强化SOD刺梨汁对铅中毒大鼠、小鼠的治疗作用

 目的：观察强化SOD刺梨汁（简称SOD刺梨汁）对铅中毒动物的驱铅作用，及其对铅中毒动物体内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化脂质(LPO)和免疫功能的影响。方法：用大鼠、小鼠建立铅中毒模型，检测SOD刺梨汁对大鼠的排铅量、SOD活性和LPO含量，以及小鼠免疫功能的变化，并与临床常用药物EDTA进行比较。结果：SOD刺梨汁能显著地增加铅中毒大鼠铅排出量。而且能显著地升高SOD活性和减少LPO含量，明显地增强铅中毒小鼠的免疫功能。这些作用是EDTA所没有的。结论：SOD刺梨汁对铅中毒动物比EDTA具有更为全面的治疗作用。     

强化SOD刺梨汁对砷中毒大鼠、小鼠的治疗研究

 目的 观察强化SOD刺梨汁对砷中毒大鼠血红细胞SOD,血浆MDA及其排砷、保肾作用和对小鼠免疫功能及微核的影响。方法 分别以大鼠和小鼠建立砷中毒动物模型, 以二巯基丙磺酸钠(DMPS)作阳性对照,观察强化SOD刺梨汁对砷中毒大鼠的排砷作用,以及对SOD活性、MDA浓度和肾功能的影响, 并观察小鼠免疫功能及微核的变化。结果 强化SOD刺梨汁对砷中毒大鼠有排砷作用但弱于DMPS, 能有效地纠正砷中毒大鼠血中SOD活性降低、MDA浓度升高、肾功能损伤以及小鼠微核增多、免疫功能下降。结论 强化SOD刺梨汁对砷中毒动物显示出较好的防治作用,包括排砷作用,以及对砷中毒造成的继发性损害有明显的保护作用,其综合作用明显优于DMPS。     

姬松茸菌孢多糖抗突变作用的实验研究

目的:通过研究姬松茸菌孢多糖对小鼠染色体畸变和微核形成的影响,探讨其抗突变作用。方法:用姬松茸菌孢多糖80mg/kg.d-1、40mg/kg.d-1、20mg/kg.d-1给各组小鼠灌胃,连续10d,于第9d腹腔注射环磷酰胺40mg/kg,染色体畸变实验,在处死动物前4小时腹腔注射秋水仙碱4mg/kg。取骨髓计数300个骨髓细胞分裂中期细胞染色体畸变细胞数、计算抑制率,观察1000个嗜多染红细胞中形成微核的细胞数。结果:姬松茸菌孢多糖能显著抑制染色体畸变(P<0.01),抑制率随剂量的增加而升高;能显著抑制微核形成(P<0.01),抑制率随剂量的增加而升高。结论:姬松茸菌孢多糖能显著抑制小鼠染色体畸变和微核形成,具有较强的抗突变作用。     

针灸抗突变效应的实验研究

目的　研究针灸的抗突变效应。方法　以小鼠为实验动物 ,分正常对照组 ,阳性对照组 ,针灸预防Ⅰ ,Ⅱ组 ,针灸治疗Ⅰ ,Ⅱ组 ,针刺实验组小鼠足三里、艾灸关元穴 ,检测小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率及染色体畸变率。结果　阳性对照组与正常对照组比较骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率及染色体畸变率明显升高 ,预防各组和治疗各组与阳性对照组比较明显降低(P <0 .0 0 1)。结论　针灸具有抗突变效应。     

桦菌芝多糖的抗突变作用研究

目的：研究桦菌芝多糖对环磷酰胺（CP）致小鼠微核率、染色体畸变率改变的影响,以探讨其对突变的拮抗作用。方法：60只小鼠随机分成6组,分别为对照组、桦菌芝多糖低剂量组、桦菌芝多糖中剂量组、桦菌芝多糖高剂量组、猪苓多糖组、环磷酰胺组。连续8d给药,于第9、10d给予环磷酰胺,于第10d注射环磷酰胺后,颈椎脱臼法处死试验动物。取骨髓常规制片,光学显微镜观察计数微核和染色体个数。结果：与阳性对照组比较,高中低3个剂量组微核形成率和染色体畸变率有显著的差异（P〈0．05）。结论：桦菌芝多糖具有抗突变作用。     

金荞麦的致突变和抗突变研究

本文用Ames法对金荞麦的致突变和抗突变性进行了研究。结果表明:金荞麦在0.001mg/皿—5mg/皿7个剂量未发现阳性突变反应,并对正定霉素和甲基甲烷磺酸酯所诱发TA98和TA100菌株的突变,具有抗突变的作用。     

四物汤抗氟尿嘧啶诱变作用的研究

四物汤出自《仙授理伤续断秘方》,现为中医补血调血的基本方剂。现代研究表明,补益类方药对临床常用化疗药物（如环磷酰胺等）有明显的抗诱变作用,其中对补血药的研究较少且方法单一。故在本实验中,我们选取补血的经典方四物汤,     

芦笋汁抗突变作用的研究

用微核（ＭＮ）试验、姐妹染色单体交换（ＳＣＥ）及精子畸形试验探讨芦笋汁对环磷酰胺（ＣＰ）致突变作用的影响,结果表明,单纯芦笋汁对小鼠骨髓细胞ＭＮ、ＳＣＥ及精子畸形无明显影响,但一定剂量芦笋汁可使ＣＰ诱发的ＭＮ率降低、ＳＣＥ减少、精子畸形率下降、均有剂量－效应关系和统计学意义。     

竹叶黄酮抗突变作用的体外实验研究

目的为了探讨竹叶黄酮的保健作用。方法利用鼠伤寒沙门氏菌营养缺陷型回复突变实验(Ames实验)对竹叶黄酮进行了体外抗突变作用的研究。结果竹叶黄酮具有显著的抗突变作用,当其剂量为20mg/平皿时对2-AF,B[a]P和AFB1的致突变性抑制率均达到70.5%以上,并且呈明显的剂量-效应关系。结论竹叶黄酮的抗突变作用主要是通过阻断致突变物使正常细胞变为突变细胞而实现的,也包括部分去突变作用,但促进突变细胞修复的作用不明显。     

联苯双酯的致突变性研究

 联苯双酯为一新的治疗乙型病毒肝炎药物，本文对其致突变性进行了评价。当联苯双酯的浓度在１０，５０，１００和５００μｇ／皿，无论加或不加Ｓ＿９混合物对ＴＡ＿（９８）、ＴＡ＿（１００）、ＴＡ＿（１５３５）和ＴＡ＿（１５３７）菌株的回复突变作用均为阴性；当给昆明种小鼠剂量为３０００，１５００和７５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ的联苯双酯时，骨髓嗜多染细胞的微核率分别为３．３‰，３．３‰和１．７‰；当浓度为５００，２５０和１２５μｇ／ｍｌ对中国仓鼠肺细胞的染色体畸变率为３‰，２‰和２‰，上述结果表明，联苯双酯没有致突作用。     

染料木素原料药的致突变性研究

目的 染料木素原料药致突变性研究。方法 采用鼠伤寒沙门氏菌回复突变试验(Ames 试验)、小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验、小鼠睾丸精母细胞染色体畸变试验。结果 染料木素原料药各剂量组对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌株TA97，TA98，TAl00，TAl02无诱变性；也无诱发小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率和睾丸精母细胞染色体畸变率增加的作用(与溶剂对照组比较，P＞0．05)。结论 在本试验条件下，染料木素原料药无致突变作用。     

Antimutagenic Potential and Modulation of Carcinogen‐Metabolizing Enzymes by Ginger Essential Oil

Essential oil extracted from ginger (GEO) was evaluated for its mutagenicity to Salmonella typhimurium TA 98, TA 100, TA 102, and TA 1535 strains with and without microsomal activation. GEO was found to be non‐mutagenic up to a concentration of 3 mg/plate. It was also assessed for antimutagenic potential against direct acting mutagens such as sodium azide, 4‐nitro‐o‐phenylenediamine, N‐methyl‐N′‐nitro‐N‐nitrosoguanidine, tobacco extract, and 2‐acetamidoflourene, which needs microsomal activation. GEO significantly inhibited (p < 0.001) the mutagenicity induced by these agents in a concentration‐dependent manner. The effect of GEO to modulate the action of phase I carcinogen‐metabolizing enzymes was investigated by studying its effect on various isoforms of microsomal cytochrome P450 enzymes. Significant inhibition of CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP2B1/2, aniline hydroxylase (an indicator of CYP 2E1 activity), and aminopyrine‐N‐demethylase (indicator of CYP 1A, 2A, 2B, 2D, and 3A activity) was shown by GEO both in vitro and in vivo. GEO gave an IC₅₀ value of 30, 57.5, and 40 µg for CYP1A1, CYP1A2, and CYP2B1/2, respectively, 55 µg for aniline hydroxylase, and 37.5 µg for aminopyrene‐N‐demethylase. GEO also significantly increased the levels of phase II carcinogen‐metabolizing enzymes uridine 5′‐diphospho‐glucuronyl transferase and glutathione‐S‐transferase in vivo indicating the use of GEO as an antimutagen and as a potential chemopreventive agent. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Antimutagenic effect of broccoli flower head by the ames salmonella reverse mutation assay

A study was performed to investigate the antimutagenic effect of broccoli flower head by the Ames Salmonella reverse mutation assay. Broccoli flower head being the most highly edible part in the plant was analysed for its antimutagenic effect. Without isolating the phytomolecules, the crude ethanol extract of broccoli flower head was tested for suppressing the mutagenic effect induced by certain chemical mutagens. Three strains - TA 98, TA102 and TA 1535 were used in the study. The tester strains were challenged with their respective mutagens. These were challenged with the ethanol extract of broccoli flower head at concentrations of 23 and 46 mg/plate. The plates were incubated for 72 h and the revertant colonies were counted. The crude extract did not prove to be promutagenic. The ethanol extract of the broccoli flower head at 46 mg/plate suppressed the mutagenic effect induced by the corresponding positive mutagens on all the three tester strains used in this study. The crude extract of broccoli flower head alone was not cytotoxic even at the maximum concentration tested (46 mg/plate). In conclusion, the ethanol extract of broccoli at 46 mg/plate suggests their diverse antimutagenic potential against the mutagenic chemicals employed in this study.     

姜制对栀子中主要化学成分的影响

目的:比较分析栀子姜制前后主成分的含量变化趋势.方法:UPLC同时测定4个二萜色素类成分(C-1,C-2,C-3,C)含量,Agilent Poroshell 120 EC-C18柱,流动相甲醇-0.5％甲酸水不同梯度洗脱,检测波长440 nm,流速0.4mL·min-1,柱温35℃;HPLC同时测定2个环烯醚萜苷类成分(G-1,G-2)含量,Agilent TC-C18(2)柱,流动相乙腈-0.5％甲酸溶液(18∶ 82),检测波长238 nm,流速1.0 mL·min-1,柱温35℃.结果:栀子经姜制后二萜色素类成分总量略有降低,环烯醚萜苷类成分总量略有升高.结论:栀子姜制前后主成分含量略有升高,但总体上差异不大.     

The effect of concentrated pomegranate juice consumption on risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized controlled trial

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Pomegranate juice is a rich source of polyphenols that may improve blood pressure, lipid profile, and other risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). No study has examined the effects of pomegranate juice consumption on the clinical outcomes of PCOS. This study aimed to examine the effects of concentrated pomegranate juice (CPJ) consumption on risk factors of CVDs in women with PCOS. In this randomized clinical trial, 44 PCOS women with an age range of 18–40 years and body mass index (BMI) of ≥25 kg/m² were recruited. They were randomly allocated to the CPJ (n = 22) and control (n = 22) groups, and followed for 8 weeks. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure, and biochemical parameters were measured at baseline and at the end of the trial. Compared with the control group, CPJ consumption significantly reduced systolic (?9.77 ± 1.46 vs. ?1.18 ± 1.46 mmHg, p < .001) and diastolic (?3.87 ± 1.36 vs. 0.30 ± 1.36 mmHg, p = .05) blood pressure, serum triglyceride (TG) levels (?7.82 ± 6.32 vs. 16.63 ± 6.32 mg/dl, p = .01), TG/high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (HDL‐C) ratio (?0.39 ± 0.24 vs. 0.66 ± 0.24, p = .007), and increased serum concentrations of low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (LDL‐C) (6.03 ± 2.47 vs. ?1.98 ± 2.47 mg/dl, p = .04) and HDL‐C (1.93 ± 1.10 vs. ?1.78 ± 1.10 mg/dl, p = .03). These findings were obtained after taking baseline measurements and potential confounders into account. No adverse event or complication was reported due to CPJ consumption throughout the study. We found that CPJ consumption has a beneficial effect on blood pressure, serum concentrations of TG and HDL‐C, and TG/HDL‐C ratio in women with PCOS. However, this juice could increase serum LDL‐C levels in these patients. This trial was registered at www.irct.ir as IRCT20191109045383N1.     

疏肝导浊方对脂肪肝家兔的AST＼ALT、ALP、NO、SOD和MDA的影响

【目的】观察疏肝导浊方对脂肪肝家兔肝功能及抗氧化作用的影响。[方法]采用高脂饲料喂饲家兔6周,诱导形成脂肪肝模型,实验分组为疏肝导浊方高、中、低（8、4、2g／kg）剂量组、东宝肝泰对照组、模型组和空白对照组,检测各组肝功能、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）、一氧化氮（NO）水平。[结果]模型组肝功能、SOD明显下降（P〈0．05）,MDA明显增加（P〈0．01）;疏肝导浊方中、低剂量组SOD明显升高（P〈0．05）。【结论】疏肝导浊方可有效提高脂肪肝家兔的抗氧化作用。     

疏肝导浊方对脂肪肝家兔的AST、ALT、ALP、NO、SOD和MDA的影响

【目的】观察疏肝导浊方对脂肪肝家兔肝功能及抗氧化作用的影响。[方法]采用高脂饲料喂饲家兔6周,诱导形成脂肪肝模型,实验分组为疏肝导浊方高、中、低（8、4、2g／kg）剂量组、东宝肝泰对照组、模型组和空白对照组,检测各组肝功能、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）、一氧化氮（NO）水平。[结果]模型组肝功能、SOD明显下降（P〈0．05）,MDA明显增加（P〈0．01）;疏肝导浊方中、低剂量组SOD明显升高（P〈0．05）。【结论】疏肝导浊方可有效提高脂肪肝家兔的抗氧化作用。     

GC-MS分析栀子姜制前后挥发油的化学组成成分变化

目的:比较栀子姜制前后挥发油中的化学成分在组成和含量 上的变化,为阐释姜栀子配伍炮制的物质基础内涵提供科学依据.方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取栀子、生姜、姜栀子中的挥发油,利用GC-MS鉴定并比较分析3个样品中化学成分变化,应用峰面积归一化法计算各成分的相对质量分数.结果:栀子、生姜、姜栀子挥发油的质量分数分别为1.0,2.0,1.5μL·g-1.从栀子、生姜和姜栀子挥发油中分别检出42,75,77个色谱峰,总共鉴定了89种化合物,其中栀子30种、生姜58种、姜栀子67种,分别占挥发油总量的94.10％,90.52％,94.38％.结论:栀子姜制后挥发油成分在含量和组成上均发生了明显变化.