t细胞斑点试验对菌阴肺结核的诊断价值

结核病是全球严重的公共卫生问题之一,据who估计,全球约有20亿人感染结核分枝杆菌,每年约有200万人死于结核病[1-2].传统的结核分枝杆菌检测方法因检测的敏感性、特异性等缺陷限制了其推广应用.酶联免疫斑点试验( enzyme-linkedimmunospot,elispot)是一种体外检测单细胞水平特异性抗体分泌细胞功能的免疫学技术,由lalvani等[3 ]首先将其应用于结核病的快速诊断,为结核病的实验室检测提供了一条新途径.本文就t细胞斑点试验在菌阴肺结核中的诊断价值进行初步探讨.     

Fibreoptic bronchoscopy: effect of multiple bronchial biopsies on diagnostic yield in bronchial carcinoma.

The findings in bronchial biopsy specimens obtained at fibreoptic bronchoscopy in 271 patients with bronchial carcinoma were reviewed. Fifty-nine per cent of 703 specimens taken from the site of bronchoscopically visible tumours in 215 patients provided evidence of carcinoma. Unequivocal histological evidence of carcinoma was obtained in 78.6% of the 215 patients with visible tumours. When only one biopsy specimen was taken evidence of carcinoma was obtained in 65.2% of cases. At least five biopsy specimens were required to provide a greater than 90% probability of obtaining at least one positive sample. The anatomical site of the tumour had no significant effect on the proportion of biopsy specimens that were positive or the frequency of obtaining at least one positive sample. When extrinsic bronchial compression was the only visible abnormality evidence of carcinoma was obtained by bronchial biopsy in 26.8% of 56 cases.     

The pulmonary microangiopathy in patients with tuberculosis coexisting with diabetes mellitus

There were done histologic, electron-microscopic investigations of the lungs preparations in 47 patients with destructive tuberculosis (DT) and diabetes mellitus, the operations were performed, the signs of the disseminated microangiopathy were revealed. This complication negatively influence the DT course before and after the operation, and the final result of operation also.     

The diagnostic challenge of pulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma with pulmonary tuberculosis in a renal transplant recipient: a case report

We report a case of a 39-year-old, HIV-negative, post renal transplant patient who developed mucocutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma with lung parenchymal involvement and concurrently culture proven pulmonary tuberculosis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of this combination, which presented with cavitating lung nodules and responded well to withdrawal of immunosuppressive drugs beside antituberculous treatment.     

The pulmonary resection for tuberculosis in patients with severe diabetes mellitus

Peculiarities of preoperative preparation and of pulmonary resection performance, postoperative period management in 82 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and severe diabetes mellitus were analyzed. In 29.27% of patients the complications occurred. After the operation 4.87% of patients died. Positive clinical effect was noted in 95.13% of patients, 86.04% of patients were recovered during 1-20 yrs period of follow-up. The diabetes mellitus course severity had reduced. In further follow-up period the pulmonary tuberculosis reactivation in 9.3% was noted.     

The surgical treatment of fibrous-cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with diabetes mellitus

The results of treatment of fibrocavernous tuberculosis in 75 patients with diabetes mellitus were analyzed. In 21 (28%) patients postoperative complications occurred. After the operation 4 (5.33%) patients died. In 94.67% of patients clinical efficacy was achieved. While 1 to 15-year period of observation a full clinical effect was noted in 83.8% of 37 examined patients and the tuberculosis reactivation was revealed in 10.8%.