紫菜多糖与天青Ⅰ异染作用的研究

研究了紫菜多糖天青１的异染作用,发现紫菜多糖具有 粘多糖的典型特点,能与天青１发生异染作用。与肝不比较,紫菜多糖与天青１所生成的异染化合物吸峰的波长较长,在５３０ｎｍ,并且稳定性也相较差。     

紫菜多糖的免疫功能增强作用

目的探讨紫菜多糖对免疫功能低下小鼠的保护作用。方法小鼠腹腔注射不同剂量(0.025,0.050和0.150g.kg-1)的紫菜多糖,每日1次,连续7d,并在给予紫菜多糖的第1d,2d同时注射环磷酰胺造成免疫功能低下模型,第8d检测小鼠的NK细胞细胞毒活性,以及脾细胞分泌IFN-γ和NO的水平。结果0.150g.kg-1紫菜多糖组小鼠的NK细胞毒活性、脾细胞分泌IFN-γ及NO的水平均高于模型组。结论紫菜多糖具有一定的免疫功能增强作用。     

花刺参酸性粘多糖的分离研究

花刺参体壁经碱解、不同浓度的酒精沉淀氯化脱色及乙酸钾纯化,分别得花刺参酸性粘多糖SⅥ及SⅦ。2种多糖均显示电泳纯,超离心分析SⅥ S_(20w)=3.09,SⅦ S_(20w)=2.12;与碱性染料天青工异染反应,SⅥ和SⅦ的异染峰分别位移于514nm及507nm;SⅥ分子是由氨基半乳糖、葡萄糖醛酸、岩藻糖及硫酸基组成,其分子比值为1:1.21:1.29:4.62;SⅦ分子是由岩藻糖及硫酸基组成,其分子比值为1:0.99。而刺参粘多糖(Sjamp)的超离心分析S 20w=2.12。与碱性染料天青Ⅰ异染峰为515nm,Sjamp分子也是由氨基半乳糖,葡萄糖醛酸、岩藻糖及硫酸基组成,其分子比值为1:1.11:1.20:487。     

紫菜多糖对免疫低功小鼠脾细胞功能的影响

目的探讨紫菜多糖对免疫低功小鼠脾细胞功能的影响。方法小鼠腹腔注射不同剂量(0.025,0.050和0.150g·kg-1)的紫菜多糖,每日1次,连续7d,并在给予紫菜多糖的第1天和第2天同时注射环磷酰胺造成免疫功能低下模型,第8天检测小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增殖及TNF的生物学活性。结果0.150g·kg-1紫菜多糖组小鼠的淋巴细胞增殖能力及TNF的细胞毒活性均高于模型组。结论适宜浓度的紫菜多糖能够促进淋巴细胞增殖,提高TNF的产生。     

紫菜多糖对急性酒精灌胃小鼠胃组织SOD、GSH-Px的影响

目的 观察紫菜多糖对急性酒精灌胃小鼠胃组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的影响,探讨其保护胃黏膜免受损伤的机制.方法 将小鼠分为生理盐水组、模型组和低、中、高剂量紫菜多糖组.制作急性酒精性胃黏膜损伤模型,测定小鼠胃溃疡指数及胃组织SOD、GSH-Px.结果 高、中、低剂量紫菜多糖组小鼠胃溃疡指数均低于模型组,高、中剂量紫菜多糖组小鼠胃组织SOD、GSH-Px高于模型组并呈一定剂量依赖性(P<0.05,P<0.01).结论紫菜多糖可通过提高急性酒精灌小鼠组织SOD、GSH-Px保护胃黏膜免受损伤.     

坛紫菜多糖对脾细胞活性的影响

目的：坛紫菜多糖分级组分F1、F2和F3是从坛紫菜中通过热水提取及DEAE-纤维素层析得到的3个多糖组分。本文研究了坛紫菜多糖组分对大鼠脾细胞活性的影响。方法：采用噻唑蓝(MTT)比色方法研究坛紫菜多糖组分对大鼠脾细胞活性的影响。结果：Fl和F2对脾细胞的活性具有明显的抑制作用，F3对脾细胞活性也有一定的抑制作用。而且3种多糖组分能够显著抑制紫外线损伤的脾细胞的活性。结论：坛紫菜多糖对免疫细胞的活性具有明显的抑制作用，可能是一种潜在的免疫抑制剂。     

紫菜多糖Fe(Ⅲ)配合物的制备及其理化性质

目的：从紫菜中提中提取多糖,然后与Fe(Ⅲ）合成一种新型的营养补铁剂。方法：合成紫菜多糖Fe(Ⅲ）配合物（PTC）,并测定其相应的理化性质。结果：PTC的水溶液中不存在游离的Fe(Ⅲ）,表明Fe(Ⅲ）与紫菜多糖形成了稳定的配合物,PTC在PH7．34的生理盐水中不沉、不水解;动力学实验表明PTC中的Fe(Ⅲ）易被还原。红外外充谱分析,PTC是以β-(FeOOH)n为微核,紫菜多糖在核表面形成化合物。结论：PTC有望成为较好生物利用度的营养型补铁剂。     

紫菜多糖Fe(Ⅲ)配合物的生物利用度初步研究

目的：本文对新型营养型补铁剂紫菜多糖Fe(Ⅲ）配合物的生物利用度进行了初步研究。方法：紫菜多糖Fe(Ⅲ）配合物能溶于水且水溶液呈中性，在pH值3－12范围内测定此配合物的水解情况及没有沉淀出现，可望有较好的生物利用度。结果：在37℃和模拟体液中，测定紫菜多糖Fe(Ⅲ)配合物的动力学实验，此配合物的Fe(Ⅲ)能够被还原剂抗坏血酸还原成Fe(Ⅱ），说明该配合物能被食物中的还原剂还原，尔后被体内吸收。紫菜多糖Fe（Ⅲ）配合物的溶出性能研究表明，此配合物中的Fe(Ⅲ）6h基本溶出。结论：紫菜多糖Fe(Ⅲ）配合物生物利用度初步研究，表明紫菜多糖Fe(Ⅲ)配合物在人体内维持较高浓度时间，有利于机体的吸收。     

8-异前列腺素F2α在羊水粪染预后的评价作用

目的探讨8-异前列腺素F2α在羊水粪染预后中的作用。方法抽取2006年2月-2007年12月在我院分娩过程中出现羊水粪染新生儿100例及同期出生羊水清亮新生儿30例脐血行8-异前列腺素F2α测定。结果中、重度羊水粪染新生儿脐血8-异前列腺素F2α浓度显著高于正常新生儿组,提示羊水粪染程度越重,8-异前列腺素F2α浓度越高,8-异前列腺素F2仅浓度与羊水粪染出现的时间有关。结论羊水粪染存在8-异前列腺素F2仪浓度升高,提示脐血8-异前列腺素F2α测定可作为羊水粪染新生儿预后早期预报的一个指标。     

不同相对分子质量坛紫菜多糖抗疲劳作用的实验研究

（1. ［摘要］目的研究不同相对分子质量的坛紫菜多糖（P1、P2、P3）和原料多糖（P）的抗疲劳作用。方法连续给药2周,观察不同相对分子质量坛紫菜多糖对小鼠爬杆时间的影响;对小鼠游泳时间的影响及小鼠肝糖原变化的影响。结果降解产物能提高体内肝糖原含量,且能显著延长小鼠的游泳和爬杆时间,这一作用随降解产物相对分子质量的降低而减弱,作用大小依次为P1＞P2＞P3。原料样品P能提高小鼠体内肝糖原含量,显著延长小鼠爬杆时间。结论降解产物能提高小鼠耐疲劳时间,促进肝糖原合成,发挥肝脏保护和促进体能恢复的作用,其功效强于原料P。     

Mesenteric mast cell degranulation in acute T-2 toxin poisoning.

T-2 toxin-induced alterations in rat mesenteric mast cell granulation were measured by cytophotometric analyses of the metachromatic reaction of mast cell granules with azure B. Hypogranulation (diminution of metachromatic material) was observed 8 h following injections of T-2 toxin (0.5-1.5 LD50, i.p.). These data suggest that mast cell activation occurs during acute T-2 intoxication and raise the possibility that mast cell mediators may contribute to toxin-induced cardiovascular collapse.     

刺参酸性粘多糖的分离及其理化性质

刺参为一海洋动物性药材,具有多种医疗用途。作者以刺参体壁(中药药用部位)经胃蛋白酶及胰匀浆水解去蛋白,以乙醇沉淀粗多糖,后者采用氧化法脱色及二乙氨乙基纤维素分离、提纯,获得具有抗肿瘤活性的刺参多糖。本品显示强异染活性,电泳及超离心分析证明为单一成份。对多糖的组成分析指出,本品含氨基半乳糖,已糖醛酸、岩藻糖和硫酸酯,其分子比值为1∶1∶1∶4,可以认为本品为一种硫酸粘多糖。该多糖在组成上与文献报道的各种海参多糖不同。本研究测定了刺参酸性粘多糖的比旋度、特性粘度及沉降系数。     

Azure B, a metabolite of methylene blue, is a high-potency, reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase

Methylene blue (MB) has been shown to act at multiple cellular and molecular targets and as a result possesses diverse medical applications. Among these is a high potency reversible inhibition of monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) that may, at least in part, underlie its adverse effects but also its psycho- and neuromodulatory actions. MB is metabolized to yield N-demethylated products of which azure B, the monodemethyl species, is the major metabolite. Similar to MB, azure B also displays a variety of biological activities and may therefore contribute to the pharmacological profile of MB. Based on these observations, the present study examines the interactions of azure B with recombinant human MAO-A and -B. The results show that azure B is a potent MAO-A inhibitor (IC₅₀ = 11 nM), approximately 6-fold more potent than is MB (IC₅₀ = 70 nM) under identical conditions. Measurements of the time-dependency of inhibition suggest that the interaction of azure B with MAO-A is reversible. Azure B also reversibly inhibits the MAO-B isozyme with an IC₅₀ value of 968 nM. These results suggest that azure B may be a hitherto under recognized contributor to the pharmacology and toxicology of MB by blocking central and peripheral MAO-A activity and as such needs to be considered during its use in humans and animals.     

A novel polysaccharide compound derived from algae extracts protects retinal pigment epithelial cells from high glucose-induced oxidative damage in vitro

Diabetic retinopathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). The oxidative damage inflicted on retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells by high glucose closely approximates the molecular basis for the loss of vision associated with this disease. We investigate a novel algae-derived polysaccharide compound for its role in protecting ARPE-19 cells from high glucose-induced oxidative damage. ARPE-19 cells were cultured for 4?d with normal concentration of D-glucose, and exposed to either normal or high concentrations of D-glucose in the presence or absence of the polysaccharide compound at variety of concentrations for another 48?h. Taurine was used as a positive control. Activity of super oxide dismutase (SOD) and concentration of glutathione (GSH) were measured as well as cytotoxicity of high glucose and the polysaccharide compound. To analyse cellular damage by high glucose, activation of Annexin V and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) were examined. Our results showed that a significant cellular damage on ARPE-19 cells after 48?h treatment with high glucose, accompanied by a decrease in SOD activity and GSH concentration; high glucose also caused ARPE-19 cell apoptosis and activation of p38MAPK and ERK. As the non-toxic polysaccharide compound protected ARPE-19 cells from high glucose-induced cellular damage, the compound recovered SOD activity and concentration of GSH in the cells. The compound also abrogated the cell apoptosis and activation of p38MAPK and ERK. Therefore, the polysaccharide compound derived from algae extracts could be unique candidate for a new class of anti-DM and anti-oxidative damage.     

南瓜多糖的提取纯化及其复方口服液的降血糖作用研究

目的：提取和纯化南瓜、葛根及黄芪中的降糖有效成份，并考察由南瓜多糖、葛根黄酮及黄芪皂苷组成的复方口服液的降糖作用。方法：采用水提、醇提及柱层析法，分别提取和纯化南瓜、葛根及黄芪中的降糖有效成份，并将其配制成3种不同配比的复方口服液；建立四氧嘧啶高血糖小鼠模型，比较3种复方口服液的降糖作用。结果：提取获得南瓜多糖、葛根黄酮和黄芪皂苷，由其配制的3种复方口服液均能降低四氧嘧啶致高血糖小鼠的血糖值，并初筛出最佳的复方口服液。结论：本文中南瓜多糖、葛根黄酮及黄芪皂苷的提取和纯化方法简便，得到的南瓜多糖和葛根总黄酮纯度高，其复方口服液具有明显的降血糖作用。     

复方虫草多糖含片质量控制方法的研究

目的:制定复方虫草多糖含片(北冬虫夏草多糖提取物,罗汉果提取物,西洋参提取物,茶多酚)的质量控制方法.方法:对罗汉果,西洋参进行薄层鉴别;茶多酚进行显色鉴别;采用苯酚一硫酸法测定复方虫草多糖含片中虫草多糖的含量.结果:通过方法学考察,虫草多糖浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数0.9964;平均回收率为97.13%RSD=1.41%(n=5).结论:方法简便、准确、重现性高,可用于控制复方虫草含片的质量.     

Effects of carbamoylation with alkyl isocyanates on the assay of proteins by dye binding

The effect of carbamoylation with alkyl isocyanate was used both to monitor the stability of the isocyanates and to study the influence of charge modification on protein assay. Carbamoylation of poly (L-lysine) with methyl isocyanate, ethyl isocyanate and 2-chloroethyl isocyanate was observed to decrease binding of methyl orange. The data emphasized the lability of alkyl isocyanates and indicated the importance of preparing aqueous solutions at low temperatures for studies on protein carbamoylation. After carbamoylation of several proteins, there was decreased metachromasia on binding to Coomassie Blue G. Poly (L-lysine) and H1 histone showed anomalous behavior in that with low concentrations of Coomassie Blue G the metachromasia was increased by carbamoylation, but at high concentrations of the dye the metachromasia was decreased by carbamoylation. In contrast to some reports in the literature, the data indicated that there is not always a simple relationship between the positive charge on a protein and the interaction with anionic dyes.     

静滴藻酸双酯钠治疗冠心病的疗效观察

目的 观察静滴藻酸双酯钠(PSS)治疗32例冠心病患者的疗效。方法 PSS注射液200mg加入10％葡萄糖500ml中静滴,每日1次,14d为疗效;对照组为复方丹参注射液16ml加入10％葡萄糖500ml中静滴,每日1次,14d为1疗程。结果 PSS对心绞痛疗效和复方丹参相近,对心电图、心率、血压、血脂、血流变和心功能的改善均明显优于复方丹参组。结论 PSS对冠心病患者具有明确的疗效。     

硒多糖的药理活性研究进展

硒多糖是一种有机硒化合物,兼有硒与多糖二者的活性。硒多糖具有拮抗重金属、体外抗氧化、增强或调节机体免疫力、抗肿瘤、抗病毒、降血糖等多种作用。该文主要综述了硒多糖的药理活性及可能产生的毒副作用。