DWI在超急性期脑梗死诊断中的应用

目的研究磁共振弥散加权成像(DWI)技术在超急性期脑梗死诊断中的应用价值。方法对发病6h内的临床疑似脑梗死病例128例,在CT排除急性脑出血后均进行常规MRI扫描及DWI扫描,对所得的结果进行总结分析。结果 128例超急性期脑梗死病人DWI全部显示为高信号,在表观弥散系数(ADC)图像上显示为低信号,检出率为100%;49例曾有脑梗死病史者MRI常规序列只发现陈旧性梗死灶,而DWI检查发现有新梗死灶;DWI的全方向比单方向对显示超急性期脑梗死的梗死灶更清楚。结论磁共振DWI是目前能够最早显示超急性脑梗死的方法。     

磁共振DWI在急性脑梗死诊断中的临床应用

目的研究磁共振弥散加权成像（DWI）技术在超急性期脑梗死诊断中的价值。方法应用单次激发平面回波三向同性扩散加权成像（DWI）和常规MRI平扫对60例脑梗死患者进行检查,其中超急性期10例（起病至检查前时间〈6 h）,急性期25例（7～24 h）,亚急性期25例（25～72 h）,在ADC图上测量梗死灶ADC平均值,同时测定对侧相应区域ADC值,并由此计算相对ADC值,对60例超急性期脑梗死患者DWI扫描结果进行分析。结果 60例超急性期脑梗死患者DWI全部显示为高信号,在表观弥散系数（ADC）图像上显示为低信号,检出率100%;7例曾有脑梗死病史,MRI常规序列只发现陈旧性梗死灶,而DWI检查发现有新梗死灶;DWI的全方向比单方向对显示超急性期脑梗死的梗死灶更清楚。结论 MRI DWI对急性脑梗死的诊断准确率高,明显优于常规MRI。     

磁共振弥散成像对急性脑梗死的诊断价值

目的探讨磁共振弥散成像对超急性、急性脑梗死的诊断价值。方法对80例疑似急性期脑梗死患者,行磁共振常规T1WI、T2WI、水抑制序列（FLAIR）、弥散加权扫描（DWI）。结果80例中,超急性期脑梗死10例,急性期32例,超急性期、急性期脑梗死在DWI上表现为高信号,T2WI上为等信号或部分稍高信号,ADC图上表现为低信号。MRI扫描未见异常2例。结论磁共振弥散成像对超急性期、急性期脑梗死病变较常规MRI敏感,在多发梗死灶中可以发现责任病灶、为临床选择治疗方案提供依据。     

磁共振弥散加权成像在诊断急性脑梗死中的临床价值

目的：分析磁共振弥散加权成像(DWI)在急性脑梗死诊断中的效果。方法：选取2019年1月—2022年1月永州市第三人民医院收治的110例急性脑梗死患者作为研究对象，根据发病时间分为超急性期组和急性期组，所有患者均进行CT、常规磁共振成像(MRI)及磁共振DWI检查。对比不同诊断方法的准确率，磁共振DWI高信号显示情况，比较两组磁共振DWI弥散系数结果。结果：磁共振DWI诊断准确率高于MRI和CT检查，差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。超急性期组和急性期组患者磁共振DWI检查结果均为高信号表现，高信号显示率为100%。超急性期组相对弥散系数、健侧表观弥散系数、患侧表观弥散系数均高于急性期组，差异有统计学意义(P=0.000)。结论：磁共振DWI在急性脑梗死患者中以明显高信号为表现，能及时、准确地发现病灶。     

48例超急性期脑梗死磁共振弥散加权成像临床分析

目的：探讨磁共振弥散加权成像（DWI）技术在超急性期脑梗死诊断中的价值。方法：对48例超急性期脑梗死患者DWI扫描结果进行分析。结果：48例超急性期脑梗死患者DWI全部显示为高信号,在表观弥散系数（ADC）图像上显示为低信号,检出率为100%。结论：磁共振DWI是诊断超急性期脑梗死较好的方法。     

磁共振弥散加权成像在急性脑梗死中的应用价值

目的探讨磁共振弥散加权成像(DWI)在急性脑梗死中的临床应用价值。方法对52例临床拟诊为急性脑梗死患者,行头颅CT检查,在磁共振常规序列的基础上行DWI,分析其影像学表现。结果 52例中,超急性期脑梗死11例,急性期41例,超急性期、急性期脑梗死在DWI上表现为高信号,并且DWI可显示常规磁共振不能显示的病变范围。结论 DWI对急性期脑梗死有较高的敏感性,能发现常规磁共振不能发现的超急性期脑梗死,为临床提供了切实可行的影像学资料。     

MR弥散成像在脑梗死诊断中的应用

目的:探讨弥散加权成像(DWI)、表观扩散系数(ADC)图在诊断超急性、急性脑梗死、脑干梗死及皮层下脑梗死中的应用价值.方法:应用单次激发平面回波DWI和常规MRI对100例脑梗死患者进行检查.其中超急性期10例,急性期18例,亚急性期50例,稳定期12例,慢性期10例.19例脑梗死患者进行了常规CT检查.观察各期脑梗死、多发脑梗死、脑干梗死及皮层下脑梗死在CT、常规MRI及弥散图像上的表现,测定梗死灶ADC值,同时测定对侧相应部位正常脑组织ADC值.结果:超急性、急性期脑梗死在DWI上表现为高信号,在T2WI上为等信号或表现为部分稍高信号,在ADC图上表现为低信号,病灶ADC值较对侧相应区域明显下降,梗死灶ADC值与对侧相应部位正常脑组织ADC值差异有显著意义(P＜0.01).结论:脑梗死灶在DWI及ADC图上具有特征性演变规律,结合T2WI可以对脑梗死进行分期诊断.DWI有助于超早期脑梗死的诊断、多发脑梗死中新旧病灶的区分、脑干梗死及皮层下脑梗死的检出,对临床个体化治疗方案的制定有极大帮助.DWI较CT敏感,亦较常规MRI敏感,对疑有急性期尤其是超急性期脑梗死者,应加作DWI检查.     

磁共振弥散加权成像在急性脑梗死的诊断及临床应用价值

目的 探讨磁共振弥散加权成像(DWI)在急性脑梗死中的诊断价值及临床应用.方法 收集我院2009年7月至2011年3月200例脑血管疾病患者的弥散加权成像的影像,研究分析其影像表现.结果 200例患者行DWI扫描,均发现有新鲜梗死灶,检出率为100%.结论 DWI对急性期脑梗死非常敏感,是目前诊断急性脑梗死的最有效方法之一.     

磁共振弥散成像(DWI)对急性脑梗死诊断价值

目的 探讨磁共振弥散成像(DWI)对急性脑梗死诊断价值.方法 对68例脑梗死患者的常规MRI、液体衰减翻转恢复(FLAIR)及DWI图像进行比较研究分析.结果 超急性、急性和亚急性脑梗死在DWI上均表现为高信号,在超急性脑梗死弥散加权像可显示T2加权像不能显示的病灶,在T2 WI及FLAIR加权像可显示的病变中,弥散加权像可更清楚更全面地显示病灶.结论 DWI对诊断急性脑梗死十分敏感,能对早期脑缺血做出明确诊断,结合T2 WI及FLAIR可鉴别新旧梗死灶.     

DWI与FLAIR在急性脑梗塞中的对比研究

目的探讨磁共振弥散加权成像及FLAIR成像在急性脑梗死诊断中的临床应用价值,并比较其优劣。方法47例急性脑梗死的患者进行磁共振DWI及FLAIR检查,按照时间窗进行分组,对比分析DWI、FLAIR图像。结果在脑梗塞急性期发病6小时内,DWI、FLAIR发现病灶的敏感度分别为98％、75％;DWI诊断有明显的优势;6小时外,DWI、FLAIR发现病灶的敏感度分别为98％、85％,两者间没有统计学差异;磁共振弥散成像在全部急性期患者中均显示出梗死灶,而FLAIR只显示了20例患者,且发病时间均〉6h,其梗死面积显示：在24h内磁共振弥散成像大于FLAIR。结论在超急性脑梗塞的病人中,DWI较FLAIR能更早地发现脑缺血的改变,在急性期脑梗塞影像诊断中,DWI可作为除外新发脑梗塞的主要手段之一。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.