Burkitt's lymphoma of the base of the tongue: a case report and review of the literature

Burkitt's lymphoma is a highly aggressive, mature B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that is rare outside Africa. We report a case of Burkitt's lymphoma presenting as a rapidly expanding tongue-base mass that caused airway obstruction in an 80-year-old Palestinian man living in California. According to our review of the literature, this is only the third reported case of Burkitt's lymphoma arising in the base of the tongue. We also discuss the incidence, epidemiology, genetics, prognosis, and treatment of this malignancy. Because Burkitt's lymphoma is one of the fastest-growing tumors in humans, rapid diagnosis and treatment are important. Treatment involves brief-duration, high-intensity chemotherapy and central nervous system prophylaxis. It is important for the otolaryngologist to recognize this disease and to understand the steps necessary to treat this aggressive tumor.     

Teratoma of the tongue: a case report and literature review

Teratomas of the tongue are extremely rare neoplasms, with only five reported cases in the literature. We report an additional case here and review the literature on this rare entity.     

Pleomorphic lipoma of the tongue: case report and literature review

A case of pleomorphic lipoma of the tongue in a 60-year-old woman is reported. Recently described by Enzinger (1977), pleomorphic lipoma is a rare benign tumor, occurring mostly in elderly males. The subcutaneous tissues of the neck and back are the most common sites involved. Differentiation from some histological variants of liposarcoma remains difficult. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice. To our knowledge, this is the first case of pleomorphic lipoma of the tongue reported in the English literature.     

Chondrosarcoma of the tongue: A case report and a review of the literature

Chondrosarcoma of the head and neck is uncommon and reported to constitute between 1% to 12% of all chondrosarcoma cases. 1 , 2 , 3 Extraskeletal chondrosarcoma of the tongue is an extremely rare type of neoplasm with only three previously reported cases. The underlying origin of chondrosarcoma arising in the tongue is controversial. We describe a case of a low‐grade chondrosarcoma arising in the base of the tongue of a 54‐year‐old woman with a central area of dedifferentiation. The patient was treated with complete surgical resection with no evidence of recurrence at 1 year follow‐up.     

Liposarcoma of the tongue: case report and review of the literature

Liposarcoma is the most common soft-tissue malignancy in adults, but the appearance of a liposarcoma in the head and neck region is distinctly unusual. Intraoral liposarcomas represent a particularly interesting subset of this tumor in that (1) they are exceedingly rare and (2) affected patients tend to have a better prognosis than do patients with a similar lesion located elsewhere in the head and neck. An understanding of the histologic subtypes and corresponding clinical behavior of liposarcomas will assist physicians in appropriately managing these patients. Most of these tumors can be effectively treated with conservative surgery. We report the rare case of a well-differentiated liposarcoma arising in the tongue of a 55-year-old man. We also discuss the typical pathologic findings in these malignancies and review the diagnosis, associated controversies, management, and prognosis.     

Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma: report of a case and analysis of the literature

BACKGROUND: Clear cell odontogenic carcinoma (CCOC), which has been described within the past 2 decades, is a rare odontogenic tumor that tends to occur in the mandible of older adults, with a predilection for women. It is potentially aggressive and capable of multiple local recurrences and locoregional and distant metastases. OBJECTIVES: To report the clinicopathologic findings and follow-up of a case of CCOC and to review the literature. DESIGN: Case report and literature review. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Findings from histologic analysis, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. RESULTS: An 81-year-old woman experienced 3 locoregional recurrences within 21 months of initial therapy. She is presently disease free, 4.5 years after initial resection, having received multiple resections and adjuvant radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of CCOC must be considered in the differential diagnosis of jaw tumors with a clear cell component. For these tumors, resection with negative margins is the treatment of choice because more conservative surgery (eg, curettage) inevitably results in recurrence and/or metastasis. Adjuvant radiotherapy is a rational option for tumors that have eroded cortex.     

Osteosarcoma of the skull base: case report and review of literature

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignancy of bone in children and adolescents. Osteosarcomas are an aggressive neoplasm composed of spindle cells producing osteoid. They primarily affect the long bones, particularly after radiation or chemotherapy for other neoplasms; however, 6-7% present in the head and neck. Primary head and neck osteosarcomas in children are rare. There are few case reports and limited-sized case series in the literature. A case report presentation of a skull base osteosarcoma in a teenage female. A 14-year-old African American female presented with dysphagia, voice changes, and neck pain. On examination, she had right-sided palsies in cranial nerves X, XI, and XII. Imaging revealed partial enhancement of the clivus without bony erosion and expansion of the hypoglossal canal. There were also findings consistent with chronic denervation of her right tongue and pharynx. During the evaluation process, she developed diplopia from a right cranial nerve VI palsy. Repeat imaging revealed progression of the skull base lesion with extension into the right sphenoid sinus. An endoscopic sphenoidotomy was performed to obtain tissue. The diagnosis of high-grade osteosarcoma was made by histologic morphology and immunohistochemistry. The child was treated primarily with chemotherapy. Other adjunctive therapies are being considered. Osteosarcoma of the skull base is a rare entity. We describe a case of a high-grade clival osteosarcoma presenting primarily with lower cranial nerve palsies and pain. The rapid progression, treatment options, and prognosis are discussed.     

Cartilaginous choristoma of the tongue. A case report and literature review

Lingual cartilaginous choristomas are rare tumors. They are usually seen in adults as an asymptomatic mass on the lateral surface of the tongue. The histology is benign, with mature adipocytes or myxoid tissue and islands of cartilage within a well-defined capsule. Simple excision is curative. Because of the rarity of this lesion, we remind readers of its existence and present a review of the literature.     

Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma of the tonsil: report of a case and review of the literature

Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA) is a relatively common malignancy of the oral cavity, representing 7% to 11% of all intraoral minor salivary gland tumors, and 19% to 26% of those that are malignant. However, it is a rare finding in the oropharynx, with only 6 cases reported in the medical literature. The clinical features of a case of PLGA of the tonsillar fossa in a 64-year-old gentleman are presented, only the second such case reported in the medical literature. A review and discussion of the literature pertaining to PLGA of the oral cavity and the oropharynx is provided. (Am J Otolaryngol 2002;23:297-299.     

Primary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the tongue base. Case report and review of the literature

BACKGROUND: Primary extramedullary plasmacytomas (PEMP) are rare malignant neoplasms with a predilection for the head and neck. Eighty percent of all PEMP are located in this area. CASE REPORT: The authors present a case of lingual plasmacytoma in a 65-year-old man, diagnosed on biopsy and treated with external beam radiotherapy.     

Granular cell tumor of the parotid: a case report and literature review

Granular cell tumors are relatively uncommon soft tissue lesions that originate in Schwann's cells. Although these tumors can occur at any site, their presence in the parotid gland is very unusual. This article describes one such case in a 48-year-old woman, followed by a brief review of the literature on this subject.     

滤泡树突细胞肉瘤临床分析

目的:报道扁桃体滤泡树突细胞肉瘤(FDCS)1例,探讨其临床病理特点、诊断和鉴别诊断方法。方法:运用组织病理学、免疫组织化学及电镜观察扁桃体FDCS的特征,总结临床特点和治疗情况,并复习相关文献加以分析。该例患者于全身麻醉下行右侧扁桃体肿物低温等离子射频消融切除术。结果:术后随访2年局部无复发。结论:FDCS诊断主要依赖其免疫组织化学及电镜观察,该病极易误诊,运用低温等离子射频消融术治疗此种肿瘤需积累更多的临床经验。     

Teratoma tongue: Case report and review of literature

Teratomas are true neoplasms composed of tissues from all three germinal layers and may exhibit variable levels of maturity. They have an unknown origin and eccentric microscopic appearance. Teratomas arising from the oral cavity are rare in the newborn; only 22 cases have been reported in the literature. We describe a female neonate with an oral teratoma originating from the tongue that was successfully treated with surgery.     

Liposarcoma of the tongue: case report and literature update

Liposarcoma is an exceedingly rare tumor in the oral cavity. We report a case of a 70-year-old man with liposarcoma that presented as a lump on the tongue. The excised tumor was diagnosed as a well-differentiated lipoma-like liposarcoma. The majority of cases of well-differentiated liposarcoma follow a relatively benign course, but the disease has a high recurrence rate. It appears that accurate clinical and histopathologic diagnosis of this lesion is difficult. The prognosis seems to depend on the histologic type, size, and location of the lesion. Wide surgical excision is important for successful management of these liposarcomas.     

Mandibular metastases from rectal adenocarcinoma: clinical case report and review of the literature

A case is described of a 57-year-old woman with jaw metastasis from rectal adenocarcinoma who underwent colectomy and ovariectomy for moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the large intestine and peritoneal carcinosis. This patient subsequently underwent several cycles of chemoantiblastic therapy although, approximately six months after the initial surgery, a tumefaction of the gingival mucosa was found in the lower right premolar area. Radiography showed this neoformation to be an area of mandibular osteolysis. A biopsy, performed at the E.N.T Clinic of the IRCCS Oncological Hospital in Bari, Italy, revealed a metastatic lesion from rectal adenocarcinoma. This led to radiation therapy vs. the external fascia of the mandibular lesion. Then, given that further cerebral and hepatic metastases were found, palliative treatment was administered until the patient's death in June 2000. A review of the international literature shows how unusual it is to find secondary metastases from rectal adenocarcinoma in the mandibular region (only 23 cases have been published in the last forty years). For nearly all the authors examined, the treatment of choice for such lesions was radiation therapy associated with chemoantiblastic therapy. Despite such treatment, the literature bears significant agreement as to the poor, short-term prognosis.     

原发性鼻腔透明细胞癌1例并文献复习

目的:探讨原发性鼻腔透明细胞癌的临床表现及病理特点,总结其诊断及治疗方法。方法:分析1例原发性鼻腔透明细胞癌患者的临床资料,复习1992年以来11例相关文献,做出总结报道。结果:12例原发性鼻腔-鼻窦透明细胞癌中8例(66.7%)主要表现为鼻出血,4例(33.3%)出现骨质破坏;CT显示鼻腔、鼻窦内条片状类似软组织密度影,行单纯手术切除治疗3例(25.0%),手术切除联合放、化疗7例(58.3%),单纯放化疗2例(16.7%)。治疗后随访6个月～10年,仅1例患者因出现肺部转移死亡,余均健在。结论:原发性鼻腔-鼻窦透明细胞癌较罕见,早期症状以鼻出血多见,病理学上需与转移性透明细胞癌及多种含透明细胞的涎腺肿瘤鉴别。治疗以手术切除联合放化疗为主,短期内预后较好。早期局限于鼻腔和鼻窦的有基底的肿瘤可考虑鼻内镜手术,术后建议每半年复查一次。