ⅢA期非小细胞肺癌立体定向同期放、化疗与手术后化疗的疗效分析

目的探讨ⅢA期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）立体定向同期放、化疗与手术后化疗生存期的差异。方法98例ⅢA期NSCLC患者随机分为两组,同期放、化疗组（A组）42例应用立体定向全身伽玛刀放疗同期紫杉醇联合卡铂方案化疗,手术后化疗组（B组）56例进行手术治疗,术后3—4周开始紫杉醇联合卡铂方案化疗。结果A组1、2、3年的生存率分别为76．19％、45．24％、23．81％,中位生存期23．4月;B组1、2、3年的生存率分别为82．14％、51．79％、37．50％,中位生存期29．5月。两组比较B组生存率优于A组,但1、2年生存率差异无统计学意义,3年生存率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。B组较A组中位生存期延长6月,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论与立体定向同期放、化疗比较,对ⅢA期NSCLC患者进行手术治疗及术后化疗可延长生存期。     

立体定向放射治疗肝癌的临床应用

目的：探讨立体定向放射治疗（X线刀）肝癌的适应症，禁忌症和近期疗效。方法：采用深圳奥沃（OUR）公司生产的体部X线刀治疗计划系统和立体定位框架，结合英国菲利蒲公司SL－75直线加速器对30例肝癌患者进行了立体定向放射治疗。30例肝癌中，原发性肝癌18例，40个病灶，转移性肝癌12例，23个病灶。60％－80％的剂量曲线包绕病灶边缘，肿瘤中心剂量为8－10Gy/次（肿瘤直径小于3cm的10Gy/次，大于3cm的8Gy/次），隔日1次，共4－6次。结果：30例患者共63个病灶，X线刀治疗后1，3，6，12个月复查有效率（病灶消失和病灶缩小）分别为25．4％（16／63），44．5％（28／63），30．1％（24．63）和28．6%(18／63），病灶无变化比率分别为：39.7％（25／63），23.8％（15／63），17.5%(11/63)和7.9%(5/63)。3个月时二缩小最明显，6个月以后出现病灶再增大，6，12个月复查病灶增大比率分别为12．7％（8／63）和28．6％（18．63）。1例患者治疗后病灶明显缩小又行第二次和第三次X线刀治疗。现已带瘤存活1年以上。全部病例中位生存期12．4个月，1年生存率43％（13．30），结论：立体定向放射治疗中晚期肝癌临床有较好的效果，副作用小，可作为肝癌姑息治疗的有效选择之一。     

肝动脉化疗栓塞联合伽玛刀治疗中晚期肝癌的疗效分析

目的 分析经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞（TACE）联合体部伽玛刀治疗中晚期肝癌的疗效。方法中晚期肝癌患者72例随机分为治疗组36例和对照组36例,分别采用TACE联合伽玛刀以及常规TACE的方法治疗。结果术肝1个月复查CT,治疗组肿瘤缩小患者有31例,占86．1％;对照组有24例,占66．7％。复查甲胎蛋白（AFP）,治疗组AFP值下降大于50％有21例,占58．3％;对照组AFP值下降大于50％有9例,占25％。1年生存率治疗组为80．5％,对照组为58．3％。治疗组有效率较对照组高,两组差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论TACE联合伽玛刀治疗中晚期肝癌疗效优于单独的TACE治疗方法。     

肝动脉化疗栓塞术联合拉米夫定抗病毒治疗在肝癌治疗中的应用

目的探讨TACE联合拉米夫定抗病毒治疗在肝癌治疗中的作用。方法将2009年12月2010年12月我院接受TACE治疗的病人分为A组24例,B组TACE＋拉米夫定抗病毒治疗24例,术前给拉米夫定100mg,1次／日口服。结果A组治疗过程中出现肝炎活动50％（12／24）,中度肝炎活动为20．8％（5／24）,重度肝炎活动29%（7／24）;B组发生肝炎活动25％（6／24）,轻度肝炎8％（2／24）,中度肝炎活动为16．7％（4／24）;病毒再激活：A组45．8％（11／24）,B组：无。1年生存率：A组62．5％（15／24）,B组79．2%（19／24）,两组相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论肝动脉化疗栓塞术联合拉米夫定抗病毒治疗在肝癌治疗中起积极作用。     

122例肝癌合并门癌栓的综合治疗与单纯TACE治疗效果比较

目的：研究肝癌合并门脉癌栓综合治疗的效果。方法：122例肝癌分为2组：A组（72例）行肝动脉化疗栓塞（TACE）；B组（50例）行TACE结合外放射治疗。结果：A组1，2，年生存率分别为22．3％，4．5％，平均生存期7．5个月；B组1，2，3年生存率分别为39．2％，21．2％，13．5％，平均生存期17．5个月，P＜0．05。结论：对合并门脉癌栓的肝癌综合治疗能明显提高治疗效果。     

X线立体定向放射治疗前列腺癌的临床应用

目的 探讨X线立体定向放射治疗（X线刀）前列腺癌的适应证、禁忌证和近期疗效。方法 采用X线刀对16例前列腺癌患者进行了立体定向放射治疗。肿瘤中心刘量为6～8Gy／次,肿瘤边缘剂量在80％～90％的剂量曲线范围内,隔日1次,共5～7次。结果 16例患者经X线刀治疗后3、6、12个月复查有效率分别为75％（12／16）、100％（16／16）和93．75％（15／16）;6个月时病灶缩小最明显,12个月以后出现1例病灶再增大。中位生存期51．4个月,1、3、5年生存率分别为100％（16／16）、87．5％（14／16）、75．0％（12／16）。结论 立体定向放射治疗中晚期前列腺癌有较好的效果,不良反应小,可作为前列腺癌姑息治疗的有效选择之一。     

41例非小细胞肺癌脑转移生存分析

目的：比较不同治疗方法在非小细胞肺癌脑转移中的疗效。方法：回顾分析41例非小细胞肺癌脑转移患者．14例接受全脑放疗（WBRT）．10例接受立体定向放射治疗（SRT），11例接受全脑放疗或立体定向放疗后行全身化疗（RT＋CT）．6例仅接受对症支持治疗，全部病例定期随访直至死亡。结果：总的1年生存率为36．6％，中位生存期是8个月。WBRT组1年生存率35．7％．中位生存期10个月；SRT组1年生存率40％．中位生存期12个月：RT＋CT组1年生存率54．5％．中位生存期17个月；单纯对症支持治疗组1年生存率为0％．中位生存期1．7个月。结论：对于一般情况较好的患者，选择脑部放疗加全身化疗可能比单纯脑部放疗有更长的生存期。     

难以根治性切除大肝癌经皮肝动脉化疗栓塞术后二期切除的疗效分析

 【目的】探讨难以根治性切除的大肝癌经皮肝动脉化疗栓塞术（TACE）治疗后手术切除的意义及疗效。【方法】分析143例难以根治性切除的大肝癌临床病理资料，其中68例经TACE治疗后二期切除（A组），75例未行术前TACE单纯切除（B组）。观察TACE前后肿瘤变化情况，比较两组患者的术后情况、癌残留率，以及两组病人的术后生存率及无瘤生存率。【结果】①A组经TACE后肿瘤有不同程度的缩小，且肿瘤坏死增多，周围子灶的检出率增加22．1％；肿瘤与周围脏器的粘连增加，而肿瘤包膜形成增多、癌残留率显著降低（P〈0．05）；②A组的术中出血量和肝门阻断时间均较B组有不同程度增加，但差异无统计学意义．两组术后严重并发症比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；③A组患者1、3、5年生存率和无瘤生存率为88．2％、53．0％、36．1％和65．7％、37．7％、30．4％；B组分别为68．8％、36．9％、25．1％和46．2％、24．4％、9．7％，两组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。【结论】术前TACE使难根治性切除大肝癌肿瘤缩小、包膜形成和癌残留减少，有效地提高大肝癌根治性切除率，延长实际生存期。     

斑蝥酸钠维生素B6注射液联合化疗治疗肝癌临床分析

目的：分析斑蝥酸钠维生素 B6注射液联合导管肝动脉化疗栓塞（TACE）治疗原发性肝癌（PHC）的临床效果。方方法：将50例 PHC 患者列为对照组（25例）与观察组（25例）,对照组接受 TACE 治疗,观察组率先接受斑蝥酸钠维生素 B6注射液静脉滴注联合 TACE 治疗（同对照组）。结果：观察组的临床疗效更为优良（P ＜0.05）;观察组的不良反应发生率（8.0％）低于对照组（24.0％,P ＜0.05。结论：将斑蝥酸钠维生素 B6注射液联合 TACE 疗法应用于 PHC 患者,可大大延长患者的生存期,降低不良反应发生率。     

难以根治性切除大肝癌经皮肝动脉化疗栓塞术后二期切除的疗效分析

【目的】探讨难以根治性切除的大肝癌经皮肝动脉化疗栓塞术（TACE）治疗后手术切除的意义及疗效。【方法】分析143例难以根治性切除的大肝癌临床病理资料，其中68例经TACE治疗后二期切除（A组），75例未行术前TACE单纯切除（B组）。观察TACE前后肿瘤变化情况，比较两组患者的术后情况、癌残留率，以及两组病人的术后生存率及无瘤生存率。【结果】①A组经TACE后肿瘤有不同程度的缩小，且肿瘤坏死增多，周围子灶的检出率增加22．1％；肿瘤与周围脏器的粘连增加，而肿瘤包膜形成增多、癌残留率显著降低（P〈0．05）；②A组的术中出血量和肝门阻断时间均较B组有不同程度增加，但差异无统计学意义．两组术后严重并发症比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；③A组患者1、3、5年生存率和无瘤生存率为88．2％、53．0％、36．1％和65．7％、37．7％、30．4％；B组分别为68．8％、36．9％、25．1％和46．2％、24．4％、9．7％，两组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。【结论】术前TACE使难根治性切除大肝癌肿瘤缩小、包膜形成和癌残留减少，有效地提高大肝癌根治性切除率，延长实际生存期。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.