弧形带蒂阴茎皮肤联合皮瓣Ⅰ期治疗重度尿道下裂

目的：报道弧形带蒂包皮内板阴茎背侧皮肤联合皮瓣治疗阴囊型及会阴型尿道下裂。方法：22例阴囊型及会阴型尿道下裂患者，均采用弧形带蒂包皮内板阴茎背侧皮肤联合皮瓣(Ducrett Perovic’s)制成皮管I期成形尿道。术中常规耻骨上膀胱穿刺造瘘引流尿液，经尿道置F10-12多侧孔硅胶管支架引流尿道分泌物，术后应用头孢曲松钠抗感染治疗1周，保留尿道支架管6～8d，膀胱造瘘管10～12d。结果：18例I期成功，4例发生尿瘘，均于6个月后修补瘘管痊愈。均排尿正常，无痛性勃起，阴茎无扭转，腹侧无臃肿。结论：此法治疗包皮阴茎皮肤充裕之重度尿道下裂效果确切，外观满意，是一种较好的手术方式．     

梯形额肌瓣转移治疗上睑下垂

目的 提高上睑下垂的治疗效果，防止复发。方法 弧形切断额肌形成梯形额肌，经修剪成上窄下宽的梯形额肌瓣，经上睑眼轮匝肌下转移，使梯形额肌瓣下缘与睑板广泛接触并缝合。结果 16例24只眼，术后上睑下垂矫正满意，睑缘外形匀称，上睑闭合良好，无复发和并发症。结论 梯形额肌瓣转移，与睑板缝合牢固，有利于额肌瓣收缩上提眼睑，尤适用于中重度上睑下垂的治疗。     

颞肌筋膜瓣与全厚皮片移植修复下睑凹陷性畸形

目的 探讨颞筋膜瓣或颞肌筋膜瓣与自体全厚皮片移植，在下睑凹陷性瘢痕畸形修复中的应用效果。方法 设计以颞浅动脉为蒂的颞筋膜瓣，对伴眶下壁骨缺损者同时行以颞浅、深动脉为蒂的颞肌筋膜瓣，并取耳后全厚皮片移植联合矫正下睑凹陷性畸形。结果 8例患者，术后组织瓣及皮片成活良好，凹陷处填充效果满意。随访6个月至1年，睑外翻矫正，瘢痕不显，颞部供区毛发生长良好。结论 应用颞筋膜瓣或颞肌筋膜瓣与全厚皮片移植，联合矫正下睑凹陷性畸形的方法，具有操作简便。且无明显的供区损害的特点，是修复下睑凹陷性瘢痕畸形较理想的方法。     

颞肌筋膜瓣与全厚皮片移植修复下睑凹陷性畸形

目的探讨颞筋膜瓣或颞肌筋膜瓣与自体全厚皮片移植,在下睑凹陷性瘢痕畸形修复中的应用效果。方法设计以颞浅动脉为蒂的颞筋膜瓣,对伴眶下壁骨缺损者同时行以颞浅、深动脉为蒂的颞肌筋膜瓣,并取耳后全厚皮片移植联合矫正下睑凹陷性畸形。结果8例患者,术后组织瓣及皮片成活良好,凹陷处填充效果满意。随访6个月至1年,睑外翻矫正,瘢痕不显,颞部供区毛发生长良好。结论应用颞筋膜瓣或颞肌筋膜瓣与全厚皮片移植,联合矫正下睑凹陷性畸形的方法,具有操作简便,且无明显的供区损害的特点,是修复下睑凹陷性瘢痕畸形较理想的方法。     

The "Swiss-Roll" flap: a modified C-V flap for nipple reconstruction

Nipple reconstruction is an integral step in breast reconstruction. There are a variety of local-flap based techniques however one of the most commonly used is the C-V flap. The traditional flap forms a nipple shell composed of dermis and epidermis containing a core of subcutaneous fat. The shortcomings of this technique are that it relies on subcutaneous fat for nipple bulk and with time loses a significant part of its volume. We present a modification of the C-V flap designed for use in breasts with little subcutaneous fat in order to minimise post-operative nipple projection loss.     

Temporal fascial flap: a versatile free flap for coverage of complex skin defects

The use of temporal fascial flap (TFF) as a microsurgical option permits the covering of skin defects which expose bones, nerves and vessels; it also provides a gliding surface which facilitates tendon excursion. Other advantages of the TFF are a reasonably constant surgical anatomy, minimal donor-site morbidity, and a thin and pliable surface which results in good cosmetic contour. In this paper we present our experience using TFF to cover wounds with significant exposed surfaces in different body areas (hands, feet, popliteal fossa); an average of 7 years follow-up is presented. Eleven patients with various wounds are presented: 91% had a successful surgery, and the TFF was able to solve the primary problem. On follow-up it was seen that the surgical aim had been reached, with excellent skin quality in terms of pliability, range of motion and protection from secondary ulceration. All patients were satisfied with the final result, and were able to return to their normal lifestyle. Scars secondary to flap harvesting were of good quality and were able to be hidden by the hair. No significant areas of alopecia were noticed.     

The occipito-parietal flap method in the treatment of male baldness

Which hair transplant technique to use for correcting male baldness is decided on by the type of baldness, the condition and direction of the donor's hair, and the favored hairstyle. In the occipital-parietal flap technique presented here, a flap is raised on one side of the occipital part. The flap is 4 cm wide and stretches toward the lower part of the parietal. After a week's delay, the flap is transplanted from the top of the head to the frontal part under general anesthesia. Light pressure is applied to the transferred flap with a tie-over dressing. With this technique the hair grows downward and covers both the front and top parts of the head. It is important to choose a case for which this type of procedure is appropriate. The authors' technique can be applied to types IV, V and Va of Norwood's classification.     

改良箭式皮瓣乳头再造术的临床疗效观察

目的探讨改良箭式皮瓣乳头再造术的临床疗效。方法收集2018年1月至2019年10月在南京市中医院甲乳外科住院接受改良箭式皮瓣乳头再造的患者10例,对再造乳头回缩率、患者满意度及局部皮瓣并发症发生率进行评价。结果10例患者手术时间为(15.10±1.52)min,范围为13~18 min。所有患者随访时间为(14.60±1.07)个月,范围为3~24个月。乳头高度回缩率为(28.53±3.02)%,范围为23.5%~33.2%。乳头直径回缩率为(8.92±1.05)%,范围为7.1%~10.5%。患者满意度为(97.90±1.60)%,范围为96%~100%。10例患者均未出现切口愈合不良、切口裂开、皮瓣坏死等并发症。结论改良箭头式皮瓣设计简便,操作简单,疗效满意,术后并发症发生率低。     

尿道板瓣与包皮瓣联合修复先天性尿道下裂

目的:探讨尿道板瓣在尿道成形中的价值;提高先天性尿道下裂的一次手术成功率.方法:将残余尿道粘膜及粘膜下组织一起形成尿道板瓣,与一侧包皮岛状瓣结合形成缺损段尿道,转移另一侧包皮瓣完成阴茎腹侧创面覆盖,尿道板瓣最大面积为2.0cm×0.5cm.治疗先天性阴茎型尿道下裂患者34例.结果:本组患者除3例患者术后出现尿道外口包皮瓣部分坏死,尿道外口狭窄,二次手术切开外,余者均Ⅰ期愈合,随访1～3年,无再造尿道狭窄及尿瘘等并发症出现.结论:先天性尿道下裂患者残余尿道粘膜及粘膜下组织可以形成具有良好血供的尿道板瓣,有效地解决了一侧包皮瓣再造尿道组织量不足的问题,提高了一次手术成功率.     

Randomized comparison of Limberg flap versus modified primary closure for the treatment of pilonidal disease

Background

The best surgical technique for sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease is still controversial. The aim of this randomized prospective trial was to compare both the results of Limberg flap procedure and primary closure.

Methods

A total of 260 patients with sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease were assigned randomly to undergo Limberg flap procedure or tension-free primary closure.

Results

Success of surgery was achieved in 84.62% of Limberg flap patients versus 77.69% of primary closure (P = .0793). Surgical time for primary closure was shorter. Wound infection was more frequent in the primary closure group (P = .0254), which experienced less postoperative pain (P < .0001). No significant difference was found in time off from work (P = .672) and wound dehiscence. Recurrence was observed in 3.84% versus 0% in the primary closure versus Limberg flap group (P = .153).

Conclusions

Our results do not show a clear benefit for surgical management by Limberg flap or primary closure. Limberg flap showed less convalescence and wound infection; our technique of tension-free primary closure was a day case procedure, less painful, and shorter than Limberg flap.     

一期开窗的肩胛旁游离皮瓣移植

目的颜面部严重烧伤后,瘢痕组织挛缩导致颜面部组织器官严重移位,在儿童还阻碍面部组织的生长发育,应用带丰富血运的游离皮瓣修复是最佳选择.方法应用肩胛旁游离皮瓣一期开窗形成眼裂、口裂、外耳门和鼻孔,已为5～17岁颜面部严重烧伤的患者6例完成治疗.结果肩胛旁游离皮瓣最大面积为17cm×17cm,即时开窗形成眼裂、口裂及鼻外形,全部成功.结论肩胛背部由于旋肩胛动脉皮支、胸背动脉肌皮穿支、颈横动脉浅皮支等相互吻合,构成丰富的血供,一期开窗不影响移植皮瓣的血运,适用于修复颜面部瘢痕挛缩.     

颞顶筋膜岛状瓣植入耳后乳突区预制扩张筋膜皮瓣修复面部皮肤软组织缺损

目的探讨一种较好的修复面部皮肤软组织缺损的手术方法。方法手术分两期进行。一期手术时,以颞浅动静脉为蒂,掀起颞顶浅筋膜岛状瓣,沿同侧发际线切开,在耳后乳突区皮下剥离,形成适当大小的囊腔,将颞顶筋膜瓣转移至囊腔内,适当固定,于筋膜瓣下放置皮肤扩张器;扩张完毕后,取出扩张器,以颞浅动静脉为蒂,掀起耳后乳突区预制岛状筋膜皮瓣,用于面部皮肤缺损的修复。结果自1999年以来,临床应用9例,其中面部黑痣2例,面部血管瘤2例,面部瘢痕5例。颞顶筋膜岛状皮瓣蒂长5.5~7cm,平均6.2cm,筋膜瓣面积4cm×3cm~7cm×7cm,平均5.7cm×4.9cm,预制筋膜皮瓣面积为5cm×5cm~8.0cm×7.5cm,平均6.4cm×6.1cm;术后皮瓣全部成活,供瓣区直接拉拢缝合者5例,另行皮片移植修复者4例。结论颞顶筋膜皮瓣血管蒂长,转移方便,血运丰富,耳后乳突区皮肤在质地、色泽、厚度等方面均与面部皮肤最为接近,是一种良好的修复面部皮肤软组织缺损的方法。     

Donor area morbidity after flaps: clinical applications of the superficial temporal fascial flap

Ten cases of the superficial temporal fascial flap (STFF) are presented. The indications for the STFF were ear reconstruction, maxillofacial injuries and malformations, and a chronic ulcer above the Achilles tendon. Nine pedicled and one free STFF were used. The flap size was up to a maximum of 12 cm in length and 8 cm in width. There was little aesthetic and no functional impairment at the donor site. There is no doubt that too little attention has been paid to the STFF in the past. 15 February 1998 / Accepted: 27 November 1998     

皮下组织蒂的改良菱形皮瓣在面部皮肤缺损修复中的应用

目的介绍一种皮下组织蒂的改良菱形皮瓣及其在面部皮肤缺损中的应用和效果。方法于面部各种缺损的附近设计以皮下组织为蒂的改良菱形皮瓣,即在改良菱形皮瓣的尾部作“V”形切口,小范围剥离后行皮瓣无张力转移。皮瓣面积为1.5 cm×2.0 cm~4.0 cm×4.5 cm。结果本组16例患者,切口均Ⅰ期愈合,皮瓣全部成活。随访12例患者1.5个月至1.5年,面部形态满意,术区平整,无“猫耳朵”形成,切口瘢痕不明显。结论应用皮下组织蒂的改良菱形皮瓣修复面部皮肤缺损,方法简便易行,术后效果较好。     

应用改良旋转易位皮瓣矫正不同程度内眦赘皮

目的：探索简单而有效的内眦赘皮矫治方法。方法：在内眦赘皮前后两层皮肤上分别设计皮瓣,充分松解赘皮与眼轮匝肌内眦部的粘连,使皮瓣自然旋转易位,充分显露内眦角,并对术后效果进行评价。结果：从2010年3月～2013年3月,应用该方法矫正不同程度内眦赘皮42例（84只眼）。38例于术后1～36个月获得随访（其中2例于术后1月时出现局部瘢痕增生现象,于术后3～6个月瘢痕平复）,内眦赘皮矫正效充分,术后瘢痕不明显。结论：本方法可对不同程度的内眦赘皮进行充分矫治,具有简便安全的特点。     

改良指尖舌形皮瓣重建侧甲襞联合矩形皮瓣重建指蹼治疗先天性并指畸形

目的探讨应用指尖舌形皮瓣重建侧甲襞联合矩形皮瓣重建指蹼治疗先天性并指畸形的疗效。方法先天性并指畸形患者30例采用指尖舌形皮瓣重建侧甲襞联合矩形形皮瓣重建指蹼,并指之间掌、背侧设计锯齿形切口,切取皮瓣并进行分指矫形术,手指侧方剩余创面行全厚皮片植皮修复。术后预防感染,拆线后指导患者进行功能锻炼。结果 30例患者植皮后有26例完全存活,4例大部分存活,指尖部的舌状瓣及指蹼部位的矩形瓣均存活,手指的功能较术前明显改善,根据Swanson手功能的评定标准。优:25例,良:4例,差:1例。结论应用改良指尖舌形皮瓣重建侧甲襞联合矩形皮瓣重建指蹼治疗先天性并指畸形具有良好的临床效果。     

应用眼轮匝肌蒂颞部岛状皮瓣矫正睑外翻

目的探讨应用眼轮匝肌蒂颞部岛状皮瓣修复睑外翻的方法及效果。方法设计以眼轮匝肌为蒂的颞区皮瓣,将皮瓣旋转180°移位至眼睑部瘢痕松解后的创面,修复瘢痕性睑外翻。结果术后12例患者,皮瓣完全成活,随访6个月,睑外翻无复发,供区瘢痕不明显。结论眼轮匝肌蒂颞部岛状皮瓣血供可靠,修复睑外翻可取得功能与外观双重修复的满意结果。     

改良旋转皮瓣的临床应用

目的介绍一种改良旋转皮瓣在修复皮肤软组织缺损中的应用和效果。方法自2004年10月至2006年5月,在23例患者的头面或四肢部皮肤缺损的附近,设计改良旋转皮瓣,即在逆切切口的对应处再做一“Z”字切口,周边剥离后行皮瓣旋转修复缺损,供区行“Z”字交叉缝合。结果23例患者的手术切口均Ⅰ期愈合,皮瓣全部成活。随访其中的16例患者3～19个月,术区平整,切口瘢痕不明显,功能无影响,美容效果满意。结论应用改良旋转皮瓣修复面积为1.8cm×2.0cm～5.0cm×6.0cm、近似圆形的皮肤软组织缺损,手术方法简便易行,术后效果较好。     

应用改进的额部扩张皮瓣行全鼻再造术

目的 探讨应用改进设计的额部扩张皮瓣行全鼻再造术的效果。方法 将前额主要供血支部分结扎阻断，保留选用的轴型血管蒂，强化皮瓣扩张的延迟效应，除设计以额正中皮瓣做全鼻再造外，还选用额上区横向扩张皮瓣，其供区缺损施以同侧或对侧扩张皮瓣推进修复，直接缝合。共已应用11例。结果 11块额部扩张皮瓣转移后完全存活，随访6个月～8年4个月，再造鼻功能形态恢复满意，供区瘢痕不明显。结论 强化额部扩张皮瓣血供或选用额上区横向皮瓣都是鼻再造的有效方法。     

改良旋转皮瓣的临床应用

目的 介绍一种改良旋转皮瓣在修复皮肤软组织缺损中的应用和效果.方法 自2004年10月至2006年5月,在23例患者的头面或四肢部皮肤缺损的附近,设计改良旋转皮瓣,即在逆切切口的对应处再做一"Z"字切口,周边剥离后行皮瓣旋转修复缺损,供区行"Z"字交叉缝合.结果 23例患者的手术切口均Ⅰ期愈合,皮瓣全部成活.随访其中的16例患者3～19个月,术区平整,切口瘢痕不明显,功能无影响,美容效果满意.结论 应用改良旋转皮瓣修复面积为1.8 cm×2.0 cm～5.0 cm×6.0 cm、近似圆形的皮肤软组织缺损,手术方法简便易行,术后效果较好.