黄疸草对小鼠实验性肝损伤的保护作用

目的 :研究黄疸草对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法 :分别采用四氯化碳 (CCl4 )、α -萘异硫氰酸酯 (ANIT)致小鼠急性肝损伤及黄疸模型 ,测定小鼠血清谷丙转氨酶 (ALT)、总胆红素(TBil)含量及血清、肝组织中丙二醛 (MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)水平和观察肝组织病理变化。结果 :黄疸草能明显降低CCl4 中毒性小鼠血清ALT、血清及肝组织中MDA的含量 (P <0 .0 0 1 ) ,使SOD水平显著增高 (P <0 .0 0 1 ) ;能明显降低ANIT中毒性小鼠血清TBil的含量 (P <0 .0 0 1 ) ;肝脏病理组织学检查表明黄疸草能明显减轻肝细胞变性和坏死。结论 :黄疸草对CCl4 和ANIT所致的急性肝损伤具有明显的保护作用     

胡黄连总苷对小鼠急性化学性肝损伤的保护作用

目的 :研究胡黄连总苷 (TGP)对小鼠急性化学性肝损伤的保护作用。方法 :腹腔注射四氯化碳 (CCl4 )制备小鼠急性肝损伤模型 ,检测血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶 (ALT)和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶 (AST)活性、肝脏重量指数 ;同时测定肝组织中丙二醛(MDA)、一氧化氮 (NO)含量和超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性。结果 :连续 7d灌胃给予 8、16mg (kg·d)TGP ,能明显抑制肝损伤小鼠血清ALT、AST活性的升高 (P <0 .0 1) ,减轻增加的肝脏重量指数 ,显著抑制肝组织中MDA、NO含量的升高及SOD活性的下降 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :TGP对CCl4 引起的小鼠急性肝损伤具有保护作用 ,这种作用与其抗脂质过氧化有关     

两面针提取物对小鼠实验性肝损伤的保护作用

目的 研究两面针提取物对四氯化碳(CCl4)肝损伤的保护作用,并探讨其作用机制.方法 用CCl4建立小鼠肝损伤模型,以测定小鼠血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、肝匀浆丙二醛(MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性为指标观察两面针提取物对肝脏损伤的保护作用.结果 两面针提取物能明显降低动物模型的血清ALT、AST和肝脏MOA含量,提高肝脏SOD活性.结论 两面针捉取物对化学性肝损伤具有明显的保护作用.     

山茱萸炮制前后对小鼠急性肝损伤保护作用的研究

目的 探讨山茱萸炮制前后对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用.方法 采用CCl4造成小鼠急性肝损伤模型,以血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性及肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平作为考察指标,观察山茱萸炮制前后对小鼠急性肝损伤保护作用的影响.结果 山茱萸炮制后中剂量组血清ALT、AST活性及肝脏MDA含量明显降低,肝脏SOD水平则明显升高,且与同一剂量生品组比较有显著性差异.结论 山茱萸炮制后对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用增强.     

头顶一颗珠水煎液对四氯化碳致急性肝损伤小鼠的保护作用

目的 观察头顶一颗珠对四氯化碳(CCl4)诱导的小鼠急性肝损伤的影响. 方法 用头顶一颗珠水煎液(10ml/kg、20ml/kg、30ml/kg) 连续给小鼠灌胃4周后,用腹腔注射CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤模型,测定不同剂量的头顶一颗珠对肝损伤血清丙氨酸转氨酶 (ALT)和天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)活性、肝中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、肝中丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响. 结果 头顶一颗珠能明显降低CCl4致小鼠肝损伤血清ALT、AST值升高,降低肝组织匀浆中MDA的含量,增强SOD的活性. 结论 头顶一颗珠对CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤具有一定的保护作用.     

藤茶总黄酮对四氯化碳致急性肝损伤小鼠的保护作用

目的 观察藤茶总黄酮(Tengcha flavonoids，TCF)对四氯化碳(CCl4)诱导的小鼠急性肝损伤的影响。方法 用腹腔注射CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤模型，测定不同剂量的TCF对肝损伤血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)和天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)活性、肝中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、肝中丙二醛(MDA)的影响，同时对肝组织进行病理学检查。结果 TCF具有剂量依赖性地降低CCl4致小鼠肝损伤血清ALT、AST值升高，降低肝组织匀浆中MDA的含量，增强SOD的活性，减轻CCl4对肝脏细胞的病理损伤。结论 TCF对CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤具有一定的保护作用。     

玉米黄质对化学诱导小鼠急性肝损伤的预防研究

目的:研究玉米黄质对四氯化碳(CCl4)所致小鼠急性化学性肝损伤的保护作用。方法:雄性昆明种小鼠60只,随机分为正常对照组、急性化学性肝损伤模型组、联苯双酯阳性对照组以及玉米黄质低、中、高剂量组,测定并比较各组小鼠肝脏系数,血清中丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性与丙二醛(MDA)含量;测定肝组织中SOD、GSH-Px活性、MDA含量以及组织病理系数。结果:玉米黄质各剂量组均能升高急性化学性肝损伤小鼠血清与肝组织SOD、GSH-Px活性(P<0.01),降低血清ALT、AST活性(P<0.01)和降低血清与肝组织MDA含量(P<0.01),并能不同程度地改善肝脏病理损伤。结论:玉米黄质对CCl4所致急性化学性肝损伤具有预防性保护作用。     

金针菇多糖对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的探讨金针菇多糖（polysaccharides of Flammulina velutipes,FVP）对CCl4诱导的急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法小鼠腹腔注射CCl4橄榄油溶液（0.5%,5 mL.kg^-1）12、24、48、72 h后测定血清ALT,确定CCl4急性肝损伤造模最佳时间为24 h。FVP（75,150,300 mg.kg^-1）连续口服给药8 d,第7天采用CCl4制备小鼠急性化学性肝损伤模型,24 h后测定FVP对血清ALT、AST活性,肝匀浆SOD活性、MDA含量的影响。结果 FVP能显著降低CCl4致急性肝损伤小鼠血清ALT、AST活性,提高肝匀浆SOD的活性,降低MDA的含量。结论金针菇多糖对CCl4诱发的小鼠应激性肝损伤有一定的保护作用。     

黄疸草抗脂质过氧化作用的实验研究

目的 :研究黄疸草对无损伤小鼠和对四氯化碳 (CCl4 )诱导小鼠脂质过氧化反应的影响。方法 :通过对小鼠的体内实验 ,测定无损伤小鼠和由CCl4 诱导急性肝损伤小鼠血清、肝组织中丙二醛(MDA)的含量及超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)的活性。结果 :黄疸草可明显降低无损伤小鼠和由CCl4诱导急性肝损伤小鼠血清、肝组织中MAD的生成量 (P <0 .0 5 ,P <0 .0 1,P <0 .0 0 1) ,明显升高血清、肝组织中SOD的活性 (P <0 .0 1,P <0 .0 0 1)。结论 :黄疸草具有抗脂质过氧化作用。     

葛根总黄酮对小鼠急性肝损伤保护作用的实验研究

目的:探讨葛根总黄酮对CCl4所致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用,同时进一步探讨葛根总黄酮抗肝损伤可能的作用机制.方法:用四氯化碳(CCl4)制备急性肝损伤动物模型.测定血清中天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)和丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、肝组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力及丙二醛(MDA)含量,并观察肝组织形态学变化.结果:葛根总黄酮能显著降低CCl4所致小鼠血清AST、ALT含量的升高(P＜0.01),并能升高SOD的活性,降低MDA含量(P＜0.05);减轻对肝细胞的病理性损害.结论:葛根总黄酮对CCl4所致的小鼠急性肝损伤具有一定的保护作用,其机制可能与清除氧自由基和抗脂质过氧化有关.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.