高血压与老年人的生活质量

目的 分析高血压对老年人生活质量的影响.方法 抽样调查北京城乡社区老年人1847例,并且进行血压测量及评估躯体健康、心理健康、认知能力、生活活动能力和生活满意度.结果 已患高血压的老年人生活质量显著低于血压正常者;随着高血压病程的延长,高血压相关疾病患病率增高,认知能力变差;高血压水平越高者,抑郁症状增加,生活活动能力进一步下降.结论 积极防治高血压,可提高全民人口素质,提高老年人的健康相关生活质量.     

北京城乡老年高血压患者生命质量现状

目的 了解北京城乡老年高血压患者生命质量现状.方法 对一个流行病学队列研究人群1826例老年 人进行血压测量,分为血压正常组(693例)和高血压组(1133例),进行躯体健康、认知功能、生活能力、心理健康 等相关生命质量的评估.结果 高血压组患者的生命质量低于血压正常组,在高血压组中,女性高血压患者的生命 质量较男性差,增龄增加了老年高血压患者的认知损害和躯体功能受损的风险,农村老年高血压患者的生命质量低 于城区.结论 加强对高血压和相关疾病的防治及慢性病恢复期的功能康复是提高高血压患者生命质量的基础.     

低血压与老年痴呆的危险-Kungsholmen纵向研究

老年人高血压治疗需考虑降压药对病人生活质量的影响。对生活质量负面影响会使老年人独立生活能力变差，治疗的顺从性降低。生活质量可分情绪、体力、工作、社交、认知功能、生活满意度等项目。通常以问卷评分方式了解。调查老年人时特别注意症状、认知功能、活动能力、性功能。这些情况因老龄化与疾病本身就有所下降。     

高血压与认知功能障碍的研究进展

<正>伴随着不断发展和加速的人口老龄化进程,高血压、认知功能障碍这两大问题成为了严重影响老年人生活质量及健康的问题。近年来,与高血压相关的老年脑功能的损害逐渐成为研究热点,即轻度认知功能损害到痴呆的序贯性变化[1-4]。认知功能障碍严重影响高血压患者的生活质量,同时也是家庭及社会的沉重负担。本文就高血压与老年人认知功能的关系、可能机制方面做一综述。1认知功能障碍的流行病学特点2009年全球对痴呆诊治的花费为4200亿美元,     

强化健康认知护理对高血压合并糖尿病患者生活质量的改善作用

目的探究强化健康认知护理对高血压合并糖尿病患者生活质量的改善效果。方法选取该院2018年1—12月收治的高血压合并糖尿病患者94例,采用摸球法分为研究组和常规组,各47例。研究组采用强化健康认知护理,常规组采用常规护理。护理2个月开展随访,观察健康认知程度评分、生活质量评分及空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、收缩压、舒张压变化。结果研究组健康认知程度评分、生活质量评分均高于常规组,对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白等血糖指标及收缩压、舒张压等血压指标均低于常规组,对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论强化健康认知护理在高血压合并糖尿病患者中具有显著效果,可改善患者认知及生活质量,有效控制血压、血糖,值得临床推广。     

社区综合护理改善80例壮族高血压患者生活质量的作用研究

目的观察综合护理干预对社区壮族高血压患者生活质量的影响。方法对80例壮族原发性高血压患者实施社区综合护理干预,干预前后均检测8：00、12：00、20：00三个时段的血压。比较干预前、后平均血压及生活质量的变化情况。结果综合护理干预后患者的健康感觉、躯体症状、睡眠状态、工作能力、性生活状况、认知功能、社会参与能力、生活满足感等生活质量评定指标较干预前显著改善（P〈0.01）;高血压患者的合理膳食、坚持锻炼、定期检测、遵医服药和心理平衡5项卫生行为较干预前显著改善（P〈0.01）;干预后高血压患者的平均收缩压和平均舒张压较干预前显著改善（P〈0.01）。结论社区综合护理对改善壮族原发性高血压患者的生活方式、提高其生活质量、降低其血压水平、提高其血压控制率等方面有积极的作用。     

社区老年高血压患者自我管理干预模式的研究现状

高血压是心血管疾病发生的重要危险因素,高血压患病率随人群年龄增加而增高,严重威胁着我国老年人的生活质量和生命健康。社区老年高血压患者的高血压管理效果与其自我管理能力密切相关,提高血压控制效果可降低其心血管疾病的发生风险。本文对社区老年高血压患者自我管理干预模式的应用展开综述,以期给高血压管理者制定干预措施提供依据。     

异常血压变异性对老年人高血压影响的研究进展

老年人神经-体液-心脑血管变化调节能力下降,异常血压波动易造成患有高血压老年人的靶器官损害.研究表明异常血压变异性(BPV)是脑卒中、认知功能障碍、心血管疾病、糖尿病、肾脏疾病等疾病的危险因素.BPV同时给老年人平稳降压带来一定困难,因此临床上也应监测老年人血压变异情况.本文主要对老年人BPV与相关临床疾病以及抗高血压...     

老年人休闲性体力活动相关城市建成环境的研究

<正>研究表明,体力活动与老年人慢性疾病、身体残疾预防呈现正相关,老年人定期进行体力活动会产生大量的健康收益,体力活动能够降低老年人认知衰老速度和患抑郁症的危险,同时,还能提高老年人独立生活的能力〔1〕。近年来,城市建成环境与老年人休闲性体力活动关系的研究逐渐成为国际公共健康领域研究的新热点。     

基于自我效能感的护理干预对老年人高血压患者血压水平及护理效果的改善分析

目的 探究老年人高血压患者采用基于自我效能感的护理干预的效果及对患者血压水平的影响。方法 2021年1月至2022年1月,随机从该院收治的老年人高血压患者中选择80例,随机分两组,各40例,对照组：常规护理,观察组：增加基于自我效能感的护理干预,比较护理情况。结果 护理前,自我管理能力评分对比（P>0.05）,护理后,自我管理能力评分观察组高于对照组（P<0.05）;护理后,血压水平观察组患者的低于对照组（P<0.05）;护理前,两组自我效能感评分、生活质量评分相比（P>0.05）,护理后,自我效能感评分、生活质量评分观察组高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 在老年人高血压患者护理中,采用基于自我效能感的护理干预,可以在降低血压水平的同时提高自我管理能力及自我效能感,对进一步提高生活质量有积极作用,值得推荐。     

Relationship between obesity, hypertension and diabetes, and health-related quality of life among the elderly.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to study the cumulative effects of cardiovascular risk factors on all the health-related quality of life dimensions among the elderly in this era of epidemic obesity and diabetes. DESIGN AND METHODS: The population-based study covered 3567 participants, representative of the Spanish non-institutionalized population aged 60 years and above. Data were gathered from home-based interviews and from the measurements of blood pressure and other anthropometric variables. Multiple linear regression was used to examine the relationships between health-related quality of life, on each scale of the SF-36 questionnaire, and obesity (waist circumference >102 cm in men and >88 cm in women), hypertension (blood pressure >/=140/90 mmHg), and known diabetes, after adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. RESULTS: Patients with obesity, hypertension, and diabetes, or a combination of these factors were, in general, associated with a worse health-related quality of life, on both the physical and the mental scales, than those without these factors, though statistical significance (P<0.05) was only attained for some relationships. Obesity in women (-2.9 to -6.7 points, according to the scale) and diabetes in men (-6.1 to -16.4 points, according to the scale) were the factors most closely and significantly associated with diminished health-related quality of life. Women who had all three factors showed the maximum decline in health-related quality of life (-10.2 to -17.7 points, according to the scale). CONCLUSIONS: Obesity in old women and diabetes in old men are the most decisive factors adversely affecting the health-related quality of life. The association with worse health-related quality of life is especially marked (greater than additive) in women with all three factors, thereby rendering them a group that calls for special study and attention.     

北京市社区老年高血压合并抑郁患者生活质量及相关因素分析

目的:评估北京市社区老年高血压合并抑郁患者的生活质量,并且探索其相关因素,为社区管理老年高血压合并抑郁患者提供理论依据。方法:纳入于北京市朝阳区大屯社区服务中心就诊的65岁以上高血压患者503例,采用面对面方式调查基线资料和老年抑郁量表(GDS),自我完成生活质量问卷(SF-36问卷)。以GDS评分将患者分为抑郁组和无抑郁组,对比分析两组生活质量,并且探索影响抑郁组生活质量的相关因素。结果:488例患者完成所有问卷,无抑郁384例(78.7%),合并抑郁104例(21.3%)。抑郁组在躯体健康维度(PCS)和心理健康维度(MCS)明显低于无抑郁组(P<0.05)。多因素分析显示年龄越大、有睡眠问题和血压分级高的患者躯体健康更差。抑郁程度更重的患者心理健康更差。结论:合并抑郁的老年高血压患者生活质量明显低于无抑郁患者。与PCS相关的因素有年龄、睡眠和高血压分级,与MCS相关的因素主要是抑郁评分,为社区尽早针对性的干预和管理,提高这类人群生活质量具有指导性建议。     

Life quality and daily life activities of elderly people in rural areas, Eski?ehir (Turkey)

Certain difficulties in daily life activities appear and quality of life (QoL) begins to deteriorate with old age. This study aimed at determining QoL and activities of daily living (ADL) of elderly people in rural areas of Eski?ehir, and at identifying applicable factors in this regard. Cross-sectional study managed to reach 1301 (81.3%) of elderly people. Face-to-face interviews and the WHOQOL-BREF QoL scale and questionnaire were applied to evaluate daily life activities, as well as instrumental activities all of which contained sociodemographic features. WHOQOL-BREF life quality scale comprised of four domains with grades between 0 and 20. Those who received help from others in the execution of these activities were labelled as "dependent", those who received partial aid during the execution of these activities were labelled as "partially dependent", and those who did not receive any help in their daily activities were labelled as "independent" individuals. Average age of 1301 people contacted was 71.52+/-5.18 (ranging 65-91 years); 675 of them were women (51.9%), 626 were men (48.1%). Three hundred and eighty-seven of these elderly people (29.7%) had no medically diagnosed illnesses, whereas 18 of them (1.4%) were bedridden. With older age, with the exception of social and environmental areas, life quality got even worse in women, widows, illiterates, bedridden and those with medically diagnosed diseases. As women were more dependent on issues such as housework, shopping, traveling, transporting and bathing, men were more dependent on areas such as meal preparation. No distinction between men and women were identified in areas such as dressing, toilet use, urine and bowel continence and eating. As a conclusion, in cases where medically diagnosed diseases were present, quality of life in women that were dependent somehow in daily activities was worse. It was concluded that medicosocial services for the elderly would be prioritized and studies on chronic diseases would be re-evaluated.     

苏州市老年人生活质量的评估

目的 了解苏州市老年人群生活质量现状及其影响因素。方法 采用MOS SF—36量表的中文版对苏州市167名离退休人员进行生活质量测量，并分别与美国常模(包括年龄为65—74岁组和大于74岁组)以及居住在美国波士顿的老年华人在生活质量的8个领域进行对比研究，比较其差别以及存在差别的可能解释。结果 苏州市老年人生活质量的8个方面中，生理功能和活力方面显著高于美国常模以及波士顿的老年华人；在情感职能方面显著高于波士顿的老年华人，显著低于美国常模(65—74岁组)；在总体健康和精神健康方面显著低于美国常模(65—74岁组)；而在生理职能、疼痛和社会功能方面均与美国常控(65—74岁组)以及波士顿的老年华人无明显差异。苏州市老年人的生活质量与年龄、家人对自己的关心和对自己所患疾病治疗效果的评价呈显著相关。结论 从影响生活质量的因素出发制订老年卫生保健政策，从中国老年人的总体健康和精神健康这两个薄弱方面着手，可促进其生活质量的提高。     

Quality of life in chronic diseases: perceptions of elderly patients

Quality of life is an important consideration in medical decisions involving elderly patients and a clinical outcome measure of health care. Elderly outpatients (N = 126) with five common chronic diseases (arthritis, ischemic heart disease, chronic pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus, and cancer) and their physicians were interviewed to better characterize patient quality of life. Patients generally perceived their quality of life to be slightly worse than "good, no major complaints" in each chronic disease. Physicians' ratings were generally worse than and only weakly associated with the patients' ratings of quality of life in each chronic disease. Significant independent correlates of patients' ratings of quality of life included the patients' perceptions of their health, interpersonal relationships, and finances. These results suggest that quality of life in elderly outpatients with chronic disease is a multidimensional construct involving health, as well as social and other factors. Physicians may misunderstand patients' perceptions of their quality of life.     

110例老年功能性胃肠病患者的生存质量评价

[目的]采用脾胃病PRO量表探讨老年功能性胃肠病患者的生存质量.[方法]采用横断面调查,前瞻性研究,对应用脾胃病PRO量表收集的110例合格老年功能性胃肠病患者、148例中青年功能性胃肠病患者和236例健康志愿者用ANOVA分析、t检验对脾胃病PRO量表各领域和总分进行了统计分析.[结果]老年患者组、中青年患者组、老年健康者组、中青年健康者组各组的ANOVA分析结果表明,生理、心理、社会环境、总体生存质量各领域间的差异均具有统计学意义（F=250.071、118.249、132.028、102.118,P=0.000、0.000、0.000、0.000）.在生理、心理、社会环境3个领域中,老年患者组的生存质量平均得分比老年健康者组的低（t=-15.064、-5.548、-5.657;P=0.000、0.000、0.000）,老年患者组的生存质量平均得分比中青年患者组的高（t=4.477、7.956、10.950;P=0.000、0.000、0.000）.总体生存质量,老年患者组的生存质量平均得分比老年健康者组的低（t=-8.945、P=0.000）,老年患者组的生存质量平均得分比中青年患者组的高（t=2.242、P=0.026）.在各领域中,老年患者各年龄段的生存质量平均得分差异无统计学意义.[结论]在生理、心理、社会环境3个领域以及总体生存质量评分,老年功能性胃肠病患者的生存质量明显下降,但比中青年患者的高.     

Assessing the impact of antihypertensive therapy on quality of life in the elderly

Quality of life is becoming increasingly important in assessing the impact of therapy for hypertension in elderly persons. Although the concept of quality of life is new and is in need of further definition, good measures already exist to examine the effects of therapy in the major domains of quality of life such as social, physical, emotional, and cognitive functioning. These measures and recent studies addressing this issue are discussed. Because hypertension is frequently asymptomatic and may involve several medications, successful treatment of hypertension in the elderly population requires consideration of its impact on quality of life.     

老年高血压患者生命质量研究进展

随着医学模式的转变,生命质量作为新的健康评价指标已被广泛应用。生命质量评价对于高血压防治、提高高血压患者的生命质量具有重要价值。现就高血压生命质量的研究进行综述。     

Psychological traits and quality of life of patients with hypertension and metabolic risk factors

Psychological status and quality of life were assessed in 75 patients with mild and moderate hypertension and metabolic disturbances. Patients with hypertension and metabolic risk factors compared with patients without these factors were characterized by higher frequency of neurotic disorders, worse quality of life and mood, lower activity. It is suggested that psychic disorders which are rather frequent in patients with hypertension affect negatively clinical course of underlying disease, complicate clinical picture of hypertension, and cause patient's denial of continuous antihypertensive therapy.     

穴位贴敷联合降压药物改善老年高血压病患者生活质量的临床观察

目的观察穴位贴敷联合降压药物改善高血压病患者生活质量的临床疗效。方法将61例老年病科住院患者随机分为两组。对照组采用常规剂量的左旋氨氯地平片进行治疗,治疗组采用常规降压药物联合穴位贴敷治疗。随访4周,随访结束时测定世界卫生组织生活质量量表(WHOQOL)以及杜氏高血压生活质量量表评分,评价高血压病患者的躯体功能、心理功能以及社会功能等方面,从而全面评估两组患者生活质量的改善情况。对治疗效果进行统计学处理。结果两组患者治疗后WHOQOL以及杜氏高血压生活质量量表评分改善水平较治疗前有统计学意义,且治疗组优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论穴位贴敷联合降压药物治疗高血压病有较好的疗效,同时也可以明显改善患者生活质量。