桡骨远端骨折合并腕关节韧带损伤的关节镜观察

目的 介绍桡骨远端骨折时,腕关节韧带(舟月骨间韧带、月三角韧带和三角纤维软骨复合体)损伤的关节镜观察.方法 对27例桡骨远端骨折,采用腕关节镜辅助治疗,观察舟月骨间韧带、月三角韧带和三角纤维软骨复合体的损伤情况,通过Gsssler腕部韧带损伤等级分型方法和Palmer方法记录损伤级别.采用卡方检验,分析腕关节韧带损伤程度与骨折类型之间的关系.结果 27例腕关节镜下观察均出现舟月骨间韧带、月三角韧带损伤,损伤为Ⅰ～Ⅱ级;25例有三角纤维软骨复合体损伤,损伤大多为Ⅰa型;腕部韧带损伤的程度与骨折的分型无显著关系.结论 桡骨远端骨折时,腕部韧带损伤率较高,采用腕关节镜辅助治疗有利于准确发现腕部韧带的损伤.

Abstract：

Objective To report te incidence and extent of injuries of the scapholunate interosseous ligament (SLIL), lunotriquetral interosseous ligament (LTIL) and triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC)observed under wrist srthroscope during treatment of distal radius fractures.Methods Twenty-seven cases of distal radius fractures were treated with wrist arthroscopic assistance.Distal radius fractures were categorized using AO classification.Injuries of SLIL and LTIL were viewed and graded by Geissler's arthroscopic classification of carpal instability/intercarpal ligament injuries.TFCC lesions were recorded by Palmer's classification.Chi square statistical analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the extent of these ligament injuries and the types of distal radius fractures.Results All 27 cases had SLIL and LTIL injuries of grade Ⅰ to grade Ⅱ.25 cases had type Ⅰa TFCC lesions.There was no significant correlation between ligament injuries and the types of fractures.Conclusion There is a high incidence of ligament injury accompanying distal radius fractures.Wrist arthroscope assisted treatment of distal radius fractures can enhance the accurate detection of these carpal ligament injuries.     

桡骨远端骨折合并腕关节韧带损伤的关节镜观察

Objective To report te incidence and extent of injuries of the scapholunate interosseous ligament (SLIL), lunotriquetral interosseous ligament (LTIL) and triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC)observed under wrist srthroscope during treatment of distal radius fractures.Methods Twenty-seven cases of distal radius fractures were treated with wrist arthroscopic assistance.Distal radius fractures were categorized using AO classification.Injuries of SLIL and LTIL were viewed and graded by Geissler's arthroscopic classification of carpal instability/intercarpal ligament injuries.TFCC lesions were recorded by Palmer's classification.Chi square statistical analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the extent of these ligament injuries and the types of distal radius fractures.Results All 27 cases had SLIL and LTIL injuries of grade Ⅰ to grade Ⅱ.25 cases had type Ⅰa TFCC lesions.There was no significant correlation between ligament injuries and the types of fractures.Conclusion There is a high incidence of ligament injury accompanying distal radius fractures.Wrist arthroscope assisted treatment of distal radius fractures can enhance the accurate detection of these carpal ligament injuries.     

腕关节镜治疗桡骨远端关节内骨折

目的：探讨微创技术在桡骨远端骨折中的应用方法和疗效。方法：采用C臂X线机辅助腕关节镜,结合内外固定治疗桡骨远端经关节骨折患者11例。结果：术后随访6个月－2年,骨折愈合时间平均为7周,按改良的Lidstrom放射学评价标准评定：优7例,良2例,可1例,优良率为90％。结论：该微创手术具有骨折复位好、术后恢复快、功能好等优点,临床应用前景良好。     

腕关节镜辅助治疗桡骨远端Die-punch骨折

目的:评价腕关节镜辅助下切开复位治疗桡骨远端Die-punch骨折的疗效。方法:自2015年12月至2017年5月收治50例桡骨远端Die-punch骨折患者,其中男31例,女19例;年龄20~45(34.12±2.56)岁。全部患者采用腕关节镜辅助下经掌侧入路切开复位掌侧钢板内固定手术,比较治疗前后腕关节活动范围以及Cooney腕关节功能评分。结果:50例患者均获得随访,平均18个月。DR断层扫描显示骨折全部愈合,桡骨轴向无短缩。发生3例切口感染,经处理全部消失。患者术后18个月腕关节活动范围均明显大于术前(P<0.05)。术后18个月Cooney腕关节功能评分均高于术前(P<0.05);优33例,良13例,可3例,差1例。结论:腕关节镜辅助下切开复位治疗桡骨远端Die-punch骨折能较好的恢复关节面的平整,有利于快速促进腕关节功能恢复,安全性较高,值得推广。     

关节镜辅助治疗桡骨远端关节内骨折

目的 报告关节镜在桡骨远端关节内骨折复位固定中的辅助作用.方法 回顾2004-2007年间我院收治的12例桡骨远端骨折,在开放复位内固定术中应用关节镜进行腕关节内观察,检测关节面的对位情况,术后以放射学检查评估关节面的对位,并测量桡骨高度、掌倾角及桡偏角,随访临床腕关节功能恢复情况.结果 随访时间平均为24个月,12例桡骨远端关节内骨折术后均未出现关节面阶梯改变.X线片检查:桡骨高度平均为12 mm(7～15 mm),掌倾角平均为5°(1°～9°),桡偏角平均为20°(14°～28°).腕关节活动度:屈曲平均为33°(18°～42°),背伸平均为38°(21°～42°).6例活动时有轻微疼痛.根据Gartland和Werley的评估标准评定:优5例,良7例.结论 应用腕关节镜辅助治疗桡骨远端关节面骨折复位可避免关节面出现阶梯改变,最大程度地恢复关节的功能.     

关节镜辅助治疗桡骨远端关节内骨折

Objective To investigate the role of arthroscopy in the treatment of intra-articular distal radius fractures. Methods Twelve cases of intra-articular distal radius fractures treated from 2004 to 2007 were reviewed. In these cases, open reduction and internal fixation were performed with the assistance of wrist arthroscopy to observe the alignment of the articular surface. CT scan was obtained postoperatively to evaluate joint alignment, radial height, volar tilting and radial inclination. Recovery of the wrist function was also followed. Results The average postoperative follow up period was 24 months. None of the 12 cases was found to have any "step" appearance of the articular surface of the wrist. X-ray measurement showed radial height averaged 12 mm (7 to 15 mm), volar tilting averaged 5° (1° to9°) and radial inclination averaged 20 °(14° to28°). Range of motion of the wrist joint achieved 33° of flexion on average ( 18° to 42°) and 38° of extension on average (21° to 42°). Six cases had mild pain during motion. According to Gartland / Werley' s criteria, the result was excellent in 5 eases and good in 7. Conclusion Arthroscope-assisted treatment of intra-articular distal radius fractures can avoid "step" appearance of the articular surface of the wrist, thus achieve maximal functional recovery of the wrist.     

关节镜辅助治疗桡骨远端关节内骨折

Objective To investigate the role of arthroscopy in the treatment of intra-articular distal radius fractures. Methods Twelve cases of intra-articular distal radius fractures treated from 2004 to 2007 were reviewed. In these cases, open reduction and internal fixation were performed with the assistance of wrist arthroscopy to observe the alignment of the articular surface. CT scan was obtained postoperatively to evaluate joint alignment, radial height, volar tilting and radial inclination. Recovery of the wrist function was also followed. Results The average postoperative follow up period was 24 months. None of the 12 cases was found to have any "step" appearance of the articular surface of the wrist. X-ray measurement showed radial height averaged 12 mm (7 to 15 mm), volar tilting averaged 5° (1° to9°) and radial inclination averaged 20 °(14° to28°). Range of motion of the wrist joint achieved 33° of flexion on average ( 18° to 42°) and 38° of extension on average (21° to 42°). Six cases had mild pain during motion. According to Gartland / Werley' s criteria, the result was excellent in 5 eases and good in 7. Conclusion Arthroscope-assisted treatment of intra-articular distal radius fractures can avoid "step" appearance of the articular surface of the wrist, thus achieve maximal functional recovery of the wrist.     

关节镜辅助治疗桡骨远端关节内骨折

Objective To investigate the role of arthroscopy in the treatment of intra-articular distal radius fractures. Methods Twelve cases of intra-articular distal radius fractures treated from 2004 to 2007 were reviewed. In these cases, open reduction and internal fixation were performed with the assistance of wrist arthroscopy to observe the alignment of the articular surface. CT scan was obtained postoperatively to evaluate joint alignment, radial height, volar tilting and radial inclination. Recovery of the wrist function was also followed. Results The average postoperative follow up period was 24 months. None of the 12 cases was found to have any "step" appearance of the articular surface of the wrist. X-ray measurement showed radial height averaged 12 mm (7 to 15 mm), volar tilting averaged 5° (1° to9°) and radial inclination averaged 20 °(14° to28°). Range of motion of the wrist joint achieved 33° of flexion on average ( 18° to 42°) and 38° of extension on average (21° to 42°). Six cases had mild pain during motion. According to Gartland / Werley' s criteria, the result was excellent in 5 eases and good in 7. Conclusion Arthroscope-assisted treatment of intra-articular distal radius fractures can avoid "step" appearance of the articular surface of the wrist, thus achieve maximal functional recovery of the wrist.     

关节镜辅助治疗桡骨远端关节内骨折

Objective To investigate the role of arthroscopy in the treatment of intra-articular distal radius fractures. Methods Twelve cases of intra-articular distal radius fractures treated from 2004 to 2007 were reviewed. In these cases, open reduction and internal fixation were performed with the assistance of wrist arthroscopy to observe the alignment of the articular surface. CT scan was obtained postoperatively to evaluate joint alignment, radial height, volar tilting and radial inclination. Recovery of the wrist function was also followed. Results The average postoperative follow up period was 24 months. None of the 12 cases was found to have any "step" appearance of the articular surface of the wrist. X-ray measurement showed radial height averaged 12 mm (7 to 15 mm), volar tilting averaged 5° (1° to9°) and radial inclination averaged 20 °(14° to28°). Range of motion of the wrist joint achieved 33° of flexion on average ( 18° to 42°) and 38° of extension on average (21° to 42°). Six cases had mild pain during motion. According to Gartland / Werley' s criteria, the result was excellent in 5 eases and good in 7. Conclusion Arthroscope-assisted treatment of intra-articular distal radius fractures can avoid "step" appearance of the articular surface of the wrist, thus achieve maximal functional recovery of the wrist.     

关节镜辅助治疗桡骨远端关节内骨折

Objective To investigate the role of arthroscopy in the treatment of intra-articular distal radius fractures. Methods Twelve cases of intra-articular distal radius fractures treated from 2004 to 2007 were reviewed. In these cases, open reduction and internal fixation were performed with the assistance of wrist arthroscopy to observe the alignment of the articular surface. CT scan was obtained postoperatively to evaluate joint alignment, radial height, volar tilting and radial inclination. Recovery of the wrist function was also followed. Results The average postoperative follow up period was 24 months. None of the 12 cases was found to have any "step" appearance of the articular surface of the wrist. X-ray measurement showed radial height averaged 12 mm (7 to 15 mm), volar tilting averaged 5° (1° to9°) and radial inclination averaged 20 °(14° to28°). Range of motion of the wrist joint achieved 33° of flexion on average ( 18° to 42°) and 38° of extension on average (21° to 42°). Six cases had mild pain during motion. According to Gartland / Werley' s criteria, the result was excellent in 5 eases and good in 7. Conclusion Arthroscope-assisted treatment of intra-articular distal radius fractures can avoid "step" appearance of the articular surface of the wrist, thus achieve maximal functional recovery of the wrist.     

桡骨远端骨折腕关节MRI和疗效评估的临床研究

目的 探讨桡骨远端骨折疗效欠佳的原因，及其与骨折伴发的软组织损伤的关系。方法 对65例桡骨远端骨折内固定物取出术后，经平均1．8年随访的患者，选择其中20例（评分为良4例，可11例，差5例）进行腕关节MRI检查，观察关节软骨和腕尺侧三角纤维软骨（triangularfibro cartilage，TFC）的损伤情况。结果 MRI检查发现，9例有明显的TFC损伤（占45％，其中评分为良1例，可3例，差5例）。8例有桡骨远端关节软骨的损伤（40％，评分为可3例，差5例）。结论 TFC损伤和创伤性关节炎可能是影响桡骨远端骨折疗效，造成术后腕部慢性疼痛的主要原因。     

桡骨远端骨折致月骨损伤的MRI表现

目的通过分析桡骨远端骨折合并腕骨损伤的MRI表现,证明桡骨撞击可以导致月骨损伤。方法自1997年3月至6月收治急症初诊桡骨远端骨折患者46例,男16,女30例;年龄28～62岁,平均48.2岁。确诊后均采取保守治疗,复位纠正阳性尺骨变异,尺骨变异范围要求达到1.5mm以内。骨折按MayoClinic分型：Ⅰ型18例（39%）、Ⅱ型14例（30%）、Ⅲ型9例（20%）、Ⅳ型5例（11%）。拍摄腕部正位及侧位X线片,用投影线技术测量尺骨变异。行CT检查排除月骨和三角骨微骨折、囊性变和先天发育不良。行MR检查观察月骨损伤和损伤信号出现的位置。结果MRI出现月骨损伤信号42例（91%）,Ⅰ型15例（15/18,83%）、Ⅱ型13例（13/14,93%）、Ⅲ型9例（9/9,100%）、Ⅳ型5例（5/5,100%）。损伤信号单纯位于月骨尺侧近端35例（占月骨损伤信号的83%）,单纯位于月骨中部5例（12%）,月骨中部和尺侧近端同时出现损伤信号2例（5%）。月骨中部出现损伤信号的7例患者中5例为MayoClinicⅢ型桡骨远端骨折,MayoClinic骨折类型与月骨中部损伤信号的出现率有相关性（Χ^2=19.475,P=0.000,r=0.545）。三角骨中心出现损伤信号2例,与月骨相关节的桡骨区出现不同程度的损伤信号。结论桡骨远端骨折导致的月骨损伤,其MRI上月骨损伤信号位于不同部位,从力学角度分析月骨中部的损伤信号应为桡骨撞击所致。     

高能量创伤性桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的治疗

目的 回顾分析闭合复位、单侧外固定器跨腕关节静力性固定治疗高能量创伤性桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的疗效．方法 2000年6月～2003年6月，20例(24处)桡骨远端粉碎性骨折患者，男16例，女4例；年龄15～48岁．平均33．4岁；左侧12例，右侧4例．双侧4例，骨折分型均为FrykmanⅧ型或AO C3型。采用手法或外固定器协助复位．外固定器静力性固定。骨折愈合时间6～8周，平均7．4周。骨折愈合后拆除外固定器，行腕关节屈伸、桡偏、尺偏及前臂旋前、旋后等功能锻炼。结果 加例患者均获得随访．随访时间6～42个月．平均16个月。末次随访时，桡骨远端位置的影像学评估(Stewart改良的Sarmiento评分）：优17例(21处)．良3例(3处)；腕关节功能评分(Gartland-WerIey功能评分)：优13例(16处)．良5例(6处)，可2例(2处)．2例2处出现针道表浅感染，经口服抗生素及局部换药后好转；5例(7处)骨折复位后干骺端出现明显的骨缺损，来经任何处理．骨折愈合时骨缺损消失。无一例出现骨性针道感染、松动、医原性骨折及桡神经浅支损伤等并发症。结论 闭合复位、单侧外固定器跨腕关节静力性固定是治疗高能量创伤性桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的有欢方法，无须植骨，通过选择合适的外固定针置入部位．可以减少并发症的发生．有利于术后早期进行手部功能锻炼．     

桡骨远端骨折的处理原则

<正>桡骨远端骨折在临床上较常见,发生率约为人群的125/10 000,多见于中老年患者,常由摔倒等低能量损伤导致;年轻患者可由高能量损伤引起,可合并周围软组织的损伤;老年患者中女性多见,17%的超过50岁的女性会发生桡骨远端骨折,约为男性的4倍,主要和女     

关节镜辅助治疗桡骨远端关节内骨折

Objective To investigate the role of arthroscopy in the treatment of intra-articular distal radius fractures. Methods Twelve cases of intra-articular distal radius fractures treated from 2004 to 2007 were reviewed. In these cases, open reduction and internal fixation were performed with the assistance of wrist arthroscopy to observe the alignment of the articular surface. CT scan was obtained postoperatively to evaluate joint alignment, radial height, volar tilting and radial inclination. Recovery of the wrist function was also followed. Results The average postoperative follow up period was 24 months. None of the 12 cases was found to have any "step" appearance of the articular surface of the wrist. X-ray measurement showed radial height averaged 12 mm (7 to 15 mm), volar tilting averaged 5° (1° to9°) and radial inclination averaged 20 °(14° to28°). Range of motion of the wrist joint achieved 33° of flexion on average ( 18° to 42°) and 38° of extension on average (21° to 42°). Six cases had mild pain during motion. According to Gartland / Werley' s criteria, the result was excellent in 5 eases and good in 7. Conclusion Arthroscope-assisted treatment of intra-articular distal radius fractures can avoid "step" appearance of the articular surface of the wrist, thus achieve maximal functional recovery of the wrist.