CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞对同种胰岛移植免疫耐受的影响

目的 观察体外分离的CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞对同种胰岛移植免疫耐受的影响.方法 免疫磁珠法分离CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞,体外试验观察其对CD4+CD25-T细胞增殖的影响.将数量达1×106的CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞回输胰岛移植受体,对比其对移植物存活的影响.结果 分离的CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞体外试验可明显抑制CD4+CD25-T细胞的增殖.单纯胰岛移植组移植物物存活期为(5.57±0.79)d,回输受体CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞数量1×106、2×106时,胰岛移植物存活时间分别为(15.29±2.29)d和(25.43±2.30)d(P《0.01).CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞回输胰岛移植受体可显著延长移植物存活期,诱导免疫耐受的作用为剂量依赖性.结论 CD+CD25+调节性T细胞体外、体内试验可抑制效应性T细胞功能,诱导胰岛移植免疫耐受.     

调节性T细胞在移植免疫耐受中的研究进展

诱导移植免疫耐受需产生免疫反应下调。多年来,被称为抑制性T细胞现被命名为调节性T细胞(regulatory T cells,Treg),Treg在免疫应答的负性调控中发挥着重要作用。Treg介导的连锁性抑制和传染性耐受解释了发挥免疫耐受的机制。Treg通过离体扩增后回输体内,有望成为移植免疫耐受新的免疫过继疗法。     

CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞在维持小鼠肝脏移植自发性免疫耐受状态中的作用

目的 探讨CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞在维持小鼠肝脏移植免疫耐受状态中的作用.方法 进行小鼠原位肝脏移植,诱导出移植免疫耐受后,向受体注射抗CD25抗体(PC61)以去除CD4+CD25+T细胞,检测受体内CD4+CD25+T细胞数量及叉状头/翅膀状螺旋转录因子(Foxp3)的表达以确定CD4+CD25+T细胞完全被清除,同时观察受体生存时间.结果 与同种同系小鼠肝脏移植结果 相似,同种异系肝脏移植小鼠的生存时间亦均超过70 d.移植免疫耐受诱导后,PC61不同注射方案均能完全去除受体小鼠肝脏、脾脏及血液中的CD4+CD25+T细胞,且移植肝脏中Foxp3 mRNA的表达也明显降低,表明完全去除了CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞,但肝脏移植动物生存时间并未受到影响.结论 CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞对于小鼠肝脏移植自发性免疫耐受的维持并非必需.     

CD4^＋CD25^＋Treg细胞在移植免疫耐受的研究进展

CD4+CD25+Treg细胞是一类特殊的调节性T细胞,它具有免疫无能性和免疫抑制性两大功能特性,能通过多种机制诱导和维持免疫耐受,经过免疫磁珠分选后,能够在体外大量扩增,在器官移植领域有潜在的应用价值.     

CD4^＋CD25^＋调节性T细胞在维持小鼠肝脏移植自发性免疫耐受状态中的作用

目的 探讨CD4^＋CD25^＋调节性T细胞在维持小鼠肝脏移植免疫耐受状态中的作用。方法 进行小鼠原位肝脏移植,诱导出移植免疫耐受后,向受体注射抗CD25抗体（PC61）以去除CD4^＋CD25^＋T细胞,检测受体内CD4^＋CD25^＋T细胞数量及叉状头／翅膀状螺旋转录因子（Foxp3）的表达以确定CD4^＋CD25^＋T细胞完全被清除,同时观察受体生存时间。结果与同种同系小鼠肝脏移植结果相似,同种异系肝脏移植小鼠的生存时间亦均超过70d。移植免疫耐受诱导后,PC61不同注射方案均能完全去除受体小鼠肝脏、脾脏及血液中的CD4^＋CD25^＋T细胞,且移植肝脏中Foxp3mRNA的表达也明显降低,表明完全去除了CD4^＋CD25。调节性T细胞,但肝脏移植动物生存时间并未受到影响。结论CD4^＋CD25^＋调节性T细胞对于小鼠肝脏移植自发性免疫耐受的维持并非必需。     

小鼠CD4T细胞转化的双阴性T细胞的效应分子研究

目的 研究小鼠CD4 T细胞转化的CD4-CD8-双阴性T细胞的功能特点,进一步明确双阴性T细胞的免疫抑制作用机制.方法 应用转录组测序和蛋白质质谱技术分析了小鼠转化的双阴性T细胞基因表达谱.应用流式细胞术等技术验证了细胞活化分子CD44、CD69和OX40的表达水平并应用CFSE染色法验证双阴性T细胞的杀伤功能.结果 小鼠转化的双阴性T细胞表达了与其他成熟CD4 T细胞不同的细胞表型.小鼠转化的双阴性T细胞明显高表达细胞表面活化分子CD44、CD69和OX40,以及颗粒酶、穿孔素等细胞杀伤相关基因.穿孔素基因敲除的双阴性T细胞抑制淋巴细胞增殖的能力明显降低.结论 小鼠CD4 T细胞转化的双阴性T细胞是与其他成熟CD4 T细胞不同的T细胞终末分化亚群.小鼠转化的双阴性T细胞高表达细胞活化分子和免疫杀伤类细胞因子,并主要通过穿孔素途径发挥免疫抑制功能.     

T细胞疫苗诱导大鼠同种异体肢体移植免疫耐受的实验研究

目的 探讨T细胞疫苗（TCV）诱导大鼠同种异体肢体移植特异性免疫耐受的作用。方法 制备受者Lewis大鼠针对供者DA大鼠的TCV，应用TCV，免疫正常Lewis大鼠共3次，每周1次。设TCV组和TCV未接种组，在接种前及接种后5d进行混合淋巴细胞培养（MLR）；设TCV组、CsA组和空白对照组，于接种后7d进行DA大鼠针对Lewis大鼠的同种异体肢体移植，在术后7d进行淋巴细胞毒检测，术后21d进行嵌合分析。结果 MLR显示，Lewis大鼠的脾细胞反应程度接种组显著低于未接种组（P〈0．01）；微量细胞毒测定显示，死亡细胞百分率在TCV组、CsA组、空白对照组3组比较性差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；嵌合分析显示经处理的Lewis大鼠脾脏，胸腺中检测出了DA大鼠源性的骨髓嵌合体。结论 T细胞疫苗可以抑制受者对供者的免疫应答；作为骨髓移植前预处理手段，T细胞疫苗接种后行吻合血管的骨髓移植成功地诱导出同种异体肢体移植嵌合耐受。     

T细胞与移植免疫耐受研究进展

如何让移植肾建立免疫耐受,最终减少甚至放弃使用抗排斥药物,是肾移植科医师和患者期盼的理想状态。调控T细胞诱导移植免疫耐受是目前研究的热点。本文从T细胞克隆清除、T细胞克隆无能、调节性T细胞、Th1/Th2细胞偏移等方面,综述T细胞与移植免疫耐受的研究进展。     

CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞与移植免疫耐受

CD4^＋CD25^＋调节性T细胞是一类具有特殊免疫调节功能的T细胞亚群,它所介导的免疫抑制在移植免疫耐受的诱导和维持中起关键作用。本文对近年来CD4^＋CD25^＋调节性T细胞的作用机制及免疫耐受等方面的研究进行了综述。     

Characterization of CD3+CD4-CD8- (double negative) T cells reconstitution in patients following hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation

Background

CD3+CD4−CD8−double negative (DN) T cells, as a distinct subset of regulatory T cells (Tregs), played a pivotal role in patients following hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation.

Methods

This study examines the behavior of CD3+CD4−CD8− double negative (DN) T cells in 73 patients at days 30, 60, 90 and 180 after allo-HSCT.

Results

There was no significant difference in neutrophil and platelet engraftment between the higher and lower absolute counts of 30 days DN Tregs (p = 0.674, 0.863, respectively). The reconstitution of DN Tregs was significantly slower than that of CD8+, CD4+, and CD3+CD8+CD28− T cells (p < 0.001), but significantly faster than that of CD19+ and CD4+CD25+ T cells (p < 0.001, p = 0.032, respectively). Importantly, in the HLA mismatched group, DN Tregs reconstitution had significant effect on aGVHD (p = 0.027) and there was significant correlation between aGVHD and DN Tregs reconstitution (p = 0.035). DN Tregs reconstitution was significantly faster in the patients who were devoid of aGVHD than that of patients who developed aGVHD. Furthermore, we compared the absolute value of DN Tregs at 30 days, 60 days, 90 days and 180 days after allo-HSCT with grade aGVHD and found an inverse linear relationship in the HLA mismatched group (n = 37, P < 0.001, r = − 0.573).

Conclusions

The successful expansion of DN Tregs at 60 days after allo-HCST may help avoid severe manifestations of aGVHD in the HLA mismatched group, suggesting that DN Tregs have potential protection effect against aGVHD.     

树突状细胞和CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞在免疫耐受中的作用及关系

诱导免疫耐受具有高效、低毒、经济等优点,在器官移植中有着极其重要的意义.在建立免疫耐受中,树突状细胞(DC)起到克隆清除、克隆无能、表达T细胞抑制因子、选择性激活辅助T细胞和诱导调节性T细胞尤其是CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞的产生等作用.而CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞主要以DC为作用靶点,影响其分化成熟,抑制DC向...     

The immunologic function of 1B2+ double negative (CD4-CD8-) T cells in the 2C transgenic mouse

BACKGROUND: 2C mice bearing the cytotoxic TCR for class I L(d) on a C57BL/6 (B6) background have a preponderance of 1B2+CD8+ T cells directed against L(d). These naive CD8+ T cells are not directly cytotoxic without prior in vivo or in vitro activation. However, after in vitro sensitization, they become highly cytotoxic and will acutely and specifically reject a tolerant L(d+) BALB/c heart graft. Anti-lymphocyte serum (ALS) treatment eliminates CD4+ and CD8+ cells and a large double negative (CD4-CD8-) 1B2+ non-cytotoxic transgenic cell population remains. The immunological function of this unique peripheral population of T cells is investigated in the 2C transgenic mouse. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To determine the activation characteristics of the 2C CD4-CD8- T cells, 2C peripheral T cells were analyzed for 1B2+, CD8+, and CD4+ marker by FACS before and 48-h after 0.5 cc ALS i.p. Similarly, in vitro, the response of these 2C CD4-CD8- T cells remaining after deletion of mature CD4+ and CD8+ T cells with ALS plus complement were evaluated by mixed lymphocyte culture and cytotoxic T lymphocyte after 7 days culture with BALB/c, IL-2, or BALB/c + IL-2. Parallel experiments were performed with control non-transgenic B6 mice. Following in vitro culture with BALB/c + IL-2, 2C CD4-CD8- T cells were injected into B6 mice with a tolerant BALB/c heart (tolerization via anti-CD4 mAb and intrathymic BALB/c) to determine their immunogenicity. RESULTS: While peripheral T cells in control B6 mice have <5% CD4-CD8- cells, transgenic 2C mice have a significantly increased percentage at 29 to 35% (P < 0.01). After the deletion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells with either in vivo or in vitro ALS, 2C CD4-CD8- T cells increased to 96 to 99%. After 7-day culture, the 2C CD4-CD8- T cells decreased again to 33 to 38%. Simultaneously, 2C CD8+ T cells decreased from 56 to 62% to 0.1 to 3% after ALS treatment, but again increased to 61 to 70% after in vitro culture. Untreated 2C cells responded to IL-2 or BALB/c antigen equally well. However, after ALS treatment, CD4-CD8- T cells responded to IL-2 and IL-2 plus antigen, but not BALB/c antigen alone. Finally, CD4-CD8- T cells cultured for 7 days with BALB/c + IL-2 rejected the tolerant BALB/c heart in 5.3 +/- 0.3 days. CONCLUSION: In the periphery of transgenic 2C mice is a unique CD4-CD8- population of T cells bearing the transgenic specific marker 1B2. These non-cytotoxic cells can be optimally stimulated to develop marked specific L(d) cytotoxicity in parallel with the expression of the CD8+ epitope.     

个体化免疫耐受的诱导与调节性T细胞

免疫耐受的诱导是器官移植免疫领域的重要组成部分和最高追求目标,它基于对移植抗原识别、提呈以及免疫系统的激活和应答等免疫学本质的认识。但是,在成功诱导免疫耐受之前,如何对器官移植受者实施个体化免疫耐受诱导,从而使免疫抑制剂和个体化治疗措施实现最优化的搭配,来达到预防和治疗排斥反应的效果最佳、不良反应最小的理想状态,仍然是移植工作者不断探索和仍未解决的难题。本文综合国际核心期刊报道内容,从免疫耐受诱导机制、可操作性免疫耐受的实现、个体化免疫耐受诱导新策略及调节性T细胞在个体化免疫耐受中的应用,并结合本中心调节性T细胞临床和基础研究成果综合讨论个体化免疫耐受诱导策略和未来展望。     

近交系大鼠肝移植自发免疫耐受模型的建立及其CD8+CD28-T细胞的作用

目的建立近交系大鼠原位肝移植自发免疫耐受模型,并研究CD8+CD28- T细胞在自发免疫耐受形成中的作用.方法双袖套法建立原位肝移植模型;流式细胞技术检测CD8+CD28- T抑制细胞含量变化;利用补体细胞毒和免疫磁珠方法分离CD8+CD28- T细胞,通过体外混合淋巴细胞反应验证其抑制功能.结果我们成功建立了BN(供体)LEW(受体)原位肝移植自发免疫耐受模型,并发现自发免疫耐受模型大鼠脾脏CD8+CD28- T细胞含量(23.7%±7.2%)显著高于正常大鼠(5.4%±1.5%)和急性排斥组大鼠(6.0%±1.3%),而且,分离纯化后的自发免疫耐受组大鼠脾脏CD8+CD28- T细胞可以抑制混合淋巴细胞反应的增殖,但急性排斥组大鼠脾脏CD8+CD28- T细胞无抑制功能.结论 BN(供体)LEW(受体)原位肝移植模型为自发免疫耐受;脾脏CD8+CD28- T细胞作为一种T抑制细胞,在自发免疫耐受的形成过程中具有重要作用.     

Role of CD4+ T cells in the rat to mouse cardiac xenotransplantation

Abstract T cell subsets involved in rejection of xenografts were analyzed using a rat to mouse cardiac xenotransplant model. Proliferating response and interleulin-2 (IL-2) production in recipients' spleen cells were almost completely abrogated by elimination of L3T4⁺ T cells, but not by elimination of Lyt2.1⁺ T cells. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activities were mediated by both L3T4⁺ and Lyt2.1⁺ T cells with the help of IL-2-producing L3T4⁺ T cells. Administration of anti-L3T4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) into recipient mice resulted in a significant prolongation of graft survival (mean graft survival was 29.2 days). Moreover, anti-L3T4 mAb treatment plus thymectomy led to indefinite graft survival. Anti-rat endothelial cell (EC) antibody production in the grafted mice was remarkably suppressed by anti-L3T4 mAb treatment. In contrast, Lyt2.1 mAb treatment did not prolong the graft survival and did not suppress anti-EC antibody production. These results indicated the absolute requirement of L3T4⁺ T cells in the rejection of rat to mouse cardiac xenografts.     

RNA干扰树突细胞主要组织相容性复合物1表达后诱导抑制性T细胞对小肠移植耐受的影响

目的探讨RNA干扰树突细胞（Dc）组织相容性复合物1（MHC-1）表达后获得的CD8＋CD28-抑制性T细胞（Ts）对小肠移植免疫耐受的的影响。方法通过siRNA干扰DC MHC—I表达后,诱导获得CD8^＋CD28^-Ts。建立由Wistar大鼠移植到SD大鼠的小肠移植模型36例,随机分为A组（转染实验组）、B组（未转染组,注射普通T细胞）和C组（移植对照组,注射生理盐水）。术后14d,每组各随机挑选6例,取移植大鼠小肠和血液标本行移植小肠组织病理学检查．并检测移植大鼠血清TGF-β、IFN-γ水平及回肠黏膜Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶活性,观察移植大鼠的存活时间。结果术后第14天,A组移植大鼠血清中TGF—β和IFN-γ表达水平高于B、C组（P〈0．05）。A组大鼠肠黏膜Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶活性为（6．3±1．0）kU／g,明显高于B组的（3．6±0．9）kU／g和C组的（2．9±1．3）kU／g（P〈0．05）。A组移植小肠病理Parks评分分级明显低于B组和C组（P〈0．05）。A、B和C组移植后大鼠中位生存时间分别为32．0、17．5和21．0d,A组存活时间明显优于B组和C组（P〈0．05）。结论将RNA干扰DCMHC—I表达所获得的CD8^＋CD28^-Ts过继小肠移植大鼠．可以减轻移植大鼠的损伤程度．抑制免疫排斥反应．     

调节性CD4~+CD25~+T细胞的分离纯化及免疫功能研究

目的 制备调节性CD~+ CD25~+T细胞(Treg)分析其免疫功能,诱导局部免疫耐受防治同种异体复合组织移植(CTA)排斥反应.方法 采用免疫磁珠法(MACS)从雄性大鼠脾脏细胞分离CD4~+CD25~+Treg(1×10~6),2%锥虫蓝染色检测活性、流式细胞术分析其纯度,在5 mg/L抗CD3的刺激下观察其反应性、增殖及其与200 U/ml细胞介素(IL)-2的关系.结果 从8只雄性大鼠脾脏分选出的CD4~+CD25~+Treg活性平均为(97.90±0.36)%及纯度为(96.05±0.41)%,CD3刺激呈低反应,按比例培养抑制率为89%,IL-2可使CD4~+CD25~-抑制逆转.结论 MACS能快速分选出较高纯度的CD4~+CD25~+Treg,并且活性良好在体外具有免疫无能及免疫抑制作用,能满足动物CTA排斥反应研究的需要.