C反应蛋白与糖尿病肾病相关性分析

目的:探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者C反应蛋白(CRP)及糖尿病与肾病的相关性及临床价值.方法:96例2型糖尿病患者根据测定尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)分为正常白蛋白尿组(A组)36例、微量白蛋白尿组(B组)32例、临床白蛋白尿组(C组)28例;另选我院体检健康者30例作为对照组(D组);全部对象均测定血清CRP,比较2型糖尿病各组与对照组CRP水平.结果:糖尿病各组血清CRP及血肌酐均较对照组明显升高,且随UAER的增高而升高(P＜0.05).结论:CRP增高为糖尿病肾病的危险因素之一,且随着病程的进展而增高.     

2型糖尿病肾病患者尿白蛋白/肌酐、血尿酸及C反应蛋白的变化及意义

目的 探讨2型糖尿病肾病患者尿白蛋白/肌酐比值、血尿酸及血清C反应蛋白(CRP)水平的变化及意义.方法 对本院已确诊的120例2型糖尿病患者同时检测尿白蛋白/肌酐比值、血尿酸及血清C反应蛋白(CRP),并同时收集24h尿液进行尿微量白蛋白(MA)测定,按尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)将糖尿病组分三组:B组为正常蛋白尿组(UAER<20μg/min);C组为微量蛋白尿组(UAER 20～200g/min);D组为临床蛋白尿组(UAER>200μg/min).另选我院体检健康者40例作为A组正常对照组.结果 在B组和C组及D组中血尿酸、血清CRP含量高于A组,与A组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),B组尿中mALB/Cr虽高于A组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而C组及D组尿中mALB/Cr高于A组差异有统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 尿中mALB/Cr水平在糖尿病肾功能早期损伤中变化较明显.血尿酸水平对于糖尿病肾病的发展很重要;CRP参与炎症过程与糖尿病肾病的致病,发展过程有关.     

转录因子-κB活性与2型糖尿病肾脏病变的关系

目的探讨2型糖尿病患者外周血单个核细胞中转录因子-κB(Nuclear factor kappa B, NF-κB)的活性与肾功能损害的关系.方法应用凝胶电泳迁移率实验(EMSA)测定了41例2型糖尿病患者(A组)和10例健康正常人(D组)外周血单个核细胞中NF-κB的活性,并根据有无肾脏病变将糖尿病患者分为糖尿病无肾病组(B组)和糖尿病肾病组(C组).结果与D组比较,A、B、C三组NF-κB活性显著增强(P均<0.05),其中C组活性最高,B、C两组间NF-κB活性也有差别(P<0.05).结论 2型糖尿病患者外周血单个核细胞中NF-κB活性显著增强,尤其是伴有肾脏病变的患者,NF-κB与糖尿病肾病的发生、发展有关.     

2型糖尿病肾病VEGF与VEGF-A的表达及治疗后的变化

目的:探讨血清中血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)及其亚型VEGF-A的水平与2型糖尿病肾病之间的关系,探讨依那普利对肾脏的保护作用是否与VEGF、VEGF-A血清水平相关.方法:选取104例2型糖尿病患者,按照尿白蛋白水平分为A正常白蛋白尿组(35例)、B微量白蛋白尿组(40例)、C大量白蛋白尿组(29例),另选健康人作为D健康对照组(30例),检测各组血清VEGF及VEGF-A水平;将B组随机分为两组各20例,B1组口服依那普利作为治疗组,B2组行常规治疗作为对照组,检测治疗3个月后两组VEGF及VEGF-A的水平.结果:2型糖尿病肾病各组患者中血清VEGF,特别是VEGF-A水平均较健康对照组明显升高,且C组>B组>A组;相关性分析:VEGF和VEGF-A与尿微量白蛋白、血肌酐呈正相关,与估算的肾小球滤过率呈负相关;依那普利治疗后患者血清VEGF和VEGF-A较治疗前明显下降.结论:血清VEGF、VEGF-A可及时反映2型糖尿病肾病疾病进展,其中VEGF-A的敏感性及特异性更高,推测VGEF-A可作为早期诊断及监测2型糖尿病肾病疗效的最重要指标之一.     

2型糖尿病合并脑梗死患者血清尿酸水平的研究

目的: 探讨2型糖尿病合并脑梗死患者血清尿酸水平变化及临床意义.方法: 采取全自动生化仪测定单纯2型糖尿病组(A组)、脑梗死非糖尿病组(B组)、2型糖尿病合并脑梗死组(C组)各60例及健康对照组(D组)60名的空腹血清尿酸水平,并测定各组空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白和血脂水平.分析比较各组血清尿酸水平.结果: C组血清尿酸水平显著高于其他3组(P< 0.01);A组、B组的血清尿酸水平亦均明显高于D组(P< 0.01).结论: 高水平的血清尿酸可能是2型糖尿病合并脑梗死的独立危险因素.     

血清胱抑素检测对糖尿病早期肾功能损害的诊断意义

目的探讨血清半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂C(Cys C)检测对糖尿病早期肾功能损害的诊断意义。方法将76例1型或2型糖尿病患者按尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)分为3组(B、C、D组),20例无糖尿病的正常人为A组。其中,B组为正常蛋白尿患者31例(UAER20μg/min),C组为微量蛋白尿患者28例(UAER 20～200μg/min),D组为大量蛋白尿患者17例(UAER200μg/min)。同时测定各组血肌酐(Scr)及Cys C,并计算肌酐清除率(CCr)。结果 2型糖尿病各组血清Cys C水平与对照组相比明显升高,而且其水平随蛋白排泄率的升高而升高(P0.05),而Scr在B组、C组间的差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 Cys C与糖尿病肾病的病情呈正相关,Cys C可作为2型糖尿病肾病患者早期监测的新指标。     

糖尿病肾病患者胆红素与尿微量清蛋白的相关性及临床意义

目的 探讨血清胆红素在诊治糖尿病肾病(DN)中的临床价值及其与尿微量清蛋白水平相关性.方法 根据尿微量清蛋白排泄(UAER)将92例2型糖尿病患者分为单纯糖尿病(A)组﹑早期糖尿病肾病(B)组和临床糖尿病肾病(C)组,另选40例健康体检者作为对照(D)组,分别测定各组血清总胆红素﹑间接胆红素和直接胆红素的水平.结果 4组之间血清总胆红素、间接胆红素水平有明显的差异(P<0.05),且血清总胆红素和间接胆红素水平与尿微量清蛋白呈负相关(r=-0.36,P<0.05;r=-0.67,P<0.05).结论 DN患者血清胆红素水平降低,与尿微量清蛋白呈负相关,胆红素与糖尿病肾病密切相关.     

血清转化生长因子-β_1和层黏连蛋白在2型糖尿病肾病早期诊断中的应用价值

目的 探讨血清转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)和层黏连蛋白(LN)在2型糖尿病肾病(DN)早期诊断中的应用价值.方法 选择78例2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者,其中正常清蛋白尿35例(A组),微量清蛋白尿28例(B组),大量清蛋白尿15例(C组).另选择同期在我院进行体检的健康者30例为对照组(D组).采用放射免疫分析法测定4组受检者血清TGF-β1和LN水平.结果 各组糖尿病患者(A、B、C组)血清TGF-β1水平显著高于D组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);但糖尿病患者各组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).血清LN水平比较:各组糖尿病患者血清LN水平均显著高于D组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);C组血清LN水平显著高于A组和B组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),但B组与A组比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).T2DM患者血清TGF-β1水平与血尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Cr)、24 h尿清蛋白排泄率(UAER)、空腹血糖(FBG)呈正相关性(r值分别为0.286、0.305、0.468和0.888,P均＜0.05);血清LN水平与血BUN、血Cr、UAER呈相关性(r值分别为0.297、0.284和0.385,P均＜0.05).结论 联合检测血清TGF-β1、LN、UAER能为早期诊断DN提供依据,并可用于预后判断.     

血清胱抑素C检测在不同程度2型糖尿病肾病患者中的应用价值

目的 评价血清胱抑索C检测在不同程度2型糖尿病肾病患者中的应用价值,并观察厄贝沙坦对其的影响.方法 选择170例2型糖尿病患者,并以36例健康人做为对照,分别测定血清胱抑素C(Cys C)、血肌酐(Cr)、尿素氮(BUN)水平.将170例2型糖尿病患者根据血肌酐水平细化分为A、B两组,然后分别给予厄贝沙坦150mg/d服用,8周后重复测量上述指标.结果 2型糖尿病肾病患者中血清Cys C和血肌酐(Cr)、尿素氮(BUN)较正常对照组明显升高(P<0.01).经厄贝沙坦治疗后,在A组中血清CysC和血肌酐(Cr)、尿素氮(BUN)均明显下降(P<0.01,P<0.05),B组中血清Cys C水平下降(P<0.05),血肌酐(Cr)、尿素氮(BUN)无明显变化.结论 血清Cys C可以作为2型糖尿病肾病肾功能损害早期的诊断指标之一,厄贝沙坦可以降低血清Cys C水平,延缓肾功能损害.     

血清胱抑素C与2型糖尿病视网膜病变及周围血管病变的相关性分析

目的 探讨血清胱抑素C与2型糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)及周围血管病变(PAD)的关系.方法 选取2012年1月至2014年1月我院内分泌科收治的2型糖尿病患者180例,行眼底检查、行下肢动脉彩色多普勒超声检查以及触诊足背动脉、测定踝肱指数(ABI).根据上述检查结果将研究者分为四组:2型糖尿病无并发症组(A组,57例),2型糖尿病伴视网膜病变组(B组,43例),2型糖尿病伴周围血管病变组(C组,41例)以及2型糖尿病伴视网膜病变和周围血管病变组(D组,39例),测定并比较四组血清胱抑素C水平,采用Logistic多元回归分析患者年龄、病程、血清胱抑素C以及各生化指标与2型糖尿病并发视网膜病变或(和)周围血管病变之间的相关性.结果 B组、C组以及D组患者血清胱抑素C水平均明显高于A组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01).而且D组患者血清胱抑素C水平明显高B组和C组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01).Logistic多元回归分析结果显示,血清胱抑素C水平以及病程长短是2型糖尿病伴视网膜病变和周围血管病变的独立危险因素(P<0.05).结论 血清高胱抑素C水平为糖尿病视网膜病变和外周血管病变的独立危险因素,检测血清胱抑素C对评估糖尿病慢性并发症的发生、发展有重要的临床意义.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.