对比剂跟踪技术在下肢DSA中的应用

遥控对比剂跟踪血管摄影技术(Blous Chsaingimage)是一种动态数字减影血管造影(DSA)技术,主要用于观察大范围血管形态结构及病变情况,适用于主动脉及四肢动脉的血管检查,在观察血管解剖和血流方面,较分段DSA血管造影有许多优越性。我院自2003年7月~2005年7月期间,对疑有下肢动脉血管病变的24例病例施行了48次对比剂跟踪血管造影检查,取得了较好的效果,现将我们的体会报告如下。1材料与方法本组24例患者中,男性17例,女性7例,年龄16~75岁,平均年龄45.6岁。所有患者均行双下肢动脉血管造影,对比剂跟踪血管造影48次。使用美国GE公司Advantx…     

全下肢动脉血管造影技术的临床应用探讨

目的比较血管造影跟踪法(bolus chasing angiography,BCA)与传统法(static digital subtraction angiography,DSA)的技术特点。方法回顾性分析了我院61例全下肢动脉血管造影患者的造影技术参数,其中31例采用BCA、30例采用DSA血管造影技术。分别对完成造影时间、对比剂用量、图像质量、患者吸收辐射剂量(dose-area product,DAP)进行对照分析。结果2种造影技术对比显示:DSA的图像质量在显示胫腓血管上优于BCA,但是DAP值高,对比剂用量多以及检查时间长。经统计学处理,二者差异均具有显著性(P<0.00)。结论BCA与DSA相比具有造影时间短,对比剂量用量少,DAP低的特点,DSA局部观察血管情况较细致。因此,先行BCA筛查,然后针对病变加做局部DSA。     

二氧化碳造影在移植肾动脉狭窄诊断和球囊扩张术中的应用

目的：评价用二氧化碳（CO2）作为对比剂行移植肾动脉狭窄诊断和成形术的可行性和有效性。资料与方法：对9例怀疑移植肾动脉狭窄者行CO2数字减影血管造影（CO2－DSA），并对狭窄病变在重叠透视定位下行球囊扩张。其中3例在扩张前后同时行非离子型碘对比剂造影。结果：CO2－DSA均清晰显示吻合口后移植肾动脉50％以上的狭窄，均一次性扩张成功。3例中CO2－DSA与碘对比剂造影结果相符。无血清肌酐显著上升和严重并发症。结论：为避免对比剂可能导致的肾毒性，CO2作为对比剂行移植肾动脉狭窄诊断和球囊扩张术后DSA是可行、有效的。     

DSA上肢静脉造影

作者介绍16例用DSA和13例常规血管造影进行上肢静脉造影的对比研究。经手背、前臂或肘窝前用18—20号血管造影套管针或19—21号的蝶形针穿入静脉。如果两侧都有临床问题或需要估价上腔静脉时,可行双侧注射。手推20％泛影葡胺,以1帧/秒速度摄片。每次观察用20—25ml,每次检查平均观察两次。常规血管造影人工注射较小剂量60％泛影葡胺,每隔三秒摄一片。每次检查做一至二次常规血管造影。作者用DSA静脉造影诊断静脉血栓15例(71％),而常规造影诊断9例(69％)。DSA造影剂平均用量61ml,含碘量相当于60％ROM22ml。常规静脉造影用71ml60％ROM。病     

MSCTA在四肢血管疾病中的临床应用

目的:探讨多层螺旋CT血管成像(MSCTA)在四肢血管性病变中的临床应用价值。方法:搜集40例行四肢 MSCTA检查的患者,7例同时行DSA检查。使用GE4层及16层螺旋CT机进行血管成像检查,将扫描数据传至工作 站,采用容积再现(VR)、最大密度投影(MIP)、表面遮盖显示(SSD)及曲面重建(CPR)4种技术进行图像重组。结果:40 例患者中,假性动脉瘤伴动静脉漏3例,深静脉血栓15例,恶性肿瘤5例,外伤血管断裂术后复查3例,血管探查4例,骨 移植术后复查、前臂血管瘤、胫后动脉闭塞、左胫后动脉闭塞、膝关节骨折及外伤性肱动脉断裂各2例。本组病例检查成 功率为100%。7例与DSA进行对比研究显示,DSA只观察到与血流相关的信息,而MSCTA可同时观察到血流、瘤体、 骨组织、软组织及其结构关系。后处理技术中以VR及MIP法显示血管效果较好。结论:MSCTA创伤小,图像清晰,后 处理功能强大,有助于观察血管病变及其与周围结构的关系,是四肢血管病变较为理想的检查方法。     

旋转DSA技术及COMPAS功能在血管造影中的应用

目的探讨旋转DSA及COMPAS技术在血管造影中的应用。方法使用GE数字减影机对疑有血管病变的30例进行常规正侧位检查,而后选择合适的技术参数,对18例进行旋转DSA检查。结果18例患者病变血管位置清晰可见。12例脑血管造影中,11例避开了对比剂血管影的重叠,1例显示不佳;6例肝、肾动脉造影均清晰显示狭窄位置。结论旋转DSA技术及COMPAS功能能显示大多数特殊复杂病变血管并能辅助定位,是常规DSA的重要补充,对病变的诊断及治疗有很大价值。     

多轴向旋转DSA在肢体血管诊疗中的应用

目的：探讨多轴向旋转DSA在肢体血管造影中的应用价值。方法：应用PHILIPS V5000数字成像系统对58例四肢血管行多轴向旋转DSA检查,并作回顾性分析。结果：58例旋转DSA影像均避开了多支血管的相互重叠,较好地显示病变处血管的起源、走向、分布、轮廓及假性动脉瘤的瘘口。结论：多轴向旋转DSA技术能更好地显示病变的供血血管和分支结构,多方位、清晰地显示迂曲血管分支的走行、正常解剖和异常改变,是对常规血管造影的重要补充。     

DSA技术在兔肝脏介入实验中的应用研究

目的探讨兔肝脏介入实验中DSA图像的影响因素及处理措施。材料与方法分析60只次大白兔肝动脉造影栓塞前后的DSA图像。结果大白兔肝动脉造影图像中,优者48只次(80％);良者9只次(15％);差者3只次(5％)。结论动物术前准备、术中呼吸运动的控制、对比剂的适当应用、滤过材料的选择、术后图像的后处理等对保证动物实验中的DSA图像质量具有重要的意义。     

肝脏16层螺旋CT增强多期相扫描及血管成像的综合应用

目的:探索16层螺旋CT在肝脏多期相扫描设置的优化及血管成像的综合应用技术,以期提高肝脏疾病的诊断准确率.方法:参照肝脏增强时间密度曲线,选择兼顾肝动脉、门静脉成像及肝内病变检出的最佳时间段设置扫描期相.采用此期相设置对40例经B超发现肝脏有病变的患者进行16层CT增强检查.将所得双期血管成像与其中12例行数字减影血管造影(DSA)检查的患者进行比较,作出前瞻性诊断后追踪病理及临床综合资料并作比较.结果:在注射对比剂后40例患者病变均能检出,且前瞻性诊断符合率达95%,双期血管成像与DSA比较有较好的相似性.结论:肝脏16层CT多期相设置及血管成像的综合技术有较高的临床应用价值.     

DSA步进技术在糖尿病下肢血管病变诊断中的应用

目的 回顾性分析评价DSA步进技术在下肢血管造影中的应用对糖尿病足诊断的优越性.方法 对2004年1月到2010年3月45例怀疑有下肢血管病变的糖尿病患者行下肢DSA检查,其中24例(31肢)采用DSA步进技术检查,21例(21肢)采用传统的分段DSA检查,观察2种下肢血管造影方法所用的对比剂量、总曝光量、检查耗时以及诊断效果,并进行对比分析研究.结果 步进DSA组平均每侧下肢平均使用对比剂25.26 ml、总检查平均耗时37.26 min,曝光摄片时间平均13.23 s,平均摄片101.65帧;在分段DSA组中上述指标分别为130.00 ml、50.48 min、52.38 s、118.33帧,两组差异有统计学意义.步进DSA组和分段DSA组中图像分别90.3%、90.5%达优,所有图像均达到诊断要求.结论 DSA步进技术可很好地显示糖尿病下肢血管病变,可以一次获得满足诊断要求的影像资料,减少手术操作时间,降低对比剂用量,减少射线接受量.     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.