牛胆粉等3种特色蒙药材的薄层色谱鉴别研究

目的建立特色蒙药材牛胆粉、蓍草、酸梨的薄层鉴别标准。方法采用薄层色谱法对牛胆粉、羊胆粉、蓍草、酸梨进行定性鉴别。结果薄层分离度好,斑点清晰,重现性良好。结论该方法简便、可靠、准确,可用于蒙药牛胆粉、蓍草、酸梨的质量控制。     

一枝蒿与混淆品千叶蓍草的鉴别

通过对一枝蒿、千叶蓍草的生药性状鉴别、粉末显微鉴别及紫外光谱鉴别，找出了两者的区别特征，对正确识别、使用这两种药具有一定的实用价值。     

蒙药哈日阿-布日-16质量标准研究

目的:通过显微鉴别、薄层色谱鉴别建立哈日阿-布日-16质量的定性研究方法。方法:采用显微方法鉴别蒙药制剂哈日阿-布日-16中的冬青叶、石膏、甘草、丁香和红花5种药材,薄层色谱法鉴别蒙药制剂哈日阿-布日-16中的木香和红花2种药材。结果:显微鉴别中冬青叶、石膏、甘草、丁香和红花特征显著,具有专属性,重现性好。木香和红花的薄层色谱鉴别专属性强,无干扰,重现性好。结论:确定处方中冬青叶、石膏、甘草、丁香、木香和红花的鉴别方法建立蒙药制剂哈日阿-布日-16质量标准。     

蒙药串铃草的生药学研究

对蒙药串铃草进行了药材性状、显微特征、理化鉴别等方面的研究,为该药材的鉴别提供了依据。     

蒙药达日布-5显微鉴别研究

利用显微鉴别方法对蒙药达日布-5显微特征进行观察,为该药的质量控制提供鉴别依据.     

蒙药达日布-5显微鉴别研究

利用显微鉴别方法对蒙药达日布-5显微特征进行观察，为该药的质量控制提供鉴别依据。     

蒙药水柏枝的生药学研究

本文对蒙药水柏枝进行了药材性状、显微特征和理化鉴别等方面的研究,为该药材的使用提供了鉴别依据.     

蒙药水柏枝的生药学研究

本文对蒙药水柏枝进行了药材性状、显微特征和理化鉴别等方面的研究，为该药材的使用提供了鉴别依据。     

蒙药巴特尔—７丸定性研究

目的：探讨蒙药巴特尔－７丸的质量控制标准。方法：利用显微鉴别及理化鉴别方法对蒙药巴特尔－７丸进行定性研究。结果：化学鉴别结果表明,银朱的特征明显,从薄层色谱看诃子等其它组分的特征较明显。结论：此方法简便、快速、可靠、可作为该制剂质量控制手段。     

蒙药毛勒日达布斯—4汤的定性研究

应用显微鉴别和理化鉴别方法对蒙药毛勒日达布斯-4汤进行了定性研究,鉴别特征明显,重视性好,可作为该药的定性标准。     

螳螂跌打的生药学研究

目的：对螳螂跌打Pothos scandensL．的茎、叶进行系统生药学研究。方法：采用来源鉴别、性状鉴别、显微鉴别、理化鉴别的方法进行分析。结果：螳螂跌打的生药学特征明显,理化实验表明：螳螂跌打含有皂苷类、香豆素及其苷类、有机酸类等成分。结论：为其制订质量标准、开发利用及同属植物的鉴别提供了基础性研究资料。     

Anticonflict actions of aqueous extracts of flowers of Achillea millefolium L. vary according to the estrous cycle phases in Wistar rats

Anticonflict-like effects of aqueous extract of flowers of Achillea millefolium L., a plant with purported anxiolytic actions, were studied in female Wistar rats during late proestrus or diestrus. During late proestrus (p < 0.05), control rats displayed reduced conflict behavior compared with diestrus. Diazepam (2.0 mg/kg; i.p.) reduced conflict behavior both during late proestrus (p < 0.05) or diestrus (p < 0.05). Doses of 8.0 mg/kg (p < 0.05), 10.0 mg/kg (p < 0.05) or 12.0 mg/kg (p < 0.05) of Achillea millefolium reduced conflict behavior during late proestrus. Conversely, during diestrus, only the dose of 12.0 mg/kg (p < 0.05) of Achillea millefolium L. reduced conflict behavior. In conclusion, the anticonflict-like actions of Achillea millefolium L. may vary according to the estrous cycle phase.     

In vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts of four Achillea species: the composition of Achillea clavennae L. (Asteraceae) extract

The extracts of aerial parts of Achillea clavennae, Achillea holosericea, Achillea lingulata and Achillea millefolium (hexane:ether:methanol=1:1:1) have been tested for antimicrobial activity in a disk diffusion assay against five bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella enteritidis) and two fungi (Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans). Extracts of all four species possessed a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against all tested strains. The composition of the extract of Achillea clavennae, which showed the strongest activity, was investigated and the structures of isolated compounds were elucidated by spectral means (1D and 2D NMR, UV, IR and MS). The extract yielded alkanes, fatty acids, monoterpenes, guaiane sesquiterpenes (rupicolin A and B, 1-deoxy-1alpha-peroxy-rupicolin A and B), and flavonoids (apigenin and centaureidin). This study confirms the ethnopharmacological use of plants from this genus and places Achillea clavennae L. on the same level as the recognized Achillea millefolium.     

闭鞘姜类药材的鉴别研究

目的：为闭鞘姜类药材的鉴定和质量标准提供依据。方法：对闭鞘姜、莴笋花和光叶闭鞘姜根茎进行生药性状、组织显微和薄层色谱鉴别，对3种植物的叶表皮显微特征进行比较。结果：根茎横切面中柱鞘内侧维管束环导管的排列情况、导管中草酸钙结晶的存在、皮层和木栓细胞中草酸钙结晶的类型、薯蓣皂苷元的薄层色谱定性等是主要的鉴别特征。结论：3种药材可通过以上研究结果加以鉴别。     

木槿叶的生药学研究

目的为木槿Hibiscus syriacus L.的质量评价标准提供科学资料。方法生药学鉴定法。结果描述木槿叶片和粉末的性状特征及显微特征。结论木槿叶的性状特征和显微特征可用于鉴别该生药。     

Anxiolytic-like effects of acute and chronic treatment with Achillea millefolium L. extract

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae), known as yarrow (“mil folhas”), has been used as folk medicine for gastrointestinal disorders, inflammation, anxiety, and insomnia.

Aim

To evaluate the potential anxiolytic-like effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Achillea millefolium L. in animal models.

Methods

The present study evaluated the effects of the hydroalcoholic extract from the aerial parts of Achillea millefolium L. in mice subjected to the elevated plus-maze, marble-burying, and open-field tests. Additionally, the GABA_A/benzodiazepine (BDZ) mediation of the effects of Achillea millefolium was evaluated by pretreatment with the noncompetitive GABA_A receptor antagonist picrotoxin and the BDZ antagonist flumazenil and by [³H]-flunitrazepam binding to the BDZ site on the GABA_A receptor.

Results

Achillea millefolium exerted anxiolytic-like effects in the elevated plus-maze and marble-burying test after acute and chronic (25 days) administration at doses that did not alter locomotor activity. This behavioral profile was similar to diazepam. The effects of Achillea millefolium in the elevated plus-maze were not altered by picrotoxin pretreatment but were partially blocked by flumazenil. Furthermore, Achillea millefolium did not induce any changes in [³H]-flunitrazepam binding.

Conclusion

The results indicate that the orally administered hydroalcoholic extract of Achillea millefolium L. exerted anxiolytic-like effects that likely were not mediated by GABA_A/BDZ neurotransmission and did not present tolerance after short-term, repeated administration.     

苍耳子与伪品小刺蒴麻的鉴别

目的鉴别苍耳子与伪品小刺蒴麻。方法用性状鉴别与显微观察方法对两者进行比较研究。结果两者外观性状与显微特征有差异,易于区别。结论本研究可作为苍耳子与伪品苍耳子小刺蒴麻的鉴别方法。     

吴茱萸药材的生药学鉴定

目的完善吴茱萸药材的生药学鉴定方法,为其质量标准的制定提供实验参考。方法采用原植物、性状、显微、薄层鉴别方法。结果描述了原植物形态特征、药材性状特征、横切面及粉末显微特征和薄层色谱特征。结论这些特征可作为吴茱萸药材的鉴别依据。     

傣药"哥嘎"的显微鉴别

芸香科植物竹叶椒Zanthoylum armatum DC.的根、茎皮、叶和果实为我国傣族及多个少数民族使用的药材,傣药名"哥嘎"。本文报道了其茎皮、叶的显微鉴别特征,绘制了组织、粉末显微图。结果表明,该品茎皮、叶的横切面与粉末显微特征明显,可作为该药材开发推广应用的鉴别参考依据。     

樟榕子来源及形态组织学的研究

目的：研究樟榕子来源及形态组织学鉴别。方法：通过文献考证和产区的实地考察，并进行药材形状、显微的鉴别研究。结果：确定了樟榕子的基原与药用部位。结论：樟榕子系樟树Cinnamomum camphora果实感染樟粉果菌Exobasidium sawadaw后，由子实层与果实形成的菌瘿，形态组织学的特征可作药材鉴别的依据。