自体甲状软骨植入I型甲状软骨成形术治疗单侧声带麻痹

目的 分析应用自体甲状软骨植入I型甲状软骨成形术治疗单侧声带麻痹的疗效.方法 对32例单侧声带麻痹患者于局麻下行甲状软骨板开窗,取自体甲状软骨植入(置于甲状软骨内软骨膜与甲状软骨板之间,缝合固定),使患侧声带内移;术前及术后1、3、6个月分别行电子喉镜检查、嗓音障碍指数量表(VHI)评估及嗓音声学分析,比较治疗前后结果...     

单侧声带麻痹的手术治疗

单侧声带麻痹的手术治疗王慧钢，雷红，王增勤，李春福，一色信彦单侧声带麻痹常因外伤、甲状腺手术、颈部肿瘤、肺癌及脑血管病引起喉返神经损伤所致。部分病人由于对侧声带的代偿作用，使声嘶减轻。然而尚有部分病人，由于声嘶而影响工作及学习，往往需手术治疗。１９７...     

Montgomery假体植入治疗单侧声带麻痹的疗效研究北大核心CSCD

目的初步探讨Montgomery假体植入的Ⅰ型甲状软骨成形术治疗单侧声带麻痹的效果。方法回顾性分析2015年5月至2019年3月在海军军医大学第一附属医院和广东省人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科接受Montgomery假体植入的Ⅰ型甲状软骨成形术的46例单侧声带麻痹患者的临床病例资料,其中男24例,女22例,年龄23~77岁。评估方法包括GRBAS听感知评估、声学参数[包括基频微扰(Jitter)、振幅微扰(Shimmer)、噪谐比(NHR)]以及最长发声时间(MPT)等。声学参数和MPT数据采用配对t检验进行统计学分析,GRBAS数据采用秩和检验进行分析。结果术后动态喉镜结果显示,44例患者的患侧声带明显向中线移位,发音时声门裂隙较术前明显减小;2例患者的声门裂缩小不明显。GRBAS听感知评估各参数除紧张声(S)外评分较术前明显降低,声学参数(Jitter、Shimmer、NHR)较术前也均明显减小,MPT较术前明显延长,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.001)。2例声门裂缩小不明显的患者行修正性手术。所有患者均未发生严重并发症。结论Montgomery假体植入的甲状软骨成形术可有效地改善单侧声带麻痹患者嗓音,安全性高,值得推广。     

喉骨架外科手术治疗单侧声带麻痹

喉骨架外科手术在解决单侧声带麻痹所带来的声嘶及误吸方面有其独到之处。随着嗓音解剖生理及生物材料工程等学科的发展，经典的甲状软骨成形术Ⅰ型得以不断完善；为了更好地改善患的声音质量，出现了以甲状软骨成形术Ⅰ型为基础，杓状软骨内收／固定术、Goretex内移声带甲状软骨成形术及环甲关节半脱位术联合应用的不同术式的喉骨架外科手术，取得较好的临床效果。     

Ⅰ型甲状软骨成形术治疗单侧声带麻痹的嗓音学分析

目的 探讨Ⅰ型甲状软骨成形术治疗单侧声带麻痹的嗓音学特征.方法 应用美国Kay公司的MDVP 5105软件对16例单侧声带麻痹患者手术前、后嗓音声学参数进行分析.结果 16例(100％)患者声学参数基频、频率微扰、振幅微扰及最长声时平均值与术前明显改善(P＜0.050,主观感觉满意.结论 Ⅰ型甲状软骨成形术对改善单侧声...     

Ⅰ型甲状软骨成形术治疗开胸术后急性单侧声带麻痹

对肺癌、食管癌及纵隔肿瘤等进行开胸手术时,容易造成喉返神经损伤,术后患者常出现肺功能不全及单侧声带麻痹(UVFP)。过去对UVFP的治疗是向麻痹的声带注射特氟隆,以改善症状,但注射后肉芽肿的发生率较高。神经肌肉移植最终可使声门功能恢复,但所需时间长,不适宜开胸术后患者。该作者于1991年7月-1999年8月对23例开胸术后发生UVFP患者进     

单侧声带麻痹所致声门闭合不全的治疗进展

声带是形成嗓音的重要结构,其功能障碍会不同程度的影响发声、呼吸及吞咽功能。声门闭合不全在临床上较为常见,其病因以单侧声带麻痹最为多见,可导致声嘶、误吸及呛咳等并发症,严重影响患者的生活质量,甚至危及生命,因此明确声门闭合不全的病因并选择合适的治疗方式非常重要。目前,针对单侧声带麻痹所致声门闭合不全的治疗方式多种多样,但治疗效果尚未达到理想状态,论文对单侧声带麻痹引起的声门闭合不全的治疗进展进行综述。     

纤维喉镜下手术治疗声带小结和声带息肉疗效观察

目的评价纤维喉镜下手术治疗声带小结和声带息肉的疗效。方法对2862例纤维喉镜下手术治疗声带小结和声带息肉的临床资料进行分析总结。结果全部病例术中无声带损伤，术后无声带粘连。术后3个月复查，治疗声带小结总有效率99．82％，治疗声带息肉总有效率99．77％；术后6个月复查，26例复发。结论纤维喉镜下手术治疗声带小结和声带息肉具有视野清晰、手术准确率高、损伤小、反应轻、患者痛苦少等优点，且简单易行。     

最长最响发声时间评价单侧声带麻痹患者声门闭合情况的研究

目的:探讨最长最响发声时间(MLPT)在单侧声带麻痹患者中的嗓音评价作用.方法:检测17例单侧声带麻痹患者,交替随机记录所有患者MLPT、最长舒适发声时间(MCPT),并从两者中选出最长发声时间记为最长发声时间(MPT),另外记录MLPT同MCPT的比值.同时用动态喉镜主观评价、嗓音评价师主观评价以及患者嗓音自我评价问卷评价患者的嗓音.对这几个指标进行相关分析.结果:患者嗓音MLPT为(5.0±4.0)s、MCPT为(5.4±4.1)s、MPT为(6.1±4.5)s,其中MPT值有4个值选于MLPT,13个值选于MCPT.MLPT/MCPTa值为1.08±0.47.MLPT同MCPT正相关(r=0.679,P<0.01).MLPT同MPT正相关(r=0.878,P<0.01),MCPT同MPT正相关(r=0.993,P<0.01).MLPT、MCPT和MPT同GRBAS分级中的G分级均呈负相关(r=-0.620,P<0.05;r=-0.564,P<0.05;r=-0.665,P<0.01).而MLPT/MCPTa比值同患者主观问卷中的反映吞咽功能的问题4呈正相关(r=0.534,P<0.05).MLPT、MCPT和MPT同患者嗓音主观评分、GRBAS分级总分及频闪喉镜的黏膜波、振动幅度均没有明显相关.结论:对于单侧声带麻痹,MLPT、MCPT和MPT均可作为评价声带空气动力学的嗓音客观指标,而MLPT可操作性较好.且MLPT/MCPTa值在一定程度上客观反映了单侧声带麻痹患者吞咽困难的程度.     

等离子体手术系统治疗常年性变应性鼻炎的疗效观察

目的探讨常年性变应性鼻炎的有效治疗方法。方法利用等离子体手术系统治疗常年性变应性鼻炎患者65例。结果术后随访1年，显效53例(81．5％)，有效9例(13．8％)，无效3例(4．6％)。总有效率为95．4％。结论利用等离子体手术系统治疗常年性变应性鼻炎具有疗效显著、损伤小、术野清晰、易操作等优点，值得临床推广应用。     

Lipoinjection for unilateral vocal cord paralysis.

Injection of Teflon paste is a commonly accepted procedure to improve the caliber of voice in unilateral vocal cord paralysis. There are several drawbacks to Teflon injection, among them respiratory obstruction (from overinjected Teflon) and unsatisfactory voice quality (Teflon causes stiffness of the vocal folds). This paper is a preliminary report on lipoinjection instead of Teflon injection into a paralyzed vocal fold. Fat appears to impart a soft bulkiness to the injected cord, while allowing it to retain its vibratory qualities. It is autologous material and can be retrieved if excessively overinjected. The fate of autologous fat injected into a paralyzed vocal cord remains unknown. Most of the literature on lipoinjection concerns repairs of depressed scars or breast augmentation. Our longest follow-up has been 12 months. Three patients have had this procedure, and the results appear to be very encouraging.     

低温等离子单侧声带离断并同侧杓状软骨切除术治疗双侧声带外展麻痹

目的 探讨在内镜支撑喉镜辅助下, 采用低温等离子消融刀头行单侧声带离断加同侧杓状软骨切除术治疗双侧声带外展麻痹的疗效。方法 对双侧声带外展麻痹的患者19例, 采用低温等离子消融术行单侧声带离断加同侧杓状软骨切除术进行治疗, 术后随访6～42个月, 分析评估该术式的临床效果。结果 19例术后呼吸功能恢复满意, 术后1个月内安全拔管18例, 其中术前已行气管切开8例。术后瘢痕挛缩喉腔狭窄未能拔管者1例, 经再次手术行对侧杓状软骨切除后成功拔管。嗓音评估发声效果满意14例, 轻微下降但患者能接受4例, 行2次手术者声嘶较前明显加重1例。结论 低温等离子单侧声带离断及同侧杓状软骨切除术治疗双侧声带外展麻痹, 术后呼吸困难完全缓解, 拔管率高, 发声功能保留良好。此术式创伤小, 术后愈合快, 安全、有效、微创。     

Management of unilateral vocal cord paralysis]

The phoniatric analysis evaluates the importance of the vocal disorder and the appearance of the larynx what permets to find five clinical cases. For each one, there is a precise treatment: no treatment, rehabilitation with precises exercises in each case, collagen injection, early or secondary to rehabilitation. The rehabilitation will be intensive and done as soon as possible. It is based on a well known body proprioception. Intrinsic laryngeal muscles work, breathing exercises, exercises aimed at restoring the laryngeal sphincter will precede the pure vocal work. Author's experience shows that the results are good if rehabilitation is well indicated from the beginning and the patient with good motivations.     

人胶原声带注射治疗周围性单侧声带麻痹

目的：观察人胶原声带注射治疗周围性单侧声带麻痹的效果。方法：在强化局麻或全麻支撑喉镜下，对6例单侧声带麻痹病人行人胶原患侧声带注射。评估注射前后声带位置、声嘶改善状况及声学参数变化。结果：6例中5例术后声嘶明显改善，患侧声带移向正中位，声门关闭良好；1例声嘶改善不明显，患侧声带位置无变化。6例皆未出现不良反应。频率微扰(Jitter)、振幅微扰(Shimmer)及标准噪声能量(NNE)值术后明显下降，最大声时(MPT)延长，经统计学处理均有统计学意义；谐噪比(H/N)得到改善。结论：人胶原声带注射治疗单侧声带麻痹是一种方法简单、疗效确切、安全、病人痛苦小、价格低廉、易于临床推广的方法。     

Surgical management of bilateral vocal cord paralysis

Fifty-five patients with bilateral abductor paralysis of the vocal cords were managed surgically from 1957 to 1973. Initially, unilateral arytenoidectomy or arytenoidopexy was employed. If this was not satisfactory, a contralateral arytenoidectomy was performed 6 to 12 months later. If the patient's airway was still inadequate, then open unilateral submucous resection of the vocal cord was accomplished. Initial management was successful in 62 percent (34/55) of patients, and 50 of 55 patients (91 percent) were eventually decannulated. Failure of the arytenoidectomy appeared to be related to traumatic etiology of the bilateral paralysis, presence of previous treatment, and technical problems of the procedure itself.     

单侧声带横断与声带部分切除术治疗双侧声带外展麻痹

目的探讨用单侧声带横断与声带部分切除术治疗双侧声带外展麻痹的疗效与临床应用价值。方法对9例继发性双侧声带外展麻痹的患者,采用支撑喉镜下单侧声带横断与声带部分切除术进行治疗,通过术后的观察随访,对该术式的临床效果进行分析与评估。结果8例患者气管切开后行单侧声带横断与声带部分切除术,其中7例患者术后2个月安全拔管,1例不能拔管的患者经过再次手术2个月后安全拔管;另1例I度呼吸困难患者经口气管内插管后行声带手术。所有患者行单侧声带横断与声带部分切除术后随访半年以上呼吸困难完全缓解;术后声嘶程度均较前加重,但不影响日常的生活交流。结论单侧声带横断与声带部分切除术治疗双侧声带外展麻痹的方法,不需要昂贵器械,简单实用,临床疗效良好,并发症少,值得在基层医院中推广应用。     

Diagnostic value of tomography in unilateral vocal cord paralysis

Tomographie studies were made on 56 patients with unilateral paralysis of the vocal cord. The findings were examined in relation to etiology, course, and laryngoscopic findings. In 74.1 percent of the cases, marked enlargement of the ventricle was noticed on the side of the paralysis, especially during inhalation. The paralyzed vocal cord was higher than the intact cord during phona-tion in 46.4 percent of the cases. The rest of the cases (53.6 percent) demonstrated no level difference between the vocal cords. The position of the paralyzed vocal cord, unilateral involvement of the cricothyroid muscle and other neck muscles were suggested as possible contributors to the findings.     

Direct pull of lateral cricoarytenoid muscle for unilateral vocal cord paralysis

CONCLUSION: Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle-pull surgery (LCA pull) is a safe and effective method for the treatment of unilateral vocal cord paralysis. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the results of an improved method of LCA pull for unilateral vocal cord paralysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirteen patients with unilateral vocal cord paralysis underwent LCA pull between April 2003 and January 2004. A small window was made in the posterior lower part of the thyroid cartilage and 2-3 mm in a cranial direction to the lower edge of the thyroid cartilage. The inner perichondrium was carefully removed to expose the LCA muscle. A 4-0 nylon suture placed through the LCA muscle was pulled to adduct the arytenoid and was tied to the anterior lower part of the thyroid cartilage. All cases were treated by LCA pull alone. In all cases, the maximum phonation time was measured and an auditory evaluation was performed using the grade, roughness, breathiness, asthenia and strain scale. The airflow rate was measured in five cases. RESULTS: Vocal improvement was obtained in 11/13 cases (85%). One of the unimproved cases had cricoarytenoid joint ankylosis. No complications were observed.