北京地区肺癌患者血硒水平研究 II.肺癌患者血硒水平及影响因素分析

对北京地区１００例肺癌患者及１００例健康对照血清硒水平影响因素的研究表明：肺癌患得血清硒水平显著低于健康人群；肺癌患者血清硒水平与病变范围呈负相关、与吸烟指数呈负相关、与患者的营养状态呈正相关，病情加重时血清硒含量下降，病情缓解时血清硒含量回升。提示肺癌患者的低硒状态主要由肺癌本身引起，吸烟可以加重肺癌患者的低硒状态。     

肿瘤患者及健康人血清硒水平研究

对２０３例肿瘤患者和４０例健康对照组血清硒研究表明，肿瘤患者血清硒显著低于健康组（Ｐ＜０．０１～０．００１），而不同肿瘤患者之间无差异，肺癌患者不同分期之间也无统计学意义，结果认为低硒水平可能是肿瘤患者的固有特性。     

微量元素铜锌硒与肺癌的关系探讨

目的 :探讨血清微量元素水平与肺癌之间的关系。方法 :采用 1 80 - 80型原子吸收分光光度计及 UV- 2 1 0 0可见紫外分光光度计测定 31 0例肺癌患者及 48例健康对照者的血清铜、锌、硒水平。结果 :肺癌患者血清锌、硒水平显著低于对照组 ( P<0 .0 0 1 ) ,铜、铜 /锌比值组间无差异 ;但有肿瘤负荷组患者血清铜及铜 /锌比值则高于无肿瘤负荷组 ( P<0 .0 0 1 ) ,血清锌、硒则组间无差异。非条件 Logistic回归分析表明仅锌、硒进入方程 ,且为保护因素。结论 :低锌、低硒可能是肺癌发生的危险因素 ,而血清铜及铜 /锌比值高则可能是肺癌存在的结果。     

乳腺癌妇女血清硒和dl-α-生育酚水平

评价158例乳腺癌妇女和163例健康对照者的血清硒和d1-α-生育酚浓度。健康对照组血清硒浓度明显低于乳腺癌组。与文献比较，血清硒水平在安全范围内。另一方面，乳腺癌患者血清d1-α-生育酚浓度明显降低。乳腺癌组和健康对照组血清d1-α-生育酚的平均浓度均低于参考范围。低d1-α-生育酚状态可以考虑是癌症发生的高危险因素。     

血清硒与GSTM1基因多态性在肺癌发生中的交互作用

目的:探讨血清硒水平与GSTM1基因多态性在肺癌发生中的交互作用。方法:采用成组病例-对照研究方法,选择广州地区原发性肺癌患者58例,对照62例,用PCR检测GSTM1基因多态性,用氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法(GHAFS)测定血清硒。结果:病例组血清硒水平显著低于对照组(P=0.001),OR为4.44(95%CI1.64～12.01);GSTM1基因多态性与肺癌危险性关系无统计学意义(OR1.73,95%CI0.84～3.58);血清硒水平低与GSTM1缺失在肺癌发生中有正交互作用。归因交互效应为3.40,归因交互效应百分比为60.18%。结论:血清硒水平与肺癌发生负相关;GSTM1基因单独作用时与肺癌关系不明显,但血清硒水平低与GSTM1缺失之间存在协同作用,使肺癌发生的危险性显著增加。     

矽肺患者的血液流变学分析

目的了解矽肺患者的血液流变状况。方法检测62例男性矽肺患者及50例健康男性对照者血液流变学的全血黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞聚集指数、红细胞刚性指数、红细胞变形指数、红细胞压积等指标，并进行比较分析。结果矽肺患者与对照组相比，全血黏度（低切、中切、高切）、红细胞压积、红细胞刚性指数、血浆黏度、红细胞聚集指数均明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P0．05或P〈0．01）；矽肺患者红细胞变形指数明显低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。各期矽肺患者血液流变学各指标异常发生率在54．8％～85．0％之间，明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论矽肺患者的血液黏滞状况明显高于健康对照人群。     

人体口服补充多不饱和脂肪酸引起的硒和谷胱甘肽过…

给２５名健康成人每日补充２０ｍｌ鱼油，共１０周，测定补充前后血清和红细胞硒，红细胞和血小板谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ）活性及红细胞还原型谷胱甘肽（ＧＳＨ）含量。血清硒和红细胞硒降低，红细胞和血小板内ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ活性增强，红细胞ＧＳＨ的 浓度降低。对血浆脂质影响明显的只有甘油三酯。我们假定在摄入鱼油后，红细胞和血小板膜多不饱和脂肪酸（ＰＵＦＡｓ）富集，可使脂质过氧化物产量增多，并由此变构激活…     

大骨节病患者红细胞免疫及调节功能与红细胞硒水平的关系

对比检测了大骨节病患者、病区及非病区健康居民的红细胞免疫功能、免疫调节功能和红细胞硒水平及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性，结果表明：大骨节病患者的红细胞Ｃ３ｂＲ花环率与病区健康居民接近，但明显低于非病区居民，红细胞Ｃ３ｂＲ花环率与红细胞硒含量和ＧＰＸ活性呈显著平行相关；血清红细胞免疫粘附抑制率与病区健康居民接近，但明显高于非病区居民，血清红细胞免疫粘附抑制率与红细胞硒含量和ＧＰＸ活性呈显著负相关。研究结果说明：大骨节病患者及病区健康居民红细胞免疫及调节功能均有异常，这种异常状态与低硒有关。     

肺癌患者血清硒含量的研究

测定了 35例肺癌患者 (男 2 1女 1 4)以及正常对照组 (男 1 5女 1 1 )血清中硒含量 ,结果表明 :肺癌者血清硒含量 ( 80 .0 4± 1 7.2 2 μg/ L)明显低于正常对照组 ( 1 0 2 .2 4± 1 6.49μg/ L) ,肺癌患者与正常对照组血清硒含量差异有显著性     

肿瘤患者红细胞免疫功能的临床研究

目的：研究恶性肿瘤患者红细胞免疫功能的变化。方法：采用受体黏附法检测30例肺癌患者，28例乳腺癌患者，35例胃癌患者的肿瘤红细胞花环（ATER）、红细胞免疫复合物花环（RBC—ICR）、红细胞C3b受体花环（RBC—C3bR），并与体检健康者进行对照。结果：恶性肿瘤患者红细胞免疫功能均低于正常对照组（P〈0．01），3种肿瘤患者间的RBC—C3bR、RBC—ICR、ATER彼此对照，无明显差异（P〉0．05）。结论：恶性肿瘤患者红细胞免疫功能低下。     

Utilizing selenious acid to reverse selenium deficiency in total parenteral nutrition patients

The ability of selenious acid to reverse selenium deficiency in eight adult home TPN patients was assessed. Initially, deficiency was documented by comparing both plasma selenium levels in patients (means = 0.035 micrograms/g) to those of 10 controls (means = 0.117 micrograms/g) (p less than 0.001) and by comparing erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) activity, as mumol NADPH oxidized/g Hb/min, in patients (means = 8.93) to controls (means = 31.76) (p less than 0.002). Subsequently, patients added 100 micrograms/day of selenious acid to their total parenteral nutrition solutions. Postsupplementation selenium status demonstrated a mean plasma level of 0.101 micrograms/g and a mean erythrocyte GSHPx activity of 17.56. Statistically, patients' plasma selenium levels were significantly different (p less than 0.001) when compared to pretreatment levels. Additionally, there was no significant difference between the restored levels and the levels of the controls. Postsupplementation erythrocyte GSHPx activity (means = 17.56) was not significantly different from the initial patient values, although activity did double. Additionally, there existed a significant difference between the postsupplementation enzyme activity and the controls (p less than 0.03). We conclude that selenious acid is able to normalize deficient plasma levels but not deficient erythrocyte GSHPx activity.     

Selenium status of seven chronic intravenous hyperalimentation patients

Selenium status was determined on seven patients receiving long-term intravenous hyperalimentation (IVH) and they were followed monthly for 4 to 17 months. Analysis of the IVH solutions for selenium revealed no detectable amounts. The selenium indices measures were (1) erythrocyte selenium levels, (2) erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activities (GSH-Px), and (3) plasma selenium levels. In general, the IVH population had significantly lower values (p less than 0.001) for these selenium indices than a healthy population (n = 275). The plasma selenium levels decreased to below the normal range within one to two months after initiation of IVH. The below normal ranges varied by patient: three patients by three months, one patient by nine months, and three patients had low and normal values throughout the study. No consistent correlation of individual patient's erythrocyte GSH-Px activities and erythrocyte selenium levels existed, but a positive correlation (r = 0.51, p less than 0.01) occurred between plasma selenium levels and erythrocyte GSH-Px activities. Thus, erythrocyte GSH-Px activities decrease parallel to decreases in plasma selenium levels but not with changes in erythrocyte selenium levels. These data suggest that some of these IVH patients may be at risk for selenium deficiency and that selenium supplementation of IVH solutions may be required. Furthermore, these data suggest that the measurement of erythrocyte GSH-Px activity or selenium levels in some IVH patients may not be related to available body selenium.     

肺癌患者血清维生素A及β-胡萝卜素水平与免疫功能关系的研究

测定了三组58人(肺癌22,肺部常见病14,健康人22)的血清VA、β-胡萝卜素、IgA、IgG、IgM三种免疫球蛋白和T-淋巴细胞转化率。结果发现,肺癌患者(除5例腺癌)的血清VA含量明显低于健康组和肺部常见病组。三组对象的β-胡萝卜素平均含量在正常值范围,若以三组平均值为界限,肺癌和肺部常见病者低于平均值的比例高于健康组。各组间血清IgG无差别,肺癌组和肺部常见病组的IgA明显高于健康组,肺癌组IgM和T-淋巴细胞转化率明显低于健康组。血清VA类与Ig的相关分析表明,健康人血清VA水平与血清IgM呈负相关,肺癌组血清VA与血清IgG呈正相关。     

Serum antioxidant levels and nutritional status in early and advanced stage lung cancer patients

ObjectiveMalnutrition frequently occurs in lung cancer patients. We aimed to determine nutritional status and antioxidant and mineral levels in Thai patients with lung cancer.MethodsA prospective study with matched case-control was conducted. Nutritional status was assessed by body mass index (BMI) and subjective global assessment (SGA). Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status was used to assess the performance. The serum antioxidant and mineral levels were determined.ResultsForty-nine patients with a mean age of 58.8 (range, 35-82) who were first diagnosed with lung cancer were enrolled. They were compared with 60 healthy controls, and levels of retinol, α-tocopherol, β-carotene, lycopene, β-cryptoxanthin, selenium, and zinc were lower (P < 0.05). However, peroxidase activity was higher (P = 0.002) in patients. Selenium levels were higher in early stage compared to advanced stage patients (P = 0.041). Overweight patients had higher selenium levels (0.04 mg/L) than normal BMI patients (β = 0.04, P = 0.035). Patients with SGA class C had lower selenium levels (0.03 mg/L) than those with class A (β = ?0.03, P = 0.035). The poorer ECOG performance patients had significantly lower β-carotene (β = ?0.192, P = 0.003) and selenium (β = ?0.031, P = 0.011) levels compared with those with good ECOG performance status.ConclusionsSignificantly lower levels of antioxidants and selenium were found in lung cancer patients compared to healthy controls. Levels of some antioxidants and minerals differed among categories of BMI, SGA categories, or ECOG performance status. These findings may be helpful for further studies, such as the effect of nutritional supplementation on clinical outcomes.     

Selenium and thyroid cancer: a systematic review

Abstract

The aim of the study was to investigate the association between blood and tissue levels of selenium and thyroid cancer through a systematic review. We searched for observational studies written in English, Spanish, and Portuguese indexed in PubMed, LILACS, and Scielo without date restriction, that evaluated the association between selenium levels in whole-blood, serum, or plasma and/or thyroid tissue and thyroid cancer, both in individuals with cancer of thyroid as in healthy individuals. Then data were extracted and analyzed. Of the 570 articles identified, five cross-sectional studies were included in the review. In one study, lower concentrations of selenium were found in whole-blood (0.543?μg/ml) and in the thyroid (0.88?μg/g) of thyroid cancer patients compared to controls. Another study showed a decrease in serum selenium concentrations in patients with follicular carcinoma and papillary types (0.077?±?0.021?μg/ml and 0.080?±?0.020?μg/ml, respectively). On the other hand, other studies showed no difference in plasma selenium content or glutathione peroxidase activity among patients and healthy volunteers. The available evidence on this issue is inconclusive. Additional studies are needed to elucidate the association between serum and/or tissue levels of selenium and the development of thyroid cancer.     

The risk of developing lung cancer associated with antioxidants in the blood: ascorbic acids, carotenoids, alpha-tocopherol, selenium, and total peroxyl radical absorbing capacity

Lung cancer cases diagnosed during the period 1975 through 1993 and matched controls were identified in the rosters of Washington County, Maryland residents who had donated blood for a serum bank in 1974 or 1989. Plasma from participants in the 1989 project was assayed for ascorbic acid; serum or plasma was assayed for participants in either project for alpha- and beta-carotene, cryptoxanthin, lutein/zeaxanthin, lycopene, alpha-tocopherol, selenium, and peroxyl radical absorption capacity. Among the total group of 258 cases and 515 controls, serum/plasma concentrations were significantly lower among cases than controls for cryptoxanthin, beta-carotene, and lutein/zeaxanthin with case-control differences of -25.5, -17.1, and -10.1%, respectively. Modest nonsignificant case-control differences in a protective direction were noted for alpha-carotene and ascorbic acid. There were only trivial differences for lycopene, alpha-tocopherol, selenium, and peroxyl radical absorption capacity. Findings are reported for males and females and for persons who had never smoked cigarettes, former smokers, and current smokers at baseline. These results and those from previous studies suggest that beta-carotene is a marker for some protective factor(s) against lung cancer; that cryptoxanthin, alpha-carotene, and ascorbic acid need to be investigated further as potentially protective factors or associates of a protective factor; and that lycopene, alpha-tocopherol, selenium, and peroxyl radical absorption capacity are unlikely to be associated with lung cancer risk. Until specific preventive factors are identified, the best protection against lung cancer is still the avoidance of airborne carcinogens, especially tobacco smoke; second best is the consumption of a diet rich in fruits and vegetables.     

细胞色素P450基因多态及血清硒与肺癌的关系

目的 探讨细胞色素P450(A)(CYP1A1)的MSPI基因多态性、血清硒水平单独作用以及联合作用与肺癌发生危险性的关系。方法 采用成组病例一对照研究方法，病例58例，对照62例。用PCR-RFLP技术测定CYP1A1的MsPI多态性。用双道原子荧光光度计(GHAFS)测定血清硒水平。结果 CYP1A1的MsPI基因多态性单独作用时与肺癌危险性关系无显著性差异；病例组血清硒水平显著低于对照组(P=0．001)：以血清硒水平大于等于0．109mg／L。携带CYP1A1野生型者为参照组，则血清硒水平低于0．109mg／L且携带CYPlAl突变型或杂合型或携带野生型者OR分别为9．00(P=0．006)，3．94(P=0．195)，5．40(P=0．036)，而血清硒水平大于等于0．109mg／L携带突变型或携带杂合型者OR分别为1．69(P=0．500)，1．13(P=0．705)。结论 CYP1A1基因多态性单独作用时与肺癌发生无显著相关，血清硒水平与肺癌发生呈负相关；CYP1A1基因多态性与血清硒水平联合作用时明显提高肺癌发生的危险性，在肺癌发生中存在协同作用。     

Poor zinc and selenium status in phenylketonuric children and adolescents in Brazil

Because of the restricted intake of high-biologic-value protein, children with phenylketonuria (PKU) may have lower than normal plasma concentrations of copper, zinc, and selenium. The purpose of the present study was to investigate erythrocyte zinc levels and serum copper and selenium levels in children and adolescents with PKU by analyzing the relation between their diet and the laboratory profiles of these elements. The study was conducted in 32 children and adolescents with PKU, who were on a special diet. Dietary records and blood samples were collected from each subject. Erythrocyte zinc and serum selenium levels were below normal in 37.5% and 90.6% of the subjects, respectively. Plasma copper levels were normal. Metabolic formulas were the only source of 86.9% of the zinc, 65.6% of the copper, and 32.4% of the selenium. Despite this, there was no significant correlation between the zinc formula supply and erythrocyte zinc levels (ρ = −0.143, P = .435) or the supply and serum levels for copper (ρ = −0.117, P = .523) and selenium (ρ = 0.113, P = .538). These results suggest that Brazilian patients with PKU present with low ingestion levels, low serum selenium levels, and low erythrocyte zinc levels.