指根部远近端蒂岛状皮瓣修复相邻两指指端缺损

Objective To introduce a new surgical procedure for repairing fingertip defects of two neighboring fingertips.Methods Seven cases of fingertip defects of two neighboring fingers were treated by transferring a proximal and a distal island flap harvested from the base of one of the involved fingers.The distal flap was transferred to repair defect of the same finger,while the proximal one was transferred to repair defect of the neighboring finger.There were defects of the index and middle fingers in 2 cases,defects of the middle and ring fingers in 4 cases,and defects of the ring and little fingers in 1 case.Finger pulp defect occurredins 8 digits,soft tissue defect distal to middle phalanx in 4 digits,and defect of ringer stump in 2 cases.Exoosure of the tendon,nerve or bone was seen in all cases.The size of the proximal flaps ranged from 1.2cm× 1.5 cm to 2.3 cm×1.5cm,while the size of distal flaps ranged from 1.0cm×1.0 cm to 1.5cm×1.0cm. Results All 14 flaps in the 7 cases survived completdy.One patient underwent secondary correction of crooked nail 6months after the fkap surgery.Postoperative follow-up rangea from 6 months to 18 months.All repaired fingers had satisfactory appearance and texture.Two-point discrimination was 8 to 12 mm.The good and excellent rate of finger function recovery was 95.7%according to the provisional functional assessment criterion for upper limbs issued by the Chinese Hand Surgery Society. Condusion The flap design of this procedure is based on the anatomical characteristics of communicating branches of the digital artery at the base of the finger.Two flaps from the base of the same finger are harvested to make full use of the harvestable area of the donor finger,and avoid damage to another finger.This procedure expands the applicable indications of finger base island flaps and is an ideal method to repair defects of neighboring fingers.     

改良第二掌背动脉皮瓣修复示中指中末节套脱伤

Objective To investigate the operative procedure and the clinical results of the modified reversed island flap based on the second dorsal metacarpal artery (SDMA) for repairing index or long finger degloving defects.Methods From May 2004 to January 2010, circumferential soft tissue defect in the middle and distal phalanx of the index or long fingers in 17 patients were repaired by the modified reversed island flaps based on SDMA.The dorsal digital nerve in the flap was coapted to the severed proper digital nerve.The area of the flaps ranged from 2.5 cm × 5.6 cm to 5.0 cm × 6.5 cm.The donor sites were closed by skin graft.Results Postoperatively blister and necrosis of the distal flap occurred in 2 cases which was cured by dressing change.All the other flaps survived uneventfully.Primary healing of the flaps and donor sites was achieved.All 17 patients were follow-up for 4 to 27 months with an average of 15.3 months.The flaps were pliable, full but not bulky.Two-point discrimination was 7 to 11 mm (mean 8.6 mm).Hand function as judged by the total active range of motion of the fingers was excellent in 8 fingers, good in 7 fingers and fair in 2 fingers.The satisfactory rate was 88.2%.Conclusion Modified SDMA reversed island flap transfer with dorsal digital nerve coaptation is an ideal procedure to repair index or long finger degloving injuries.The area of the harvested flap is large enough to cover the circumferential soft tissue defect in the middle and distal phalanx.The surgery is safe due to the reliable flap circulation.     

改良第二掌背动脉皮瓣修复示中指中末节套脱伤

Objective To investigate the operative procedure and the clinical results of the modified reversed island flap based on the second dorsal metacarpal artery (SDMA) for repairing index or long finger degloving defects.Methods From May 2004 to January 2010, circumferential soft tissue defect in the middle and distal phalanx of the index or long fingers in 17 patients were repaired by the modified reversed island flaps based on SDMA.The dorsal digital nerve in the flap was coapted to the severed proper digital nerve.The area of the flaps ranged from 2.5 cm × 5.6 cm to 5.0 cm × 6.5 cm.The donor sites were closed by skin graft.Results Postoperatively blister and necrosis of the distal flap occurred in 2 cases which was cured by dressing change.All the other flaps survived uneventfully.Primary healing of the flaps and donor sites was achieved.All 17 patients were follow-up for 4 to 27 months with an average of 15.3 months.The flaps were pliable, full but not bulky.Two-point discrimination was 7 to 11 mm (mean 8.6 mm).Hand function as judged by the total active range of motion of the fingers was excellent in 8 fingers, good in 7 fingers and fair in 2 fingers.The satisfactory rate was 88.2%.Conclusion Modified SDMA reversed island flap transfer with dorsal digital nerve coaptation is an ideal procedure to repair index or long finger degloving injuries.The area of the harvested flap is large enough to cover the circumferential soft tissue defect in the middle and distal phalanx.The surgery is safe due to the reliable flap circulation.     

逆行桡侧小鱼际皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of reverse radial hypothenar flap for finger soft tissue defect. Methods From Mar. 2006 to Mar. 2010, 13 cases (14fingers) with finger soft tissue defects were treated with reverse radial hypothenar flaps pedicled with ulnar palmar digital artery of little finger. The defects were 1.9 cm× 1. 5cm -4. 0 cm× 2. 0 cm in size. The flap size ranged from 1.5cm× 2.0 cm to 4. 0 cm × 2. 0 cm. Results All the flaps survived completely with primary healing both in donor and recipient area. 12 cases(13 fingers)were followed up for 1-3 years. The flaps color was similar to the unaffected fingers. Cicatricial contracture happened in one case due to contracture of palmar fascia.The two-point discrimination distance on flap was 3.2-5. 3mm. The active and passive movement of finger joints was evaluated as excellent in 12 fingers, good in one finger. There was no complaint about the feeling at the donor site. Two months after operation, all patients could go back to work. Conclusions The reverse radial hypothenar flap is very suitable for finger soft tissue defect with less morbidity to donor site.     

逆行桡侧小鱼际皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of reverse radial hypothenar flap for finger soft tissue defect. Methods From Mar. 2006 to Mar. 2010, 13 cases (14fingers) with finger soft tissue defects were treated with reverse radial hypothenar flaps pedicled with ulnar palmar digital artery of little finger. The defects were 1.9 cm× 1. 5cm -4. 0 cm× 2. 0 cm in size. The flap size ranged from 1.5cm× 2.0 cm to 4. 0 cm × 2. 0 cm. Results All the flaps survived completely with primary healing both in donor and recipient area. 12 cases(13 fingers)were followed up for 1-3 years. The flaps color was similar to the unaffected fingers. Cicatricial contracture happened in one case due to contracture of palmar fascia.The two-point discrimination distance on flap was 3.2-5. 3mm. The active and passive movement of finger joints was evaluated as excellent in 12 fingers, good in one finger. There was no complaint about the feeling at the donor site. Two months after operation, all patients could go back to work. Conclusions The reverse radial hypothenar flap is very suitable for finger soft tissue defect with less morbidity to donor site.     

双干型静脉皮瓣在撕脱性断指再植中的应用

Objective To report the application and results of venous flap with double vein trunks in replantation of degloved fingers.Methods From March 2007 to June 2009, 6 cases of soft tissue defect in the degloved finger were replanted with venous flap with double vein trunks.The interval between injury and operation was 30 minutes to 8 hours.All fingers were replanted by arterialized free venous flap from the ipsilateral forearm with double vein trunks.The flap was 1.8 cm×1.8 cm to 2.2 cm× 5.8 cm in size.The donor site was directly closed.Results Primary wound healing was observed in all 6 cases postoperatively.All the replanted fingers survived completely.In 5 cases the venous flaps survived uneventfully.In 1 case there was partial superficial necrosis of the flap which healed with conservative management.Postoperative follow-up ranged from 6 to 24 months.The flaps and fingers had good circulation, good texture and color match.According to the criteria for functional assessment of amputated finger issued by the Chinese Hand Surgery Society, the results were graded as excellent in4cases, goodin 1 case, andfairin 1 case.Theoverall excellent rate was 82.5%.Conclusion Replantation of degloved finger with fransfer of venous flap with double vein trunks is capable of repairing pulp soft tissue defect and maximizing the restoration of finger appearance and function.     

双干型静脉皮瓣在撕脱性断指再植中的应用

Objective To report the application and results of venous flap with double vein trunks in replantation of degloved fingers.Methods From March 2007 to June 2009, 6 cases of soft tissue defect in the degloved finger were replanted with venous flap with double vein trunks.The interval between injury and operation was 30 minutes to 8 hours.All fingers were replanted by arterialized free venous flap from the ipsilateral forearm with double vein trunks.The flap was 1.8 cm×1.8 cm to 2.2 cm× 5.8 cm in size.The donor site was directly closed.Results Primary wound healing was observed in all 6 cases postoperatively.All the replanted fingers survived completely.In 5 cases the venous flaps survived uneventfully.In 1 case there was partial superficial necrosis of the flap which healed with conservative management.Postoperative follow-up ranged from 6 to 24 months.The flaps and fingers had good circulation, good texture and color match.According to the criteria for functional assessment of amputated finger issued by the Chinese Hand Surgery Society, the results were graded as excellent in4cases, goodin 1 case, andfairin 1 case.Theoverall excellent rate was 82.5%.Conclusion Replantation of degloved finger with fransfer of venous flap with double vein trunks is capable of repairing pulp soft tissue defect and maximizing the restoration of finger appearance and function.     

Reconstruction of finger pulp defect with reversed fasciocutaneous island flap from same finger

Objective:To investigate the clinical curative effect of reconstruction of finger pulp defect by anastomosis of reversed fasciocutaneous island flap with dorsal branch of the digital nerve of the same finger. Methods: The restoration of finger pulp defect with fasciocutaneous island flap from the same finger was conducted in 25 cases (30 fingers) from January 2002 to June 2003. Nine patients (11 fingers) whose flaps with dorsal branch of the digital nerve anastomosed with the digital inherent nerve around the surface of the wound were Group A and the others were Group B. The follow-up was carried out at 3 and 9 months after the operation to observe the shape of finger pulp and the sense restoration between two groups. Results: All flaps of 25 cases (30 fingers) survived. Three months after operation, the patients had fully grown finger pulps and recovered the superficial sensation and tactile sense of finger pulps. The two point discrimination on average was 5. 00 mm±0. 23 mm in Group A and 6.00 mm±0.30 mm in Group B. The difference between two groups was highly significant. Nine months later, their senses of finger pulps between two groups were recovered basically. Conclusions: The reversed fasciocutaneous island flap from the same finger is the first choice to reconstruct the finger pulp defect, and the anastomosis of dorsal branch of the digital nerve shall be determined according to the specific condition.     

利用一个足趾游离移植同时修复两个手指组织缺损

目的 探讨利用一个足趾游离移植同时修复两个手指组织缺损的临床效果.方法 采用同一个足趾两个部分游离移植,同时修复两个手指关节复合组织或手指缺损,临床应用4例8指,其中2例用第二足趾的末节再造示指的末节或指尖,同时用第二足趾的近趾间关节组织块修复中指的近指间关节组织缺损;1例用第二足趾的远趾间关节和近趾间关节组织块同时再造示、中指的近指间关节:1例用第二足趾的近趾间关节和跖趾关节组织块同时再造示、中指的掌指关节.结果 术后再造组织全部成活,随访2～46个月,手部的功能外观满意,关节活动良好,无疼痛,按中华医学会手外科学会拇手指再造功能评定试用标准评定,有2指为优,5指为良,1指为可.结论 对于同时合并两个手指的末节、指间关节或掌指关节缺损的病例,本手术是一种较好的修复方法.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the outcome of the finger reconstruction using one toe transfer to repair the tissue defects of two fingers at the same time. Methods Two fingers joint tissue missing and finger defect of 8 fingers in 4 cases were reconstructed with dissociative transplants harvested from two parts of the same toe at the same time.Using the paratelum of the second toes reconstructed the indicis paratelum or finger tip,and using the proximal interphalangeal joint of the second toes repaired the proximal interphalangeal joint's tissue defects of the middle finger at the same time in 2 cases.Using the distal interphalangeal joint and the proximal interphalangeal joint of one second toe reconstructed the proximal interpha langeal joints of the index finger and the middle finger in 1 case.Using the proximal interphalangeal joint and the metatarsophalangeal joint of one second toe reconstructed the metacarpophalangeal joints of the index finger and the middle finger in 1 case. Results All the transplants survived.The patients were followed-up from 2 months to 46 months postoperatively.The function and shape of 2 resconstruction fingers were excellent as assessed with Criterion on Functional Evaluation on Finger Reconstruction issued by Chinese Society of Hand Surgery.Five resconstruction fingers were good.One resconstruction finger was fire. Conclusion For some appropriate cases with the tissue defects of 2 fingers such as the finger's paratelum,the interphalangeal joint or the metacarpophalangeal joint,this operated technique was a good method.     

缝合神经的指固有动脉背支血管链皮瓣修复指远端皮肤缺损

目的 探讨缝合神经的指固有动脉背支血管链皮瓣修复指远端皮肤缺损的疗效.方法 2008年12月至2009年11月,对24例26指指远端皮肤缺损患者,以指固有动脉背侧支形成的血管链为血供,于近节指体侧方设计皮瓣,皮瓣轴线为指体侧方中线,皮瓣蒂宽0.8～1.0cm,皮瓣转折点为中节指体中远端,逆行转移修复指远端皮肤缺损,皮瓣携带指固有神经背侧支或指背神经与创面指神经断端进行缝合修复,重建手指感觉.结果 术后26指皮瓣均存活.随访时间为6～8个月,皮瓣外形理想,质地良好,感觉恢复优良,两点分辨觉为4～8 mm,患指指间关节平均活动度恢复优良.结论 采用缝合神经的指固有动脉背支血管链皮瓣修复指远端皮肤缺损,操作简单,血供可靠,不牺牲指固有动脉、神经,供区损伤小,术后并发症少,并能重建感觉,是一种理想的手术修复方法.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the effect of using proper digital artery lateral cutaneous branch-chain flap with dorsal digital nerves or dorsal branch of proper digital nerye for repairing of fingertip defect.Methods From December 2008 to November 2009, 24 cases (26 digits) of fingertip defect were treated with proper digital artery lateral cutaneous branch-chain flap.The flap was designed on the lateral side of the proximal phalanx of the injured finger with its long axis running on the lateral midline of the finger.The vascular pedicle was 0.8 to 1.0 cm wide.The pivot point was at the distal 1/3 of the middle phalanx upon which the flap was reversed to repair the defect of the fingertip.The dorsal digital nerve or dorsal branch of proper digital nerve was included in the flap and coapted with the nerve in the wound to reconstruct sensation of the injured finger.Results All 26 flaps survived.Postoperative follow-up period was 6 to 8 months.All these flaps recovered with satisfying and quality, excellent sensation with 4 to 8 mm two-point discrimination.ROM of the interphalangeal joint of the injured finger was good.Conclusion Proper digital artery lateral cutaneous branchchain flap transfer with nerve coaptation is an ideal method for repairing fingertip defect.The surgery is simple.Reliable blood supply can be achieved without sacrificing the proper digital artery.Coaptation of the nerve restores sensation at the fingertip.There is minor donor site damage and very few complications.     

膝关节后交叉韧带断裂治疗临床分析

目的 对35例膝关节后交叉韧带断裂治疗进行临床分析,重点探讨了有关交叉韧带断裂的治疗问题。方法 经明确诊断后,分析采用胫骨附着处撕脱骨折复位固定手术治疗26例、早期髌韧带中1／3移植重建3例、单纯长腿石膏固定6例。结果 本组病例全部进行随访,随访时间13个月－5年,胫骨附着处撕脱骨折复位固定及髋韧带中1／3移植重建29例为优良、单纯长腿石膏固定6例为差。结论 后交叉韧带断裂后应该及时给予手术修复;膝后外侧手术入路,操作简单,暴露充分;少于3个月的陈旧性病例仍适应手术治疗。     

不同方法重建指尖离断静脉回流的疗效分析

目的：探讨不同方法重建指尖离断静脉回流的疗效。方法：2008年3月-2013年2月收治指尖离断患者80例,38例吻合指侧方静脉重建回流,术中吻合动静脉比例1：1或1：2或2：2,平均1：2;22例吻合指腹静脉重建回流,术中吻合动静脉比例1：1;20例未吻合静脉,术中仅吻合1条动脉,行侧切口或甲床放血。观察各组治疗效果。结果：吻合指侧方静脉组手指全部成活,无一例发生回流障碍;吻合指腹静脉组19例发生静脉危象,其中4例手指坏死;未吻合静脉组20例均发生回流障碍,其中6例手指坏死。58例获随访,随访时间6~28个月。吻合指侧方静脉组32例,指尖外形佳、指腹饱满;吻合指腹静脉组14例,指体轻度萎缩,指甲生长不平整;未吻合静脉组12例,指体萎缩明显。吻合指侧方静脉组指甲生长近平整,长度长于其他两组[（14.4±3.2）mm比（12.5±2.3）mm和（12.2±2.2）mm],远侧指间关节活动度大于其他两组[（63±5）°比（48±3）°和（45±7）°],两点分辨觉小于其他两组[（4.6±0.4）mm比（7.1±1.2）mm和（7.3±0.6）mm],感觉级别高于其他两组[S（3.45±0.39）级比S（2.57±0.42）级和S（2.55±0.49）级],差异均具有显著性（P〈0.05）。吻合指腹静脉组和未吻合静脉组在指甲长度、运动和感觉方面差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：吻合指侧方静脉能有效解决指尖再植静脉回流问题,可避免回流障碍,成活率高,促进指甲生长,可恢复 DIPJ 活动度及感觉。     

胫骨干骨折的手术治疗对策

目的：明确不同固定器械在胫骨干不同骨折类型固定中的特点，以指导临床应用。方法：68例胫骨干骨折，行加压钢板螺钉、交锁髓内钉、单侧外固定架固定后，作临床疗效分析。结果：加压钢板固定组42例，感染5例，骨不连1例，平均愈合时间3．8个月；交锁髓内钉固定组13例，无感染及骨不连，平均愈合时间5．4个月；单侧外固定架组13例，骨不连1例，踝关节背伸受限3例，平均愈合时间4．5个月。结论：胫骨骨折交锁髓内钉固定并发症少，功能恢复好，适用范围广，但要注意及时进行动力加压。加压钢板及外固定架固定应选择各自的最佳适应证，以达到理想的疗效。