开窗植骨与闭合冲压上颌窦底提升同期种植的临床研究

目的:研究比较上后牙缺失牙槽嵴高度不足患者,根据上颌窦底牙槽嵴骨高度不同,选用开窗植骨或闭合冲压提升上颌窦底,同期种植牙的治疗效果。方法:43例(55侧)上后牙缺失患者,其中34例(40侧)窦底牙槽嵴骨高6~10 mm者行闭合冲压上颌窦底提升术,其余9例(15侧)骨高2~5 mm者行开窗植骨上颌窦底提升手术,均同期完成一期种植体植入手术。结果:所有患者术后未出现上颌窦炎症,9例行开窗植骨上颌窦底提升手术的患者,无窦膜穿孔,平均提升窦底高度5.8 mm,26颗种植体平均负载30个月,种植体稳定,骨结合状况良好。34例行闭合冲压上颌窦底提升术的患者,平均提升窦底高度4.3 mm,手术操作中有3颗发生可察觉窦膜破孔,发生率为4.1%(3/73),在73颗种植体中,有2颗种植体失败,71颗种植体平均负载23个月,种植体稳定,未见明显骨吸收,成功率97.3%(71/73)。结论:闭合冲压上颌窦底提升术是一种微创、简单、可靠用于上颌后牙上颌窦底牙槽嵴骨高度不足的种植临床技术,临床上应根据上颌窦底牙槽嵴骨高度不同,选用开窗植骨或闭合冲压提升上颌窦底。     

上颌窦底提升术的临床研究

目的:研究比较上后牙缺失后牙槽嵴高度不足时根据上颌窦底牙槽嵴骨高度不同,选用不同术式和不同充填材料提升上颌窦底,进行种植修复的治疗效果.方法:89例上后牙缺失的患者,其中68例窦底牙槽嵴骨高6一lOnun者行闭合冲压上颌窦底提升术,其余21例骨高2-5mm者行开窗植骨上颌窦底提升手术,同期完成一期种植手术86例,二期完成种植手术3例.充填材料有自体颗粒骨、人工骨粉或者自体颗粒骨加人工骨粉.结果:所有患者术后未出现上颌窦炎症,21例行开窗植骨上颌窦底提升手术的患者2例术中窦膜穿孔,以可吸收生物膜修补后同期完成种植手术.平均提升窦底高度5.8mm,59颗种植体有1颗松动失败,其余种植体平均负载23个月,种植体稳定,骨结合状况良好.68例行闭合冲压上颌窦底提升术的患者,平均提升窦底高度4.1mm.植入术中有3例发生可察觉窦膜破孔,3例术后2天内鼻腔少量自发性渗血,其余无明显症状.在121颗种植体中,有2颗种植体失败,119颗种植体平均负载15个月,种植体稳定,未见明显骨吸收.结论:临床上上颌窦底骨高度不足的情况应根据上颌窦底骨高度不同,选用开窗植骨或闭合冲压提升上颌窦底,并根据需提升高度不同选用不同的充填材料,大多数可以同期种植.     

冲压式上颌窦底提升术同期种植临床分析

目的:探讨上颌后牙区采用冲压式上颌窦底提升术植骨与不植骨同期种植的效果。方法:2001年1月—2007年12月,共完成冲压式上颌窦底提升种植修复病例91例,男35例,女56例,随机分为2组,植骨组47例,植入57颗种植体;不植骨组44例,植入种植体51颗,共植入108颗种植体。上颌窦底剩余牙槽骨高度为5～11mm,提升幅度为2～6mm。平均随访56.8个月。35例患者(41颗种植体)于后期随访中行锥形束CT(CBCT)和根尖片,观察种植体新骨形成量和种植体突出窦底高度,应用SPSS17.0软件包对数据进行方差分析和t检验。结果:植骨组7颗种植体脱落,存留率为87.7%;不植骨组3颗种植体脱落,存留率为94.1%。CBCT扫描显示,提升幅度为2～4mm时,植骨组新骨形成高度为(2.7±1.3)mm,不植骨组为(2.4±1.5)mm,2组间无统计学差异;提升幅度为4～6mm时,植骨组新骨形成高度为(3.5±1.3)mm,不植骨组为(1.3±0.4)mm,植骨组比不植骨组新骨形成高度显著增加。结论:在上颌后牙缺失区采用冲压式上颌窦底提升、不植骨同期种植是安全可行的,植骨材料对于促进新骨形成并非必须,然而提升幅度较大时,植骨能获得更多的骨量。     

冲顶式上颌窦提升的临床评价及相关问题探讨

目的:评价经牙槽嵴顶入路行冲顶式上颌窦提升同期植入牙种植体的临床疗效及相关影响因素.方法:25例上颌后牙缺失的患者接受冲顶式上颌窦提升术同期植骨并植入牙种植体,共植入种植体51颗,采用自体骨和人工骨的混合骨粉作为植骨材料,术后随访1-3年.结果:原牙槽嵴高度为4-8.9mm,术后提升上颌窦底高度2～6mm,平均提升高度3.98mm.种植体长度在8-13mm之间,平均11.5mm.有一例术后24 h有轻微鼻腔出血,所有病例均未发生上颌窦穿孔.三颗种植体在二期修复前松动,拔除后有两颗重新植入获得良好的骨整合效果.所有病例均在术后6-18个月行固定义齿修复,在随访期内未发现种植体或上部结构松动.结论:冲顶式上颌窦底提升同期牙种植体植入术较开窗式上颌窦提升创伤小,操作步骤简单,避免了二次手术,节约了患者的时间和费用,可以广泛应用于垂直骨量相对不足的上颌后牙区.     

冲压式上颌窦底提升术使用或不使用植骨材料的临床对比研究

本研究的目的是评估采用冲压式上颌窦底提升术使用或不使用植骨材料植入上颌后牙区的远期效果及种植体周围骨改建情况。研究回顾了2002.12～2007.6年期间于北京口腔医院种植中心共91例患者,他们进行了上颌后牙区的冲压式上颌窦底提升术,共植入108颗种植体,其中47例患者植入Bio-oss骨粉后同期植入57颗种植体(植骨组),44例患者未植入任何植骨材料共植入51颗种植体(不植骨组),     

上颌窦底内提升术不植骨同期植入种植体8例临床分析

目的:探讨上颌窦底内提升术在不植骨的情况下同期植入种植体的临床效果.方法:收集2008-2011年杨思医院口腔科收治的8例上颌磨牙缺失、施行上颌窦底内提升术不植骨同期植入种植体患者的临床资料,统计进行修复时和修复完成6个月后种植体的存留率,分析人工骨移植在上颌窦内提升术中所起的作用.结果:8例上颌磨牙缺失患者在不植骨的情况下,进行上颌窦底内提升术同期植入XIVE种植体14颗,修复时有1颗种植体因未形成骨结合而取出,修复完成后6个月复诊时,无种植体脱落,种植体存留率达92.9％.结论:不植骨并上颌窦底内提升同期植入种植体,6个月内能获得较高的存留率,接近文献报道的植骨并上颌窦底内提升术中种植体的存留率.     

上颌窦区骨量不足3mm植骨后同期种植临床效果分析

目的:探讨在上颌窦区骨量不足3 mm的情况下,进行上颌窦底提升术并植骨同期将种植体植入的临床效果.方法:选择复旦大学附属中山医院和静安区牙病防治所2012年4月1日-2015年12月31日上颌后牙缺失患者56例,剩余牙槽骨高度均小于3 mm,术中行上颌窦底提升术并植骨,同期将种植体植入.术后3、6、12个月定期随访,分析及评估术后愈合效果及骨结合情况.结果:56例患者共植入72颗种植体,随访期间,种植体与周围骨组织结合良好,种植体稳定.术后6个月行种植修复,均能正常行使咀嚼功能,牙龈无形态、色泽异常,无并发症发生,手术成功率为100％.结论:对于上颌窦底骨量不足3 mm的患者,术中行上颌窦底提升术并植骨同期将种植体植入,也能取得良好的治疗效果.     

种植床自体骨移植在上颌窦闭合式提升中的临床应用

目的评价种植床自体骨植骨行上颌窦闭合式提升后同期植入种植体的临床效果。方法对上颌后牙缺失后剩余牙槽骨高度在6-10mm患者,用中空圆柱钻制备种植床,收集种植床自体骨,行上颌窦闭合式挤压提升后,植入自体骨和ITI种植体,6-9个月后行上部结构修复。结果17例患者共植入25颗种植体,平均提升上颌窦底高度为3.4mm(2-4mm),修复后追踪观察6-36个月,l颗种植体修复6个月后松动拔除。其余24颗种植体平均负载21个月,种植体稳定,未见明显骨吸收,所有病例均无上颌窦并发症。结论严格掌握适应证,种植床自体骨植骨上颌窦闭合式提升同期植入种植体,创伤小、操作较简单,无须开辟第2手术区。     

用水囊扩张法提升上颌窦底并植骨同期种植的临床研究

目的 探讨及评估应用水囊扩张法提升上颌窦底黏膜并同期植骨种植的临床应用效果及技术特点.方法 自2006年5月至2007年11月用水囊扩张法从牙槽嵴顶入路提升上颌窦底黏膜并植骨同期行种植体植入术患者共31例,本组31例均为上颌后牙单颗牙缺失,剩余牙槽骨高度为(4.79±1.18)mm.本组患者男性16例,女性15例,年龄(41.2±11.8)岁.观察方法为临床检查及影像学检查.结果 31例上颌窦底提升高度为(10.60±2.06)mm,共植入种植体31枚,均已完成种植修复,平均追踪(14.2±3.6)个月.术后未观察到明显的并发症及不良反应.1枚种植体感染于术后2周脱落,愈合3个月后再次行种植体植入,愈合良好,已完成修复.结论 应用水囊扩张法提升上颌窦底黏膜并植骨同期种植,手术创伤小、临床操作简单、重复性好,近期临床效果可靠.     

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目的 评估上后牙区牙缺失后剩余牙槽骨高度不足5 mm时运用冲压法上颌窦底提升术进行种植修复是否安全可靠。方法 选择2011年1月至2014年1月于第四军医大学口腔医院口腔种植科行种植修复的上颌后牙区缺牙后牙槽嵴严重萎缩(剩余牙槽骨高度不足5 mm)病例26例,均采用冲压法上颌窦底提升术植入植骨材料并同期植入种植体,收集患者影像学资料并测量种植体周软组织指数,进行回顾性研究。分别测量术后及最终修复体戴入1年后随访时的边缘骨水平、根尖骨高度及软组织指数并进行分析。结果 共35颗种植体纳入本研究,边缘骨吸收为(1.21±0.40)mm,术后根尖骨高度为(1.33±0.52)mm,随访时根尖骨高度为(1.20±0.52)mm,随访时根尖骨高度较种植体植入后降低,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随访时35颗种植体的改良菌斑指数(mPLI)为1.46±0.78,改良出血指数(mSBI)为1.26±0.74。结论 当上颌后牙区剩余牙槽骨高度不足5 mm时,可运用冲压法上颌窦底提升术植入种植体,其效果较为满意。     

牙周炎患者上颌窦提升术同期牙种植的临床观察

目的：对牙周炎患者行上颌窦内提升术同期植入种植体的临床效果进行评价。方法：收集2007年7月～2013年7月因上颌后牙缺失的慢性牙周炎患者25例,行单纯上颌窦内提升术并同期植入种植体43枚,修复后随访观察6～70个月。结果：观察期内种植体总留存率97．67％,窦底提升高度≥6mm者种植体留存率为94．44％。42枚种植体成功负载,无松动或脱落。所有牙周炎患者在随访期内均未发生上颌窦炎症,曲面断层片显示种植体根尖部与窦底之间可见新骨生成,种植体周围骨整合良好,窦底提升后上颌窦底至牙槽嵴顶的骨量明显增加。种植体周围软组织健康,无炎症,牙周探诊龈沟出血指数（SBI）0—1度。结论：对剩余骨高度不足的慢性牙周炎患者,上颌窦内提升术同期植入种植体可获得满意的临床效果。     

上颌窦底微创提升的短期临床疗效评价

目的：通过临床试验评估一种上颌窦底微创提升技术的疗效。方法试验组11例患者的上颌后牙区行上颌窦底微创提升技术并同期植入短种植体14枚。对照组10例患者进行了使用扩孔钻的上颌窦冲顶技术并同期植入短种植体13枚。两组患者术后6个月行暂冠修复,进行咬合训练及软组织塑形,3个月后永久修复。术后定期复诊,检查患者的上颌窦、种植体骨结合情况,并使用锥形束CT（CBCT）测量骨增量水平。结果试验组及对照组均无种植体松动、脱落及上颌窦炎发生,CBCT显示种植体与周围组织形成良好的骨性结合。经2~28个月随访观察,临床效果良好。试验组和对照组平均窦底垂直骨增量分别为5.87和5.45 mm。结论上颌窦底微创提升联合短种植体同期植入是一种创伤小、操作简单、行之有效的上颌后牙区种植外科技术,可用于上颌窦底垂直骨量严重不足,余留牙槽骨高度不足4 mm的病例。     

Osteotome sinus floor elevation and simultaneous placement of implants--a 1-year retrospective study with Astra Tech implants

Background: The bone support for implants in the posterior part of the maxilla is often poor. This condition may be treated with augmentation of the maxillary sinus floor. The most common technique used is to elevate the sinus floor by inserting a bone graft through a window opened in the lateral antral wall, although less invasive techniques with osteotomes have been used since 1994. Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcome of implants placed in the posterior maxilla with the osteotome sinus floor elevation (OSFE) technique without grafting. Materials and Methods: The study population comprised 36 consecutive patients in whom 53 implants were inserted with the OSFE technique. The indication for sinus floor elevation was that the bone height below the maxillary sinus was considered to be 10 mm or less. Results: The mean height of the alveolar process in the intended implant sites was 6.3 ± 0.3 mm, and the mean elevation of the sinus floor was 4.4 ± 0.2 mm. At the 1‐year follow‐up, two implants had been lost, both in edentulous patients. The remaining 51 implants inserted were in function, giving a 1‐year cumulative survival rate of 96%. Implants used in single‐tooth replacements and in partially edentulous cases had a 100% survival rate. The mean marginal bone level at the time of loading of the implants was 0.1 ± 0.04 mm below the reference point. One year later, the corresponding value was 0.5 ± 0.06 mm. The mean bone loss between the two examinations was 0.4 ± 0.05 mm. Conclusions: The OSFE technique, without bone grafts, was found to produce predictable results in the treatment of 36 patients with restricted bone volume in the posterior part of the maxilla.     

不植骨上颌窦内提升术种植的临床疗效观察

目的 评价不植骨上颌窦内提升术在剩余牙槽骨高度为（RBH）3-8mm的患者种植修复中应用的临床效果。方法 对上颌后牙缺失,接受上颌窦内提升术,同期植入种植体但未进行植骨的10例患者进行回顾调查研究,这些病例术前的RBH范围均处于3~8 mm范围内。参照Cochran提出的种植体成功标准进行临床随访。通过影像资料测量术前种植体近远中位置RBH,并与术后1年相同位置进行对比,分析骨量变化。结果 10例病例的种植体均存留,根据标准评价1年种植成功率100%。病例术前RBH处于3.0-7.2mm之间,术后1年种植体边缘骨高度为3.6-9.2 mm,两者比较存在统计差异（P＜0.05）,种植区骨变化量（1.1±0.5）mm。结论 上颌窦内提升术在不植骨的条件下对于RBH 3-8mm的患者具有较好的短期临床效果。     

Osteotome Sinus Floor Elevation without Bone Grafts – A 3‐Year Retrospective Study with Astra Tech Implants

Background: The bone support for implants in the posterior part of the maxilla is often poor. This condition may be treated with augmentation of the maxillary sinus floor. The most common technique used is to elevate the sinus floor by inserting a bone graft through a window opened in the lateral antral wall. In 1994, a less‐invasive technique using osteotomes was suggested by Summers. Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcome of implants placed in the posterior maxilla with the osteotome sinus floor elevation (OSFE) technique without grafting. Materials and Methods: The study population comprised 36 consecutive patients in whom 53 implants were inserted with the OSFE technique. The indication for sinus floor elevation was that the bone height below the maxillary sinus was considered to be 10 mm or less. Results: The mean height of the alveolar process in the intended implant sites was 6.3 ± 0.3 mm, and the mean elevation of the sinus floor was 4.4 ± 0.2 mm. Two implants in edentulous patients were lost at the 1‐year follow‐up, and one more at the 3‐year examination. The remaining 50 implants inserted were in function, giving a 3‐year cumulative survival rate of 94%. Implants used in single‐tooth replacements and in partially edentulous cases had a 100% survival rate. The marginal bone level at the time of loading of the implants was 0.1 ± 0.04 mm below the reference point. One year later, the corresponding value was 0.5 ± 0.06 mm. The mean bone loss between the two examinations was 0.4 ± 0.05 mm. At the final examination after 3 years, the mean bone level was situated 0.6 ± 0.09 mm below the reference point, indicating a nonsignificant change between 1 year and 3 years. Conclusions: The OSFE technique, without bone grafts, was found to produce predictable results in the treatment of 36 patients with restricted bone volume in the posterior part of the maxilla.     

Resonance frequency analysis of stability on ITI implants with osteotome sinus floor elevation technique without grafting: a 5-month prospective study

Objective: The aim of the present study was to (1) monitor the stability changes of ITI implants placed in atrophic posterior maxillary ridges with osteotome sinus floor elevation (OSFE) without grafting during the first 5 months of healing utilizing resonance frequency analysis (RFA) and (2) determine the factors that affect the implant stability quotient (ISQ) at placement and healings. Material and methods: Forty‐two ITI implants were placed in the posterior maxilla in 32 patients with OSFE without bone grafting. The residual vertical bone height ranged from 4 to 8 mm (average 6.36 mm). Bone type was classified into one to four groups according to the Lekholm and Zarb index. ISQ was tested on the day of surgery and consecutively at 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, and 20 weeks by RFA. Results: The 40 osseointegrated implants represented a survival rate of 95.2%. All the 40 implants achieved good primary stability and reached a comparably high stability at 16 weeks postoperation with a dip between 2 and 6 weeks in the stability curve. There was no significant difference of ISQ between type3 and type4 bone at implant placement and follow‐up. The mean ISQ and its changing pattern did not demonstrate a statistically significant difference according to the pretreatment vertical bone height and implant length. Conclusions: The findings of this study indicated that uneventful osseointegration may be predictable applying OSFE alone with no grafting in atrophic posterior maxilla. Residual bone height (RBH), implant length, and bone type did not seem to affect the implant stability in this clinical situation.     

Osteotome sinus floor elevation with or without grafting: a preliminary clinical trial

Objectives: This clinical trial aimed (1) to evaluate the predictability of the osteotome sinus floor elevation (OSFE) technique, (2) to study the influence of simultaneous grafting on the clinical success of placing dental implants in the posterior maxilla using OSFE and (3) to observe the bone changes in the elevated space with OSFE without grafting. Material and methods: Two hundred and eighty Straumann^® implants were placed in the posterior maxillae of 202 patients using OSFE. One hundred and ninety‐one implants were placed in 125 patients without grafting. The implants were allowed to heal for 3–4 months for non‐grafted implants and for 6–8 months for grafted cases. For radiographic analyses, periapical and panoramic radiographs were taken of 30 implants at 3 and 9 months to assess the bone changes for the elevated sites without grafting. Results: Two hundred and sixty‐eight of 280 implants fulfilling the survival criteria represented a cumulative survival rate of 95.71%. The residual bone height (RBH) was 5.6±2.5 mm for the non‐grafted group and 4.7±2.1 mm for the grafted group. The perforation rate was 4.29%. No significant differences were found between the two groups in RBH, survival rate or membrane perforation rate. The radiographic analyses demonstrated that new bone formation in the elevated sinus was visible and the endo‐sinus bone gain was 2.26±0.92 mm and 2.66±0.87 mm at 3‐ and 9‐ month follow‐up, respectively. Crestal bone loss (CBL) was 0.89±0.5 and 1.2±0.48 mm at 3 and 9 months. For the two test groups, RBH did not have a significant influence on the survival of the implants. At the 9‐month follow‐up, the endo‐sinus bone gain and CBL were not significantly correlated to RBH. The implant protrusion length was significantly correlated to the endo‐sinus bone gain. Conclusions: The findings of this study indicated that uneventful osseointegration may be predictable on applying OSFE whether with or without grafting in atrophic posterior maxilla. Spontaneous new bone formation seemed to be expected with implants placed using OSFE without simultaneous grafting. To cite this article:
Lai H‐C, Zhuang L‐F, Lv X‐F, Zhang Z‐Y, Zhang Y‐X, Zhang Z‐Y. Osteotome sinus floor elevation with or without grafting: a preliminary clinical trial.
Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21 , 2010; 520–526.
doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2009.01889.x     

上颌窦底提升不植骨同期植入种植体的临床疗效观察

目的 观察冲压式上颌窦底提升术(osteotome sinus floor elevation,OSFE)不植骨并同期植入种植体的临床疗效及技术特点.方法 自2000年1月至2008年12月对65例患者经牙槽嵴顶入路,行OSFE并同期行种植体植入术,共植入96枚种植体,手术过程中上颌窦内不植入任何骨充填材料.缺牙区牙槽骨可用骨高度为5～8 mm,平均(6.78 4±1.04)mm.观察方法 为临床和X线片检查.对种植体凸入上颌窦内不同长度、安底改建情况进行卡方检验.结果 除1例单牙种植术后15 d因种植体松动、牙龈红肿取出种植体,其余64例患者随访>5年12例,>3年14例,>2年28例,>1年lO例,平均随访33.4个月.96枚种植体中除1枚于种植15 d后松动取bm外,其余种植体均获得良好的骨结合并完成上部义齿修复,种植体周围软组织无炎症,咀嚼功能良好.种植体凸入上颌窦内1～5 mm,平均2.57 mm,51枚(54%)种植体根方有不同程度的新骨形成,33枚(35%)种植体根方形成了新的上颌窦底,11枚(12%)种植体根周末见明显新骨形成.统计分析显示,种植体凸入上颌窦内的长度与上颌窦底骨改建差异无统计学意义(x2=6.113,P=0.191).结论 应严格把握OSFE适应证;OSFE时不植骨并同期植人种植体的短期临床效果是可预期的;新的窦底形成与上颌窦底提升高度无明显相关性.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the clinical results of osteotome sinus floor elevation(OSFE)without grafting combined with simultaneous implant placement.Methods A total of 65 patients underwent maxillary sinus floor elevation from alveolus without any bone grafting from January 2000 to December 2008 and 96 implants were placed in the maxillary posterior edentulous region simultaneously.Clinical and radiography examinations were performed.The residual bone height ranged from 5 to 8 mm and the mean bone height was(6.78±1.04)mm.The mean following period was 33.4 months.Statistical analysis was perfbrmed by chi square test.Results Ninety-five of 96 implants were clinically stable and functioned without any pain and other complaints.One implant Was extracted 15 days after operation because of mobility and the other implants obtained osseointegration.The mean implant protrusion lengh Was 2.6 mm,ranging from 1 to 5 mm.Different degree of new bone formation was observed in 51(54%)of implants.New maxillary sinus floor outline Was observed in 33(35%)of implants and there was no obvious new bone in 11(12%)of implants.There Was no significant deference between the implant protrusion length and sinus floor remodeling.Conclusions Under strict indications,the clinical results of OSFE without bone grafting combined with simultaneous implant placement were predictable in short term.The new sinus floor formation was not related to the implant protrusion length.     

Osteotome sinus floor elevation technique without grafting material: 3-year results of a prospective pilot study

Objective: In a prospective pilot study, short≤10 mm ITI-SLA implants were placed in the resorbed posterior maxilla by means of an osteotome sinus floor elevation (OSFE) procedure without grafting material. This paper presents 3-year data assessing bone-level changes around implants.
Material and methods: Twenty-five implants were placed in 17 patients to rehabilitate 16 molar and nine premolar sites. The mean residual bone height (RBH) was 5.4 ± 2.3 mm. A healing period of 3–4 months was allowed before abutment tightening. Most implants (21/25) were 10 mm long, and the others were 8 and 6 mm long. At the 3-year control, endo-sinus bone gain, implant length protruding into the sinus and crestal bone loss (CBL) were measured on periapical radiographs.
Results: All implants fulfilled the survival criteria. Despite the absence of grafting material, implants were embedded into newly formed bone tissue. All implants gained endo-sinus bone; the mean gained bone was 3.1 ± 1.5 mm. The residual protrusion length decreased from 4.9 ± 2.1 to 1.8 ± 2.1 mm. CBL was 0.9 ± 0.8 mm.
Conclusions: This study confirms that the OSFE procedure without grafting material is sufficient to create bone beyond the natural limit of the sinus. On the mid-term of 3 years, the technique was found to be predictable in the posterior maxilla when the RBH is limited. Implants gained endo-sinus bone despite the lack of grafting material. Bone gain was still improving over the first-year control. No shrinkage of the augmented area was observed.