The effect of surgical start time in patients undergoing minimally invasive sacrocolpopexy

Introduction and hypothesis

The objective was to determine if the surgical start time affects operating room time and the incidence of perioperative adverse events in patients undergoing minimally invasive sacrocolpopexy.

Methods

This is a retrospective cohort of 396 women who underwent laparoscopic and robotic sacrocolpopexy at a tertiary care center between January 2006 and December 2012. Cases were divided into those with a first, second or third start time. Operating room (OR) time was defined as time the patient entered the room to time out of the room (minutes) and the case time was defined as the period between incision and closure (minutes). Adverse events were defined a priori and also reported using the Clavien–Dindo grading scale. Logistic regression analysis was performed for categorical variables and multiple linear regression analysis for continuous variables.

Results

A total of 145 robotic and 261 conventional laparoscopic minimally invasive sacrocolpopexies were performed. Operating room time data were available for 396 cases. Of the cases, 63.9 % (253 out of 396) had a first start, 32.1 % (127 out of 396) had a second start, and 4 % (16 out of 396) had a third start. Robotic and concomitant rectopexy cases were more likely to be performed as first-start cases and operating room time and case time were longest for first-start cases. However, after adjusting for mode of surgery, concomitant procedures, previous surgeries, BMI, and age, this finding was no longer statistically significant. There was no difference in the rate of perioperative adverse events among first-, and second-/third-start cases.

Conclusion

Surgical case start time does not appear to be associated with operating time or the incidence of perioperative adverse events in patients undergoing minimally invasive sacrocolpopexy.

     

Laparoscopic uterosacral ligament suspension and sacral colpopexy: results and complications

Introduction and hypothesis

We describe our techniques, outcomes, and complications with laparoscopic procedures for correcting pelvic organ prolapse (POP). We hypothesized that laparoscopic abdominal sacrocolpopexy (ASC) gives better anatomic results than laparoscopic uterosacral ligament suspension (USLS), without increased complications.

Methods

This was a retrospective cohort study of 290 patients who underwent laparoscopic suspensions in a 2-year period. Anatomic measurements using the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) system were collected. Subjective data were obtained from the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory Short-Form 20 (PFDI) questionnaire. The anatomic improvement for each stage and complication rates were analyzed. The difference in the risk of mesh erosion between patients undergoing concomitant total hysterectomy and those who had a prior hysterectomy was determined. In 102 patients with stage 2 prolapse, a comparison between ASC and USLS in anatomic and subjective results and complication rates was performed.

Results

Anatomic success rates ranged between 86 % and 95 %. Overall mesh erosion rate was 1.2 %, showing no difference between concomitant total laparoscopic hysterectomy (0 %) and prior hysterectomy (2.1 %, p?=?0.155). ASC resulted in statistically significantly better anterior-compartment support than USLS (p?=?0.043). There was no difference in apex or posterior compartment position or in PFDI scores.

Conclusion

Laparoscopic ASC may be better than USLS for correcting anterior-compartment prolapse, with only a minor risk of mesh erosion.     

The minimally invasive surgery of gallstones and their complications]

The article analyzes results of treatment of 963 patients with cholelithiasis and with the complications of this disease. Operations on these patients were performed using the following methods: laparoscopy (422), minilaparotomy (373), wide (traditional) laparotomy (168). Recommendation for different ways of operations on biliary ducts are discussed as well as the necessity of taking into consideration the results of sonographical examinations, pathomorphological and rheographic changes when choosing a particular method of surgical treatment. A combination of two little-invasive methods of treatment of cholelithiasis complicated by peritonitis is suggested.     

微创经皮肾镜取石术手术并发症分析

目的探讨微创经皮肾镜取石术(MPCNL)并发症的发生情况及处理措施。方法2001年12月至2005年3月实施MPCNL436例次。男249例次,女187例次。患者年龄14～71岁,平均42岁。其中单纯肾结石314例次,肾结石合并输尿管上段结石79例次,单侧输尿管上段结石27例次,双侧输尿管上段结石16例次。结果436例次手术出现并发症27例次(6.2%),其中大出血5例,通过关闭肾造瘘口、拔血器清除膀胱内血块、输血等措施治愈；胸腔积液2例,腹腔积液11例,肾贯通伤8例,通过穿刺引流治愈；术后肾盏积脓1例,选择有效抗生素、再次肾穿刺并延期拔出肾造瘘管治愈。结论MPCNL为微创手术,但在技术不熟练情况下,风险仍较大,加强并发症的防治有利于此项技术的开展。     

人纤维蛋白粘合剂封闭囊肿术治疗症状性骶管囊肿

目的 探讨经皮穿刺人纤维蛋白粘合剂封闭囊肿术治疗症状性骶管囊肿的疗效。方法 回顾分析2005年1月～2009年12月本院收治的采用CT引导下经皮穿刺抽吸囊液,人纤维蛋白粘合剂封闭囊肿术治疗的症状性骶管囊肿患者资料38例。其中男15例,女23例;年龄21～76岁,平均50岁。初发病例27例,再发11例。囊肿部位:L₅/S₁ 11例,S₁/S₂ 16 例,S₂/S₃ 7 例,骶前4例。经MRI检查均确诊为骶管囊肿。采用Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry disability index,ODI)和疼痛视觉模拟量表(visual analogue scale, VAS)评分评估患者术后3个月、1年、5年腰骶区疼痛、麻木和功能改善情况。结果 所有患者均顺利完成手术, 手术时间(42.2±16.0) min,术中出血量(25.8±20.4) mL。38例均获随访,随访时间27～96个月,平均63个月。患者术后ODI和VAS评分均较术前明显改善,差异具有统计学意义(P< 0.01)。术后复查MRI, 患者囊腔消失29例(76.3%),囊腔缩小4例(10.5%),囊肿无缩小5例(13.2%)。结论 微创治疗症状性骶管囊肿具有创伤小、出血少、疗效佳、恢复快等优点,对于初发或开放手术术后再发的患者均有效果,是治疗骶管囊肿的良好方法。     

微创经椎间孔腰椎体间融合术的围手术期并发症

目的:分析微创经椎间孔腰椎体间融合术(minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion,MIS-TLIF)的围手术期并发症发生情况。方法 :对2007年6月~2013年7月接受MIS-TLIF治疗的523例腰椎退变性疾病患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。男231例,女292例,年龄53.1±8.4岁(31~83岁)。其中腰椎滑脱症194例,腰椎管狭窄症128例,腰椎不稳症62例,巨大腰椎间盘脱出症59例,腰椎术后复发52例(开放腰椎间盘切除术后复发26例,显微内窥镜下椎间盘切除术后复发17例,经皮内窥镜下椎间盘切除术后复发9例),退变性椎间盘病(degenerative disc disease,DDD)28例。围手术期并发症定义为手术后1个月内发生的与手术直接相关的并发症。持久并发症指手术导致新的损害术后持续大于30d无改善,短暂并发症指手术导致新的损害在术后30d内获得改善。统计分析并发症发生情况及原因。结果:本组523例平均随访47.5±8.2个月(24~81个月)。92例患者共计发生围手术期并发症96例次,其中持久并发症2例次,分别为1例因为椎弓根解剖结构畸形在螺钉置入时造成神经根损伤和1例操作失误导致出行神经根损伤,神经功能部分恢复。90例发生短暂性并发症94例次,其中最常见为下肢麻木不适,发生率为10.71%(56/523),发生硬膜撕裂21例,表浅感染9例,局部血肿4例,神经卡压2例,深部感染1例,植骨移位1例。88例患者发生单项并发症,4例发生2项并发症,围手术期并发症发生率为17.59%(92/523)。不同疾病并发症率分别为:腰椎滑脱症17.53%,腰椎管狭窄症17.19%,腰椎不稳14.52%,巨大腰椎间盘脱出13.56%,腰椎术后翻修30.77%,退变性椎间盘病10.71%。单节段融合并发症率(17.53%)和双节段融合并发症发生率(18.42%)统计学差异不显著(χ~2=0.02,P0.05)。结论 :MIS-TLIF围手术期并发症包括神经根损伤、硬膜撕裂、切口感染和短暂性下肢麻木等,短暂性下肢麻木是最常见并发症。     

Visceral fat is associated with high-grade complications in patients undergoing minimally invasive partial nephrectomy for small renal masses

Introduction:Minimally invasive partial nephrectomy is standard of care treatment for small renal masses.Objective:We evaluated the relationship between subcutaneous and visceral obesity with high-grade postoperative 30-day complications in patients undergoing minimally invasive partial nephrectomy.Methods:We retrospectively identified 98 patients at our institution from 2014 to 2017 who underwent laparoscopic or robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy due to suspected renal cell carcinoma. Patients were stratified based on presence or absence of high-grade (Clavien ≥ IIIa) 30-day postoperative complications. Means were compared with the independent t test and proportions with chi-square analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to determine independent predictors of high-grade 30-day complications.Results:Mean nephrometry score was 6.7 with 21 (21.4%) patients having hilar tumors. Mean estimation of blood loss was 207 mL, mean operating time was 223 min, and mean warm ischemia time was 23 min. The majority of patients had clear renal cell carcinoma (n = 83, 84.7%) and pT1a disease (n = 76, 77.6%) with negative margins (n = 89, 90.8%) on pathology. There were 5 (5.1%) patients who experienced a high-grade postoperative 30-day complication. Mean visceral fat index was an independent predictor of high-grade 30-day complications (odds ratio: 1.02; 95% confidence interval: 1.002–1.03; p = 0.027).Conclusions:Visceral obesity should be considered as a prognostic indicator of outcomes in patients undergoing surgical treatment for a small renal mass.     

Life-threatening complications and mortality of minimally invasive pectus surgery

The prevalence and type of life-threatening complications related to the minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum (MIRPE) and bar removal are unknown and underreported. The purpose of this communication is to make surgeons aware of the risk of these life threatening complications as well as the modifications which have been developed to prevent them.

Abdominal sacral colpopexy for repair of neovaginal prolapse in male-to-female transsexuals

Penectomy, bilateral orchiectomy, and penoscrotal flap vaginoplasty are procedures that increase the psychosocial well-being and enhance body acceptance of male-to-female transsexuals. The incidence of neovaginal prolapse is not known but is believed to be relatively rare. We report 2 cases of neovaginal prolapse that were successfully treated with abdominal sacral colpopexy at our institution.     

The effect of high-definition imaging on surgical task efficiency in minimally invasive surgery

Background: In 1995, when we first used a high-definition television (HDTV) video system during a laparoscopic cholecystectomy in Tuebingen, we were surprised by the excellence of the spatial impression achieved by an image with improved resolution. Although any improvement in vision systems entails a trade-off among cost, quality, and complexity, high-definition imaging may well become an essential part of 3-D video systems. The aim of this experimental study was to assess the impact of high definition on surgical task efficiency in minimally invasive surgery and to determine whether it is preferable to use a 3-D system or a 2-D system with perfect resolution and color—for instance, HDTV or the three-chip charge-coupled device (3CCD). Methods: We compared a 3-D video system with the vision through a stereoscopic rectoscope for transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM). Because its stereoscopic direct vision is not restricted to either shutter technology or video resolution, TEM optics represents the state of the art. For objective comparison, inanimate phantom models with suturing tasks were set up. The setups allowed the approach of parallel instruments as in TEM operations or via a laparoscopic approach, with oblique instruments coming laterally. Both types of procedure were carried out by highly experienced laparoscopic surgeons as well as those inexperienced in endoscopic surgery. These volunteers worked under 3-D video vision and/or TEM vision. Altogether, the model tasks were performed by 54 different persons. Results: The evaluation did not show a significant (p > 0.05) difference in performance time in all models, but there was a clear trend showing the benefit of a higher resolution. Conclusion: We found a tendency for both endoscopically inexperienced and experienced surgeons to benefit from the use of a system with improved resolution (direct vision) rather than a 3-D shutter video system. Received: 9 November 1998/Accepted: 19 April 1999     

The effects of intrathecal morphine on patients undergoing minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of intrathecal morphine (ITM) on the perioperative use of opiates and the fast-track pathway in patients undergoing minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass grafting (MIDCAB). DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTINGS: University teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-two elective consecutive patients who underwent MIDCAB surgery. INTERVENTIONS: Eleven patients received an intrathecal injection of morphine, 7 microg/kg (ITM group, n=11), and the control group (n=11) received standard anesthesia care. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The intraoperative dose of fentanyl was 0.55+/-0.2 mg in the ITM group and 1.1+/-0.2 mg in the control group (p<0.0001). Four patients in the ITM group and none in the control group were extubated in the operating room. Extubation time was 3.2+/-4.7 hours in the ITM group and 6.3+/-3.4 hours in the control group (p=0.016). Morphine requirements in 24 hours after surgery were 2.0+/-3.5 mg in the ITM and 16.1+/-4.8 mg in the control group (p<0.0001). There were no differences in ischemic time, intraoperative fluid requirements, postoperative blood loss, and duration of surgical procedure. Hospital length of stay was shorter in the ITM group compared with the control group (3.9+/-1.7 days v 4.9+/-1.4 days, respectively, p=0.047). CONCLUSIONS: ITM has to be considered in MIDCAB surgery as an effective component of the perioperative analgesia. The safety and effects of ITM in the patients recovery after MIDCAB surgery should be evaluated in further prospective studies.