颈前路植骨钢板内固定治疗创伤性枢椎滑脱

目的评价颈前路椎体间植骨钢板内固定治疗创伤性枢椎滑脱的临床效果。方法15例创伤性枢椎滑脱病人,行椎体复位、自体髂骨移植、颈前路钢板内固定。结果随访5～19个月,15例病人现均获得复位与骨融合,颈椎高度、生理曲度获得重建,活动良好,无并发症。结论颈前路复位、植骨钢板内固定是治疗创伤性枢椎滑脱的有效方法,尤其适用于枢椎椎体前缘骨折及椎体骨块突向椎管内、压迫脊髓神经者。     

颈前路植骨钢板内固定治疗创伤性枢椎前滑移

目的 评价C2、C3椎体间植骨、钢板内固定治疗创伤性枢椎前滑移的临床价值。方法 8例创伤性枢椎前滑移患行颈前路手术复位、椎间盘切除减压、自体髂骨植骨、钢板内固定术，平均随访1年，观察患术后颈椎生理高度、曲度重建和颈椎稳定性、运动情况。结果 8例患均获得完全的枢椎复位，C2、C3椎体在术后16周达到骨性融合，颈椎生理高度、曲度得以重建，旋转、屈伸功能良好，无钢板螺钉并发症。结论 颈前路钢板内固定是治疗创伤性枢椎前滑移的有效方法。     

后路植骨APOFIX内固定治疗创伤性寰枢椎不稳

创伤性寰枢椎骨折脱位导致的寰枢椎关节不稳。是临床上常见的上颈椎损伤，早期可伴脊髓损伤，或随着病程进展最终出现神经根刺激和脊髓压迫症状。使用Apofix内固定系统治疗此类损伤具有操作简单、固定可靠、植骨块愈合率高等优点。我们自1998年5月-2002年12月收治创伤性寰枢椎不稳31例，其中18例采用此方法治疗，疗效满意，现报道如下。     

碳纤维cage联合椎间植骨椎弓根钉内固定治疗腰椎滑脱症

目的:探讨应用碳纤维cage联合椎间植骨及椎弓根钉内固定术治疗腰椎滑脱症的临床效果。方法:采用碳纤维cage结合cage前间隙打压植骨加椎弓根钉系统复位固定治疗腰椎滑脱症34例,术后应用复位指数(Taillard指数、Boxall指数、椎间隙高度指数及腰骶关节角)和融合率评估临床疗效。结果:术后随访8~14个月,平均10.6个月。Taillard指数术前0.31,术后0.16,随访时0.17,Boxall指数术前0.33,术后0.17,随访0.17;椎间隙高度指数术前0.26,术后0.58,随访0.57;腰骶关节角术前13.18°,术后19.11°,随访18.9°。复位指数术后与术前比较差异有显著意义(P<0.01);随访时与术后比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。所有滑脱节段全部融合,无内固定松动、断裂及神经并发症。术后腰痛按Denis法评估改善明显。结论:在椎弓根钉内固定系统加碳纤维cage基础上,采取cage前间隙打压植骨椎间融合率高,疗效好。     

创伤性枢椎滑脱颈前路内固定技术的应变电测研究

目的比较创伤性枢椎滑脱2种不同的前路手术方式的生物力学特性。方法6例新鲜尸体上颈椎标本（C0-4）制成C2双侧椎弓峡部切断并C2,3前纵韧带切断并C2／C3椎间盘切除（Destablized Ⅲ组）的创伤性枢椎滑脱模型。依次采用C2,3 开槽植骨融合钢板内固定术（C2,3组）和C3椎体大部分切除、植骨融合钢板系统内固定术（C2-4组）2种术式固定。对固定后标本在0．5N·m、1．5N·m、2．5N-m力矩下三维6个自由度运动时,运刖电测法进行应变电阻测定,计算2种术式固定下螺钉的拔出应力,结果进行统计处理。结果C2,3组在屈曲和伸展运动状态下,在不同载荷下所承受的应力均大于C2-4。组（P〈0．05）,在左右旋转状态2组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论生理环境下C2,3 植骨融合内固定术可能相对容易出现内置物相关并发症。     

两种内固定法加植骨融合治疗腰椎滑脱症临床疗效观察

目的　比较采用三椎体与二椎体内固定器提拉复位内固定治疗椎体滑脱的优越性。方法　将 4 3例下腰椎滑脱随机分为两组。A组用三椎体内固定法加椎间植骨融合术 ;B组用二椎体内固定法加椎间植骨融合术。将腰椎滑脱按传统方法分为四度 ,治疗后对其疗效、手术时间进行观察、比较。结果　本组 4 3例治疗后均得到随访 ,时间 1年 3个月～ 4年 2个月不等 ,平均 1年 4个月。滑脱椎体完全复位率 :Ⅰ度A组 10 0 % ,B组 91% ;Ⅱ度A组 10 0 % ,B组 72 % ;Ⅲ度A组 75 % ,B组 0 %。融合率A组 95 % ,B组 90 4 %。临床症状改善率 :A组 95 4 % ,B组 87%。平均手术时间 :A组为 2 12 5± 4 2 6分 ;B组为181 4 0± 3 4 5分。结论　Ⅰ度、Ⅱ度椎体滑脱两组临床疗效差异不大 ,Ⅲ度及Ⅲ度以上者两组临床疗效差异明显。故对Ⅰ度、Ⅱ度滑脱可任选三椎体内固定方法或二椎体内固定方法加椎间植骨融合术进行治疗。对Ⅲ度和Ⅲ度以上重度滑脱采用三椎体内固定方法加椎间植骨融合术进行治疗较好     

Steffee钢板加椎间植骨治疗重度腰椎滑脱症

重度腰椎滑脱 ,是指滑脱移位大于 5 0 % ,按Ｍｅｙｅｒｄｉｎｇ分度在Ⅲ°以上 ,可并发椎管狭窄和椎间盘突出。临床症状主要表现为慢性腰痛、脊柱畸形及特殊的蹒跚步态 ,病情持续发展可出现下肢神经和马尾神经症状。我院从 1996年～2 0 0 1年 ,采用Ｓｔｅｆｆｅｅ钢板加椎间植骨治疗重度腰椎滑脱症 12例 ,效果满意。临床资料一、一般资料　本组共 12例 ,男 8例 ,女 4例 ,年龄 2 3～65岁 ,平均 45岁。 12例中 8例有神经缺陷 ,其中 6例为马尾神经综合征、2例为足下垂。按Ｍｅｙｅｒｄｉｎｇ分度[1 ] 。Ⅲ°9例 ,Ⅳ°2例 ,Ⅴ°1例。Ｌ3滑脱 1例…     

后路复位固定椎间植骨融合治疗腰椎滑脱

目的：探讨后路复位固定椎间植骨融合治疗腰椎滑脱的疗效及其适应证。方法：选择11例有严重神经根症状的腰椎滑脱症患者采用后路全椎板减压、Steffee钢板复位固定、椎间植骨融合手术，观察复位情况、融合率、客观疗效评价、并发症等。结果：随访时间12～36个月，完全复位8例，部分复位2例，原位融合1例。全部患者均获得骨性融合。疗效评价：优8例，良2例，可1例。并发症：术后发生对侧神经根疼痛2例。结论：有严重神经根症状的腰椎滑脱建议充分减压，尽可能复位。椎间植骨融合率高。结合Steffee钢板具有较好的复位固定作用。     

前路植骨融合带锁钢板内固定治疗颈椎外伤性滑脱

[目的]探讨应用前路植骨融合带锁钢板内固定技术治疗颈椎外伤性滑脱(TSCS)。[方法]24例TSCS，新鲜损伤19例，陈旧性损伤5例。采用颈椎牵引复位后颈前路植骨融合及带锁钢板内固定术进行治疗，术后颈围外固定至融合。[结果]随访10～32个月，平均18个月，24例植骨块与上下椎体融合。无钛板松动移位、断裂。所有患者颈部疼痛和上肢放射痛症状消失或基本缓解。合并颈髓损伤的15例按ASIA分级均有不同程度恢复。[结论]前路植骨融合带锁钢板内固定可重建颈椎即刻稳定性，有效防止继发性脊髓损伤，是治疗1’scs安全可靠的治疗方法。     

椎间植骨融合加SRS 系统治疗腰椎滑脱症

目的 探讨运用Spondylolisthesis Reduction System(SRS)提拉复位系统加环锯取髂骨于椎体间行单侧或双侧植骨融合治疗峡部不连性腰椎滑脱症。方法 临床共治疗43例腰椎峡部不连性滑脱病人，按手术复位，症状改善，骨性融合，内固定材料牢固情况进行疗效评价。结果 43例患者获得1～5年(平均3年2个月)随访，按我们自拟疗效标准，优33例，良7例，可3例，无症状加重病例。完全复位38例。无内固定松动断裂发生。结论 环锯椎间植骨融合加SRS系统，能达到很好的复位及牢固的固定，从而达到椎间的骨性融合。手术操作简便，效果满意，如能采取双侧椎间同时植骨，增加融合面积，效果更佳。     

颈前路减压植骨融合Zero-P钢板与传统钢板内固定治疗单节段颈椎病的疗效比较

目的比较颈前路减压植骨融合Zero-P钢板与传统钢板内固定治疗单节段颈椎病的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析自2010-01—2013-04行颈前路减压植骨融合内固定术治疗的51例单节段颈椎病,24例术中采用Zero-P钢板(观察组),27例术中采用传统钢板与椎间融合器(对照组)。比较2组术后疼痛VAS评分(神经根型颈椎病)、JOA评分(脊髓型颈椎病)、NDI指数、颈椎Cobb角、吞咽困难Bazaz等级、植骨融合Eck等级、邻近节段退变发生率。结果 51例均获得随访,观察组随访(81.0±4.4)个月,对照组随访(79.0±3.4)个月。观察组术后1、6个月吞咽困难Bazaz分级优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);但2组术后12个月吞咽困难Bazaz分级差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组术后邻近节段退变发生率、术后12个月植骨融合Eck分级差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组与对照组术后1个月、12个月及末次随访时JOA评分、疼痛VAS评分、NDI指数、颈椎Cobb角比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论颈前路减压植骨融合内固定治疗单节段颈椎病术中应用Zero-P钢板在减轻患者术后早期吞咽困难症状方面较传统颈前路钢板固定具有优势,但这两种手术方式在维持颈椎生理曲度、缓解临床症状、植骨愈合、邻近节段退变发生率方面并无明显差异。     

颈椎前路减压术治疗脊髓型颈椎病

目的探讨脊髓型颈椎病的手术疗效。方法对诊断明确症状较重的12例脊髓型颈椎病患者采用前路减压、植骨融合、钛板内固定。结果所有病例随访6~18个月,术后3个月椎间植骨达骨性融合,症状消失或明显改善,除1例钢板松动术后第5天再次手术外,未见食道损伤、喉返神经损伤等并发症。结论颈椎前路手术治疗脊髓型颈椎病具有减压彻底、融合率高、内固定牢靠的优点,虽手术风险较大,但如操作细致,仍可避免一些并发症的发生。     

Orion颈椎接骨板在颈前路减压植骨融合术中的应用

目的 应用Orion颈椎接骨板防止颈前路减压植骨术后植骨块脱落及增强植骨块的稳定性。方法 分析29例脊髓型颈椎病患者行颈前路减压植骨融合Orion颈椎前路接骨板系统内固定术后的临床疗效及X线检查结果。结果 随访3～48个月，平均随访13个月。所有病例在术后3～4个月椎体间植骨融合全部达骨性愈合，未见螺钉松动及钢板断裂等并发症。JOA评分由术前平均6．8分恢复至术后平均15．3分。结论 Orion颈前路钢板系统具有操作简便、安全、并发症少、内固定牢靠等优点，是一种理想的颈前路内固定方法。     

Biomechanical analysis of anterior cervical spine plate fixation systems with unicortical and bicortical screw purchase

Anterior plate fixation with unicortical screw purchase does not involve the risk of posterior cortex penetration and possible injuries of the spinal cord. However, there are very few biomechanical data about the immediate stability of non-locking plate fixation with unicortical or bicortical screw placement. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the immediate biomechanical properties in terms of flexibility of a non-locking anterior plate system with 4.5-mm screw fixation and unicortical or bicortical screw purchase applied to a single destabilized cervical spine motion segment. Using fresh cadaveric cervical spine specimens C3-C7, multidirectional flexibility was measured at the level C4-C5 before and after destabilization and fixation with an anterior plate with either unicortical or bicortical screw purchase. The results showed that fixed cervical spine segments with anterior plate and bicortical screw purchase were more rigid than intact specimens in all modes of testing. The difference was statistically significant for flexion and extension (P<0.001). Plate fixation with unicortical screw purchase had statistically significant decreased ranges of motion compared to the intact specimen only in extension. Neither unicortical nor bicortical screw purchase decreased the range of motion significantly in axial rotation compared to the intact specimens. This in vitro study documented that neither unicortical nor bicortical screw purchase with non-locking plate fixation can increase stability in all modes of testing, in axial rotation in particular. Direct comparison between the group with uni- and that with bicortical screw fixation did not reveal significant differences, and therefore no advantage was shown for either type of screw fixation. Therefore, we demonstrated that both uni- and bicortical screw purchase with non-locking plate fixation can decrease immediate flexibility of the tested motion segment, with better results for bicortical purchase. No significant differences were found comparing the two groups of screw fixation. These data suggest that unicortical screw fixation can be used for anterior plate fixation with a comparable immediate stability to bicortical screw fixation.Supported by the German Research Foundation, DFG, Bonn, Germany     

The use of plate fixation in anterior surgery of the degenerative cervical spine: a comparative prospective clinical study

The method of anterior mono- or bisegmental cervical spine fusion is a well-established procedure for degenerative conditions of the cervical spine. While the early reports promote fusion with bone graft alone, recent studies report superior results with the addition of anterior plating. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of using plates in anterior cervical spine fusion in a prospective study. Fifty candidates for anterior monoor bisegmental cervical spine fusion were randomly and prospectively selected and assigned to a plated and a non-plated group. After a minimum follow-up of 22 months, patients were clinically and radiologically examined. The reduction in pain, improvement in neurology and functional assessment showed a significant improvement in both groups compared to the preoperative values. The total neurological score improved significantly in both groups, but the changes were greater in the group with plates. There was no significant difference between the groups for fusion rating, but graft quality (graft height) was significantly better in the plated group. We conclude that the overall data do not suggest better results with plating in mono- or bisegmental anterior spine fusions. Indications for additional internal fixation are restricted to special conditions with increased instability, insufficient bone quality or inappropriate graft placing.     

Internal fixation of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia with plate and bone graft

Surgical Principles Stable internal fixation of the tibial fragments with correct axial alignment using a one-third tubular plate, a semitubular plate or a dynamic compression plate depending on the age of the patient and size and thickness of the tibial fragments. The plate is placed against one side of the tibia and fixed with screws to an autogenous corticocancellous bone graft which has been inserted on the opposite side of the same tibia. A strong autogenous bone graft from the contralateral tibia or the ipsilateral femur is essential because the screws necessary to keep the plate in place cannot be firmly anchored in the atrophic fragments alone. The thickened, fibrous periosteum tightly bound to the fragments around the pseudarthrosis must be resected. Autogenous bone grafts from the iliac crest or from the site of removal of the autogenous corticocancellous graft are added as well. First published in: Operat. Orthop. Traumatol. 1 (1989), 237–253 (German Edition).     

经后路减压、椎间融合、复位内固定治疗下腰椎滑脱症

目的评价后路椎板部分切除减压、椎间融合、复位内固定治疗下腰椎滑脱症的临床疗效。方法对32例下腰椎滑脱症患者采用后路椎弓根螺钉椎体撑开提拉复位、椎板部分切除潜行减压、椎管扩大成形、神经根松解、椎间融合器及植骨融合内固定治疗。结果患者均获随访,时间10～48个月,无严重的手术并发症。术后X线复查显示椎间高度均有不同程度的恢复,滑脱椎体完全复位或者基本复位,椎问融合器无明显移位、脱落,椎间融合满意。结论后路减压、椎间融合复位、内固定治疗下腰椎滑脱症复位率高,安全彻底的神经管减压,创伤小,融合满意,疗效确切。     

颈前路椎体次全切减压钛网植骨融合联合钛板固定治疗多节段脊髓型颈椎病

目的 :探讨颈前路椎体次全切减压钛网植骨融合联合钛板固定治疗多节段脊髓型颈椎病的临床疗效。方法:对2010年10月至2013年1月收治的48例多节段脊髓型颈椎病患者进行回顾性分析,其中男37例,女11例;年龄37~76岁,平均54.6岁;2个节段病变35例,3个节段病变7例,4个节段病变6例。所有患者接受颈前路椎体次全切钛网自体颗粒骨植骨融合颈前路钛板内固定手术。进行临床和影像学随访,记录术前及术后3、6、12个月及末次随访时的ROM、JOA、VAS及SF-36评分,观察融合程度和椎管减压情况。结果:所有患者获得随访,时间14~48个月,平均27.3个月。术后12个月时,影像学资料显示所有患者达到骨性融合,椎管减压彻底,术前病变最严重处椎管矢状径为(5.13±1.32)mm,术后12个月为(9.94±1.22)mm,手术前后椎管矢状径比较差异有统计学意义(t=2.463,P=0.014);椎管减压程度为(92.15±2.35)%。术后各观察时间节点ROM、JOA、VAS及SF-36评分均较术前明显改善(P0.05);术后各观察时间节点ROM、JOA、VAS及SF-36评分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 :颈前路椎体次全切减压钛网植骨融合联合钛板内固定手术治疗多节段脊髓型颈椎病融合率高,减压彻底,临床症状体征改善明显,且安全性较好。