黄荆子不同溶剂提取物的抗炎镇痛作用

目的:观察黄荆子不同溶剂(氯仿、醋酸乙酯、水)提取部分的抗炎、镇痛作用。方法:采用二甲苯诱导小鼠耳郭肿胀和角叉菜胶诱导大鼠足肿胀建立炎症模型观察黄荆子不同溶剂提取物的抗炎作用;采用扭体法和热板法观察黄荆子不同溶剂提取物的镇痛作用。结果:氯仿提取部分(16,8 g.kg-1)对二甲苯诱导的小鼠耳肿胀抑制作用最为显著(P<0.01);氯仿提取部分(16 g.kg-1)能明显抑制角叉菜胶诱导的大鼠足肿胀(P<0.01)。对热和醋酸刺激引起的小鼠疼痛,水提物具有显著的镇痛作用(P<0.01),氯仿提取部分各剂量组镇痛作用不明显(P>0.05)。结论:黄荆子不同溶剂提取部位的抗炎镇痛作用有差异,氯仿提取物抗炎作用较强,水提取物的镇痛作用较强。     

七叶莲不同溶剂提取部分的抗炎镇痛作用

目的探讨七叶莲不同溶剂提取部分的抗炎镇痛作用。方法采用醋酸扭体法、小鼠耳二甲苯致炎法、肿胀法等方法评价七叶莲不同提取部分的抗炎镇痛效果,并明确其抗炎镇痛有效部分。结果七叶莲叶挥发油可明显减少小鼠醋酸所致的扭体次数,可明显缓解小鼠二甲苯所致的耳廓肿胀;七叶莲茎水提液氯仿部分、正丁醇部分也可减少小鼠醋酸所致扭体次数,有效缓解小鼠二甲苯所致的耳廓肿胀和角叉菜胶所致的足趾肿胀。结论七叶莲抗炎镇痛药理作用的有效部分主要集中在叶挥发油部分、茎水提液的氯仿部分和正丁醇部分。     

贯叶连翘提取物抗炎镇痛作用实验研究

目的：探讨贯叶连翘提取物的抗炎镇痛作用。方法：采用二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀、大鼠棉球肉芽肿实验观察贯叶连翘提取物抗炎作用;通过小鼠甲醛致痛实验观察其镇痛作用。结果：贯叶连翘提取物能够明显抑制二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀,抑制大鼠棉球肉芽肿的增重,减少小鼠在注射甲醛后0～5min,15～30min两个时相内舔足时间、减轻甲醛所致小鼠足跖肿胀。结论：贯叶连翘提取物具有明显的抗炎镇痛作用。     

女贞叶醇提取物抗炎镇痛作用的实验研究

目的研究女贞叶醇提取物抗炎镇痛作用。方法选用昆明小鼠和大鼠,每个实验随机分5组,生理盐水组、阳性对照组、女贞叶醇提取物低、中、高剂量组(小鼠10、20、30g/kg,大鼠5、10、15g/kg),分别采用小鼠醋酸致痛、热板致痛,二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀和角叉菜胶诱导大鼠足趾肿胀。观察女贞叶醇提取物抗炎镇痛作用。结果女贞叶醇提取物高剂量能显著提高小鼠痛阀值(P0.01),并能抑制小鼠耳廓和大鼠足趾肿胀(P0.05),能减少角叉菜胶所致大鼠炎性渗出液中前列腺素E2的含量。结论女贞叶醇提物具有一定抗炎镇痛作用。     

东北贯众抗炎镇痛作用有效部位研究

目的:确定东北贯众抗炎镇痛作用的有效部位,为进一步研究东北贯众抗炎镇痛作用的活性成分奠定基础.方法:热板法测定痛阈值,观察其镇痛作用;二甲苯诱发小鼠耳廓肿胀及甲醛致足跖肿胀观察其抗炎作用,研究东北贯众抗炎镇痛的有效部位.结果:东北贯众对小鼠热板致痛、二甲苯所致的小鼠耳肿胀及甲醛致小鼠足跖肿胀均有一定的抑制作用,且30%...     

鸭跖草抗炎镇痛有效部位实验研究

目的：研究鸭跖草不同提取物的抗炎镇痛作用。方法取鸭跖草的水提取物和乙醇提取物,采用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀、小鼠棉球肉芽肿胀为抗炎筛选方法;以冰醋酸扭体法、热板法为镇痛筛选方法。结果鸭跖草乙醇提取物和水提起物可减轻二苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀程度,减小小鼠棉球肉芽肿胀程度,减少醋酸致小鼠扭体次数,乙醇提物能延长小鼠舔足时间,乙醇提取物作用强于水提取物,其镇痛抗炎效果均表现出明显的剂量依赖关系。结论中药鸭跖草乙醇提取物具有明显的镇痛抗炎作用。     

石韦不同提取物的抗炎镇痛作用考察

目的：探讨石韦不同溶剂提取物的抗炎镇痛作用。方法：制备石韦水提取物和75%乙醇提取物,采用二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀法观察其抗炎作用,采用醋酸扭体法和热板法观察其镇痛作用。结果：石韦醇提取物能明显抑制二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀（P〈0.01）,且具有抑制醋酸致小鼠扭体的作用（P〈0.05）,在给药后1 h、2 h均能提高热板法小鼠的痛阈值（P〈0.05）;石韦水提取物能抑制二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀和醋酸所致小鼠扭体的作用（P〈0.05）,在给药后1 h能提高热板法小鼠的痛阈值（P〈0.05）。结论：石韦具有一定的抗炎镇痛作用。     

雷公藤茎、叶的抗炎镇痛药理作用研究

雷公藤叶吕提取物４００、２００ｍｇ／ｋｇｉ．ｇ给药,可明显减轻角又菜胶引起大鼠足跖肿胀和二甲苯引起小鼠耳廓的肿胀作用,对醋酸和小鼠扭体反应有明显抑制作用,表明雷公藤叶具有明显的抗炎,镇痛作用。     

两头尖提取物的抗炎镇痛作用初探

目的研究两头尖提取物的抗炎镇痛作用。方法采用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀实验、醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增高实验、新鲜蛋清致大鼠足跖肿胀实验、大鼠棉球肉芽增生实验考察两头尖提取物的抗炎作用,用小鼠扭体实验考察其镇痛作用。结果实验表明,两头尖提取物对各种炎症模型均有显著的抑制作用,并能显著减少醋酸致小鼠扭体反应次数。结论两头尖提取物有良好的抗炎镇痛作用。     

闽产三叶青地上部分提取物体内抗炎镇痛作用研究

目的 研究闽产三叶青地上部分提取物体内抗炎镇痛作用。方法 分别采用低、中、高剂量的闽产三叶青地上部分提取物,抗炎作用实验以二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀急性炎症模型并以醋酸泼尼松为阳性药、角叉菜胶致大鼠足肿胀急性炎症模型并以醋酸地塞米松为阳性药、大鼠棉球肉芽组织增生慢性炎症模型并以醋酸地塞米松为阳性药,镇痛作用实验以化学刺激法（扭体法）及热刺激法（热板法）并以罗通定为阳性药。结果 与模型组比较,闽产三叶青地上部分提取物中、高剂量组及粗提物组对二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀有明显的抑制作用（依次为P < 0.05,P < 0.01,P < 0.05）,耳肿胀抑制率分别为22.86%,38.79%,20.62%;提取物中、高剂量组及粗提物组对角叉菜胶致大鼠足肿胀急性炎症有明显的抑制作用（P < 0.05或P < 0.01）;提取物低、中、高剂量组及粗提物组均能显著减少大鼠棉球肉芽组织增生慢性炎症模型中大鼠肉芽肿的重量（依次为P < 0.05,P < 0.01,P < 0.01,P < 0.01）,其抑制率分别为28.12%,46.41%,59.58%,44.50%。与模型组比较,在60,90 min,提取物高剂量组能有效提高小鼠的痛阈值延长率（P < 0.05,P < 0.01）,痛阈值延长率最高达65.58%;提取物中、高剂量组及粗提物组能有效抑制醋酸致痛的小鼠扭体次数（依次为P < 0.05,P < 0.01,P < 0.05）,小鼠扭体潜伏期明显延长（依次为P < 0.05,P < 0.01,P < 0.05）,扭体次数明显减少（依次为P < 0.05,P < 0.01,P < 0.05）,镇痛抑制率最高达51.80%。结论 闽产三叶青地上部分提取物具有明显的体内抗炎镇痛作用。     

黄荆子亲脂性化学成分研究

目的研究马鞭草科牡荆属植物黄荆果实亲脂性化学成分。方法采用硅胶柱层析法、ODS柱层析法、Sephadex LH-20柱层析等分离方法对黄荆子亲脂性化学成分进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和波谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果分离得到7个单体化合物,分别为abietatrien-3β-ol(Ⅰ)、vitexifolin C(Ⅱ)、phytol(Ⅲ)、obtusalin(Ⅳ)、L-芝麻脂素(Ⅴ)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(Ⅵ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅶ)。结论化合物为Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ首次从该植物中分离得到。     

黄荆子化学成分研究

目的研究马鞭草科牡荆属植物黄荆果实的化学成分。方法采用聚酰胺、大孔树脂柱层析和Sephadex LH-20柱层析等分离方法对黄荆子强极性成分进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和波谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果分离得到4个单体化合物,荭草素（Ⅰ）,异荭草素（Ⅱ）,牡荆苷Ⅲ,VitedoamineA（Ⅳ）。结论化合物Ⅲ首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Antinociceptive activities of the liposoluble fraction from Vitex negundo seeds

The antinociceptive activities of the petroleum ether fraction (PEF) from the aqueous ethanol extract of Vitex negundo Linn. (Verbenaceae) seeds have been evaluated in several nociceptive mouse models. Given orally, the PEF (at doses of 12, 24, and 48?mg/kg body weight) produced significant dose-related inhibitions on chemical nociception induced by intraperitoneal acetic acid and sub-plantar formalin injections and on thermal nociception in the hot-plate test. Naloxone (1?mg/kg bw subcutaneously), a non-selected opioid receptor antagonist, notably reversed the analgesic effect caused by the PEF (48?mg/kg bw) when assessed against the first phase of the formalin test, but this effect was less significant for the PEF in the second phase. Our observations suggest that the PEF probably interacted with the opioid system and may be more effective on inflammatory pain. In addition, potent anti-inflammatory activity of the PEF was observed in the xylene-induced ear edema test, which further indicates that the analgesic effects of the PEF may be partially mediated by its anti-inflammatory activity. Further chemical analysis suggests that the analgesic activities of the PEF could be mostly due to the abundance of fatty acids with synergetic effects in the present work.     

Acute and subchronic dermal toxicity of Vitex negundo essential oil

Vitex negundo is a common herb in different herbal formulation. The potential acute and sub-chronic dermal toxicities were evaluated as per OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) guidelines 402 and 411, respectively. Both sexes of Wistar rats were exposed to Vitex negundo oil of 2000?mg/kg body weight for acute dermal toxicity, whereas in the dermal sub-chronic toxicity study, rats were exposed to Vitex negundo oil 250, 500 and 1000?mg/kg body weight, respectively, for five times a week for 90?d. In acute and sub-chronic toxicity studies, all animals were normal without any behavioral, serum biochemistry, hematology, necroscopical and histopathological changes. The no observed effect level (NOEL) and no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of Vitex negundo oil were 250 and 1000?mg/kg/day, respectively. Vitex negundo oil is under the category 5 (Unclassified) according to the Globally Harmonized System, with an LD₅₀ value of over 2000?mg/kg.     

黄荆子三萜类化学成分研究

目的 研究马鞭草科牡荆属植物黄荆果实的三萜类化学成分.方法 采用硅胶柱层析、ODS柱层析、Sephadex LH-20柱层析等色谱法分离纯化黄荆子三萜类化学成分,并根据理化性质和波谱数据对化合物结构进行鉴定.结果 分离得到了7个化合物,分别是2α,3α,19α-三羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(1)、2α,3β-二羟基齐墩果-12-烯-28-酸(2)、2α,3β,19α-三羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(3)、2α,3ββ,19α,23-四羟基齐墩果-12-烯-28-酸(4)、2α,3β,23-三羟基齐墩果-12-烯-28-酸(5)、2α,3α,24-齐墩果三羟基-12-烯-28-酸(6)、乌苏酸(7).结论 化合物1、3、4、5、6为首次从该属植物中分离得到.     

Antioxidant lignans from the seeds of Vitex negundo var. cannabifolia

A new phenyldihydronaphthalene-type lignan, vitexdoin F (1), along with 22 known lignan derivatives (2–23) was isolated from the seeds of Vitex negundo var. cannabifolia. Their structures were established by comprehensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses. The antioxidant activities of these lignans were evaluated through 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging assays, and 16 of these isolates exhibited obvious radical-scavenging effect on the stable-free radical, DPPH.     

Two new lignans from the aerial part of Vitex negundo

A new phenyldihydronaphthalene-type lignan, (3R,4S)-6-hydroxy-4-(4-hydroxy- 3-methoxyphenyl)-5,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydro-2-naphthaldehyde-3a-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), and a new phenylnaphthalene-type lignan, 6,7,4′-trihydroxy-3′-methoxy-2,3- cycloligna-1,4-dien-2a,3a-olide (2), along with 10-known lignan derivatives (3–12) were isolated from the aerial part of Vitex negundo var. heterophylla. Their structures were established by comprehensive 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopic analyses.     

中药黄荆不同药用部位、不同采收时间的木脂素类成分含量测定研究

目的建立HPLC法测定中药黄荆不同药用部位不同采收时间中木脂素类化学成分含量。方法采用反相高效液相色谱法,Kromasil ODS(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱为固定相,乙腈(A)-0.1%冰醋酸(B)为流动相,梯度洗脱(0¹0 min,15%A;1010 min,15%A;10⁴0 min,28%A),检测波长为255 nm,柱温为25℃,流速为1 mL·min-1。对不同产地、不同采收时间及药材不同药用部位的抗肿瘤木脂素的含量进行测定。结果二氢芳基萘类木脂素VBE-1与VBE-2在该条件下有较好的线性关系;黄荆不同药用部位中其果实含量较高,茎(枝)中含量较少,根、叶中难以检测到。不同时间采收的黄荆子的木脂素含量测定研究结果显示,以11月采收其木脂素含量最高。结论测定方法简便、准确,首次建立同时测定黄荆子药材中二氢芳基萘类木脂素VBE-1与VBE-2的含量测定方法学,为充分利用黄荆药材资源打下了基础。     

Anti-inflammatory effect of petroleum ether extract of Vitex negundo leaves in rat models of acute and subacute inflammation

The anti-inflammatory effect of a petroleum ether extract of Vitex negundo Linn (Verbenaceae) leaves, (PEVNL) (250 and 500?mg/kg, p.o.), was evaluated in carrageenan-induced hind paw edema and cotton pellet granuloma models. Diclofenac sodium was used as a standard drug. The biochemical parameters were estimated in serum. In carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model PEVNL exhibited significant (p?<?0.01) inhibition of edema volume at 4?h in a dose-dependent manner. In the cotton pellet granuloma model, dry weight of cotton pellets was significantly inhibited in a dose-dependent manner with maximum effect noticed at 500?mg/kg, p.o. Both doses of PEVNL were found to normalize the increased alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, alanine amino transferase (ALT) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) and reversed the decreased serum albumin. In conclusion, PEVNL exhibited anti-inflammatory activity in acute and subacute models. At a dose of 500?mg/kg, p.o., PEVNL was found to possess maximum activity, and this effect was comparable with reference drug diclofenac sodium (5?mg/kg, p.o.).