硒和维生素E对饲予克山病病区粮大鼠肝脏自由基代谢的影响

饲予克山病病区粮对大鼠肝脏自由基代谢的影响及补充硒和维生素E的预防作用研究结果显示:病区粮组动物肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性明显下降,脂质过氧化物含量和自由基水平显著升高。在病区粮饲料中分别加入100ppmDL-α-生育酚和0.22ppm亚硒酸钠,均可明显降低脂质过氧化物含量和自由基水平。病区粮组动物肝脏α-生育酚和还原型谷胱甘肽含量均明显增加,提示硒缺乏可增加其对维生素E的需要量和使还原型谷胱甘肽生成增多。结果表明,克山病病区粮食中的致病因素能引起动物肝脏自由基代谢的紊乱,硒和维生素E对其都有很好的预防作用,提示维生素E的相对不足也有可能在克山病发病机制中起重要作用。     

豆油对饲克山病病区粮大鼠抗氧化能力的影响

以非病区粮对照、克山病病区粮及其添加豆油（６０ｇ豆油／ｋｇ饲料）饲料喂养大鼠７０ｄ，测定各组织中维生素Ｅ及血浆中脂质过氧化物含量。结果显示：无论是病区粮饲料组，还是非病区粮饲料组，在饲料中添加豆油后，动物血浆中α－生育酚（α－Ｔｏｃｏｐｈｅｒｏｌ）含量均增加，而心肌线粒体中α－Ｔｏｃｏｐｈｅｒｏｌ含量则下降，肝线粒体中α－Ｔｏｃｏｐｈｅｒｏｌ和γ－Ｔｏｃｏｐｈｅｒｏｌ含量均下降，红细胞膜中α－Ｔｏｃｏｐｈｅｒｏｌ含量亦有降低趋势。另外，饲料中长期添加豆油，可使大鼠血浆中脂质过氧化物含量显著增加。说明，随着多不饱和脂肪酸（ＰＵＦＡｓ）摄入量的增加，膜系统α－Ｔｏｃｏｐｈｅｒｏｌ的消耗量亦增加，ＰＵＦＡｓ长期负荷，可使饲克山病病区粮（低硒低维生素Ｅ）饲料动物体内的抗氧化能力下降。     

维生素E和硒对大鼠心肌线粒体的保护作用：克山病病因及发病机制探讨

The protective effects of vitamin E (VE) and selenium (Se) on myocardial mitochondria were investigated in rats fed grains (with 0.006 ppm Se) from an endemic area of Keshan disease. The results indicated that supplementing the endemic grains with VE or Se (in 150 ppm and 0.1 ppm respectively) elevated, in different degrees, the depressed activities of four myocardial mitochondrial complexes of electron transport, of which the activity of complex II was increased significantly (P less than 0.05). In addition, the activity of Mn- superoxide dismutase was increased and the content of lipid peroxides was decreased in the myocardial mitochondria of rats of both groups with the supplements. The study shows that VE and Se protect the myocardial mitochondria from damage induced by lipid peroxidation in the rats fed grains from Keshan disease endemic areas.     

膳食中维生素E对克山病区粮饲养的大鼠硒代谢的影响

用除去维生素E的克山病病区粮配成的基础饲料,利用在该低硒低维生素E的基础饲料中补充α-生育酚和/或硒的饲料饲养大鼠,观察维生素E对硒代谢的影响。结果表明: (1)饲料硒水平相同时,维生素E可使肝组织中硒水平明显升高,对其它组织影响不大。 (2)不论硒缺乏时或是补充硒时,维生素E缺乏组动物的全血、心和肝谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力均低于补充维生素E组。心和肝中的差异较为明显。 (3)当相应两组大鼠的硒摄入量无明显差别时,不论是补硒组或是缺硒组,在饲料中补充维生素E均可使尿硒排出明显降低,硒在体内存留率增高。     

南方克山病病区儿童血浆和红细胞膜中维生素E水平的测定

南方克山病病区儿童血浆和红细胞膜中维生素Ｅ水平的测定刘忠英，李体远，刘健，姜熙罗，安汝国（长春白求恩医科大学，长春１３００２１）ＶｉｔａｍｉｎＥＬｅｖｅｌｏｆＰｌａｓｍａＡｎｄＥｒｙｔｈｒｏｃｙｔｅＭｅｍｂｒａｎｅｏｆＴｈｅＣｈｉｌｄｒｅｎｆｒｏｍＳ...     

补硒对克山病病区粮饲养大鼠心肌线粒体单胺氧化酶活性的影响

90只断乳两周的Spragul-Dawley纯种大鼠,随机分为低硒、补硒及常备饲料三组,分别饲以克山病病区低硒粮(含Se 0.009ppm)、克山病病区低硒粮补亚硒酸钠(含Se 0.232ppm)及常备饲料(含Se 0.169ppm),观察硒对心肌线粒体单胺氧化酶活性(MAO)的影响,结果表明:与补硒和常备饲料组相比,低硒组心肌线粒体MAO活性明显下降。饲喂30,60,90天血浆硒含量和红细胞GSH-Px活性显著下降,补硒组心肌线粒体MAO和红细胞GSH-Px活性接近常备饲料组水平。     

硒、维生素E缺乏对大鼠白三烯水平的影响

用低硒（Ｓｅ）、低维生素Ｅ（ＶＥ）的克山病病区粮喂养大鼠１１周，血浆和心肌白三烯（ＬＴＣ４）水平上升，心肌自由基净含量增加，血清和心肌脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）浓度增高，而全血和心肌谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）活力下降；补Ｓｅ、ＶＥ或Ｓｅ＋ＶＥ可明显降低大鼠ＬＴＣ４水平及自由基和ＬＰＯ浓度，除补ＶＥ组外均可提高ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活力。提示：食物中Ｓｅ与ＶＥ不足影响花生四烯酸代谢中脂氧合酶的活力及Ｓｅ与ＶＥ不足生成的过量自由基和ＬＰＯ促进ＬＴＣ４合成，可能参与克山病缺血缺氧性心肌损害的发生发展过程．     

克山病病区粮对甲状腺激素代谢及过氧化脂质的影响

用低晒的克山病病区粮喂养大鼠并补充不同剂量的硒，观察了硒对心肌甲状腺激素（ＴＨ）代谢调节作用的影响。结果表明，低晒饲料组血清和心肌谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ）活性；心肌Ｔ４５’－脱单碘酶活性；心肌线粒体α－磷酸甘油脱氢酶（α－ＧＰｕ）活性均明显低于富硒的非病区和常备饲料组。血及心肌脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）含量则相反。在单纯补硒后上述指标均有明显改善。表明晒在心肌甲状腺激素代谢调节作用中起着重要作用。     

硒与维生素E的协同作用

广州抽水蓄能电站是我国目前最大的抽水蓄能电站。作为运行管理单位，自１９９４年底峻工投产以来，电厂深化了管理改革，并取得了初步成效。目前全厂员工９１人，中控室实行每班１人的值班方式，电站各项运行指标优于一些法国同类电厂的同期指标。     

克山病病区粮及硒补充对小鼠免疫功能的影响

用克山病病区粮和在病区粮中补加不同水平硒的饲料喂养C_(57)BL/6J断乳小鼠7周,病区粮组小鼠脾脏免疫特异玫瑰花形成细胞(RFC)数、溶血空斑形成细胞(PFC)数、脾脏淋巴细胞介导的体外绵羊红细胞溶血反应(QHS)均明显低于非病区粮组,病区粮补硒各组小鼠的上述免疫反应虽有增强,但未达到非病区粮对照组水平。提示补硒只能部分改善病区粮致病因素对免疫功能的抑制作用。     

克山病区和非病区居民蛋白质营养状况与抗氧化能力的对比调查

１９９５年从克山病区和非病区居民蛋白质营养调查中发现病区居民除血硒含量显著低于非病区居民外，血浆中胱氨酸、色氨酸和赖氨酸均显著低于非病区居民，而血浆脂质过氧化物含量则显著高于非病区居民。此结果提示克山病病区居民硒缺乏以及含硫氨基酸和色氨酸摄入不足，导致机体抗氧化能力下降，可能是引起克山病发病的一个重要因素。文中还着重讨论了含硫氨基酸在机体内抗氧化作用机理。     

1960-2001年山东省克山病流行病学研究

目的调查研究克山病的有关资料,弄清山东省克山病的发病情况.方法设计克山病有关资料的调查表,由专业人员查阅克山病的有关资料填写,工作结束后进行表格汇总、统计与分析.结果山东省克山病的多发在1969-1979年的10年间.多发人群在2～18岁的年龄组中,最多集中在5～10岁的年龄组中.发病女性多于男性.急型克山病在1个月内死亡率为88.1%.亚急型克山病在1年内死亡率为68.2%,5年内死亡率为78.3%.慢型克山病1年内的死亡率为17.5%,5年内死亡率为73.7%.潜在型克山病1年内的死亡率为0.7%,5年内死亡率为1.7%.克山病的死亡形式在急型百分之百为病死,在亚急型和潜在型分猝死和病死两种形式,在慢型分猝死、病死和心外死亡3种形式.各型克山病在心电图上的ST-T改变、窦性心动过速、室性早搏、左室大劳损和完全右束支传导阻滞的检出率分别为13.2%～40.2%;10.1%～30.4%;4.6%～17.2%;2.0%～10.1%;2.0%～9.2%.结论应加强对克山病的流行病学监制和防治,提高流行地区人群的健康.     

克山病病人脂蛋白(a)水平探讨

目的探讨脂蛋白（a）[Lp（a）]水平与克山病的关系。方法采用酶联免疫分析技术检测22例克山病病人、20例心电图异常者、18例病区正常人和20例非病区正常人,用t检验比较四组不同Lp（a）浓度水平的关系。结果克山病病人、心电图异常者、病区正常人、非病区正常人比较,组与组无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论克山病与Lp（a）水平无相关性。     

Dynamics of Serum Retinol and Alpha-Tocopherol Levels According to Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Status

The available data on the association between micronutrients in the blood and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are limited. To investigate the clinical implications of this relationship, we sought to identify the difference in the serum levels of vitamins A and E according to NAFLD status using data from the seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. In this cross-sectional study of the Korean population, NAFLD and its severity were defined using prediction models. Differences in the prevalence and severity of NAFLD were analyzed according to serum retinol (vitamin A) and alpha (α)-tocopherol (vitamin E) levels. Serum levels of retinol and α-tocopherol were positively correlated with the prevalence of NAFLD. In most prediction models of the NAFLD subjects, serum retinol deficiency was significantly correlated with advanced fibrosis, while serum α-tocopherol levels did not differ between individuals with or without advanced fibrosis. Similar trends were also noted with cholesterol-adjusted levels of α-tocopherol. In summary, while circulating concentrations of retinol and α-tocopherol were positively associated with the presence of NAFLD, advanced liver fibrosis was only correlated with serum retinol levels. Our findings could provide insight into NAFLD patient care at a micronutrient level.     

Effect of Dietary or Supplemental Vitamin C Intake on Vitamin C Levels in Patients with and without Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review

Atherosclerosis is a pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory disease state, which is the underlying cause of most cardiovascular events, estimated to affect 5.2% of the Australian population. Diet, and specifically vitamin C, through its antioxidant properties can play a role in impeding the development and progression of atherosclerosis. This systematic review conducted comprehensive searches in Medline, Emcare, Scopus, PubMed, and Cochrane using key search terms for vitamin C, plasma vitamin C, supplementation, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The results demonstrated that vitamin C supplementation resulted in a significant increase in vitamin C levels in populations with or without CVD, except for one study on the CVD population. It was also seen that the healthy population baseline and post-intervention vitamin C levels were high compared to the CVD population. However, further research is indicated for CVD population groups with varying baseline vitamin C levels, such as low baseline vitamin C, within a more representative elderly cohort in order to formulate and update vitamin C repletion guidelines.     

经口摄入高硒高镉对大鼠血液和组织中硒含量影响的研究

选用4周龄SD大鼠,经口染毒高硒(5.68mm/kg)、富硒(0.73mm/kg)和(或)高镉(33.3mg/kg)12周,并分别在实验的第3、6、9、12周末各处死一批大鼠,研究经日摄入高硒高镉对大鼠血液和心、肝、肾、肺、脑、脾等组织中硒含量的影响。结果表明:与单独的高硒组相比,同时摄入高硒高镉组大鼠血液和组织中硒含量显著降低,肝、肾尤为明显,降低了硒在大鼠体内的蓄积。提示在高硒高镉地区,镉对地方性硒中毒的发生、发展可能产生有益影响。     

Alcoholic Liver Disease Is Associated with Elevated Plasma Levels of Novel Advanced Glycation End-Products: A Preliminary Study

Elucidating the biochemical mechanisms associated with the progression of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) to more advanced stages such as alcoholic hepatitis (AH) remains an important clinical and scientific challenge. Several hypotheses point to the involvement of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in alcohol-associated liver injuries. Recently, we determined the structure of a synthetic, melibiose-derived AGE (MAGE), which was an analog of the novel AGE subgroup AGE10. The primary objective of our study was to determine whether AGE10 was associated with alcoholic hepatitis. The secondary objective was to provide a diagnostic accuracy of AGE10 in AH. To achieve this objective, we examined the plasma levels of AGE10 in 65 healthy individuals and 65 patients with AH. The AGE10 level was measured using a competitive ELISA. Our study confirmed that patients with AH had significantly higher plasma concentrations of AGE10 compared with healthy controls (184.5 ± 71.1 μg/mL and 123.5 ± 44.9 μg/mL, respectively; p < 0.001). In addition, AGE10 showed an acceptable performance as a diagnostic marker of AH, with an AUC of 0.78. In conclusion, AH was associated with elevated levels of novel advanced glycation end-product AGE10.     

抗氧化剂对大鼠肝星形细胞增殖和凋亡影响的实验研究

目的　了解膳食维生素E和硒对大鼠肝纤维化恢复期肝星形细胞 (HSC)增殖和凋亡的影响。方法　采用腹腔内注射 5 0 %CCl4 制备大鼠肝纤维化模型 ,在饲料中添加适量维生素E(2 5 0mg kg饲料 )和Se(0 . 2mg kg饲料 )进行营养干预 ,在最后一次注射后 3、7、14、2 8天 (恢复期 )各处死 3只大鼠取其肝组织 ,用HE和Siriusred染色结合图象分析检测肝纤维化指标 ,用α SMA免疫组化方法检测激活的HSC细胞 ,用原位凋亡 (TUNEL)技术和α SMA免疫组化双标染色检测HSC凋亡。结果　在恢复期各时间点 ,病理对照组和抗氧化干预组激活的HSC数量呈逐步下降趋势 ,同时 ,从恢复期第 7d开始 ,HSC凋亡细胞数以及肝组织内的胶原量亦同步下降 ;在同一时间点 ,干预组激活的HSC数量低于病理对照组 ,而HSC凋亡数和凋亡率均高于病理对照组。结论　饲料中添加适量维生素E和硒能减轻肝纤维化的程度 ,并可能使恢复期HSC凋亡增加 ,激活HSC数量减少。     

罗格列酮联合维生素E治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病的临床研究

目的：探讨罗格列酮联合维生素E治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）的临床疗效。方法：将本院进行饮食控制和适当锻炼的90例NAFLD患者随机分为三组,每组30例,分别应用罗格列酮、维生素E、罗格列酮联合维生素E三种方法治疗,疗程为6个月。比较治疗前后各组肝功能指标（ALT、AST、GGT）、血脂水平（TG）、NAFLD超声形态学的改善情况。结果：治疗后三组肝功能、血脂较治疗前均有所改善（P〈0.05）,其中肝功能（ALT、AST、GGT）改善尤为明显（P〈0.01）。治疗后三组肝功能、血脂比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,联合组治疗后肝功能（ALT、AST、GGT）改善优于维生素E组及罗格列酮组（P〈0.01）,TG改善亦优于其他两组（P〈0.05）。维生素E组、罗格列酮组、联合组有效率分别为53.33%,66.67%,90.00%;联合组与罗格列酮组、维生素E组比较,差异均有统计学意义（字2=4.812,P〈0.05;字2=9.932,P〈0.01）。结论：罗格列酮和维生素E联合治疗NAFLD安全有效,且联合治疗的效果要优于单药治疗。