不同采收月份壮药白花九里明中3种化学成分含量测定

目的:建立一种用于测定壮药白花九里明中原儿茶酸、绿原酸和咖啡酸含量的HPLC方法,并探索不同采收月份药材中上述各成分的含量变化规律,为合理开发利用资源提供实验依据.方法:采用C18柱;以乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液为流动相梯度洗脱,流速为1 mL·min-1,检测波长258,327 nm.结果:原儿茶酸在1.7～17 mg·L-1,绿原酸在15.6～156 mg·L-1,咖啡酸在3.963～39.63 mg·L-1具有良好的线性;平均加样回收率为101.5%,101.1%,99.26%.结论:所建立的方法简便、准确,可用于壮药白花九里明的质量评价.     

壮药白花九里明提取物急性毒性和体内抗菌作用的研究

目的研究壮药白花九里明提取物的急性毒性和体内抗菌的作用。方法序贯法测定壮药白花九里明水、醇提物对小鼠的急性毒性;感染动物保护实验测定壮药白花九里明不同剂量水提物对金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌感染的小鼠体内保护作用。结果壮药白花九里明水提取物小鼠灌胃的LD50为(134.17±9.043)g生药/kg,95%的可信区间为(125.127,143.213);醇提取物LD50为(107.37±17.665)g生药/kg,95%的可信区间为(89.705,125.035)。壮药白花九里明水提物6.7 g/kg、13.4 g/kg、26.8 g/kg均能不同程度地降低金黄色葡萄球菌感染小鼠的病死率并延长平均存活时间。结论壮药白花九里明提取物为低毒,大剂量服用比较安全;对金黄色葡萄球菌感染的小鼠有一定的体内保护作用,值得进一步研究与开发。     

浅议壮药白花九里明植物来源

<正>由于地域与传统习惯的限制,中药尤其是民族药存在着同物异名和同名异物的现象。同名异物是导致品种混乱的主要因素,容易引起临床混淆和误用。壮药白花九里明是壮族民间常用药材,但现在的文献书籍出现了两种植物来源,并且都是同科属近缘种,非常容易混淆。本文根据文献记载对白花九里明的植物来源进行考究,为甄别白花九里明真伪、避免临床及生产用药的谬误提供参考。     

壮药白花九里明水提取物镇痛镇静作用的研究

目的:观察壮药白花九里明水提取物的镇痛镇静作用。方法:采用热板法和扭体法观察白花九里明水提取物的镇痛作用;通过自主活动和对戊巴比妥钠催眠时间协同作用的影响来观察白花九里明水提取物的镇静作用。结果:白花九里明水提取物低、中、高剂量(6.7 g/kg、13.4 g/kg、26.8 g/kg)均能提高小鼠热板痛阈值和减少对醋酸引起的扭体次数,能使小鼠的自主活动减少,明显延长小鼠睡眠时间。结论:壮药白花九里明水提取物具有一定的镇痛、镇静作用。     

壮药白花九里明水煎液止血作用机制探讨

目的：考察白花九里明水煎液的止血作用及其作用机制,并了解其对肝脏功能的影响。方法：玻片法、毛细管法测定小鼠凝血时间（CT）,断尾法测定小鼠出血时间（BT）,测定大鼠凝血酶原时间（PT）、活化部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）、凝血酶时间（TT）、血浆纤维蛋白原含量（FIB）、血小板计数（PLC）、血浆复钙时间（PRT）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）。结果：以白花九里明水煎液6.7 g·kg-1、13.4 g·kg-1、26.8 g·kg-1灌胃给药,可不同程度地缩短小鼠CT 和BT,分给以4.7 g·kg-1、9.4 g·kg-1、18.9 g·kg-1 灌胃给以大鼠,可对其PT、APTT、TT、PRT 均有不同程度的影响;白花九里明水煎液一定剂量可降低肝脏功能指标ALT、AST。结论：白花九里明具有促凝血、止血作用,其作用机制可能是通过激活内、外源性凝血系统而止血;同时,对肝脏无明显损害。     

壮药白花九里明提取物对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌体外抗菌作用研究

目的研究壮药白花九里明水、醇提取物对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)体外抗菌的作用,为临床治疗MRSA感染提供新的途径。方法制备壮药白花九里明水、醇提取物,采用纸片扩散法对临床分离的MRSA菌株进行体外抑菌实验,肉汤稀释法测定最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MBC)。结果壮药白花九里明的水提取物抑菌圈直径为18~24 mm,醇提取物抑菌圈直径为11~18 mm;水提取物的MIC为31.25~250 mg/m L、MBC为31.25~250 mg/m L,醇提取物的MIC为31.25~250 mg/m L、MBC为62.5~500 mg/m L。结论壮药白花九里明水、醇提取物对MRSA菌株有较好的抑制作用。     

白花九里明抗菌和抗炎作用研究

目的:研究壮药白花九里明提取物的抗菌和抗炎作用,为开发新药提供实验依据。方法:抗菌采用琼脂扩散法、肉汤稀释法测定壮药白花九里明提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌(SA)、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)、铜绿假单胞菌(PA)、多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌(MDR-PA)、大肠埃希菌(E.coli)、产超广谱β-内酰胺酶大肠埃希菌(E.coli-ESBLs)、肺炎克雷伯菌(K.pne)、产超广谱β-内酰胺酶肺炎克雷伯菌(K.pne-ESBLs)的抑菌圈直径、最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(MBC)。抗炎采用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀、醋酸致小鼠毛细血管通透性增加、角叉菜致小鼠足肿胀、琼脂致小鼠肉芽肿模型研究。结果:壮药白花九里明提取物对8种细菌具有体外抑菌活性,对SA、MRSA作用最强;水提物、醇提物对8种细菌抑菌圈直径分别是10.03~23.17mm、8.27~19.75mm;水提物对8种细菌MIC:0.020~0.691g/ml,MBC:0.025~0.758g/ml;醇提物对8种细菌MIC:0.025~1.097g/ml,MBC:0.050~1.149g/ml,水提物作用强于醇提物。水提物13.4g/kg,26.8g/kg剂量组有显著的抑制二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀和醋酸致小鼠毛细血管通透性增高的急性炎症作用;并有明显抑制角叉菜致小鼠足肿胀、琼脂致小鼠肉芽肿的急、慢性炎症作用。结论:壮药白花九里明提取物具有广谱体外抑菌活性,对耐药菌也具有抑菌活性,水提物具有良好的抗炎作用。     

白花九里明的生药学研究

目的 对白花九里明进行生药学研究,为开发利用该药材提供参考依据.方法 对白花九里明进行原植物鉴别、性状鉴别、显微鉴别、理化鉴别研究.结果 发现药材茎具明显细纵棱.根具明显的内皮层,在皮层及韧皮部处大型分泌腔易见;茎中柱鞘纤维束呈半圆形;叶脉的维管束有维管束鞘;粉末中菊糖结晶、分泌腔碎块、非腺毛等易见;经紫外光谱扫描发现有明显的吸收峰.结论 上述特征可作为白花九里明质量标准制定的参考依据.     

白花九里明挥发油成分的气相色谱-质谱联用分析

目的 利用GC-MS对白花九里明的挥发油进行研究,通过数据处理,分析该药挥发油所含的化学成分.方法 按<中国药典>2005版Ⅰ部附录中挥发油提取法甲法提取挥发油,用GC-MS联用仪进行测定,结合计算机检索技术对分离的化合物进行鉴定,应用色谱峰面积归一化法计算各成分的相对含量.结果 共分离出29个峰,并鉴定出其中的23种成分.结论 白花九里明的主要挥发性成分为5-(1,5-二甲基-4-己烯基)-2-甲基-1,3-环己二烯(32.24%);1-(1,5-二甲基-4-己烯基)-4-甲基苯酚(22.87%);(E)-β-金合欢烯(8.31%)等,化合物类型主要有萜类化合物、脂肪族化合物、芳香族化合物等,其中以萜类化合物为主,所得数据可为白花九里明的进一步开发研究提供科学参考依据.     

白花前胡石油醚提取物对家兔离体气管平滑肌的作用

白花前胡石油醚提取物能抑制乙酰胆碱和氯化钾所致气管平滑肌收缩,而且能使乙酰胆碱收缩气管平滑肌的量效曲线右移,使最大反应降低,其作用为剂量依赖性。     

Effects on rat uterine and aorta strip smooth muscle of Thymus leptophyllus extract

The diethylether extract from Thymus leptophyllus was found to be more active on uterine smooth muscle than on aorta strips. Rat uterus experiments with and without extracellular calcium, yielded similar IC₅₀ values. A non-specific mechanism for the relaxant activity can therefore be postulated. In rat aorta and in the presence of extracellular calcium the extract inhibited the contractile response induced by K⁺ depolarizing solution and had a less inhibitory effect on noradrenaline (NA) contraction. In a Ca²⁺-free solution the extract strongly reduced the Ca²⁺-release induced by NA, but it did not affect the transient contraction caused by caffeine (CAF).     

Effects of leaf extract of Caesalpinia bonduc (Caesalpiniaceae) on the contractile activity of uterine smooth muscle of pregnant rats

The calcium dependency and the cholinergic effect of the leaf extract of Caesalpinia bonduc Roxb. (Caesalpiniaceae) was studied in isolated pregnant rat myometrium preparations. Isometric contractions were recorded. The extract (Cebo) increased the contractile force in the isolated strips in a concentration-dependent manner. The effects were comparable to those obtained with acetylcholine. Contractions induced by Cebo or acetylcholine were inhibited in the presence of atropine. The stimulating action of Cebo on the contractile responses of isolated myometrium preparations inhibited by atropine may be mediated by cholinergic receptors. In calcium-free solution Cebo induced a tonic contraction (contracture) of the muscle. Moreover, in high-potassium calcium-free solution Cebo caused contracture of the uterine smooth muscle. Cebo was still able to elicit contractions in calcium-free solution containing EDTA or EGTA. These findings suggest the existence of cholinergic receptors sensitive to Cebo which could influence the influx of calcium (phasic contraction) and mobilization of calcium from cellular stores (tonic contraction), both of which are responsible for the increase of contractile activity and development of the contracture of uterine smooth muscle.     

Inhibitory effect on proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and protective effect on CCl(4)-induced hepatic damage of HEAI extract

The effects of methanol extract from Hericium erinaceus cultivated with Artemisia iwayomogi (HEAI) on proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and CCl(4)-induced hepatic damage were evaluated. HEAI was shown to have a potent inhibitory effect on the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Interestingly, a methanol extract of Hericium erinaceus showed no inhibitory effect on the proliferation of VSMCs, while a methanol extract of Artemisia iwayomogi possessed strong inhibitory effects on the proliferation of VSMCs. Therefore, the inhibitory effects of HEAI may be caused by the changes of chemical components in the culture broth after the addition of Artemisia iwayomogi in the HEAI growth media. HEAI also had a strong protective effect on CCl(4)-induced hepatic damage in rats. The activity was evaluated using biochemical parameters such as glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). HEAI treatment caused a significant reduction in the activity of GOT but not of GPT and ALP in comparison with CCl(4) treatment alone. Histopathological studies showed that liver samples treated with HEAI were significantly different when compared to non-treated animals after CCl(4) exposure.     

Effects of a Ferula sinaica root extract on the uterine smooth muscle of rat and guinea pig

The effects of an ethanolic extract of Ferula sinaica roots on the uterine smooth muscles of rats and guinea pigs were tested in vitro using isolated uterine horns. The extract inhibited the spontaneous movements of rat and guinea pig uterine smooth muscle and also the contractions induced by oxytocin stimulation. These effects were concentration-dependent and reversible by tissue washing. These data suggest that this plant extract may have some antioxytocic potential.     

HPLC法测定药用甘薯西蒙Ⅰ号中咖啡酸的含量

目的 建立测定西蒙Ⅰ号叶中有效成分含量的方法，比较不同年份的西蒙I号叶中咖啡酸的含量差异。方法 采用HPLC对西蒙I号叶中咖啡酸的含量进行测定。结果 咖啡酸在10.33-165.28μg/mL具有良好的线性关系。平均回收率为99.38%,RSD=1.36%(n=6)。结论 该方法灵敏，准确，专属性强，适用于西蒙I号药材中咖啡酸的测定。