囊液中卵囊量差异不显著（P＞0.05）。接种3.0×105个卵囊,鸡胚40 ℃培养168 h,尿囊液中卵囊量显著高于接种后144 h和接种后192 h（P＜0.05）。结论 尿囊液回收时间是影响C. baileyi鸡胚培养卵囊获得量的重要因素,培养温度和接种量以40℃和3.0×105个/枚为宜,而卵囊脱囊处理是不必要的。     

当归补血汤超滤膜提取物对鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜血管新生的影响

目的观察当归补血汤超滤膜提取物对鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜（CAM）血管新生的影响，探讨其在治疗缺血性疾病中的作用机割。方法将不同浓度当归补血汤超滤膜提取物、表皮生长因子（EGF）和生理盐水（NS）分别通过载体加到孵化7d的CAM上，继续孵化3d，体视显微镜下观察CAM特异性血管生长情况及血管数目变化。结果当归补血汤超滤膜提取物（0．1g／L～0.3g／L）有明显的促进CAM血管新生作用，与生理盐水组比较有统计学意义（P〈0．05），其作用与浓度呈正相关，其中以0．3g／L作用最显著，但与EGF组比较促CAM血管新生作用相对较弱（P〈0.05）。结论当归补血汤超滤膜提取物能够明显促进CAM血管新生，且作用与剂量呈正相关，提示当归补血汤超滤膜提取物在治疗缺血性疾病方面可能与其促进血管新生有关。     

Use of complementary therapies in patients with cardiovascular disease

Previous studies have suggested that patients with chronic medical conditions use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) at a higher rate than the general population. Despite recent interest in CAM for cardiovascular disease, few data are available regarding patterns of use in patients with cardiovascular disease in the United States. This study used the 2002 National Health Interview Survey and analyzed data on CAM use in 10,572 respondents with cardiovascular disease. Among those with cardiovascular disease, 36% had used CAM (excluding prayer) in the previous 12 months. The most commonly used therapies were herbal products (18%) and mind-body therapies (17%). Among herbs, echinacea, garlic, ginseng, ginkgo biloba, and glucosamine with or without chondroitin were most commonly used. Among mind-body therapies, deep-breathing exercises and meditation were most commonly used. Overall, CAM was used most frequently for musculoskeletal complaints (24% of respondents who used mind-body therapies, 22% who used herbs, 45% who used any CAM). Mind-body therapies were also used for anxiety or depression (23%) and stress or emotional health and wellness (16%). Herbs were commonly used for head and chest colds (22%). Fewer respondents (10%) used CAM specifically for their cardiovascular conditions (5% for hypertension, 2% for coronary disease, 3% for vascular insufficiency, < 1% for heart failure or stroke). Most, however, who used CAM for their cardiovascular condition perceived the therapies to be helpful (80% for herbs, 94% for mind-body therapies). CAM use was more common in younger respondents, women, Asians, and those with more education and greater incomes. In conclusion, CAM use, particularly herbs and mind-body therapies, is common in the United States in patients with cardiovascular disease and mirrors use in the general population. CAM use specifically to treat cardiovascular conditions, however, is less common.     

Noninvasive detection of coronary artery disease in patients presenting with claudication

ECG chest wall mapping with bicycle ergometry which can detect not only myocardial ischaemia but also individual coronary artery territories involved has been used to screen 100 consecutive patients presenting with claudication. Fifty-three had a positive history and/or evidence of ischaemic heart disease on a resting ECG. The test was positive in 38, negative in 38 and inconclusive in 24, the latter because of inadequate heart rate response. In 11 out of 38 (29%) with a positive test there was no history or evidence of myocardial ischaemia on a conventional resting ECG. ECG changes suggestive of three vessel coronary disease were found in three, single vessel coronary disease in 16 and two vessel disease in 19. Of the latter, eight had changes in the LAD/circumflex distribution, indicating left main stem or equivalent disease. These together with the three with triple vessel coronary disease constituted a subset of 11 (11%) high risk patients who merited coronary angiography with a view to confirming the presence of severe coronary disease.     

中医药治疗冠心病的古今文献用药规律分析

目的分析中医药治疗冠心病的古今文献用药规律并比较二者异同。方法检索《中医方剂大辞典》、中国知网、维普数据库、万方数据库,收集处方信息,建立有关药物分类、功效、性味归经的数据库,并对高频药物进行聚类分析。结果共纳入古方170首,涉及药物197味。使用频次居前5位的药物为肉桂、甘草、当归、干姜、陈皮;使用频次居前3位的药物种类分别是温里药、补虚药、理气药;药性温>热>平>寒,药味辛>苦>甘>淡>酸。共纳入现代方剂149篇,涉及药物162味,使用频次居前5位的药物分别为丹参、川芎、炙甘草、黄芪、当归;使用频次位居前3位的药物分别为活血化瘀药、补虚药、理气药;药性温>寒>平>凉,药味甘>苦>辛>酸>淡。对古今方剂中高频药物进行聚类分析,古方聚为6个核心药物群,发现8个药对。今方共聚为4类,发现8个药对。结论古方治疗冠心病用药以温里散寒、补虚扶正为主,善用小方;现代方剂用药以益气活血为主,临床不限从心论治,还应注意调理脾、胃、肝、肾,同时强调肺经用药。     

Incidence and significance of decreases in systolic blood pressure during graded treadmill exercise testing.

The incidence of decreases in peak systolic blood pressure during treadmill exercise was investigated in 460 patients with definite or suspected coronary heart disease. All patients were studied with coronary cineangiography. Exercise was continued to one of the following end points: chest pain, 85 to 90 percent of the patient's age-predicted maximal heart rate, ventricular tachycardia or a sustained decrease of 10 mm Hg or more below the peak level of systolic blood pressure. Twenty-two patients with 75 percent or greater stenosis of one or more major coronary arteries manifested a decrease in systolic pressure 10 mm Hg or more during exercise. These included 15 (17 percent) of 88 patients with three vessel, 7 (7 percent) of 101 with two vessel and 0 of 90 with single vessel disease. The decrease in pressure was reproducible in the seven patients who underwent a second exercise test before alteration of therapy; this decrease was abolished in the six patients who exercised again after coronary bypass graft surgery.A decrease in systolic pressure of 10 mm Hg or more also occurred during exercise testing in 3 of 23 patients with noncoronary organic heart disease; all 3 had an obstructive cardlomyopathy that had not been suspected clinically. Only 1 of 158 subjects with chest pain and no demonstrable heart disease had a decrease in systolic blood pressure with exercise. Declines in blood pressure were not observed during 650 maximal exercise tests performed on 560 clinically normal men.In conclusion, if one excludes subjects with cardiomyopathy or significant heart valve disease, a sustained exercise-induced decrease in peak systolic blood pressure of 10 mm Hg or more is a highly specific sign of multiple vessel coronary artery disease. This phenomenon is best explained by acute left ventricular pump failure secondary to extensive myocardial ischemia.     

玉米须煎剂对冠心病患者血管内皮依赖性扩张功能的影响

目的：观察玉米须煎剂对冠心病患者血管内皮依赖性扩张功能的影响。方法-选择冠心病患者256例,随机分成治疗组（132例）和对照组（124例）。所有患者均接受冠心病的常规治疗。治疗组在此基础上服用玉米须煎剂（60g／d）．每日3次。每次100ml,疗程3周。血管超声测定血管内皮依赖性扩张功能,比较两组治疗前后血流介导的血管扩张（FMD）的变化。结果：治疗组治疗后血流介导的血管扩张（FMD）明显高于对照组[（11．61±2．04）％：（8．835±2．31）％,P〈0．053。结论：玉米须煎剂可改善冠心病患者血管内皮依赖性扩张功能。     

药物涂层球囊在冠状动脉原位大血管病变中的应用效果评价

目的评价药物涂层球囊在冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)患者冠状动脉(冠脉)原位大血管病变中应用的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2015年10月至2018年4月期间于北京大学首钢医院心内科住院的冠心病患者,冠脉造影检查存在冠脉原位病变,并行药物涂层球囊治疗的患者共184例,按照患者冠脉病变参考血管直径分为两组:大血管组(n=54,2.75 mm0.05)。大血管组和小血管组患者冠脉病变治疗前最小管腔直径分别为(1.07±0.47)mm及(0.78±0.39)mm,P<0.01;治疗后血管直径分别为(3.08±0.24)mm、(2.29±0.32)mm,P<0.01;即刻获得管腔直径分别为(2.02±0.52)mm、(1.51±0.42)mm,P<0.01;复查造影时最小管腔直径分别为(3.00±0.41)mm、(2.23±0.37)mm,P<0.01,晚期管腔丢失分别为0.06(0.03,0.10)mm、0.04(0.01,0.11)mm,P=0.94;两组患者随访6个月时大血管组不稳定性心绞痛1例,死亡1例,小血管组无MACE发生,两组患者MACE事件发生率无统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论大血管组与小血管组冠脉病变晚期管腔丢失及6月随访MACE事件相似,药物涂层球囊可在冠脉原位大血管病变中进一步探索性应用。     

国产BuMA支架在冠心病大小血管病变经皮冠状动脉介入治疗中的疗效比较

目的 评价国产BuMA生物降解药物涂层冠状动脉支架在冠心病小血管病变经皮冠状动脉介入治疗中的临床疗效及安全性.方法 选择182例行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）的冠心病患者,其中小血管病变组102例,大血管病变组80例,均置入BuMA生物降解药物涂层冠状动脉支架,比较观察手术成功率、术中并发症及在1～12个月随访期间的心绞痛、猝死、主要不良心脏事件（MACE）发生率及复查冠状动脉造影情况.结果 大血管病变组和小血管病变组手术即刻成功率均为100％,两组共发现203处靶病变,共置入支架273枚.术中均无严重并发症发生.对入选182例患者进行出院后第1、3、6、12个月门诊随访发现,小血管病变组8例心绞痛复发,其中1例为糖尿病患者.大血管病变组5例复发心绞痛.于术后第6～9个月复查冠状动脉造影证实,小血管病变组2例分别为右冠状动脉主干、左前降支支架内远段再狭窄达75％～80％,大血管病变组1例为左前降支支架近端再狭窄75％.两组心绞痛复发、冠状动脉造影支架内再狭窄及靶病变血运重建主要MACE发生率的差异均无统计学意义.两组均未出现迟发性支架内血栓、无心肌梗死及猝死.结论 国产BuMA生物降解药物涂层冠状动脉支架应用于冠心病小血管病变介入治疗安全、有效,疗效不逊于用于冠心病大血管病变时.     

主动脉内球囊反搏术在不同心脏病术后应用效果的比较

目的：通过比较分析３种心脏病术后应用主动脉内球囊反搏术（ＩＡＢＰ）的效果，对于提高抢救成功率有所裨益。方法：１９８２年至１９９４年末，冠心病、风湿性心脏病、先天性心脏病和其他疾病分别有７５、３６、１２和４例因心脏术后严重低心输出量综合征应用ＩＡＢＰ。结果：冠心病、风湿性心脏病和先天性心脏病分别有６１（８１％）、１８（５０％）和２（１６％）例有效并撤除Ｉ－ＡＢＰ，其中５４（７２％）、１２（３３％）和２（１６％）例恢复出院，３种心脏病术后应用ＩＡＢＰ的效果差别非常显著（Ｐ＜０．００５）。冠心病４例桥阻塞，１例再次手术治愈，３例未再手术死亡，先天性心脏病１例左心室发育小，ＩＡＢＰ无效死亡。结论：冠心病效果最佳，风湿性心脏病次之，先天性心脏病较差。如存在严重机械因素，应积极再次手术。     

Sudden coronary death in Glasgow: the severity and distribution of chronic coronary atherosclerotic stenoses.

A detailed analysis of the extent of coronary artery atherosclerosis was made in 92 white subjects (66 men and 26 women) who died suddenly from ischaemic heart disease. Stenoses resulting in loss of greater than or equal to 75% of luminal cross sectional area (significant stenosis) were found in 90 subjects and these were more extensive in the proximal coronary tree than in the distal. Thirty nine per cent had triple vessel disease, 37% had double vessel disease, and 23% had single vessel disease. In addition one man had an isolated significant stenosis affecting the left main coronary artery. The frequency of significant stenoses in the left main coronary artery was greater in men than in women. The arteries that were least affected were the distal branches of the right coronary artery. A notable feature was the widespread nature of the coronary atherosclerosis: only 26 of the total of 1840 segments of coronary artery examined in the 92 victims could be described as having a normal intima (less than or equal to 10% loss of the area within the internal elastic lamina).