成人腹部囊性淋巴管瘤的CT表现

目的:探讨成人腹部囊性淋巴管瘤的CT表现及其诊断价值. 材料和方法:回顾性分析6例经病理证实的腹部囊性淋巴管瘤的CT表现. 结果:3例起源于小肠系膜,1例起源于结肠系膜,2例发生在腹膜后腔.6例均为多房型.2例呈巨大长袋状,2例形态不规则,2例为分叶状囊肿.囊壁菲薄,光滑,囊内密度均匀,部分囊壁和间隔可见增强.2例可见"血管穿行征",2例沿组织间隙蔓延呈"爬行性生长"改变. 结论:肠系膜及腹膜后囊性淋巴管瘤是腹部的少见囊性病变,CT能够准确地显示病变的形态学特征和部位, 并能够提供相应的诊断依据,帮助与其他囊性疾病鉴别.     

儿童腹部脏器外囊性病变的的CT诊断

目的:探讨CT对儿童腹部脏器外囊性病变的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析35例经手术病理证实的儿童腹部脏器外囊性病变的CT表现。结果:淋巴管瘤11例,其中肠系膜淋巴管瘤7例,腹膜后淋巴管瘤4例,肿块形态不规则,囊壁菲薄,张力低,边缘清楚,其中8例可见线条状分隔,8例行增强扫描均未见强化。肠系膜囊肿8例,均为先天性肠系膜囊肿,形态较规则,边缘清晰锐利,囊壁薄而均匀,6例为单房,2例为多房,2例囊壁呈线状强化,6例囊壁无强化。大网膜囊肿4例,长径均大于6cm,病灶位于腹腔前方,紧贴前腹壁,形态不规则。肠重复畸形6例,均与肠管关系密切,4例呈管状,2例呈类圆形,4例囊壁可见强化。囊性畸胎瘤4例,3例位于腹膜后,1例位于骶尾部,2例囊壁可见线条状钙化。腹部脓肿2例,呈不规则液性密度区,囊壁较厚且厚薄不均,增强时明显强化。结论:CT对腹部脏器外囊性病变的形态特征、大小范围及与周围组织结构的关系显示清晰,能对大多数病变作出准确诊断。     

肾上腺囊性淋巴管瘤的CT诊断

目的 分析肾上腺囊性淋巴管瘤的CT特征. 资料与方法 回顾性分析了4例经手术病理证实的肾上腺囊性淋巴管瘤的CT表现,包括大小、形态、边界、构成、密度、钙化、间隔和增强方式. 结果 肾上腺囊性淋巴管瘤形态不规则;呈多囊结构,由许多大小不等的囊肿组成;间隔多且均匀一致,强化后明显;瘤体密度值偏高,无强化;钙化率高,局限于瘤壁和间隔. 结论 肾上腺囊性淋巴管瘤在形态、构成、间隔、钙化和密度等方面均有一定的特异性.应用多层螺旋CT增强扫描并进行三维重组有助于发现肾上腺囊性淋巴管瘤的CT特征并确立诊断.     

儿童腹部囊性肿块CT诊断分析

目的探讨儿童腹部囊性肿块的CT特点及其临床诊断价值。方法对84例腹部囊性肿块患儿的临床资料分析,总结儿童腹部囊性肿块的CT影像学特点。结果 84例患儿经CT检查发现41例为淋巴管瘤,CT图像显示形态呈非规则表现,囊壁较薄,边缘清晰,增强扫描可见囊壁呈线样强化;6例为网膜囊肿,CT图像显示其紧贴前腹部,呈均匀水样密度囊肿,形态非规则,长轴与大网膜走向一致,增强后无强化表现;24例为肠系膜囊肿,CT图像显示形态规则,边界清晰,囊壁均匀且薄,增强后未见囊壁强化;13例为卵巢囊肿,CT平扫图像显示无分隔,边缘清晰,呈薄壁类圆形病变,增强扫描可见轻度强化;与手术确诊结果进行对比发现,CT诊断符合率为96.43%(81/84)。结论 CT检查可直观性显示儿童腹部囊性肿块特点,可全面清晰地观察到患儿的病变形态特征。     

成人肠系膜淋巴管瘤CT表现与病理相关分析

目的 探讨成人肠系膜淋巴管瘤的CT表现与病理之间相关性,以提高CT诊断本病的准确率.方法 回顾性分析16例肠系膜淋巴管瘤CT与病理表现.结果 16例中起源于小肠系膜10例,大网膜5例,小网膜1例.病变位于腹腔7例,跨腹腔、盆腔6例,盆腔3例.4例单房型淋巴管瘤呈圆形、类圆形;12例多房型淋巴管瘤中类圆形2例,哑铃形2例,爬行式或塑形式生长或呈口袋征8例.囊壁及分隔呈线状或网格状.囊腔内容物呈囊性密度10例,囊实性密度6例;另见含脂肪4例,钙化2例.12例囊壁及间隔呈轻度渐进性强化,囊性或囊实性囊腔不强化.6例病变内见血管穿行,穿行血管不为肿瘤提供血供.16例成人肠系膜淋巴管瘤中囊性淋巴管瘤12例,海绵状淋巴管瘤4例.16例病变中4例没有血管成分,12例含5％ ～30％不等血管,病变内血管成分与囊腔内囊性或囊实性容物是否强化没有关系.结论 爬行式生长,口袋征,血管穿行征,条形脂肪征,增强扫描囊壁及间隔呈渐进性强化而囊腔内囊性或囊实性成分不强化特点相结合,CT检查可以对成人肠系膜淋巴管瘤做出正确诊断.     

囊性淋巴管瘤DSCT表现及病理对照

目的探讨囊性淋巴管瘤的DSCT表现与病理对照分析。方法搜集经病理证实为囊性淋巴管瘤15例的DSCT影像资料,回顾性分析病灶DSCT表现,并与手术及病理结果对照。结果 15例囊性淋巴管瘤中,位于颈部3例,腋下1例,纵膈2例,腹部9例,包括大网膜4例,肠系膜3例,腹膜后2例,其中1例伴肝脏局灶性结节增生。单房囊肿6例,多房囊肿9例,除1例囊壁厚以外,其余囊壁均薄,囊内可见纤细分隔,囊壁及分隔均无壁结节,密度均匀,CT值约+11HU,大小约2.4~21.2cm,腹部9例病例中8例病灶旁均可见结节状钙化灶,增强囊壁及分隔均有强化,3例囊内可见血管穿行。结论 DSCT能够清晰显示病变的影像学特征、病变部位、累及范围及周围血管情况,对临床确定手术方案有着十分重要的价值。     

肠系膜囊肿的CT表现与病理对照分析

目的探讨肠系膜囊肿的CT表现,以提高CT对该病的认识和诊断水平。方法回顾分析18例经手术、病理证实的肠系膜囊肿的CT图像,并与病理结果进行对照。结果 18例肠系膜囊肿,单纯囊肿8例,CT上主要表现为腹腔内肠外囊性灶,囊壁菲薄、边界清,无壁结节;复杂囊肿10例,其中囊肿伴感染6例,CT表现为囊内密度略增高,周围边界模糊,囊壁增厚、增强后见强化;囊肿伴出血4例,表现为囊腔内高密度影。囊壁出现钙化4例,囊壁周围出现血管影3例,囊内见分隔3例;所有病例囊内容物均未见强化,部分病变周围组织、器官受压、推移。结论肠系膜囊肿的CT表现具有一定特征性,对该病具有较高的诊断价值。     

小儿淋巴管瘤的CT诊断

目的：探讨小儿淋巴管瘤CT表现及CT诊断价值。方法：对经手术(7例)、穿刺(2例)病理证实的9例小儿淋巴管瘤进行回顾性分析，5例行平扫加增强CT扫描，4例仅行平扫。结果：9例淋巴管瘤，6例位于颈部，其中1例向纵隔内生长、3例向肩背部生长，2例位于肠系膜，1例位于后腹膜，CT表现为多房(8例)或单房(1例)、薄壁囊肿，7例囊内密度均匀，呈水样密度，2例囊内密度不均匀，其中1例是囊状合并海绵状淋巴管瘤伴囊内出血，1例是囊内有出血，CT值4—50HU。5例强增扫描，3例囊壁及间隔有强化。结论：CT检查能清楚显示淋巴管瘤的部位、范围及内部特征，指导临床治疗。     

淋巴管瘤的影像学表现

目的:探讨淋巴管瘤的影像学表现及其与病理的相关性.方法:经手术病理证实的淋巴管瘤26例,男15例,女11例,年龄1个月～68岁,平均19.4岁.7例行CT检查纳入研究,其中6例有平扫加增强扫描;1例行MRI检查;24例行超声检查.结果:CT上病灶均为囊性病变,密度均匀,边界较清楚,壁薄.2例病灶呈单房,5例病灶内可见分隔并形成多房,增强扫描囊壁及部分分隔强化,囊内未见强化.MRI上病变在T1WI上为低信号,T2WI上呈高信号,病变信号不均匀,边界欠清楚,其内见分隔.超声声像图上病灶均为囊实性低回声或无回声肿块影,其中10例病变回声不均质,14例探及条形分隔反射,其中3例分隔为蜂窝状、网状,3例边界不清;彩色多普勒血流成像探及囊内及分隔内血流7例.手术病理显示病变全部为囊性,可看到扩张的淋巴管,有些病灶内可见血管,并见一些纤维组织及脂肪组织成分.结论:淋巴管瘤有较为典型的影像学表现:囊性,薄壁肿块,密度较均匀,边界较清楚;病理与影像一致性好.     

腹部淋巴管瘤的CT及MR表现

目的 探讨腹部淋巴管瘤(lymphangioma,LA)的CT及MRI诊断价值.资料与方法 回顾性分析5例经病理证实的腹部LA的CT及MRI表现.结果 5例中肠系膜3例.腹膜后2例,表现为跨区、沿组织间隙适形性生长的囊袋状病灶,壁薄、光滑,囊及囊壁无明显强化.1例见肠系膜血管征伴周缘多发滋养血管.结论 CT及MRI对腹部LA的诊断具有重要价值,联合应用有助于提高其诊断准确性.     

MSCT manifestations with pathologic correlation of abdominal gastrointestinal tract and mesenteric tumor and tumor-like lesions in children: A single center experience

To study the multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) manifestations of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and mesenteric tumor and tumor-like lesions in children and correlation with pathologic findings. 22 patients (17 male, 5 female; age ranged from 3 days to 11 years; with mean of 4.2 years) were screened out by ultrasonography (US) at first, then were performed with abdominal non-enhanced CT (NECT) and contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) scans. All CT images were evaluated independently by two radiologists and a consensus was reached regarding the morphologic features for lesions such as size, solid/cyst, unilocular/multilocular and thin/thick wall characteristics. The 26 lesions were categorized into two groups based on CT characteristics of lesions’ nature, group 1 with the prominent cystic lesions, group 2 with prominent solid lesions. Group 1 was further divided into two subgroups: group 1A for the cystic lesions with thin walls, and group 1B for the cystic lesions with thick walls. In group 1A, 7 lesions were unilocular cysts (6 lymphangioma, 1 ileum mesenteric cyst) and 5 were multilocular cysts with internal septation (4 lymphangioma, 1 greater omental cyst). In group 1B, 10 lesions in 7 patients were unilocular without internal septation, which had two kinds of shape-cystic and tubular, their histopathological types were all enteric duplication cyst (10 segments, with two patients with 2 or 3 segments each); In group 2, all lesions had solid mass (2 gastrointestinal stromal tumors and 2 enteric non-Hodgkin's lymphoma). The majority of gastrointestinal tumors and tumor-like lesions are cystic and benign. MSCT manifestations of cystic/solid and thin/thick wall may be great helpful for differentiating different types of GIT and mesenteric lesions. MSCT manifestations have close correlations with their topographic sites and histopathologic findings.     

儿童腹部脏器外囊性占位的CT影像分析

目的探讨儿童腹部脏器外囊性占位病变的CT表现特点。方法回顾性分析经临床手术病理证实的13例儿童腹部脏器外囊性病变的CT表现。9例行平扫与增强检查,4例行平扫检查。结果肠源性囊肿3例、肠系膜淋巴管瘤2例、大网膜囊肿3例、囊性畸胎瘤3例、腹腔脓肿2例。并发系膜扭转1例、网膜扭转2例、囊肿出血2例、肠穿孔和右侧胸腔疝各1例。结论儿童腹部脏器外囊性病变主要为良性病变,不同类型囊性病变,各具有一定的CT特征。但对于少见类型囊性病变,术前定性诊断仍有一定的困难。     

Mesenteric and omental cysts: histologic classification with imaging correlation

Forty-one cases of mesenteric and omental cysts are reported. Histologically, several specific types could be distinguished: lymphangioma, 19 cases; nonpancreatic pseudocyst, 11 cases; enteric duplication cyst, six cases; mesothelial cyst, three cases; and enteric cyst, two cases. A lymphangioma is usually a multiloculated cyst located in the mesentery that shows no discernible wall on computed tomography (CT) and may have characteristics of fat on CT and magnetic resonance imaging. Abnormalities in the small bowel mucosa were frequently noted on barium studies. A nonpancreatic pseudocyst is usually a unilocular or multilocular cyst located in either the mesentery or the omentum, with abundant debris sonographically and an enhancing wall on CT. An enteric duplication cyst is a unilocular cyst with an enhancing wall on CT. Mesothelial and enteric cysts are anechoic, thin-walled cysts. Emphasis is placed on the importance of identifying lymphangioma, which is more difficult to manage than the other forms of mesenteric and omental cysts.     

CT 诊断脾脏淋巴管瘤的应用价值

目的：通过分析脾脏淋巴管瘤的C T表现特征,探讨其影像诊断价值。方法搜集15例经病理证实的脾脏淋巴管瘤的CT资料,对其CT表现进行回顾性分析。结果脾脏囊状淋巴管瘤6例,海绵状淋巴管瘤9例。单发病灶7例,多发病灶8例。3例边缘清晰,12例边缘模糊。除单发单房病灶及多发单房病灶中1个病灶无分叶状轮廓改变外,余病灶轮廓均显示形态不规则,呈分叶状改变。病灶内呈稍高密度网格状分隔（除单发单房及多发单房中一个病灶外）及低密度之液性区（除1例出现分层征象,下层为稍高密度影）。增强后动脉期、门静脉期囊壁及分隔13例轻中度强化,2例延迟期轻度强化。结论脾脏淋巴管瘤的CT表现具有一定特征性,CT是临床正确诊断的重要影像学检查方法。     

64层螺旋CT诊断肾上腺囊性病变

目的探讨肾上腺囊性病变的 CT 表现特点,提高其诊断准确性.资料与方法经手术病理证实31例的肾上腺囊性病变患者,术前均行64层螺旋 CT 平扫加增强扫描,层厚2.5mm,并行0.625mm 薄层重建及多平面重组,分析肾上腺囊性病变的 CT 表现.结果31例肾上腺囊性病变中,肾上腺上皮性囊肿5例,肾上腺淋巴管囊肿3例,肾上腺血肿4例,肾上腺化脓性炎性假囊肿1例,肾上腺皮质腺瘤囊性变4例,肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤囊性变10例,肾上腺节细胞神经瘤2例,肾上腺神经鞘瘤囊性变1例,肾上腺转移瘤囊性变1例(原发肿瘤为肺癌).64层螺旋 CT 上囊性病变的形态、密度、囊壁厚度、有无壁结节、强化特点可以鉴别肿瘤性和非肿瘤性囊肿、良性和恶性肿瘤囊性变.结论肾上腺囊性病变的64层螺旋 CT 特征不同,有助于明确诊断.     

多层螺旋CT在儿童颈部囊状淋巴管瘤的应用

目的:探讨MSCT对儿童颈部囊状淋巴管瘤的诊断价值.方法:回顾性分析15例经病理证实的儿童颈部囊状淋巴管瘤MSCT表现并与手术病理所见对照.结果:儿童颈部囊状淋巴管瘤MSCT的特点:①多囊性;②可出现"液-液平面"征象;③沿疏松结缔组织生长;④增强扫描囊壁不强化或轻度强化,囊内容物不强化;⑤肿瘤包绕血管、神经及脂肪;⑥MSCT可以水平横断面、冠状面、矢状面结合显示病灶.结论:MSCT检查对儿童颈部囊状淋巴管瘤的诊断具有重要价值,有利于手术方案的制订,在评价肿瘤侵犯方面优于超声和普通CT.     

肝脏单发性囊性转移瘤的影像学表现

目的探讨肝脏单发囊性转移瘤的CT和MRI表现。方法回顾分析14例肝脏单发囊性转移瘤的CT（5例）和MRI（9例）表现。结果肝左叶5例，右叶9例。2例包膜下转移瘤呈扁丘形，其余12例呈圆形或类圆形。肿瘤直径0．7～5．5cm，平均2．7cm。病灶表现为均匀薄壁型2例，均匀厚壁型2例，不均匀厚壁型7例和分隔型3例。病灶的囊壁和分隔CT平扫呈低密度，MRI T1WI呈低信号，MRI T2WI呈高信号、无钙化。12例有强化，3例延迟增强MR扫描呈现外周冲洗现象。病灶囊内部分为水样密度或信号、无强化，3例有液平。病灶通常不伴肝硬化、门静脉栓子以及胆道扩张，但有时同时显示肝外原发肿瘤或者腹部他处转移灶。结论肝脏单发囊性转移瘤具有一定的CT和MRI特征，了解这些特征有助于此类病变的诊断与鉴别诊断。     

颈部囊性病变的多排螺旋CT和MRI影像学特征分析

目的：分析颈部囊性病变的多排螺旋CT和MRI影像学特征。方法回顾性分析41例经病理证实的颈部囊性病变的解剖部位及多排螺旋CT和MRI影像学征象。结果颈部囊性病变多形状规则,边界清晰。20例甲状舌管囊肿位于正中线舌骨水平或略偏,与甲状软骨关系密切,MRI征象为长 T1长 T2信号,信号均匀,增强扫描囊壁轻度强化;11例第二腮裂囊肿位多于胸锁乳突肌前内侧,MRI为囊性长T1长T2信号,信号均匀,囊肿内CT值为水样密度,增强扫描囊壁轻度强化;2例表皮样囊肿位于颈中线舌骨水平、颈后部,CT扫描密度均匀,增强未见明显强化;4例会厌囊肿位于会厌前间隙内,MRI影像为囊性长T1长T2信号肿块,信号均匀,CT影像为囊性薄壁低密度肿块,密度均匀;4例淋巴管瘤主要位于颈后三角区,MRI肿块呈等T1长T2信号,内部可见分隔,囊腔大小不等,增强扫描其分隔可见强化。结论颈部不同囊性病变的解剖位置和影像学征象有一定的特点,经过综合分析,可以做出正确诊断。     

Computed tomography of corpus luteal cysts

OBJECTIVE: To describe the computed tomography (CT) features of corpus luteal cysts. METHODS: We retrospectively identified 10 patients with a diagnosis of corpus luteal cysts established by ultrasound who had also undergone contemporaneous CT. A single attending radiologist, without knowledge of other clinical or radiologic findings, recorded the morphologic features of the cysts based on the CT images. RESULTS: The corpus luteal cyst seen at sonography was visible at CT in all 10 patients. All cysts were unilocular, with a mean density of 25 HU (range, 12 to 45). The mean maximum axial cyst diameter was 2.2 cm (range, 1.4 to 2.9). The mean cyst wall thickness was 3 mm (range, 2 to 4). All cyst walls were crenulated. Cyst wall enhancement was hyperdense in 6 cases, isodense in 3 cases, and hypodense in 1 case. Free fluid was seen in 9 of 10 patients. CONCLUSIONS: At CT, corpus luteal cysts are typically less than 3 cm in diameter and are characterized by a thick, crenulated, or hyperdense wall. Recognition of these CT findings should prevent misinterpretation or inappropriate management.