泌尿外科老年手术患者的护理风险因素分析与安全防范

目的探讨分析泌尿外科老年手术患者的护理风险因素及相应的安全防范措施。方法选取本院泌尿外科收治的老年手术患者302例,随机分为对照组和观察组,对照组患者进行常规基础护理,观察组患者增加相应的安全防范措施,比较2组对护理风险因素的控制率。结果 302例泌尿外科老年手术患者中发生跌倒、坠床、烫伤、虚脱、褥疮、低血压和高血糖等护理风险因素共计43例(占14.24%);观察组的风险因素控制率显著优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论泌尿外科老年手术患者的护理风险因素隐患依旧严峻,针对这些风险因素采取有效的安全防范措施可有效提升护理水平并提高患者的生活质量。     

Resources,Staff Beliefs and Organizational Culture: Factors in the Use of Information and Communication Technology for Adults with Intellectual Disabilities

Background Access to, and the use of, information and communication technology (ICT) is increasingly becoming a vital component of mainstream life. First‐order (e.g. time and money) and second‐order factors (e.g. beliefs of staff members) affect the use of ICT in different contexts. It is timely to investigate what these factors may be in the context of service provision for adults with intellectual disabilities given the role ICT could play in facilitating communication and access to information and opportunities as suggested in Valuing People. Method Taking a qualitative approach, nine day service sites within one organization were visited over a period of 6 months to observe ICT‐related practice and seek the views of staff members working with adults with intellectual disabilities. All day services were equipped with modern ICT equipment including computers, digital cameras, Internet connections and related peripherals. Results Staff members reported time, training and budget as significant first‐order factors. Organizational culture and beliefs about the suitability of technology for older or less able service users were the striking second‐order factors mentioned. Despite similar levels of equipment, support and training, ICT use had developed in very different ways across sites. Conclusion The provision of ICT equipment and training is not sufficient to ensure their use; the beliefs of staff members and organizational culture of sites play a substantial role in how ICT is used with and by service users. Activity theory provides a useful framework for considering how first‐ and second‐order factors are related. Staff members need to be given clear information about the broader purpose of activities in day services, especially in relation to the lifelong learning agenda, in order to see the relevance and usefulness of ICT resources for all service users.