McAb－BA－ELISA检测人血清青霉素特异性IgE

利用单克隆抗体及生物素亲和素系统，建立ＭｃＡｂ－ＢＡ－ＥＬＩＳＡ检测人血清青霉素特异性ＩｇＥ。２７例青霉素Ｉ型变态反应患者中，６例青霉素特异性ＩｇＥ（２２．２％）阳性；而１００例非青霉素过敏者均阴性，且随机使用青霉素无反应。结果尚表明青霉素特异性ＩｇＧ并未明显影响青霉素特异性ＩｇＥ的检测（Ｐ＞０．０５）。     

STD门诊患者血清HSV－2 IgG抗体检测报告

采用ＥＬＩＳＡ技术检测了８０例ＳＴＤ门诊患者（其中淋病１４例、非特异性泌尿生殖道感染３８例及尖锐湿疣２８例）血清单纯疱疹病毒２型（ＨＳＶ－２）ＩｇＧ抗体。结果发现ＳＴＤ患者血清ＨＳＶ－２ＩｇＧ抗体阳性率为６０．０％，远比正常人群中的２５．３％为高（Ｐ＜０．００１），说明生殖器疱疹病毒感染在我国与西方国家一样，有上升和流行趋势。     

19（s）－IgM－TPHA检测先天梅毒及1例报告

用梅毒螺旋体特异性抗体１９（ｓ）－ＩｇＭ＋ＴＰＨＡ检测方法，确诊１例出生４天新生儿患先天梅毒。其母在怀孕晚期患二期潜隐梅毒，分娩前２周给红霉素治疗，分娩后复查ＲＰＲ滴度不变而１９（ｓ）－ＩｇＭ滴度显著下降。治疗１１个月后母婴１９（ｓ）－ＩｇＭ均转阴。作者认为，１９（ｓ）－ＩｇＭ检测是一种先天梅毒确诊手段。此法还是判断梅毒治疗效果的敏感指标。     

荨麻疹

２００００９９６ 应用Ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ检测过敏性皮肤病患者过敏原的研究／陈文碧（四川沪州医学院寄生虫学教研室）…／／皮肤病与性病．－１９９９，２１（４）．－６～７ 目前临床上常用过敏原检测方法为皮内试验，但其特异性不高，易出现假阳性或假阴性。采用Ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ检测荨麻疹患者２６例、其他过敏性疾病（包括哮喘、过敏性紫癜）１３例血清中抗过敏原的特异性ＩｇＧ抗体。结果表明，与健康对照组相比，有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．００１），该方法具较高特异性和敏感性，且成本低、操作方便、观测结果直接等优点。为检测过…     

季节性面部接触性皮炎患者血清总IgE、特异性IgE及其皮肤划痕试验的相互关系

采用ＩＲＭＡ对季节性面部接触性皮炎患者进行血清总ＩｇＥ测定，同时用南京地区常见致敏花粉进行皮肤划痕试验及ＥＬＩＳＡ检测血清特异性ＩｇＥ。结果：血清总ＩｇＥ与特异性ＩｇＥ有明显相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）、符合率为７０．７％，血清总ＩｇＥ与皮肤划痕试验有明显相关（Ｐ＜０．００５）、符合率为７５．６％，皮肤划痕试验与血清特异。性ＩｇＥ有明显相关（Ｐ＜０．００５）、符合率为７５．６％。三者总符合率为６４．９％。     

酶联免疫吸附试验检测麻风特异性抗PGL－1抗体

用麻风菌特异性酚糖脂－１（ＰＧＬ－１）抗原（ＮＴ－Ｐ－ＢＳＡ）作酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ），分别检测麻风病人５０例（ＬＬ４０例。阳性１６例，占４０．０ｆ％；ＢＬ９例，阳性４例，占４４．４％；Ⅰ１例为阴性），总阳性２０例，占４０．０％。治愈老残病人１３３例阳性１９例，占１４．３％；家内接触者１０２例，阳性９例，占８．８％。并作了结核病人８７例及正常人群１７４例。结果表明ＮＴ－Ｐ－ＢＳＡ－ＥＬＩＳＡ法具有较高的敏感性和特异性，将有助于麻风的早期诊断、判愈、复发予测及亚临床感染和免疫流行病学等研究。     

酶联免疫吸附试验检测麻风特异性抗PGL－1抗体

用麻风菌特异性酚糖脂－１（ＰＧＬ－１）抗原（ＮＴ－Ｐ－ＢＳＡ）作酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ），分别检测麻风病人５０例（ＬＬ４０例。阳性１６例，占４０．０ｆ％；ＢＬ９例，阳性４例，占４４．４％；Ⅰ１例为阴性），总阳性２０例，占４０．０％。治愈老残病人１３３例阳性１９例，占１４．３％；家内接触者１０２例，阳性９例，占８．８％。并作了结核病人８７例及正常人群１７４例。结果表明ＮＴ－Ｐ－ＢＳＡ－ＥＬＩＳＡ法具有较高的敏感性和特异性，将有助于麻风的早期诊断、判愈、复发予测及亚临床感染和免疫流行病学等研究。     

STD门诊患者血清HSV—2IgG抗体检测报告

采用ＥＬＩＳＡ技术检测了８０例ＳＴＤ门诊患者（其中淋病１４例、非特异性泌尿生殖道感染３８例及尖锐湿疣２８例）血清单纯疱疹病毒２型）ＨＳＶ－２）ＩｇＧ抗体。结果发现ＳＴＤ患者血清ＨＳＶ－２ＩｇＧ抗体阳性率为６０．０％，远比正常人群中的２５．３％为高（Ｐ＜０．００１），说明生死器疱疹病毒感染在我国与西方国家一样，有上和流行趋势。     

血清总IgE与T淋巴细胞及5－HT、5－HIAA的关系研究

本文对１３０例皮肤病患者，采用三抗体放射免疫法测定血清总ＩｇＥ，３０例同时测定Ｔ淋巴细胞及其亚群，６８例测定５－ＨＴ及５－ＨＩＡＡ。并分别与３０例正常人作对照。发现ＩｇＥ含量升高与病情严重程度有关，与Ｔ细胞数及ＣＤ＿４／ＣＤ＿８比率下降有明显相关性。与５－ＨＴ及５－ＨＩＡＡ无显著相关性。作了２０例血清总ＩｇＥ、５－ＨＴ、５－ＨＩＡＡ治疗前后对比，ＩｇＥ及５－ＨＴ有明显显著性差别，５－Ｈ７ＡＡ差别无显著性     

改良ELISA和RAST两法检测青霉素特异IgE结果的比较

改良ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测青霉素特异性ＩｇＥ抗体比较简便，实用，且其阳性者的阴速度比ＲＡＳＴ法者为慢。     

Penizillinallergie als ein diagnostische Problem Eine Übersicht und eigene Untersuchungen

Background and Objective. Penicillin allergy is a common clinical problem. The distinction between penicillin and para-infectious exanthems is difficult. We investigated the reliability of the history, as well as the sensitivity and specificity of skin tests and specific IgE levels. Patients/Methods: 160 patients with a history of penicillin allergy were retrospectivly evaluated in the outpatient department of a dermatological clinic. Results: Nearly 50% were diagnosed as allergic to penicillin by detection of specific IgE or skin test. About 60% of the patients with immediate type reactions, and 72% with maculo-papular erythema showed positive reactions in skin tests. Significantly more patients were diagnosed as allergic to penicillin by intradermal testing than by prick testing (p<0,05). The sensitivity of the specific IgE RAST was 17,9%; the specifity, 89,5%. For the prick test the sensitivity was 8,2%; the spe-cifity 90,8%. For the intradermal test the sensitivity was 26%; the specifity 69,7%. Conclusions: We suggest a step by step procedure to detect penicillin allergy making the diagnostic results as valid as possible.     

Radioimmunologic determination of total IgE and allergen-specific IgE-antibodies in diffuse neurodermitis]

Total IgE levels in sera of 165 patients with atopic dermatitis and 79 patients with dermatoses as well as normal control patients were determined by radioimmunoassay (Phadebas, Pharmacia). Although the mean value for patients with atopic dermatitis was found far above the mean value for normal controls, 38% of patients showed total IgE serum levels within the normal range. Highest IgE serum levels were observed in patients with the generalized form of the disease and in patients with asthma and allergic rhinitis. No direct correlation however, to severity of disease could be found. In a series of 50 patients prick tests were compared to total IgE serum levels and to levels of allergen specific antibodies determined by radioallergosorbent-test (RAST). Extracts of grass pollens and of animal dandruff were used. There was complete agreement between results of skin testing and RAST in at least 80%. While cross reactions were common with grass pollen extracts in RAST, there was no cross-over with animal dandruff. No correlation was found between titer of allergen specific antibody and severity of skin lesions. IgE specific antibody could be detected in 48% of patients with normal total IgE serum levels and in 82% of patients with elevated values.     

Immunoglobulins Specific to Mosquito Salivary Gland Proteins in the Sera of Persons with Common or Hypersensitive Reactions to Mosquito Bites

Using the immunoblot technique, we analyzed the quality and quantity of IgG, IgG₄, and IgE specific to mosquito salivary gland (hereafter abbreviate as SG) components of Aedes albopictus in the sera of volunteers with common reactions and of 3 patients with severe reactions. In the volunteers with delayed reactions only or with both delayed and immediate reactions, IgG against SG components of A. albopictus formed several faint or moderately stained bands. Those with immediate reactions showed several intense bands and many other weak bands. In volunteers, who had been bitten by Aedes sp. frequently but had no skin reaction, and in severe cases, many intense IgG bands were observed. IgG₄ bound to SG components were found in the sera of the common reaction group at the levels of 24 and 48 kD, but, in one severe case, no bands were observed, although the total IgG was very high. IgE levels specific to SG components were much higher in severe cases than in the volunteers. These results indicate that high titers of specific IgG and IgE and lack of IgG₄ for particular components of SG may lead to severe allergic reactions in severe cases. Immunoblotting analysis of the antibodies also verified the possibility of developing in vitro tests to identify causative species of the mosquito for severe cases.     

Combination of patch test and IgE for dust mite antigens differentiates 130 patients with atopic dermatitis into four groups.

BACKGROUND: Patients with atopic dermatitis sometimes have positive responses to patch testing (PT) with dust mite antigens, which is believed to correlate with the elevated levels of specific IgE for those antigens. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to identify the correlation between the PT and serum IgE concerning the mite antigens. METHODS: We studied 130 patients with atopic dermatitis by the PT reaction and the serum level of specific IgE for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus antigens. RESULTS: Fifty-one of the 130 patients assessed as PT-positive had either high (32 of 130 patients; 24.6%) or low or no (19 of 130 patients; 14.6%) levels of mite-specific IgE; there was a significant difference between the groups with elevated and low IgE. Similarly, a total of 79 PT-negative patients also showed an elevated or low mite-specific IgE (42 of 130 patients [32.3%] or 37 of 130 patients [28.5%], respectively). It was noted that clinical morphologic findings were peculiar to three of the four groups; however, the patients who were PT-negative with a low IgE (37 of 130 patients) showed no particular clinical lesions. CONCLUSION: Comparing the results from our 130 patients, there was no correlation between the serum IgE level and the PT reaction for dust mite antigens. Conversely, the results of PT and mite-specific IgE could be used to divide these patients into four distinct groups, each with its own particular clinical morphology, suggesting the heterogeneity of this disease.     

Clinical patterns and results of radioallergosorbent test (RAST) and skin tests in penicillin allergy

Seventy-nine patients with acute or former reactions to penicillin were investigated by a benzyl-penicilloyl (BPO)-specific RAST and/or by skin tests with penicilloyl-polylysine (PPL), benzyl-penicillin and penicilloic acid and the results were correlated with the different clinical pictures. Positive RAST and skin test results could be found in patients with anaphylactic shock, urticaria and serum sickness-like reaction and sometimes in a special group of exanthems, which are characterized by the existence of many different lesions at the same time, therefore called ‘polymorphic exanthems’, and often observed after high-dosage penicillin therapy. In cases of scarlatiniform or morbilliform exanthems no positive results were found. The BPO-specific RAST showed an overall correlation of 95·1% with skin tests using PPL. However, some patients with positive skin tests to benzylpenicillin and penicilloic acid did not have detectable circulating IgE antibodies to BPO. This emphasizes the need for including these antigens in in vitro methods. The RAST was informative even at the time of the allergic reaction or in the first 15 days afterwards and seems to be very valuable for early diagnosis of penicillin allergy especially in cases when many drugs have been given.     

Cross-antigenicity between the scabies mite, Sarcoptes scabiei, and the house dust mite, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus.

This study demonstrated that antigens of the parasitic mite Sarcoptes scabiei (SS) cross-react with antigens of the house dust mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (DP). Crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) reaction of SS extract with rabbit anti-DP serum resulted in multiple immunoprecipitates. Reciprocal CIE reactions gave similar results. Immunoprecipitates from both reactions bound IgE in the sera of dust-mite-sensitive patients who had no history of scabies. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis resolved protein/peptide bands of both SS and DP also bound serum IgE from dust-mite-allergic patients following immunoblotting. Non-allergic control sera gave no IgE binding to either SS or DP antigens. These results indicate that patients with atopy to dust mites exhibit circulating antibodies built to DP but that recognize determinants on SS antigens. It is highly probable that scabietic patients build antibodies to SS antigens that also recognize DP antigens. These results raise questions concerning the reported isotypic antibody responses to SS because the sensitivity of scabietic patients to house dust mites has not been previously evaluated. This cross-reactivity may play an important role in the susceptibility to scabies and its clinical manifestations.     

Serum IgE autoantibodies target keratinocytes in patients with atopic dermatitis

Previous studies have shown that sera of patients with severe atopic dermatitis (AD) contain IgE specific for self-proteins, supporting the hypothesis of autoreactivity as a pathogenic factor in AD. In this study, we screened a large panel of AD patients (n=192) by western blotting (WB) for IgE reactivity not only against the human epithelial cell line A431 but also against primary keratinocytes (KCs). To investigate autoantigenic cell structures in detail, normal human skin and primary KCs were incubated with sera from both WB-reactive patients and, for control purposes, healthy individuals, and analyzed by immunohistology, confocal laser microscopy, and flow cytometry. Our analysis revealed that 28% of AD patients, but not healthy individuals, display serum IgE autoreactivity by WB analysis. The individual IgE reaction patterns of the sera pointed to the existence of unique as well as common specificities against epidermal or A431-derived proteins. Immunostainings identified cytoplasmic and, occasionally, also cell membrane-associated moieties as targets for autoreactive IgE antibodies. Interestingly, in certain autoreactive patients, the surface-staining pattern was accentuated at cellular contact sites. We conclude that IgE autoreactivity is common, particularly among severe AD patients, and that non-transformed primary cells are needed for characterization of the entire spectrum of IgE-defined autoantigens.     

IgE autoantibodies against the intracellular domain of BP180

Background  Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune subepidermal blistering disease characterized by autoantibodies against the hemidesmosomal proteins BP180 (type XVII collagen) and BP230. BP not only involves IgG-mediated neutrophil activation, leading to blistering, but also IgE-dependent activation of mast cells and basophils. While IgG and IgE autoantibodies target the extracellular noncollagenous (NC) 16A domain of BP180, little is known whether other BP180 regions are targeted by these antibody classes.
Objectives  To characterize IgE and IgG autoantibody binding to antigenic sites on the intracellular domain (ICD) of BP180 compared with BP180 NC16A.
Methods  IgE/IgG autoreactivity against recombinant BP180 ICD and NC16A was determined by immunoblotting of sera from 18 patients with BP and 10 controls.
Results  Total serum IgE was elevated in 16 of 18 BP sera. Most BP sera tested positive (15 of 18) to NC16A with both immunoglobulin classes. Additionally, 14 of 18 sera showed IgE reactivity with an epitope mapped to the ICD of BP180 (amino acid residues 103–266). Mapping of ICD antigenic sites revealed similar IgE and IgG reactivities for most regions except for greater IgE reactivity to amino acid residues 234–398 (11 of 18 BP sera) than IgG (five of 18). Control sera failed to display IgE reactivity to these antigens.
Conclusions  The results indicate that BP180 NC16A is not the only antigenic determinant of IgE autoantibodies in BP and that additional, novel epitopes exist on different regions of the ICD of BP180. The heterogeneous autoimmune response against BP180 suggests intramolecular epitope spreading during disease progression.     

Increased IgE-levels in bullous pemphigoid correlate to soluble low affinity Fc-II-receptor for IgE and soluble IL-2-receptor

Background Increased serum-IgE levels in patients with bullous pemphigoid (BP) are one of the well known immunological deviations in this autoimmune dermatosis. Aim and methods Since the mechanism that leads to an increase of IgE in BP is still unclear, we investigated serum-IgE levels and IgE regulating cytokines (soluble low affinity Fc II receptor for IgE, IL-4, IFN-g and soluble IL-2 receptor) in sera and blister fluids of 15 BP patients before and during treatment with immunosuppressants using an ELISA-technique. Results All 15 patients examined proved to have high IgE levels in blister fluids (> 100 KU/l) and 13 of the 15 patients had elevated serum-IgE levels. Soluble low affinity Fc II receptor for IgE (sCD23R) was also increased in sera (7.9 ± 2.4 pg/ml) and ten fold higher in blister fluids (76.7 ± 15.3 pg/ml). Investigation of cytokines interfering with IgE production showed significantly increased levels of the soluble IL-2 receptor in sera whereas the concentrations of IL-4 and IFN-g revealed no significant differences compared to controls. In blister fluids we detected all the cytokines investigated. During treatment with immunosuppressants the elevated concentrations of sCD23R and soluble IL-2 receptor were reduced to normal values. Conclusions The results show a direct correlation between IgE levels, sCD23R and soluble IL-2-receptor concentrations and suggest a connection between increased IgE levels and T-cell activation in BP.