AN ANATOMICAL STUDY OF CALCAR FEMORALE AND ITS CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

Calcar femorale, the integral part of upper femur, is studied with femur bonespecimens from human, monkey and bovine species and in conjunction with roentgenographyand scanning tomography of the human upper femur. The calcar femorale can be classfiedmorphologically into three types. On the average, the calcar femorale extends proximallyfrom 1.46±0.52 cm above the lesser trochanter to distally 0.42±0.60 cm below the distalmargin of the lesser trochanter. In 80% of the femurs, the widest and thickest part ofthe calcar is near the proximal margin of the lesser trochanter. The values of 5parameters of human calcar are provided. The development of calcar femorale amongChinese is fully accomplished at the age of 7-11. Bovine and monkey also has calcar butthe direction of its transverse axis is statistically different from that of the humans.     

EXPRESSION AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF HIF-1α AND VEGF IN OVARIAN CANCER

目的:探讨卵巢癌缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1 α)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的表达及临床意义.方法:采用免疫组织化学S-P法检测不同卵巢组织HIF-1 α和VEGF的表达情况.结果:交界性卵巢肿瘤和卵巢癌HIF-1 α、VEGF的表达明显高于正常卵巢和良性卵巢肿瘤,差异有统计学意义(P ＜0.01,P＜0.05).卵巢癌HIF-1 α表达与肿瘤病理分级有关(P＜0.01),卵巢癌HIF-1 α表达与VEGF表达呈明显正相关(rs=0.439,P ＜0.01).HIF-1 α和VEGF表达共同阳性卵巢癌患者的3年存活率明显低于二者均阴性表达患者(P＜0.01).结论:HIF-1 α可通过调节VEGF促进卵巢癌新生血管形成,促使卵巢癌的生长及转移,导致患者预后不良.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF EXTENSIVE LYMPHADENECTOMY IN GASTRIC CANCER

1　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＧａｓｔｒｉｃｃａｎｃｅｒｉｓｔｈｅｌｅａｄｉｎｇｃａｕｓｅｏｆｃａｎｃｅｒ -ｒｅ ｌａｔｅｄｄｅａｔｈｉｎＣｈｉｎａ ,ｆｏｒｗｈｉｃｈｓｕｒｇｉｃａｌｒｅｓｅｃｔｉｏｎｉｓｔｈｅｏｎｌｙｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌｌｙｃｕｒａｂｌｅｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ.Ｔｈｅｐｒｏｇｎｏｓｉｓｏｆｇａｓｔｒｉｃｃａｎｃｅｒｄｅｐｅｎｄｓｔｏａｌａｒｇｅｅｘｔｅｎｔｏｎｂｏｔｈｄｅｐｔｈｏｆｔｕｍｏｒｐｅｎｅｔｒａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｍｅｔａｓｔａｓｉｓｔｏｌｙｍｐｈｎｏｄｅｓ .Ｉｒｒｅｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅ…     

DETERMINATION OF POLYAMINES IN SKIN LESIONS AND URINE OF PSORIATIC PATIENTS AND ITS CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

From April, 1991 to Marth, 1992, according to the inclusion criteria, skin lesion biopsy specimens from 23 cases and morning urine from 60 caese of psoriasts in out-patient department of dermatology were collerted. Determination of polyamine levels in skin and urine specimens was carried out through high pressure liquid chromatography and ultraviolet spectrophotometry. Meanwhile, clinical manifestations were recorded in desinged form. Finally, all the variables were applied to a computor for the analysis of variance and linear correlation with a computer.     

RADIOIMMUNOASSAY OF URINARY TXB2 AND 6-KETO-PGF_(1α) AND ITS CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

This article describes a procedure of radioimmunoassay (RIA), which used the acetone deprotein method for pretreatment of urinary samples and for measuring TXB2, 6-keto-PGF_(1α) in urine. It presents the results obtained in 103 normal controls and in various diseases. We find that the controls' values of both U-TXB2 and U-6-keto-PGF_(1α) are normal in distribution. In nephritic group, both of them are not significantly different from controls. In nephrotic group, U-6-keto-PGF_(1α) is increased and U-TXB2 is decreased. In uremic group, both U-TXB2 and U-6-keto-PGF_(1α) are decreased. In primary hypertension group, U-TXB2 is increased and U-6-keto-PGF_(1α) is decreased. In hepatorenal syndrome group, U-TXB2 is very markedly increased. Their clinical significance was discussed.     

β-TURN NEW CLASSIFICATION AND ITS SOME FEATURES IN PROTEINS

An inspection of the ψ-ψ angle distribution strongly suggests that protein folding is highly constraifled.A number of researchers have even suggested that a relatively small set of discrete ψ-ψ rcgions might be sufticient to describe rnosr protein conformation. The total of 541 tight turns from 101 non-identical proteins were extracted form Brookhaven DataBank. The dihedral values ot tight turns were scattered into tho seven regions on the Ramaehandran plot. These seven regions were callod A1, A2, B1, B2, B22, T1 and T2, A1 and A2 are the traditional s-helix regions, B1, B2 and B22 the β-strand regions, T1 and T2 the β-turn regions. The A2 and T2 regions were not defined as “discrete“ or single points but rather as one dimensional extended states. Based on the geometry of the two central residues of the tight turns, the new classification of β-turn was defined. This classification of the majority of β-turns fell into only six of the possible forty nine region combinations and were identifiable with the traditional nornenelature of Venkatachalam(1), but much simpler. The function of β-turn in the conformation of proteins was studied. The hydrophohlcity for different type turns was discussed. It shows that β-turns have very strong hydrophilic property, so they are usually sittmted at the folding protein surface. The features of β-turn and its amino acid distribution in this 541 β-turn group and different type β-turn were given.     

ESTIMATION OF URINARY THROMBOXANE B2 IN PATIENTS WITH HEPATORENAL SYNDROME AND ITS CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

Urinary thromboxane B2 was measured in 103 normal controls, 25 ascitic cirrhotics and 25 ascitic cirrhotics with hepatorenal syndrome. The results of dosage were respecticely 564±156, 677±429 and 1683±691 (pg/min) with the hepatorenal syndrome group presenting a mean significantly higher than that of other 2 groups (P<0.001).     

EXPRFSSION AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF TOPO Ⅱ IN COLORECTAL CARCINOMA

目的:探讨大肠癌组织多药耐药基因(MDR-1)产物DNA拓扑异构酶Ⅱ(TopoⅡ)的表达及与大肠癌临床病理特征的关系.方法:采用免疫组织化学法检测95例大肠癌组织TopoⅡ的表达.结果:95例大肠癌患者中,TopoⅡ阳性表达率为57.9％(55/95).大肠癌TopoⅡ的表达与性别、肿瘤大小、发病部位、分化程度、临床分期及有无淋巴结转移无关(P ＞0.05);与年龄有关,≥60岁者TopoⅡ的阳性表达率明显高于＜60岁者(P ＜0.01).结论:大肠癌中TopoⅡ的表达与年龄有关,检测大肠癌TopoⅡ的表达对选择化疗药物具有指导意义.     

THE PRODUCTION OF INTERLEUKIN-2 BY PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS OF HEPATITIS B PATIENTS AND ITS CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

The activity of IL-2 produced by activated PBMC in 25 hapatitis B patients including fulminant hepatitis (FH, 6 cases), acute hepatitis (AH, 4 cases), chronic active hepatitis (CAH, 6 cases) and chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH, 9 cases) as well as 11 normal controls was assayed by using splenoblasts as the responding cells. The results showed: (1) The IL-2 activity of all the 25 hepatitis patients were significantly lower than that of 11 normal controls and was lowest in FH patients (P<0.001); (2) The IL-2 activity was correlated with the SGPT activity dynamically in CPH patients (r=-0.4260, P<0.05); (3) The IL-2 activity of hepatitis B patients was related to the positive or negative state of anti-HBc-IgM (P<0. 05); (4) It was the function rather than the number of PBMC that paralleled the IL-2 activity (r<0.3, P>0.05).     

COMPUTERIZED DIGITAL DESCRIPTION AND CLASSIFICATION OF THE TONGUE AND ITS COATING

In recent years there were various scientif creports on the tongue pictures in physiological,biochemical,pathomorphological,bacteriological,immunological and microcirculatory respects.Inaddition,a large-sized atlas of tongue pictureswas published in China.The Chinese Associa-tion of Traditional and Western Medicine andthe Traditional Diagnosis Group of Chinese Anti-Cancer Association first tried to investigatethe tongue picture in 19654 cases by using colorplates.Although the check on color plates mayreduce the errors of observation,it still depends     

胃癌nm23,CD44v基因蛋白表达与临床病理特征关系的探讨

目的　探讨胃癌肿瘤转移抑制基因ｎｍ ２３ 和肿瘤转移基因ＣＤ４４ｖ 蛋白的表达及其临床病理特征的关系。方法　应用流式细胞光度术（ＦＣＭ ）对５０ 例胃癌组织进行了免疫荧光染色、测定荧光指数（ＦＩ）。结果　胃癌组织ｎｍ ２３、ＣＤ４４ｖ 表达量明显高于正常胃粘膜组织。当胃癌组织分化差、浸润加深、淋巴结转移时,ｎｍ ２３ 表达逐渐降低,而ＣＤ４４ｖ 则随着淋巴结的转移而增高。结论　ｎｍ ２３基因在胃癌的局部进展和组织分化中可发挥调控作用,并且ｎｍ ２３、ＣＤ４４ｖ 基因与肿瘤转移潜能有关。     

CD44V6在胃癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的：探讨ＣＤ４４Ｖ６与胃癌发生、发展及转移的关系。方法：采用ＳＰ免疫组化法检测１０６例胃癌及癌旁异型增生和癌旁正常胃粘膜上皮ＣＤ４４Ｖ６的表达。结果：胃癌ＣＤ４４Ｖ６阳性表达率为６３．２％,明显高于癌旁异型增生癌旁正常胃粘膜上皮的３２．４％和９．１％阳性表达率。胃癌侵及浆膜层组、有淋巴结转移组及临术ＴＮＭⅢ、Ⅳ期病人ＣＤ４４Ｖ６阳性表达率明显高于未侵及浆膜层组、无淋巴结转移组及临床ＴＮＭⅠ、Ⅱ期     

胃癌病人血清中IL-17的表达及其意义

目的了解胃癌病人外周血中白细胞介素17(IL-17)的表达水平及其与胃癌临床病理特征间的关系。方法收集50例胃癌病人和50例健康对照者的外周血,采用ELISA法检测外周血中IL-17的浓度。结果胃癌病人术前、术后外周血中IL-17的浓度分别为(8.51±2.68)和(7.31±2.57)ng/L,均明显高于健康对照者(F=77.47,q=16.81、12.92,P<0.01)。血清IL-17浓度与胃癌临床分期、分化程度、肿瘤部位及肿瘤大小无关(P>0.05)。结论胃癌病人血清中IL-17升高可能参与胃癌的发生、发展。     

大肠癌组织中survivin及VEGF的表达及其意义

目的：检测生存素（survivin）和血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）在大肠癌组织中的表达,探讨两者与大肠癌临床病理因素之间的关系及两者相互的联系。方法：应用免疫组织化学技术分别检测survivin和VEGF蛋白在60例大肠癌组织和30例癌旁组织中的表达情况,分析两者的表达与临床病理因素之间的关系及两者间相互的联系。结果：①survivin和VEGF在大肠癌组织中均呈强表达,在癌旁组织内弱表达或不表达（P〈0.01）;②大肠癌组织中survivin的表达与细胞分化程度、淋巴结转移相关（P〈0.01）,与肿瘤的浸润深度相关（P〈0.05）;③大肠癌组织中VEGF的表达与细胞分化程度、浸润深度及淋巴结转移相关（P〈0.01）;④大肠癌中survivin与VEGF的表达呈显著正相关（P〈0.01）。结论：①大肠癌中survivin与VEGF的过表达,可能在肿瘤的发展及转移过程中起着重要作用;②联合检测survivin和VEGF的表达情况,可以为临床上评估大肠癌的进展状态、治疗和预后提供重要的理论依据。     

MMP-2、u—PA在胃癌中的表达及意义

目的探讨基质金属蛋白酶-2（MMP-2）和尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物（u—PA）在人胃癌中的表达及意义。方法采用免疫组织化学S—P法检测60例胃癌和30例正常胃组织MMP-2和u—PA表达情况。结果MMP-2和u—PA在胃癌组织中阳性表达率分别为61．67％、75.00％；在正常胃组织中阳性表达率分别为13．33％、6.67％。MMP-2的表达与胃癌的浸润深度、淋巴结转移情况密切相关，而与胃癌分化程度无关；u—PA的表达与胃癌分化、浸润深度、淋巴结转移情况相关，且MMP-2、u—PA在胃癌组织中的表达具有相关性。结论MMP-2和u—PA在胃癌侵袭及转移过程中发挥重要作用，两者呈正相关，可作为判断胃癌预后的分子标志物。     

CD44s在乳腺癌中的表达及临床意义

目的 :探讨 CD44s在乳腺癌中的表达及其临床意义。方法 :应用免疫组织化学 S-P法检测 CD44s在 5例正常乳腺组织和 64例乳腺癌组织中的表达 ,分析其表达与乳腺癌临床病理因素的关系。结果 :1正常乳腺导管上皮细胞和腺泡上皮细胞 CD44s呈阴性表达 ,而在肌上皮细胞呈强阳性表达 ;2 CD44s表达与肿瘤大小、TNM分期有关 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,随着乳腺癌的发展 ,CD44s表达呈下降趋势 ,而与病人年龄、月经状态、有无淋巴结转移、组织学类型、组织学分级、雌激素受体 (ER)、孕激素受体 (PR)及预后无关。结论 :CD44s可能在乳腺癌的早期发展过程中起作用 ,但它的表达不能作为预后指标     

Furin和Fyn在宫颈癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的：探讨蛋白前体转化酶 Furin 和 Fyn 在宫颈癌组织中的表达及临床意义。方法常规方法提取41例宫颈癌和12例正常宫颈上皮的 RNA 及蛋白,RT － PCR 方法检测 Furin 和 Fyn mRNA 表达水平,Western Blot 检测二者蛋白表达水平。收集相关病理学资料进行统计学分析并研究二者蛋白表达与临床分期、病理分级和淋巴结转移等临床病理因素的关系。结果宫颈癌组织 Furin 和 Fyn 的 mRNA 表达及蛋白表达水平均明显高于正常宫颈组织,二者在宫颈癌组织中的蛋白阳性表达率分别为58．5％和65．9％,其表达均与临床分期、浸润深度及淋巴结转移有显著相关性（P ＜0．05）。 Furin 与 Fyn 的表达呈正相关（r＝0．438,P＜0．01）。 结论 Furin 和 Fyn 与宫颈癌的发生、发展有关,可作为宫颈癌诊断及临床监测的分子标志物。     

大肠癌病人血清胃泌素水平变化及其意义

采用放射免疫方法测定了３１例大肠癌、１３例非肿瘤者血清标本和２０例大肠癌组织、邻近肿瘤（〈３ｃｍ）及远离肿瘤（５ｃｍ）之结肠粘膜组织匀浆标本中的胃泌素浓度。发现：Ｄｕｋｅｓ Ｃ．Ｄ期大肠癌病人血清胃泌素显著高于非肿瘤者（Ｐ〈０．０５）；血清胃泌素浓度与病程进展呈显著正相关（Ｐ〈０．０５）；直肠癌病人血清胃泌素显著高于非肿瘤（Ｐ〈０．０５）；血清胃泌素水平与肿瘤分化程度无关；肿瘤切除后血清胃泌素显著     

经腹膈肌开窗治疗食管胃结合部肿瘤48例

目的探讨食管胃结合部肿瘤外科治疗的最佳手术径路。方法对我院2007年1月—2010年9月48例经腹膈肌开窗治疗食管胃结合部肿瘤进行总结分析。结果本组48例中,切缘无癌残留,切除淋巴结372枚,转移率为52.18%(194/372),其中腹腔淋巴结转移率为64.26%(31/48),胸腔淋巴结转移率为26.48%(13/48),未发生吻合口瘘、狭窄、肺部并发症,切口感染2例,腹腔淋巴瘘3例,左侧胸腔积液1例,无围手术期死亡。结论经腹膈肌开窗治疗食管胃结合部肿瘤是一种较理想的手术径路。     

乳腺癌激素水平和P53癌基因的表达及意义

目的　研究乳腺癌患者雌孕激素水平和Ｐ５３ 基因蛋白的表达及其临床意义。方法　应用放射免疫法对６８ 例乳腺癌和５０ 例乳腺良性病变分别测定其血清雌孕激素水平,免疫组化ＡＢＣ 法检测Ｐ５３ 基因蛋白在其病理切片上的表达。结果　雌激素水平乳腺癌组明显高于乳腺良性病变组（ Ｐ＜００１） ,而孕激素水平差异不大;Ｐ５３ 基因蛋白的阳性表达率乳腺癌组显著高于良性病变组（ Ｐ＜ ０００５） 。乳腺癌组雌激素水平腋淋巴结阳性者显著高于阴性者（ Ｐ＜ ０００５） ,Ｐ５３ 基因蛋白的阳性表达与乳腺癌组织学分级（ Ｐ＜ ０００５） 、临床分期显著正相关（ Ｐ＜ ００５） ;乳腺癌术后５ 年内复发或死亡者的雌激素水平明显高于无瘤生存者（ Ｐ＜ ００５） ,Ｐ５３ 基因蛋白阳性表达者术后５ 年无瘤生存率显著低于Ｐ５３ 表达阴性者（ Ｐ＜ ００１） 。结论　雌激素水平过高和Ｐ５３ 基因的阳性表达是乳腺癌患者表现不佳和预后不良的指标,雌激素水平和Ｐ５３ 基因蛋白表达的检测对乳腺癌患者的治疗和预后判断具有重要的指导意义