表皮生长因子及其受体在食管癌中的表达

目的 研究表皮生长因子（ＥＧＦ）及其受体（ＥＧＦＲ）在食管鳞状细胞癌中的表达。方法 用免疫组织化学ＡＢＣ法分析并研究染色结果与病理改变之间的关系。ＥＧＦ染色,以正常人颌下腺作为阳性对照。ＥＧＦＲ以正常人胎盘组织为阳性对照。ＥＧＦ和ＥＧＦＲ染色一抗的浓度分别为１：２００,１：１００,４℃孵育４８ｈ。结果 ＥＧＦ强阳性１８例,弱阳性１６例,ＥＧＦＲ强阳性１８例,弱阳性１６例。ＥＧＦ和ＥＧＦＲ的表达分为     

β连环素和表皮生长因子受体在非小细胞肺癌中表达的临床研究

目的:探讨β连环素和表皮生长因子受体在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及其临床意义。方法:采用免疫组化法回顾性研究了58例非小细胞肺癌标本β-catenin和EGFR的表达,并分析其表达与病理类型、分化程度和淋巴结转移的关系。结果:58例肺癌标本中β-catenin强阳性表达23例（36.66％）;EGFR强阳性表达27例（46.55％）,弱阳性表达19例（32.76％）;β-catenin和EGFR的表达与病理类型均无关;β-catenin的表达与分化程度有关;β-catenin和EGFR的表达均与有无淋巴结转移密切相关;β-catenin与EGFR的表达呈负相关关系（r=-0.3317,P=0.0110）。结论:β-catenin与EGFR的表达与非小细胞肺癌的生长分化、淋巴转移等恶性行为密切相关,EGFR的高表达可能与β-catenin表达水平降低有关。     

表皮生长因子受体与肿瘤

表皮生长因子（ＥＧＦ）具有促进细胞增殖的作用，与肿瘤的发生、发展有关，ＥＧＦ通过与表皮生长因子受体（ＥＧＦＲ）结合而起作用。     

肺腺癌中EGFR突变特异性抗体的表达及其意义

目的：探讨表皮生长因子受体（ epithe1ia1 growth factor receptor,EGFR）突变特异性抗体在肺腺癌中的表达及其意义。方法应用免疫组织化学（ immunohistochemistry,IHC）法检测171例已知EGFR突变情况[扩增阻滞突变系统-PCR（ amp1ification refractory mutation system-PCR,ARMS-PCR）法检测]的肺腺癌中EGFR基因19、21号外显子突变特异性蛋白（ EGFR-19、EGFR-21）和非突变蛋白（ EGFR-P）的表达,分析EGFR-19、21表达与临床病理特征的关系,检验IHC与ARMS-PCR法检测结果的一致性。结果 EGFR突变蛋白表达与低分化腺癌（微乳头型、实体型）有关（ P=0.021）;EGFR-21高表达与肿瘤侵犯胸膜有关（P=0.005）。IHC法检测EGFR-19、21表达与ARMS-PCR法检测EGFR突变具有一致性（Kappa值均>0.4）;EGFR-19、21的敏感性、特异性分别为65.0%、89.4%和70.0%、97.6%。结论肺腺癌中EGFR突变蛋白表达与组织分化差、胸膜侵犯有关,提示其可作为预后不良的指标;IHC法检测EGFR突变特异性蛋白可用作EGFR突变初筛手段。     

肺癌p73蛋白表达及其临床病理学意义

p73基因与p53基因同抑癌基因家族,p73蛋白在结构和功能上具有与p53蛋白高度相似性,都具有抑制肿瘤细胞生长、诱导细胞凋亡的功能。但两者双存在明显差异。文献报道,p73蛋白在一些癌细胞中呈高水平表达,与多种人类肿瘤的发生、发展密切相关。     

非小细胞肺癌表皮生长因子受体基因突变检测及其临床意义

目的探讨非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)基因突变检测技术及其临床意义。方法采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)扩增DNA直接测序法检测192例NSCLC的EGFR基因第18 ～21号外显子突变情况,并结合临床病理指标分析其意义。结果192例非小细胞肺癌中64例存在EGFR酪氨酸激酶结合域的基因突变(33.3％),其中第19号外显子缺失突变率为60.9％( 39/64),第21号外显子替代突变率为39.1％ (25/64),第18和20号外显子未发现突变。在伴有细支气管肺泡癌分化特征的肺腺癌中EGFR基因突变率为58.5％( 24/41),显著高于普通腺癌(37.9％,33/87)、鳞癌(7.5％,4/53)、大细胞癌(1/5)和腺鳞癌(2/6),P＜0.05;女性(51.9％,40/77)显著高于男性(20.9％,24/115),P＜0.01;不吸烟者(50.0％,57/114)显著高于吸烟者(9.0％,7/78),P＜0.01。结论PCR扩增DNA直接测序法检测NSCLC的EGFR基因突变技术稳定、可靠,为临床开展NSCLC靶向治疗提供了依据。     

CD44s在肺癌中的表达及其意义

目的:探讨CD44s在肺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法:采用免疫组化方法检测117例原发性肺癌的CD44s异常表达。结果:CD44s在小细胞肺癌(SCLC)不表达,而表达于非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)中,并且鳞癌的CD44s表达强度明显强于腺癌(P＜0.05);未发生淋巴结转移的肺癌病例中CD44s的表达明显高于已经发生转移的病例(P＜0.01);按照临床肿瘤TNM分期,早期肺癌的CD44s表达显著高于进展期肺癌(P＜0.05)。结论:CD44s对肺癌组织的病理类型、淋巴结转移、临床分期以及预后的判断是一个较好的评价指标。     

表皮生长因子受体检测方法

表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)是一种受体型酪氨酸激酶,在多种肿瘤中都有过表达,并与肿瘤的发生、浸润、转移、预后及患者生存期密切相关.多种方法可用于检测组织、血液、细胞中EGFR蛋白表达及其酪氨酸激酶活性,EGFR的检测将有助于肿瘤的靶向治疗.     

表皮生长因子受体基因突变与肺癌病理类型的关系

目的探讨肺癌病理类型与表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)基因第18、19、21外显子突变的关系。方法收集192例肺癌石蜡标本,按WHO(2004)肺、胸膜肿瘤组织学标准进行病理分类,提取肿瘤组织DNA,PCR扩增EGFR外显子18、19、21序列,分析肿瘤病理类型与EGFR基因各外显子突变类型和频率关系。结果192例肺癌中腺癌90例,突变率为32.2%(29/90);鳞状细胞癌53例,突变率为18.8%(10/53);腺鳞癌32例,突变率为50%(16/32);小细胞癌突变率为17.6%(3/17)。腺鳞癌比鳞状细胞癌和小细胞癌突变率高,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。18外显子突变率为1.6%(3/192),19外显子突变率为10.9%(21/192),21外显子突变率为17.7%(34/192)。在鳞状细胞癌和腺鳞癌标本中检测到18外显子突变,二者差异无显著性;19外显子突变在各病理类型中均可检测到,各病理类型之间差异无显著性;21外显子突变在各病理类型中均检测到,腺癌和腺鳞癌比鳞状细胞癌突变率高,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论肺癌中腺鳞癌EGFR基因突变率较高,与鳞状细胞癌和小细胞癌相比差异有显著性(P<0.05),腺癌和腺鳞癌EGFR基因21外显子突变率较高,与鳞状细胞癌相比差异有显著性。     

分化抗原和细胞因子受体在肺癌中表达的意义

近年来研究发现所谓同一组织来源的肿瘤 ,实是形态、功能和代谢各异的多种细胞群体混合物 ,而不同组织来源的肿瘤却在某种程度上呈现类似的形态与功能特征。作者用免疫组化方法检测了 49例肺癌的鳞分化 (Ｓ)、腺分化 (Ａ)、神经内分泌分化 (ＮＥ) 3种分化抗原———细胞角蛋白 17(ＣＫ17)、细胞角蛋白 18(ＣＫ18)、嗜铬素Ａ(ＣｇＡ)以及表皮细胞生长因子受体 (ＥＧＦＲ)的表达 ,探讨各型肺癌的发生、分化特点以及抗原异质性表达规律。1　材料与方法1.1　材料　收集原发性肺癌手术切除标本 49例 ,其中肺腺癌 15例 ,肺鳞癌 15例 ,肺小细胞癌 1…     

表皮生长因子受体与胃癌的研究进展

胃癌的发生与发展机制十分复杂，涉及多种细胞病理改变。表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor，EGFR)及其参与的信号转导通路在胃癌的发生发展中起着重要的作用。近年来，发现多数肿瘤对放化疗存在的耐药性，因此在肿瘤的基因水平寻找诊断指标以及靶向治疗，已经成为近年来研究热点之一。本文综述表皮生长因子与胃癌的研究进展。     

Oestrogen receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor expression in male breast carcinoma.

Male breast carcinomas are probably hormone-dependent, but receptor studies are few because this is a relatively rare tumour. We have studied 21 cases of male breast carcinoma immunohistochemically for oestrogen receptor (ER) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression employing the antibodies ER-ICA and 12E on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded material. In our series, 86 per cent of male breast cancers were ER-positive and 76 per cent were EGFR-positive. Male breast carcinomas do not exhibit the inverse correlation between ER and EGFR expression that characterizes female breast carcinomas. Owing to the limitations of a small series, we were unable to comment on the relationship between ER and EGFR expression and patient survival. However, the relatively high incidence of ER expression may provide a growth advantage for this tumour in a male environment characterized by low levels of oestrogen. In addition, high EGFR expression may also contribute to a poor prognosis independent of ER status.     

Relationship between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation and serum cyclooxygenase-2 Level,and the synergistic effect of celecoxib and gefitinib on EGFR expression in non-small cell lung cancer cells

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations occur mostly in patients with lung adenocarcinoma; such patients are also more likely to express cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), indicating a possible relationship between EGFR mutation and COX-2. The COX-2 and EGFR pathways mutually enhance their procarcinogenic effects in different tumor types. Therefore, simultaneous EGFR and COX-2 inhibition may be a promising therapeutic approach for patients with lung adenocarcinoma. We obtained tissue and serum samples from patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to detect the relationship between EGFR mutation and serum COX-2 level. Subsequently, gefitinib was combined with celecoxib to investigate the efficacy of inhibition in vitro in two NSCLC cell lines: HCC827 (del E746-A750) and A549 (wild-type EGFR). The cells were treated with gefitinib or celecoxib alone or with gefitinib plus celecoxib. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed and correlated with expression of COX-2 and phosphorylated (p)-EGFR. The EGFR mutation rate of the high-COX-2 patients was significantly higher than that in the low-COX-2 patients. Multivariate analysis showed that high COX-2 levels were independently associated with EGFR mutation. Celecoxib and gefitinib inhibited cell growth in both cell lines. At sufficiently high concentrations, celecoxib plus gefitinib significantly mutually enhanced their anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects in both cell lines. At low concentrations, the combination had no additional effects on A549 cells. There was increased down regulation of COX-2 and p-EGFR when both cell lines were treated with high-concentration celecoxib plus gefitinib compared to either agent alone. This study demonstrates that high serum COX-2 levels may indicate EGFR mutations and that the efficacy of combined celecoxib and gefitinib is significantly greater in NSCLC cells with EGFR mutations; at high concentrations, the combination is efficacious in wild-type NSCLC cells.     

Pathological significance of epidermal growth factor receptor expression and amplification in human gliomas

Zhao L‐l, Xu K‐l, Wang S‐w, Hu B‐l & Chen L‐r
(2012) Histopathology  61, 726–736 Pathological significance of epidermal growth factor receptor expression and amplification in human gliomas Aims: To investigate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and amplification in gliomas and to assess their association with survival. Methods and results: Immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in‐situ hybridization were performed to analyse EGFR status in 158 cases of primary glioma. Kaplan–Meier survival and Cox regression analyses were performed to analyse the prognosis of patients. Overexpression of EGFR and expression of EGFR variant III (EGFRvIII) were found in 102 cases (64.6%) and 47 cases (29.7%), respectively. Overexpression of EGFR was significantly correlated with World Health Organization (WHO) grade and Karnofsky performance score (KPS) (both P < 0.05). Expression of EGFRvIII was significantly correlated with WHO grade, gender, age, and KPS (all P < 0.05). EGFR amplification was found in 46 cases (29.1%), and was significantly correlated with WHO grade, age, KPS and EGFR overexpression (all P < 0.05). Cox multifactor analysis showed that EGFR amplification was an independent unfavourable prognostic factor for human gliomas at all ages, and EGFRvIII was an independent prognostic factor in patients older than 60 years. Conclusions: EGFR amplification and EGFRvIII expression were associated with an unfavourable prognosis for patients of all ages, and for those older than 60 years, respectively. The differing significance of EGFR status in young and old glioma patients and its impact on prognosis needs further study.     

非小细胞肺癌表皮生长因子受体及其靶向治疗研究进展

非小细胞肺癌是目前全球最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,尽管手术治疗和化学治疗技术不断发展,但非小细胞肺癌患者生存率却没有明显改变。表皮生长因子受体 (epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)是一种受体型酪氨酸激酶,在非小细胞肺癌中有过表达,且与非小细胞肺癌的发生、发展、侵袭等方面密切相关,是最有前途的特异性肿瘤靶向治疗分子之一。此外,在非小细胞肺癌中常检测到EGFR基因突变,尤其是在女性、非吸烟者、肺腺癌和亚洲人种中,这与非小细胞肺癌患者对吉非替尼治疗的敏感性密切相关。     

Transforming growth factor alpha and epidermal growth factor in human pancreatic cancer.

Overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been reported as an important molecular abnormality in human pancreatic cancer. There is in vitro evidence that simultaneous overproduction of one of its ligands, transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha), might result in an autocrine loop with an increased proliferation signal. We analysed by immunocytochemical staining a retrospective series of human pancreatic cancers, chronic pancreatitis, and normal fetal and adult pancreatic tissues for the presence of TGF-alpha and epidermal growth factor (EGF). Ductal epithelial cells showed TGF-alpha immunoreactivity in both normal tissue and chronic pancreatitis, and 95 per cent of tumours showed strong immunoreactivity. In contrast, EGF immunoreactivity was not found in normal pancreas, but was expressed in 12 per cent of pancreatic carcinomas. Well-defined areas of EGF immunoreactivity in exocrine ducts showing reactive changes in pancreatitis might represent a benign response to tissue damage similar to that previously described in the gastric mucosa.     

Immunohistochemical investigation of epidermal growth factor receptor expression in ameloblastomas

Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to determine the localization of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in ameloblastomas. Ameloblastoma samples were classified into follicular, plexiform, and basal cell types. The number of cases in each category was 17, 19 and 3, respectively. Ameloblastomas, disregarding their histological type, consist of two cell forms: peripheral columnar cells and central stellate cells. The frequency of EGFR expression was much higher in the latter than in the former (P<0.005). On analysis with respect to histological types, the frequency of EGFR expression in columnar cells was not significantly different between the follicular and the plexiform types, but was observed more frequently in the stellate cells in the follicular than in the plexiform ameloblastomas (P<0.05). This pattern of EGFR expression was not consistent with the PCNA staining pattern, but was similar to that of keratin expression which we have reported previously. The present study suggests that EGFR expression in ameloblastomas is closely associated with tumour differentiation, and squamous differentiation in particular.     

Protein expression and mutational analysis of epidermal growth factor receptor in renal angiomyolipomas

Renal angiomyolipoma (AML) is a benign but progressive tumor that occasionally requires non-surgical therapy and there appears to be a possibility that epidermal growth factor (EGF) is associated with pathogenesis of renal AML. The response to gefitinib, anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) agent and a prime example of target therapy, reportedly has been correlated with the presence of mutations within the tyrosine kinase (TK) domain of EGFR or the expression of its truncated form, EGFR variant III. Therefore the purpose of the present paper was to investigate EGFR protein expression and gene mutations in exons 18, 19 and 21 in 40 renal AML. No EGFR gene mutations of TK domain were detected in any of the 40 cases studied and strong immunostaining was found in 5% of the renal AML cases. The present findings indicate that in renal AML, anti-EGFR treatment may not be promising but that there is a possibility that EGFR is associated with renal AML pathogenesis.