血清胱抑素C在儿童肾脏疾病中的应用研究

目的研究血清胱抑素C(CYS-C)作为肾小球滤过率的指标在儿童肾脏疾病诊断中的意义。方法以内生肌酐清除率(Ccr)对三种临床上常见的肾脏疾病患儿进行分组,测定患儿血清CYS-C浓度,并与反映肾小球滤过功能的常用指标血清肌酐(Cr)、血清尿素氮(BUN)和β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG)进行比较。结果与正常对照组比较,血清CYS-C和β2-MG浓度在Ccr>80时即有显著性差异,而血清BUN和Cr只有当Ccr<80时才具显著性差异。在肾脏疾病非肾衰期,血清CYS-C和β2-MG的异常检出率显著高于血清BUN、Cr和Ccr,但在非肾脏疾病中仅β2-MG具有较高异常检出率。结论血清CYS-C是儿童肾脏疾病及其肾小球滤过功能损害早期诊断高敏感性和特异性指标。     

血清胱抑素C评价早期肾功能损害的临床意义探讨

目的 评价血清胱抑素C（Cys C）对早期肾功能损害诊断的临床意义.方法 应用免疫比浊法测定136例肾脏病患者血清Cys C浓度,用Jaffe法测定血清SCr.以内生肌酐清除率（Ccr）测得的肾小球滤过率（GFR）作为诊断评价的金指标,比较Cys C、SCr浓度与GFR的相关性,评估Cys C结果的临床敏感性、特异性和可靠性.结果 血清Cys C、SCr浓度与GFR均呈显著相关（P＜0.01）;以Cys C与GFR的相关程度最密切;且Cys C与SCr显著相关（P＜0.05）.结论 血清Cys C是一个准确、可靠的反映肾小球滤过功能的指标,对诊断肾脏病患者早期肾功能损害具有指导意义.     

胱抑素C的临床应用及检测标准化进展

胱抑素C(Cys C)是一种反映肾小球滤过率的优良内源性标志物.此外,胱抑素C在预测心血管疾病、糖尿病肾病及先兆子痫方面也具有独特的优势.虽然检测胱抑素C的方法众多,但目前由于没有国际标准品,各个厂家的测定结果尚不具有可比性;国际临床化学和实验室医学联盟已经开始解决缺乏胱抑素C标准的问题,并于2010年制备了新的胱抑素C的国际标准品,目前为止,胱抑素C标准化还存在一定的问题,各方仍需共同努力来推进胱抑素C的标准化工作.     

血清胱抑素C与99mTc-DTPA GFR测定在2型糖尿病肾病中的对比研究

探讨血清胱抑素C（Cys C）测定与99mTc-二乙三胺五乙酸（99mTc-DTPA）测定血浆肾小球滤过率（GFR）用于2型糖尿病（T2DM）早期肾功能损害检测的临床意义。对87例T2DM患者分别采用免疫比浊法测定Cys C和肾动态显像测定GFR。结果显示,T2DM组血清Cys C为1.68±0.52mg/L,正常对照组为0.72±0.26 mg/L,T2DM组GFR为93.82±30.25mL/min/1.73m2,正常对照组GFR为107.48±15.23 mL/min/1.73m2,两组间比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。T2DM组的Cys C与GFR呈负相关（r=-0.38）,Cys C随着GFR的下降而升高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：Cys C能反映T2DM患者早期肾功能的损害,免疫比浊方法简便,结果准确,易于推广;肾动态显像GFR测定方法稍复杂,需要专门设备,重复性稍差,但能反映各分肾功能。先用比浊法测定Cys C后再用肾动态显像测定GFR,两者有机结合对早期监测T2DM患者的早期肾功能具有重要意义。     

A Meta-analysis on diagnostic value of serum cystatin C and creatinine for the evaluation of glomerular filtration function in renal transplant patients

Objectives

This meta-analysis aimed to perform a systematic review on comparing the diagnostic value of serum cystatin C and creatinine for glomerular filtration rate in renal transplant patients.

Methods

The data was extracted into 2×2 table after the articles were assessed by the tool of QUADAS and heterogeneity analysis. The SROC curve and meta-analysis were performed by MetaDisc1.4.

Results

Meta-analysis showed that the serum cystatin C had no heterogeneity (P=0.418, I2=2.2%, DOR=25.03), while creatinine heterogeneity was high (P=0.109, I2=37.5%, DOR=9.11). The values of SEN, SPE and SAUC were calculated as 0.86, 0.70 and 0.9015 for cystatin C, and 0.78, 0.73 and 0.8285 for creatinine individually. This study utilized GFR detection and subgroups analysis by cutoff. The PLR was 6.13 and the NLR was 0.12 for cystatin C, compared to SCr (3.72, 0.32). There was homogeneity among these studies using PENIA testing for cystatin C (χ2=2.61, P=0.4560, I2=0.0%.

Conclusions

There were significant correlations among cystatin C , creatinine and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Cystatin C had more sensitivity but less specificity than creatinine for evaluation of GFR. Cystatin C had strong ability in diagnosing renal function after renal transplant and ruling out diagnostic efficacy.     

血清胱抑素C水平与不稳定型心绞痛严重程度的相关性

目的探讨血清胱抑素C水平与不稳定型心绞痛（unstable angina,UA）严重程度的相关性.方法 选取本院不稳定型心绞痛患者147例作为观察组（按Braunwald分级分为三个亚组）,选取同期非冠心病患者50例作为对照组,对四组的血清胱抑素C水平进行检测,并进行比较分析.结果 观察组各亚组血清胱抑素C水平及阳性率明显高于对照组;观察组亚组中血清胱抑素C水平及阳性率,BraunwaldⅢ级组患者明显高于BraunwaldⅡ级组和Ⅰ级组患者,BraunwaldⅡ级组患者亦明显高于Braunwald Ⅰ级组患者,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 血清胱抑素C水平随着不稳定型心绞痛严重程度的加重而升高,检测血清胱抑素C对不稳定型心绞痛严重程度具有一定的预测价值,有助于判断病情,指导治疗.     

原发性高血压肾病患者血清胱抑素C和尿微量白蛋白检测的临床意义

为探讨原发性高血压肾病患者血清胱抑素C和尿微量白蛋白水平的变化及其意义,对71例原发性高血压病患者（其中并发肾病31例,无并发肾病40例）和35名正常人用免疫比浊法和放射免疫分析方法分别检测血清胱抑素C和尿微量白蛋白水平。结果表明,原发性高血压肾病组血清胱抑素C和尿微量白蛋白水平均明显地高于正常组（P〈0.01）,高血压无肾病组与正常组比较无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。血清胱抑素C和尿微量白蛋白含量随原发性高血压肾病的发生以及严重程度逐渐增高,可作为早期诊断原发性高血压肾病较敏感的指标,对于监测早期原发性高血压肾病的发生和病情发展程度有重要意义。     

慢性肾脏病患者肾小球滤过率与血清Cystatin C相关性分析

探讨慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)患者肾小球滤过率(glomentlar filtration rate,GFR)与血清半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂C(cystatin C)的相关性.采用颗粒增强免疫浊度分析法测定340例CKD组患者和60名对照组血清cystatin C,全自动生化分析仪检...     

Serum Cystatin C is a Potential Endogenous Marker for the Estimation of Renal Function in Male Gout Patients with Renal Impairment

Serum creatinine level is the most commonly used indices for assessment of glomerular filtration rate (GFR), even though these indices have been shown to have some limitations in clinical practice. We investigated the diagnostic efficacy of serum cystatin C compared to that of serum creatinine levels and identified the relating factors associated with changes in serum cystatin C levels in gout patients with renal impairment. A total of 68 gouty patients with renal impairment were enrolled in this study. Diagnostic efficacy of serum cystatin C levels was evaluated through non-parametric receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The risk factors for changes in serum cystatin C levels were confirmed using multivariate regression analysis. With 24-hr urine creatinine clearance (Ccr) as the reference for GFR, 1/cystatin C (r=0.702, P<0.001) showed a significantly higher correlation with Ccr than 1/creatinine (r=0.665, P<0.001). Multivariate correlation analysis demonstrated that the clinical parameters for increased serum cystatin C are a higher stage of chronic kidney disease, older age, use of allopurinol, and lower high density lipoprotein-cholesterol. The area under the curve (AUC) at ROC plots identified that of serum cystatin C was significantly greater than that of serum creatinine (AUC 0.804 of cystatin C and AUC 0.745 of creatinine). The study suggests that serum cystatin C is a reliable endogenous marker for the assessment of renal function or GFR in gout patients with renal impairment.     

Cys-C、UREA、Scr检测在急性肾小球肾炎早期肾损伤评估中的意义

目的 探讨胱抑素C(cystatin C,Cys-C)、尿素(UREA)、血肌酐(serum creatinine,Scr)检测在急性肾小球肾炎(acuteglomerulonephritis,AGN)早期肾损伤评估中的意义.方法 选取2014年3月至2015年3月于本院入院治疗的急性感染导致肾小球肾炎患者76例作为研究对象,根据2005年急性肾损伤网络(Acute kidney injury network,AKIN)制定的AKI分期标准将其分为AKI 1期患者28例(观察组A),AKI 2期患者26例(观察组B),AKI 3期患者22例(观察组C),另选取30例本院同期体检健康者作为对照组.测定各组间研究对象Cys-C、UREA及Scr值并进行比较.结果 三项并联试验AGN肾损伤较Cys-C、UREA、Scr单项检测灵敏度提高,特异性降低,阳性预测值降低,阴性预测值提高,准确度降低,降低漏诊率,三项串联联试验AGN肾损伤较Cys-C、UREA、Scr单项检测灵敏度降低,特异度提高,阳性预测值升高,阴性预测值降低,准确度提高,降低误诊率;各组Cys-C、UREA以及Scr指标均随着患者病情的加重而显著升高,差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);结论 Cys-C、UREA、Scr及三项串联、并联试验诊断AGN各有优势,三项指标并联提高灵敏度,降低漏诊率,而三项指标串联提高特异性,降低误诊率,临床上应该根据实际需要选择合适的联合检测方法诊断AGN肾损伤情况.     

同型半胱氨酸和胱抑素C对先兆子痫的预测价值

目的 研究同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)和胱抑素C(Cys C)对先兆子痫的预测价值.方法 检测60名先兆子痫孕妇和正常孕妇在孕第15至16周的Hcy水平.采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析法评价Hcy和Cys C对先兆子痫的预测价值,分析Hcy和Cys C与先兆子痫发生时间的关系.结果 发生先兆子痫的孕妇在第15至16周的Hcy和Cys C水平显著高于正常孕妇.Hcy和Cys C预测先兆子痫的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.79和0.75.Hcy和Cys C水平越高,患者发生先兆子痫的时间越早.结论 妊娠第15至16周的Hcy和Cys C水平可以预测先兆子痫的发生.     

半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂C在肾脏功能早期损伤评估中的应用

目的:探讨半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂C(Cystatin C)在肾脏功能早期损伤评估中的应用。方法:检测1338例患者Cystatin C、血尿素(Urea)、血肌酐(Scr)和尿微量蛋白(UMP)。结果:Scr在UMP正常和异常组的比较中,P值>0.05;而Cystatin C的P值<0.01。结论:Cystatin C在肾功能早期损伤评估中灵敏度和特异性比Scr高,可作为肾功能早期损伤的标志物。     

24 h尿微量白蛋白、血清胱抑素C水平与血清肌酐、尿素水平在2型糖尿病肾病早期诊断的意义

目的 探讨24 h尿微量白蛋白和血清胱抑素C水平以及血清肌酐、尿素水平在2型糖尿病肾病早期诊断中的意义。方法 选取2016年1月~2017年1月于我院住院的糖尿病肾病患者120例,按UAER分为三组:A组（UAER＜30 mg/24h）35例,B组（UAER 30~300 mg/24h）60例,C组（UAER＞300 mg/24h）25例,测定CysC、SCr、Urea的水平及阳性检出率,留取24 h尿液检测mAlb水平。结果 三组CysC、mAlb分别两两比较,其中B、C两组均高于A组,统计学意义显著（P＜0.01）,C组高于B组,统计学意义显著（P＜0.01）。三组SCr、Urea分别两两比较,其中A组和B组相比,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,C组高于A、B两组,统计学意义显著（P＜0.01）。CysC在A、B、C三组中均有不同程度阳性检出率,根据UAER的升高而显著增加,CysC阳性检出率高于SCr、Urea的阳性检出率;SCr、Urea只有在B组和C组中有阳性检出率。结论 尿微量白蛋白和血清胱抑素C的检测可作为2型糖尿病肾病早期的监测和诊断指标,血清胱抑素C其敏感性显著高于血清肌酐、尿素。     

血清胱抑素C对糖尿病肾病诊断价值的Meta分析

目的评价血清胱抑素C在诊断糖尿病肾病中的价值。方法检索多个数据库,对相关文献进行系统评价,用随机效应模型计算纳入研究的总灵敏度、特异度及其它指标,绘制受试者工作特征曲线以探讨本试验的总体诊断特性。结果按照选择标准最终有9项独立研究纳入本次meta分析,合并灵敏度与特异度分别为85%和86%,合并阳性拟然比与阴性拟然比分别为6.23和0.17,合并诊断优势比为54.59,SROC曲线下面积0.9435,SE为0.0273。结论血清胱抑素C水平的检测有助于评估肾小球滤过功能,对糖尿病肾病患者早期肾损害有一定的诊断价值。     

Cystatin C in cerebrospinal fluid as a biomarker of ALS

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is diagnosed on the basis of progressive symptoms in both the upper and lower motor neurons. Because there are no specific biomarkers for ALS, it is difficult to diagnose this disease in its early stages. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were obtained from 14 patients in the early stages of ALS, from 13 with polyneuropathy, and from 16 with other neurological disorders. The concentration of cystatin C in the CSF was measured using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The concentration of cystatin C in the CSF was significantly lower in ALS patients than in the control subjects who were patients with polyneuropathy or other neurological diseases (patients with ALS, polyneuropathy, and other diseases exhibited 5.5 ± 0.3, 6.7 ± 0.4, and 6.9 ± 0.3 mg/L cystatin C, respectively; ALS patients vs. control subjects: p = 0.014 and ALS patients vs. polyneuropathy patients: p = 0.024). Cystatin C may be a useful biomarker of ALS and can be used to distinguish between ALS and polyneuropathy.     

代谢综合征患者血清同型半胱氨酸与胱抑素C水平检测的临床意义

目的测定代谢综合征(MS)患者血清同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,HCY)、胱抑素C(cystatin,CysC)的水平,探讨二者对代谢综合征患者的临床意义。方法随机收集代谢综合征患者血清30例,对照组血清32例。测定两组血清HCY、CysC的水平,并分析代谢综合征组HCY与CysC的相关性。结果代谢综合征组的血清HCY、CysC水平均较对照组升高且有统计学意义(P0.05),并且代谢综合征组血清CysC与HCY呈正相关(r=0.652,P0.01)。结论血清HCY和CysC水平均为可反映代谢综合征病情的较为敏感、准确、可靠的指标,两者联合检测对代谢综合征患者在诊断、治疗、病情监测上有一定的临床意义。     

胱抑素C在131I治疗甲亢中的应用价值

目的 探讨胱抑素C在131I治疗甲亢中的临床应用价值.方法 选择2011年2月至2012年10月在我院131I治疗的43例甲亢患者和40例健康者（对照组）进行甲状腺激素、血清胱抑素C（CysC）水平的比较;并观察甲亢患者131I治疗后3个月、6个月与治疗前的甲状腺激素、血清胱抑素C（CysC）与血清肌酐（Cr）水平变化.结果 甲亢患者血清CysC水平增高,随着甲亢患者131I治疗后甲状腺激素水平的恢复,血清CysC水平降低（P＜0.05）.结论 血清胱抑素C（CysC）可以作为甲亢的辅助检测项目和131I治疗后疗效判定的辅助诊治指标.     

Cystatin C as an early biomarker of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes

This study was done to evaluate clinical usefulness of cystatin C levels of serum and urine in predicting renal impairment in normoalbuminuric patients with type 2 diabetes and to evaluate the association between albuminuria and serum/urine cystatin C. Type 2 diabetic patients (n = 332) with normoalbuminuria (n = 210), microalbuminuria (n = 83) and macroalbuminuria (n = 42) were enrolled. Creatinine, urinary albumin levels, serum/urine cystatin C and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR by MDRD [Modification of Diet in Renal Disease] and CKD-EPI [Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration] equations) were determined. The cystatin C levels of serum and urine increased with increasing degree of albuminuria, reaching higher levels in macroalbuminuric patients (P < 0.001). In multiple regression analysis, serum cystatin C was affected by C-reactive protein (CRP), sex, albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) and eGFR. Urine cystatin C was affected by triglyceride, age, eGFR and ACR. In multivariate logistic analysis, cystatin C levels of serum and urine were identified as independent factors associated with eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) estimated by MDRD equation in patients with normoalbuminuria. On the other hand, eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) estimated by CKD-EPI equation was independently associated with low level of high-density lipoprotein in normoalbuminuric patients. The cystatin C levels of serum and urine could be useful markers for renal dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients with normoalbuminuria.     

Cystatin C and NT-proBNP as prognostic biomarkers in Fabry disease

Fabry disease (FD) is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the α-galactosidase A gene. It is characterized by the deposition of the incompletely metabolized substrate globotriaosylceramide in several cell types and multisystem involvement. Major morbidity results from renal, cardiac and cerebrovascular pathology, mediated by endothelial dysfunction.We examined the potential utility of Cystatin C and natriuretic peptides as biomarkers in FD, and evaluated serum levels in 89 FD patients with varying degrees of disease severity.The results revealed that as a prognostic marker, Cystatin C is a good and cost effective indicator of early renal dysfunction and/or heart failure in FD. It is also more useful than serum creatinine in detecting mild renal damage and small decreases in glomerular filtration. In addition, the natriuretic peptide NT-proBNP, was elevated in patients with FD and cardiac involvement, and found to be an adequate detection marker, not only of cardiac involvement, but also of diastolic dysfunction.