机会性筛查人群中高危型人乳头瘤病毒与宫颈病变相关性的分析

目的 研究第二代杂交捕获法(HC2)高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HR-HPV)检测阳性样品中HPV与宫颈病变的相关性.方法 随机抽取HC2阳性患者602名(344名行细胞学检查),采用PCR-反向点杂交(RDB)法对HPV分型并分析HPV型别与细胞学的相关性.结果 602例患者PCR阳性率94.5%;HPV分型检出率依次为HPV16、52、58、56、39等;HC2检测谱外单独感染24例;HPV16、HPV16/18与ASCUS、LSIL、HSIL有明显相关性.结论 机会性筛查人群中最常见HPV型别依次为HPV16、52、58;HC2检测的假阳性率为4.0%;HPV16与宫颈病变程度相关.     

机会性筛查人群中高危型人乳头瘤病毒与宫颈病变相关性的分析

目的研究第二代杂交捕获法（HC2）高危型人乳头瘤病毒（HR—HPV）检测阳性样品中HPV与宫颈病变的相关性。方法随机抽取HC2阳性患者602名（344名行细胞学检查）,采用PCR一反向点杂交（RDB）法对HPV分型并分析HPV型别与细胞学的相关性。结果602例患者PCR阳性率94．5％;HPV分型检出率依次为HPVl6、52、58、56、39等;HC2检测谱外单独感染24例;HPVl6、HPVl6／18与ASCUS、LSIL、HSIL有明显相关性。结论机会性筛查人群中最常见HPV型别依次为HPVl6、52、58;HC2检测的假阳性率为4．0％;HPVl6与宫颈病变程度相关。     

不同年龄组宫颈病变21型别人乳头状瘤病毒DNA的观察分析

目的探讨不同年龄组不同类型宫颈病变中21型别HPV DNA的检测及意义。方法应用HybriM ax基因芯片导流杂交法检测71例宫颈病变中HPV DNA,年龄自20-64岁。宫颈病变分为鳞状上皮增生空变、尖锐湿疣、低级别C IN及高级别C IN。HPV DNA 21种型别被检测,其中高危15型,低危6型。结果71例宫颈病变中50例HPV DNA阳性（69%）;按年龄分类,HPV DNA检出的频次以20-25岁（81%）最高,31-40岁最低（56%）（P=0.286）。其中高危型及高低危混合型HPV感染62%,低危型感染7%。HPV感染率在鳞状上皮增生伴空泡变性中33%,尖锐湿疣92%,低级别C IN中89%,高级别C IN中100%（χ2=26.874,P=0.001）;其中高级别C IN中均为高危型HPV基因型阳性,阳性频次基因型依次为16、33、52、18;低度C IN病变HPV基因型依次为16、31、18、52、33、6、11等。单一型别感染率65%,多重型别感染率34%。结论HPV感染可发生于各年龄组,大多数HPV感染不引起宫颈病变,可自行清除。HPV感染与病变的类型明显相关,随着病变的加重,HPV阳性率增高,高危型HPV阳性率亦随之增高。宫颈高级别C IN HPV感染型别依次为16、33、52、18等;低级别依次为16、31、18、52等。     

妇科门诊患者HPV分型检测及结果分析

目的探讨人乳头瘤病毒（human papillomavirus,HPV）的感染在慢性宫颈炎、宫颈上皮内瘤样病变（CIN）及浸润性宫颈癌（ICC）中的表达,旨在提高宫颈上皮内瘤样病变及浸润性宫颈癌的诊断率。方法对就诊的有宫颈疾患的妇女794例,采用导流杂交HPV基因分型技术进行DNA检测。结果 HPV检测阳性113例,阳性率14.23%,其中单一型别HPV感染84例,占总数的74.33%,多型别感染的29例,占总数的25.67%,最常见的HPV基因型为52、16、58、18、53高危型感染率较低危型相比,上升趋势更为明显。结论在宫颈病变筛查中HPV检测可提高细胞学检测的有效性,是早期诊断CINⅢ及ICC的一个重要辅助方法。     

人类乳头状瘤病毒分型检测在宫颈癌筛查中的临床研究

目的 探讨人类乳头状瘤病毒（human papillomavirus,HPV）基因分型检测在宫颈病变诊断中的临床应用价值.方法 选取2010年1月至2012年12月在北京大学第一医院妇产科就诊的1715例患者作为研究对象,所有患者均行宫颈脱落细胞学检查、HPV分型检测及阴道镜检查下行多点活检,并最终经组织病理学检查诊断为宫颈上皮内瘤变（cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,CIN）.分析HPV分型检查在宫颈癌筛查诊断中临床应用价值.结果 1715例CIN患者HPV检出率排名前五位的依次是HPV16、58、52、33、31;CIN2＋（包括CIN2/CIN3/原位腺癌/宫颈癌,以下简称CIN2＋）患者中前五位依次是HPVI6、58、33、52、31;其中CIN2＋中细胞学未见上皮内病变细胞和恶性细胞（negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy,NILM）患者中,Logistic回归分析结果显示HPV16、33和18型阳性致CIN2＋风险性较大,回归系数OR分别为5.031（P=0.000）、2.375 （P=0.000）和1.598（P =0.027）.宫颈脱落细胞学为非典型鳞状上皮细胞（atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance,ASCUS）,伴随HPV16、58型阳性,发生CIN2＋风险性较大,回归系数OR分别为5.139（P=0.000）和2.096（P=0.025）.宫颈脱落细胞学为低度鳞状上皮内病变（low squamous intraepithelial lesion,LSIL）,伴随HPV16、33、52型CIN2＋风险性较大,回归系数OR分别为5.774（P =0.000）、3.368（P =0.000）和1.747（P=0.034）.结论 HPV分型检测在宫颈癌筛查中具有重要作用,是指导细胞学阴性、ASCUS和LSIL患者临床处理时的重要参考指标,尤其是当HPV16型阳性时.     

人乳头瘤病毒检测在宫颈病变中的应用价值

目的了解宫颈细胞学异常患者中人乳头瘤“毒（HPV）的感染状况,评估HPV检测在宫颈病变筛查中的价值。方法随机选取宫颈薄层液基细胞学检测异常的101例患者进行了HPV检测,同时行组织病理学检查。结果（1）101例宫颈细胞学异常患者中,细胞学为ASCUS、LSIL、HSIL、鳞状细胞癌时高危型HPV阳性率分别为84．2％、88．6％、100．0％和2／2;（2）10l例细胞学异常患者中20例为CINI,81例为CINⅡ及以上级别,高危型HPV阳性率存CINI、CINⅡ及以上级别分别为60％、97．5％;（3）ASCUS组中,高危型HPV阳性患者中CINⅡ及以上病变的发生率为87．5％,HPV阴性患者中CINⅡ及以上病变的发生率为16．7％;（4）高危型HPV型别分布由高到低分别为HPVl6型39．6％（40／101）,HPV58型17．8％（18／101）,HPV52型16．8％（17／101）,HPVl8型9．9％（10／101）以及HPV33型9．9％（10／101）。结论高危型HPV感染率与宫颈病变级别呈正相关;HPV检测可作为ASCUS患者的有效分流手段。宫颈病变患者中高危型HPV感染以16、58、52、18、33型为主。     

HPV感染和宫颈病变的相关性分析

目的研究北京地区女性HPV感染和宫颈病变关系。方法选择于2014年5月至2018年12月于民航总医院妇产科就诊行阴道镜并取活检的患者,按照宫颈活体病理结果分为无宫颈病变组,LSIL组,HSIL组,宫颈癌组,对其宫颈细胞学、HPV感染和病理结果进行相关性分析。结果共收集2634例患者,无病变组752例,LSIL组1348例,HSIL组497例,宫颈癌组37例。宫颈病变患者共1882例,占71.5%。宫颈鳞状上皮内瘤变及宫颈癌的的高发年龄为30-44岁。HSIL组、LSIL组和宫颈癌组最常见的感染型别均为HPV16型,LSIL组第二三位感染型别依次为HPV 52、HPV58,HSIL组第二三位感染型别依次为HPV 58、HPV52。第四位均为HPV18型;在宫颈癌组中HPV18感染居第二位,HPV52、HPV58、HPV33、HPV68并列位于第四位。结论符合入组条件者发生宫颈病变几率高,应及早行阴道镜检查,重视30-44岁女性的筛查。TCT的阳性结果比阴性结果更有意义,建议TCT与HPV联合筛查减少漏诊率(尤其是30-44岁女性)。除HPV16、18外,建议HPV52、58的感染及时转诊阴道镜检查。     

Luminex XMAP液相芯片技术检测人乳头瘤病毒基因型的应用评价

目的 评价Luminex XMAP液相芯片技术在HPV感染检测中的临床价值.方法 取宫颈组织标本231份和正常宫颈脱落细胞33份,采用液相芯片技术和杂交捕获Ⅱ(HC Ⅱ)对所有标本进行HPV DNA检测.比较两种方法检测结果,对不一致标本及HPV单一型感染标本进行基因测序.结果 两种方法检测结果一致性极好(Kappa=0.8889).根据液相芯片检测结果,HPV检出率为82.95%,不同基因型感染率从高到低依次为:HPV 16、52、58、18、11、31、6、39、33、56、70.其中117份单一型感染,102份多重感染.高危型感染占87.43%,低危型12.57%.以组织病理学为确诊标准,液相芯片和HCⅡ检测CINⅡ、CINⅢ和宫颈癌HPV DNA的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别依次为:93.07%、87.88%、98.17%、64.44%和94.81%、87.88%、98.21%、70.73%.所有液相芯片检出的单一型经基因测序验证准确率为98.29%.结论 所选宫颈病变患者HPV感染的常见型别是16、52、58、18、11、31、6.Luminex XMAP液相芯片技术是HPV分型检测及大规模筛查的理想方法.     

宫颈上皮内瘤样病变患者高危型HPV感染基因分型分析

目的了解宫颈上皮内瘤变患者的高危型HPV的感染及其分型和不同程度宫颈病变的主要感染型别情况。方法应用型特异PCR检测宫颈癌前病变的患者的主要高危型HPV-16、18、33、58的感染及其分型情况的相关性研究。结果在本研究宫颈上皮内瘤变患者98例中,4种高危型HPV的总阳性例数为73例,HPV总的感染率为74.5%,存在多重感染。其中HPV-16、18、33、58的总感染率分别为53.1%、38.7%、17.3%和30.6%。CIN的Ⅰ/Ⅱ/Ⅲ3组患者的4种高危型HPV的感染率分别为42.9%、61.1%和93.2%。结论主要高危型HPV在宫颈上皮内瘤变患者中感染的主要型别依次为HPV16、HPV18、HPV58、HPV33,主要为HPV16和HPV18型;不同程度CIN的高危型HPV的总感染率不同,随病变程度的加重而增加。     

妇女宫颈病变筛查分析

目的 研究HPV与宫颈癌及癌前病变的相关性,提供防治宫颈癌的思路。方法 以2012年1月~2017 年12月送检到浙江迪安诊断技术股份有限公司的433447例宫颈病变标本为研究对象,同时检测人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）基因分型和薄层液基细胞学（TCT）,并分析HPV基因亚型分布及年龄分布。结果 HPV阳性率为12.51%,其中单一高危HPV阳性率为9.28%,单一低危HPV阳性率为1.22%。HPV亚型阳性率最高的是16型2.09%、58型1.82%、52型1.61%。TCT 阳性检出率是5.69%,其中 ASC-US3.91%、LSIL1.21%、ASC-H0.32%、HSIL及以上0.23%、AGC 0.02%。HPV发病率最高的年龄段是41~50岁,阳性率为5.54%,与其它年龄段比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 HPV亚型中16、52及58感染率最高,同时具有明显年龄特征。HPV感染可引起一系列的宫颈病变,防治重点应针对高危HPV感染的人群。     

Detection of human papillomavirus genotypes with liquid bead microarray in cervical lesions of northern Chinese patients

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main cause of cervical cancer. Blending multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and multiplex hybridization to liquid bead microarray (LBMA), we detected and identified 25 common HPV genotypes using type-specific primers for HPV E6 and E7 genes in cervical lesions of northern Chinese patients. Of the 511 cervical samples, 349 (68.3%) were found to be HPV positive by HPV-LBMA. The distribution was 22 HPV positive of 100 in the control group (22%), 41 of 80 with chronic cervicitis (51%), 80 of 99 with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I (81%), 46 of 56 with CIN II (82%), 67 of 74 with CIN III (90%), and 93 of 102 with invasive cervical carcinoma (91%). HPV-16 was the most frequent genotype in the CIN and cervical cancer groups. The most common genotypes were HPV-16 (28%), HPV-58 (14%), HPV-52 (14%), HPV-18 (8%), and HPV-33 (7%) in the CIN group, and HPV-16 (63%), HPV-52 (9%), HPV-18 (7%), HPV-58 (7%), and HPV-33 (5%) in the cervical cancer group. HPV-LBMA found multiple genotypes in 1 of 22 control (4%), 64 of 193 CIN (33%), and 22 of 93 cervical cancer (24%). The HPV-LBMA results were compatible with those of PCR and DNA sequencing. HPV-LBMA is a simple, high-throughput method that provides useful information on viral genotype and multiple HPV infections in cervical lesions. In northern China, the most common high-risk HPV genotypes seem to be HPV types 16, 58, 52, 18, and 33. Genetic information on HPV in cervical specimens could provide particular benefits in the management of cervical lesions.     

Molecular epidemiology of human papillomavirus genotype in women with high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and cervical cancer: Will a quadrivalent vaccine be necessary in Thailand?

This study was designed to investigate the distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes among a group of patients with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) or worse cytology. Consequently, the genotype-specific HPV infection in a group of HSIL and invasive cervical cancer (ICC) samples was described. Specimens were collected prospectively from 132 women referred for colposcopic examination. All the women underwent Papanicolaou (Pap) smears and colposcopies and some also underwent cervical excision procedure biopsy. The HPV genotype was determined using the INNO-LiPA assay. Among the 132 genotyped samples, 90.91% (120/132) were diagnosed HSIL, whereas 9.09% (12/132) were ICC. From the overall prevalence of HPV in the patients, 77.27% (102/132) and 22.72% (30/132) of cases had single and multiple genotype infections, respectively. The most common cases with statistical significance were high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) infections in 128 samples (96.97%), whereas, four individuals (3.03%) barely were low-risk HPV (LR-HPV) infected, P < 0.0001, χ(2). The most prevalent genotypes were frequently HPV-16 (65/167; 38.92%, followed by HPV-58 (25/167; 14.97%), HPV-18 (18/167; 10.78%), HPV-33 (13/167; 7.19%), and HPV-68 (11/167; 6.59%). In addition, HPV-11 (2/132; 1.51%) and HPV-6 (1/132; 0.76%) also were observed in this study, which confirmed the high distribution of HR-HPV among women with HSIL and ICC. HPV-58; a unique high-risk HPV, is prevalent in a group of HSIL and ICC cases. These data also contribute evidence that HPV-16, -18, -58, -33, and -68 genotypes are high-risk and high distribution among women with HSIL and ICC. Therefore, HPV-58, HPV-33, and HPV-68 should be considered for development of the next vaccine generation in Thailand.     

Prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus infection in Harbin,Northeast China

This study aimed to investigate the overall prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among women examined at a hospital in Harbin and to evaluate the impact of HPV types on the natural outcome and state of cervical cytology. A total of 2,938 female outpatients from the affiliated hospital of Harbin Medical University were enrolled. Rapid hybridization gene chip and liquid-based cytology tests were used to detect HPV genotypes and cervical cytology. The overall prevalence of HPV in women who came to this hospital was 36.45 %. The majority were infected with a single strain, and the high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) type constituted the largest proportion. HPV16 and 58 were the most common types, while the genotypes of single low-risk HPV (LR-HPV) were not the same in different age groups. HPV53, 16 and 81 were the most common types in multiple HR-HPV infection; HR-HPV16, 33, 81 and LR-HPV 6, 44, 43 were the most common in HR and LR-HPV infection. In total, 44.1 % of the women with HSIL and 44.0 % with ASCUS were positive for HR-HPV16. Multiple HPV infections and single HPV infections had no effect on the natural outcome after half a year. HPV16, 81 and 35 had a better natural outcome, followed by HPV52 and 53, but HPV58, 59 and 18 had a bad outcome after half a year. This is the first study to show that the distribution of HPV types is different in Harbin than it is in other regions. These findings will provide guidance for the vaccination program in this area.     

Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in women in the Autonomous Region of Inner Mongolia: A population‐based study of a Chinese ethnic minority

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infectious pathogens. Persistent infection has been linked to cancer development, in particular to cervical cancer. This study aims to investigate the epidemiology of HPV infection in women in Inner Mongolia of China and to dissect the disparities between the Han and Mongolian ethnic populations. Cervical cell samples from 5655 women (17‐68 years old) were collected during routine gynecologic examination. HPV infection was established using the HPV GenoArray kit detecting 21 HPV genotypes. The overall HPV prevalence was 14.5%. HPV16 (5.0%), HPV58 (2.2%), and HPV52 (1.5%) are the most common genotypes. Of the 21 genotypes investigated, high‐risk HPV genotypes dominate in all age groups. HPV16 and HPV58 are the most common genotypes in patients with cervical lesions. HPV prevalence among Han women is 11.5% and the most common genotypes are HPV16 (4%) and HPV58 (2.1%). HPV prevalence is significantly higher in Mongolian women (32.6%), with the most common genotypes being HPV16 (10.7%), HPV31 (7.1%), and HPV52 (4.3%). The multiple infection rate in Mongolian participants (14.9%) is also higher than that of Han participants (4.3%). Urbanization, the number of sex partners, and PAP history appear as risk factors for HPV infection in Han, but not in Mongolian participants. HPV infection is highly prevalent in women in Inner Mongolia, China. HPV16 remains the most common genotype in this area. However, there are clear ethnical disparities in respect to the HPV epidemiology between the Han and Mongolian population.     

Epidemiology of human papillomavirus genotypes in pregnant Japanese women

To investigate the pre-vaccination epidemiology of genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and genotypes in pregnant Japanese women, we performed Pap smear tests and HPV genotype testing in patients attending Nagasaki University Hospital and collaborating hospitals from August 2007 to July 2010. Serial uterine cervical specimens were obtained from 151 pregnant women. The HPV test was positive on the first visit in 54 women (35.8%; 54/151, average age 30). A total of 49 women (32.5%; 49/151) were infected by at least one high-risk HPV and 5 women were infected by only low-risk HPV. The three most prevalent high-risk HPV genotypes were HPV 52 (31.5%; 17/54), HPV 16 (29.6%; 16/51) and HPV 31 (13.0%; 7/51). The HPV infection pattern (negative, single infection and multiple infection) differed significantly according to the pregnancy trimester (χ(2)-test; P<0.01(Pearson)). Among HPV-infected pregnant Japanese women, HPV52 was the most common genotype. The second most common genotype was HPV16, and these two genotypes accounted for ～60% of HPV-positive pregnant women. Infection with multiple HPV genotypes was observed more frequently in the first trimester of pregnancy and the pattern of infection changed significantly depending on pregnancy stage.     

Prevalence of human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, and 33 in a cohort of Greek women

To study HPV prevalence and HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, and 33 distribution in cervical smears in a cohort of Greek women. One thousand six hundred thirty-six samples were cytologically evaluated and molecularly analyzed, by PCR based assay. Abnormal cytology was identified in 997 women and 75.4% of them were HPV DNA positive, while 639 had normal cytology and 24.6% were HPV DNA positive. HPV was detected in 62.9% of 256 ASCUS smears, 89.3% of 516 LSIL, 86.7% of 60 HSIL and 47.3% of 165 with cervical carcinoma. Overall, HPV 11 was the most common type (13.4%), followed by 18 (10.3%), 6 (7.2%), 16 (6.4%), 31 (3.4%) and 33 (3.4%). Multiple infections with two (11.3%) or more types, primarily 11 and 18 (4.8%), were also identified. Low-risk types 11 and 6 were common in ASCUS (36.6% and 26.4%, respectively), and high-risk types 16 and 18 in HSIL (42.3% and 30.8%, respectively) and in cancer (51.3% and 41%, respectively). Multiple infections were detected in 2.2% of normal and 31.7% of HSIL. HPV prevalence was 75.4% in abnormal and 24.6% in normal cervical smears. HPV 16 and 18 were the most common types in cancer. Single infection with type 11 and multiple infections with 11 and 18 were more frequent.     

Human Papillomavirus Prevalence and Genotype Distribution among Turkish Women with or Without Cervical Lesion

Context: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main cause of cervical cancer, but the risk is associated with the various HPV genotypes which may be found in women with or without clinical findings. Aims: We aimed to identify HPV prevalence and genotype distribution in women with or without cervical lesions admitted to Gynaecology and Obstetrics Clinics of one of the largest private hospitals in Istanbul between 2013 and 2017. Subjects and Methods: In the present study, cervical cytobrush samples collected from 2464 women with different cytological conditions, and investigated for the presence of HPV, and the different genotypes. Results were evaluated based on the HPV positivity in different cytological findings, and ages. Furthermore, distribution of high-risk (HR) and low-risk (LR) genotypes in different groups was investigated. Results: Among all participants, 1925 (78.1%) was with the normal cytological condition, 354 (14.4%) with ASC-US; 151 (6.1%) with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), and 34 (1.4%) with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). Our results showed that 649 out of 2464 patients (26.3%) were positive, and 1815 (73.7%) were negative for the presence of HPV. Among 649 positive patients, 223 (34.3%) were found positive for more than one genotype. HPV 16 was found the most common HR-HPV type in ASC-US and LSIL whereas HPV 18 was the most common in HSIL. HPV 6 was found the most common LR-HPV type in ASC-US and LSIL whereas HPV 11 was the most common in HSIL. 26.9% of women <50 years old, and 22.3% of women ≥50 years old was positive for HPV. The most common HR-HPV genotype was 16 in both groups with (19%) or without (17%) abnormal cytology. Conclusions: We concluded that HPV prevalence and genotype distribution in women with or without clinical findings is an important predictor of cervical cancer.     

High prevalence of human papillomavirus type 58 in Mexican colposcopy patients.

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer of the women worldwide. Infection with some genotypes of human papillomavirus is the most important risk factor associated to cervical cancer. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and genotypes of papillomavirus in biopsies of women with squamous intraepithelial lesion and cervical cancer. STUDY DESIGN: Two hundred sequential patients of colposcopy clinic were studied. HPV diagnosis was done by polymerase chain reaction using MY09/MY11 primers, for genotyping line blot hybridization was used. RESULTS: A total of 186 women were beta globin positive; 104 (55.9%) had histology diagnosis of low-grade squamous intraepitelial lesions (LSIL), 67 (36.0%) high-grade squamous intraepitelial lesions (HSIL) and 15 (8.1%) invasive cervical cancer (IC). The prevalence of HPV was 56.4% (104/185); HPV 58 was founded in 28.5% of all positive women, HPV 16 in 25.7%, HPV 18 in 13.3%, HPV 33 in 11.4% and 31 in 8.5%. In all grades of the lesions HPV 58 was the most frequently. CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of HPV 58 among Mexican women with HSIL and IC, has important implications in prophylaxis.