既是食品又是药品的物品名单

丁香、八角茴香、刀豆、小茴香、小蓟、山药、山楂、马齿苋、乌梢蛇、乌梅、木瓜、火麻仁、代代花、玉竹、甘草、白芷、白果、白扁豆、白扁豆花、龙眼肉(桂圆)、决明子、百合、肉豆蔻、肉桂、余甘子、佛手、杏仁(甜、苦)、沙棘、牡蛎、芡实、花椒、赤小豆、阿胶、鸡内金、麦芽、昆布、枣(大枣、酸枣、黑枣)、罗汉果、郁李仁、金银花、青果、鱼腥草、姜(生姜、干姜)、枳椇子、枸杞子、栀子、砂仁、胖大海、茯苓、香橼、香薷、桃仁、桑叶、桑葚、橘红、桔梗、益智仁、荷叶、莱菔子、莲子、高良姜、淡竹叶、淡豆豉、菊花、菊苣、黄芥子、黄精、紫苏、紫苏籽、葛     

糖尿病人如何选择食物

随意吃的食物　油菜、大白菜、小白菜、菠菜、青菜、苜蓿、芹菜、韭菜、莲花白、西红柿、黄瓜、冬瓜、西葫芦、苦瓜、丝瓜、豆制品、乳类、鱼虾、海带等。节制的食物　面粉、大米、小米、玉米、荞面、黄豆、赤小豆、绿豆以及花生米等 ;含糖较高的食物 ,如红薯、土豆、莲菜、粉条、粉皮、西瓜、甜瓜、哈蜜瓜、苹果、香蕉、梨、荔枝、大枣、桃、柿子、杏等 ;肉类蛋类在日常饮食中也应予以节制。忌用的食物　红糖、白糖、冰糖、蜂蜜。水果糖、果酱、水果罐头、甜饮料、各种甜糕点等。另外 ,糖尿病患者应经常吃高纤维食物 ,如麦夫皮、豆腐渣、硬…     

世界各国主要卫生指标（二）

非洲 非洲面积约3020万平方公里,约占世界陆地面积的20.2％;人口6.5亿(1990年),约占世界总人口的12.3％。 区域划分:1、北非包括:埃及、苏丹、利比亚、突尼斯、阿尔及利亚和摩洛哥等;2、东非包括:埃塞俄比亚、厄立特里亚、索马里、吉布提、肯尼亚、坦桑尼亚、乌干达、卢旺达、布隆迪和塞舌尔;3、西非包括:毛里塔尼亚、西撒哈拉、塞内加尔、冈比亚、马里、布基纳法索、几内亚、几内亚比绍、佛得角、塞拉利昂、利比里亚、科特迪瓦、加纳、多哥、贝宁、尼日尔和尼日利亚等;4、中央非洲包括:乍得、中非、喀麦隆、赤道几内亚、加蓬、圣多美和普林西比、扎伊尔和刚果。南部非洲包括:赞比亚、安哥拉、津巴布韦、马拉维、莫桑比克、博茨瓦纳、纳米比亚、南非、斯威士兰、莱索托、马达加斯加、科摩罗、毛里求斯、留尼汪、圣赫勒拿等。     

中国计划生育学杂志2006年度全国优秀通联站、优秀发行通联站

一、优秀通联站北京市、河北省、山西省、吉林省、黑龙江省、江苏省、江西省、湖南省、广东省、贵州省、甘肃省、深圳市二、优秀发行通联站天津市、辽宁省、上海市、浙江省、安徽省、福建省、山东省、河南省、广西省、海南省、重庆市、云南省、大连市、宁波市、青岛市、武警总队中国计划生育学杂志2006年度全国优秀通联站、优秀发行通联站     

消费向导

蒲公英、益智、淡竹叶、胖大海、金银花、余甘子、葛根、鱼腥草、八角茴香、刀豆、姜(生姜、干姜)、枣(大枣、酸枣、黑枣)、山药、山楂、小茴香、木瓜、龙眼肉(桂圆)、白扁豆、百合、花椒、芡实、赤小豆、佛手、青果、杏仁(甜、苦)、昆布、桃仁、莲子、桑椹、榧子、淡豆豉、黑芝麻、黑胡椒、蜂蜜、莴苣、薏苡仁、枸     

山中,那二十九座坟茔——4·6小峪煤矿火灾泣录

开篇之前,让我们为在四·六火灾中丧生的朱芳、张宝娟、张世辉、左美丽、刘海涛、孙月玲、王晓秒、邓海燕、马玉霞、张凤凤、李炜霞、师海东、薛东刚、秦华、史建华、张秉东、杜晓飞、张向峰、贺佳音、王冠华、许平、白果利、吴世龙、李晓誉、张利华、郭慧元、李峰、宋晓宇、王军等二十九位死难学生致哀三分钟。     

如何选择门诊科室?

呼吸内科:发热、咳嗽、咯血、呼吸困难、呃逆、胸痛等。消化内科:恶心、呕吐、便秘、腹泻、吞咽困难、食欲异常、胃肠胀气、呕血便血、黄疸等。心血管内科:心悸、紫绀、心绞痛、高血压、低血压、脉搏异常等。肾内科:蛋白尿、尿色异常、尿量异常、尿路结石等。神经内科:头痛、面瘫、瘫痪、昏迷、抽搐、眩晕、肌肉萎缩、不自主运动、步态障碍等。     

维生素和矿物质的最佳食物来源

维生素A的最佳食物来源 动物肝脏、菠菜、甜瓜、甘蓝、花菜、杏、胡萝卜、红心甜薯等。 维生素D的最佳食物来源 鳕鱼、鱼肝油、大马哈鱼、金枪鱼、牛乳(加维生素D)。 维生素E的最佳食物来源 油、杏仁、向日葵籽、全麦、小麦胚芽、花生、芝麻、核桃仁、肝等。 维生素B_1的最佳食物来源 向日葵籽、啤酒、酵母、火腿、全麦粉、燕麦片、青豌豆、黄豆、粗粮、瘦猪肉、肝、肾等。 维生素B_2的最佳食物来源 肝、牛奶、牛肉、啤酒、酵母、向日葵籽、火腿、花菜、蛋、鳝鱼、肾、绿叶茶、鲜豆类等。 尼克酸的最佳食物来源 金枪鱼、鸡、火鸡、向日葵籽、火腿、菜花、花生、肉类、肝、酵母等。 维生素B_6的最佳食物来源 小麦胚芽、香蕉、荞麦粉、向日葵籽、花生、番     

祛病强身药酒

种子延龄酒（《妙一斋医学正印种子篇》）配方：生地黄、熟地黄、天门冬、麦门冬、当归、白术、白茯苓、大枣肉、制何首乌、牛膝、杜仲、枸杞子、巴戟肉、肉苁蓉、龟甲各60g，南川芎、菟丝子、川续断、远志肉、破故纸、山茱萸、石斛、甘菊花、陈皮、柏子仁、酸枣仁、小茴香、桂圆肉、青盐、胡桃肉、生姜、灯心各30g，白芍45g，人参、木香、石菖蒲、砂仁各15g，白酒20kg。     

关于印发解决贫困人口基本医疗有保障突出问题工作方案的通知

<正>国卫扶贫发[2019]45号河北省、山西省、内蒙古自治区、辽宁省、吉林省、黑龙江省、安徽省、福建省、江西省、山东省、河南省、湖北省、湖南省、广西壮族自治区、海南省、重庆市、四川省、贵州省、云南省、西藏自治区、陕西省、甘肃省、青海省、宁夏回族自治区、新疆维吾尔自治区卫生健康委、发展改革委、财政厅(局)、医保局、中医药局、扶贫办:     

肥胖对中小学生生理机能与常见疾病的影响

目的 使用2009年、2012年、2015年3个年份的样本量来分析重庆地区在2009—2015年间的肥胖检出情况、肥胖对学生的身体机能和常见疾病的影响情况,为改善学生生理机能、降低相关疾病寻找依据和方法。方法 通过分析2009年、2012年、2015年重庆市学生体质健康监测的累加数据,观察肥胖对学生血压、肺活量、肺活量指数、视力等身体机能的影响以及对近视、龋齿等常见疾病的影响。结果 2009年、2012年、2015年学生累计样本数为202 235人,体质量指数为肥胖的学生9 529人,肥胖率为4.71%,其中男生肥胖率为5.79%,女生肥胖率为3.73%,男生肥胖率高于女生,差异有统计学意义(χ2=473.66,P<0.01);城市学生肥胖率为5.88%,乡村学生肥胖率为3.66%,城市学生肥胖率高于乡村学生,差异有统计学意义(χ2=551.30,P<0.01)。在生理功能方面,非肥胖组学生右眼视力、左眼视力、收缩压、舒张压、肺活量、肺活量指数均优于肥胖组学生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。肥胖组学生龋失补总牙数均值与非肥胖组学生比较,差值为-0.22颗/人,差异有统计学意义(t=-16.31,P<0.01);肥胖组与非肥胖组的龋齿检出率分别为13.43%和20.54%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=113.34,P<0.01);肥胖组近视检出率右眼左眼分别为57.45%、 57.00%,非肥胖组近视检出率右眼左眼分别为51.86%、51.47%,肥胖组近视检出率与非肥胖组近视检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2右眼=113.34,P<0.01;χ2左眼=109.11,P<0.01)。结论 2009年、2012年、2015年重庆市中小学生肥胖检出率均处于一个较低水平,肥胖表现出了显著的性别间、城乡间差异;肥胖易使学生视力降低、血压升高、肺功能储备降低。     

医院医学计量器具计算机管理系统的设计方案

此系统是基于微软的Visual Foxpro6.0开发的数据库管理应用软件,数据库表中的字段有编号、部门、设备名称、型号规格、制造厂家、出厂编号、出厂日期、分类、检定时间、检定结论、下次检定时间、备注等。程序主菜单中设数据维护、数据查询、打印、统计、帮助、系统退出菜单。数据维护主菜单下设添加／删除数据、数据库管理子菜单;数据查询主菜单下设分类查询、分部查询、组合查询、打印主菜单下设分类打印、分部打印,报表打印。选定菜单即可完成对应的操作。     

对络气虚滞（过劳）型动脉粥样硬化模型的综合评价

目的对络气虚滞（过劳）型动脉粥样硬化（AS）模型中9个编号组即正常组、动脉粥样硬化组、单纯游泳（过劳）组、游泳加动脉粥样硬化组、辛伐他汀组（即辛伐他汀＋过劳加动脉粥样硬化,下同）、通心络大剂量组、通心络小剂量组、薤白四味组、人参组进行综合评价。方法分别应用TOPSIS法、灰色关联分析法、密切值法、优序法对AngⅡ、PRA等15项指标作综合评价,并对评价排序结果采用KENDALL-W协和系数法进行一致性检验。结果 TOPSIS法、灰色关联分析法、密切值法和优序法的评价结果具有一致性,从优到劣排序：正常组〉通心络大剂量组〉单纯动脉粥样硬化组〉通心络小剂量组〉薤白四味组〉单纯过劳组〉辛伐他汀组〉人参组〉过劳加动脉粥样硬化组。结论通心络对过劳加动脉粥样硬化Wistar雄性大鼠的疗效优于辛伐他汀、薤白四味、人参。     

The reporting of the risks from severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in the news media, 2003–2004

This paper analyses coverage of the risks from Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in March 2003 to April 2004 in 15 news media from seven countries (Canada, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Spain, the UK and the USA) as part of an analysis of risk management for the European Commission. A total of 1014 relevant news articles were found and coded for their presentational tone or ‘scariness,’ the types of risk (health, financial and political) mentioned, the countries involved, and the documents, people and organizations cited. The main period of the epidemic (as reported internationally) lasted 3 months from the end of March to the end of June 2003, by which time over 770 people had died worldwide. In the early weeks, the tone of the articles was somewhat scary, but by the end of May much had been learned about the disease, its likely death rate and how to contain it, and the articles became less numerous and more moderate in tone. Because of the rapid spread of the disease, there was not time for it to become politicized. Some 62 documents were cited in the news articles, mostly research papers. The people and organizations most cited were the WHO, medical personnel, officials, governments, politicians and scientists; the latter tended to make the news articles less scary. Public reaction to the news, in the form of statistics on air travellers to the Far East and to Toronto, Canada, suggests that the health risks of the latter were seen as much less serious than those of the former.     

L’hyponatrémie hypotonique du sportif d’endurance

Rehydration during prolonged exercise is essential to replace the fluid losses, principally induced by sweating, which can, sometimes importantly, disturb the fluid and electrolyte balance with unfavourable effects on the well-being. However, as far back as 1985, the first cases of symptomatic hyponatremia have been described during ultraendurance events, due to the ingestion of excessive volumes of water compared to sodium intakes. Since then, with the success of such ultradistance events, further cases have been reported. The current data allow to better know the symptomatologic and epidemiologic aspects, and the physiopathological mechanisms of hyponatremia induced by the pratice of sports. Thus, the present paper, purposes to show the important role of the sodium to well understand the conditions of the appearance of hyponatremia, to take stock on the hyponatremia in the ultraendurance athletes, and to give recommendations of fluid and salt intakes in the practice of sports.     

Nutraceuticals in Viral Infections: An Overview of the Immunomodulating Properties

Nutraceuticals, including vitamin D, vitamin A, zinc, lactoferrin, polyphenols coenzyme Q, magnesium, and selenium, are implicated in the modulation of the complex molecular pathways involved in the immune response against viral pathogens. A common element of the activity of nutraceuticals is their ability to enhance the innate immune response against pathogens by acting on the major cellular subsets and inducing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides. In some cases, this action is accompanied by a direct antimicrobial effect, as evidenced in the specific case of lactoferrin. Furthermore, nutraceuticals act through complex molecular mechanisms to minimize the damage caused by the activation of the immune system against pathogens, reducing the oxidative damage, influencing the antigen presentation, enhancing the differentiation and proliferation of regulatory T cells, driving the differentiation of lymphocyte subsets, and modulating the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In this paper, we review the main molecular mechanisms responsible for the immunomodulatory function of nutraceuticals, focusing on the most relevant aspects for the prevention and treatment of viral infections.     

Visits to Physicians after the Oxygenation of Gasoline in Philadelphia

During the period between 1992 and 1997, there was an increase in levels of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) in gasoline in the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, area. In this study, the authors analyzed billing records from clinical practices that were extensions of the University of Pennsylvania. The authors based their selections on the International Classification of Diseases-9 diagnostic codes, which were determined from (1) previous studies of methyl tertiary butyl ether conducted by the Centers for Disease Control; (2) respiratory symptoms, including asthma and wheezing; and (3) symptoms associated anecdotally with methyl tertiary butyl ether levels in gasoline. The authors normalized all data by the total number of office visits. The incidences of headache, throat irritation, allergic rhinitis, cough, nausea, dizziness, upper respiratory infections, wheezing, otitis media, skin rash, anxiety, insomnia, palpitations, generalized allergy, and malaise were increased during the period studied. Large increases occurred during the winters of 1993–1994 and 1994–1995 (during which there were high levels of MTBE), but not in the preceding summers (during which there were low levels of MTBE). This was especially true for asthma and wheezing. During the summers of 1995, 1996, and 1997, the incidences of the aforementioned symptoms increased greatly.     

Comparison of the mineral and trace element concentrations between ‘gazpacho’ and the vegetables used in its elaboration

Contents of moisture, ash and minerals and trace elements (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, zinc and manganese) were determined in vegetable samples—garlic, tomato, white onion, cucumber, pepper—in ‘gazpacho’, which was elaborated using these vegetables. The mean sodium concentration in ‘gazpacho’ was much higher than those mean values observed in the fresh vegetables. The mean values of the minerals studied in the ‘gazpacho’, except sodium and calcium, tend to be lower than the mean values in the vegetables used. Garlic presented significantly higher mean contents of the trace elements than the rest of the vegetables and the ‘gazpacho’. Many highly significant correlations between all the minerals analyzed, except calcium, were observed. Factor analysis makes it possible to differentiate the samples of garlic, onion, and ‘gazpacho’ from one another, and from the rest of the vegetables considered.     

Cholera in Haiti and other Caribbean regions, 19th century

Medical journals and other sources do not show evidence that cholera occurred in Haiti before 2010, despite the devastating effect of this disease in the Caribbean region in the 19th century. Cholera occurred in Cuba in 1833-1834; in Jamaica, Cuba, Puerto Rico, St. Thomas, St. Lucia, St. Kitts, Nevis, Trinidad, the Bahamas, St. Vincent, Granada, Anguilla, St. John, Tortola, the Turks and Caicos, the Grenadines (Carriacou and Petite Martinique), and possibly Antigua in 1850-1856; and in Guadeloupe, Cuba, St. Thomas, the Dominican Republic, Dominica, Martinique, and Marie Galante in 1865-1872. Conditions associated with slavery and colonial military control were absent in independent Haiti. Clustered populations, regular influx of new persons, and close quarters of barracks living contributed to spread of cholera in other Caribbean locations. We provide historical accounts of the presence and spread of cholera epidemics in Caribbean islands.     

Occupational health in the USA in the 21st century

Comparable to the confusion encountered in the birth of the machine age is the perplexing reconfiguration of the United States' health care system. Paralleling the advances in medicine have been the divesting mergers and downsizing of industry, coupled with globalization, which have released millions of long-time workers. The labour contingent is changing, with the addition of great numbers of women and immigrant workers, and the manufacturing economy has become one of service and information. Serving the occupational health (OH) needs of such a force have been the professional societies of physicians, nurses, and industrial hygienists, with their members providing care in a broad variety of facilities. It is possible that a national organization, including all these disciplines, would have a greater voice in the protection of workers' health. Immediate leadership of an occupational health service (OHS) can be rotated among the disciplines, so that competition for primacy among the professionals would end. The new workforce demands culture sensitivity among OH personnel and polylingual capabilities may be demanded in the future. Management skills will be required of all in OH, and greater participation of employees in OH policy will characterize the decades ahead. Nearly neglected up to now, occupational mental health programming will be required to meet the real needs of workers, and to counter the move to outsource OH services, where little patient contact results. Behavioural safety, total quality management, and application of the rapidly developing technologies in health care will define the 21st century efforts in OH. Remaining issues, such as violence, telecommuting injuries, the inclusion of alternative medicine, and women's health, among others, will see carry-over for resolution into the year 2000.