绝经后妇女Lp（a）的变化及与其它血脂代谢指标的关系

目的：探讨心血管疾病的危险因子脂蛋白ａ（Ｌｐ（ａ）「在绝经后的变化及与其它血谢指标的关系。方法：采用ＥＬＩＳＡ方法测定７６例绝经后妇女和５３例绝经前妇女的Ｌｐ（ａ）的水平,并同时测定血ＴＣ、ＴＧ、ＨＤＬ、ＬＤＬ、ＡｐｏＡ１、ＡｐｏＢ、ＡｐｏＥ的水平。结果：Ｌｐ（ａ）的水平在绝经后的妇女中显著增加（Ｐ〈０．０１）,绝经后妇女血ＴＣ、ＴＧ、ＬＤＬ、ＡｐｏＢ、ＡｐｏＥ的水平高于绝经前妇女;Ｌｐ（ａ）的水     

无症状心肌缺血患者血脂及载脂蛋白的变化

测定１４８例无症状心肌缺血（ＳＭＩ）患者及３０名健康人血脂及载脂蛋白。结果表明：各型ＳＭＩ血脂及载脂蛋白均有异常，以Ⅱ和Ⅲ型更为显著。患者ＳＴ段下移程度与血清ＴＧ，ＴＣ，ＬＤＬ，ＡｐｏＢ１００，ＡｐｏＢ１００／ＡｐｏＡⅠ，Ｌｐ（ａ）呈正相关，与ＡｐｏＡＩ，ＨＤＬ－Ｃ，ＨＤＬ２－Ｃ，ＨＤＬ－Ｃ／ＴＣ呈负相关。提示血清ＴＧ，ＬＤＬ－Ｃ浓度以及ＡｐｏＢ１００／ＡｐｏＡⅠ值升高和ＨＤＬ２－Ｃ浓度降低是ＳＭＩ的独立危险因素     

内源性睾酮对血浆脂质,脂蛋白和载脂蛋白水平的影响

对１０２例冠心病患者及９９名健康人进行了血浆睾酮、雌二醇、空腹血糖（ＢＳ）、总胆固醇（ＴＣ）、甘油三酯（ＴＧ）、高密度脂蛋白－胆固醇（ＨＤＬ－Ｃ）、低密度脂蛋白（ＬＤＬ－Ｃ）、脂蛋白（ａ）［Ｌｐ（ａ）］、载脂蛋白（Ａｐｏ）ＡＩ，ＡｐｏＢ１００测定。观察到血浆睾酮与ＴＧ和Ｌｐ（ａ）呈负相关，而与血浆ＨＤＬ－Ｃ和ＨＤＬ３－Ｃ呈正相关。血浆睾酮水平低下组，其ＴＧ和Ｌｐ（ａ）浓度明显高于血浆睾酮水平正常组     

内源性睾酮对血浆脂质、脂蛋白和载脂蛋白水平的影响

对１０２例冠心病患者及９９名健康人进行了血浆睾酮、雌二醇、空腹血糖（ＢＳ）、总胆固醇（ＴＣ）、甘油三酯（ＴＧ）、高密度脂蛋白－胆固醇（ＨＤＬ－Ｃ）、低密度脂蛋白（ＬＤＬ－Ｃ）、脂蛋白（ａ）［Ｌｐ（ａ）］、载脂蛋白（Ａｐｏ）ＡＩ，ＡｐｏＢ１００测定。观察到血浆睾酮与ＴＧ和Ｌｐ（ａ）呈负相关，而与血浆ＨＤＬ－Ｃ和ＨＤＬ３－Ｃ呈正相关。血浆睾酮水平低下组，其ＴＧ和Ｌｐ（ａ）浓度明显高于血浆睾酮水平正常组；而ＨＤＬ－Ｃ和ＨＤＬ３－Ｃ水平则前者明显低于后者。冠心病组血浆睾酮水平明显低于健康对照组。提示内源性睾酮对体内血脂代谢有良好的调节作用；血浆睾酮水平低下则可引起血脂异常，是冠心病的危险因素     

脑卒中急性期血脂动态变化

对４１例急性脑卒中患者（其中脑出血３１例,脑梗塞１０例）的血清甘油三酯（ＴＧ）、总胆固醇（ＴＣ）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＨＤＬ－ｃ）、脂蛋白（ａ）「Ｌｐ（ａ）」、纤维蛋白原（Ｆｇ）、载脂蛋白Ａ－１（ＡｐｏＡ－Ｉ）和ＡｐｏＢ进行动态观察,结果表明脑出血患者急性期ＨＤＬ－ｃ及其亚组分、ＡｐｏＡ－Ｉ和ＴＣ水平进行性降低,２周时降至最低水平,血清Ｆｇ和Ｌｐ（ａ）水平升高,１周时达高峰,而ＴＧ和ＡｐｏＢ水平无     

冠心病,脑卒中患者血清脂类水平分析

检测７９例冠心病、５４例脑卒中患者的ＴＣ、ＴＧ、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ、ＨＤＬ－Ｃ、ＡｐｏＡ－Ｉ、ＡｐｏＢ及Ｌｐ（ａ）水平，并与１９７例健康人测定结果进行比较分析。结果显示冠心病患者以ＴＣ、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ和ＡｐｏＢ升高较显著，ＡｐｏＡＩ无显著性差异，而礅卒中患者ＨＤＬ－Ｃ下降较为突出，ＴＣ和ＬＤＬ－Ｃ无显著性差异。同时对Ｌｐ（ａ）水平分布及其与其它脂类指标的相关性也作了分析。     

糖尿病视网膜病变与脂质代谢的关系

目的探讨脂质代谢与糖尿病视网膜病变之间的关系。方法检测１６８例糖尿病病人血清中的总胆固醇（ＣＨ）、甘油三酯（ＴＧ）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＨＤＬ－Ｃ）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＬＤＬ－Ｃ）、载脂蛋白Ａ１（ＡｐｏＡ１）、载脂蛋白Ｂ１００（ＡｐｏＢ１００）和脂蛋白（ａ）［Ｌｐ（ａ）］；并同时观察这些病人的视网膜情况。结果伴有糖尿病视网膜病变的病人血清中的总胆固醇、ＬＤＬ－Ｃ和Ｌｐ（ａ）较不伴有糖尿病视网膜病变的病人明显增高，而ＨＤＬ－Ｃ、ＡｐｏＡ１和ＡｐｏＡ１／ＡｐｏＢ１００比例则较无糖尿病视网膜病变的病人明显降低。经Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析，总胆固醇、ＨＤＬ－Ｃ和ＡｐｏＡ１／ＡｐｏＢ１００作为独立的因素仍然与糖尿病视网膜病变相关。结论脂质代谢的异常，可能是糖尿病视网膜病变发生和加重的重要因素。     

高血压病人血脂与细胞膜离子转运的关系

目的：了解在高血压病中血脂对细胞膜离子转运的影响。方法：观察５１例高血压（ＥＨ）人及２０例正常对照者血总胆固醇（ＴＣ）、甘油三脂（ＴＧ）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＨＤＬ－ｃ）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（ＬＤＬ－ｃ）、载脂蛋白Ｂ－１００（ＡｐｏＢ－１００）及红细胞膜Ｎａ泵、Ｈ交换、＾４５Ｃａ＾２＋内流。结果；ＥＨ病人ＴＶＣ、ＴＧ、ＬＤＬ－ｃ、红细胞Ｎａ／Ｈ＋交换、＾４５Ｃａ＾２＋内流均高Ｎａ泵活悸降低、＾４５     

正常人和内源性高甘油三酯血症患者血浆、HDL、LDL及VLDL中脂质与载脂蛋白的相关分析

用直线相关及多元逐步回归的方法对２０例正常人及２０例内源性高甘油三酯血症患者血浆、ＶＬＤＬ、ＬＤＬ及ＨＤＬ的脂质与载脂蛋白的关系进行了分析。单因素分析结果表明：ＴＧ及ｖＬＤＬ、ＴＧ分别与血浆ａｐｏＣⅡ、ＣⅢ、Ｅ，ＬＤＬａｐｏＢ１００，ＶＬＤＬ中ａｐｏＣⅡ、ＣⅢ、Ｅ．Ｂ１００呈正相关，与ＨＤＬ３ｐｏＡⅠ呈负相关；ＨＤＬ－Ｃ与血浆ａｐｏＡⅠ、ＨＤＬ中ａｐｏＡⅠ、ＣⅢ呈正相关，与血浆ａｐｏＣⅢ、Ｅ．ＬＤＬａｐｏＢ１００及ＶＬＤＬ中ａｐｏＢ１００、ＣⅡ、ＣⅢ、Ｅ呈负相关；ＴＣ与ａｐｏＢ１００、ＬＤＬａｐｏＢ１００呈正相关。多因素分析结果表明：有７种因素对ＴＧ有显著性影响，其中ＶＬＤＬａｐｏＣⅢ，血浆ａｐｏＣⅢ、Ｅ及ａｐｏＢ１００／ＡⅠ与ＴＧ呈正相关，ＨＤＬ中ａｐｏＣⅡ．Ｅ及ＣⅡ／ＣⅢ与ＴＧ呈负相关；只有血浆ａｐｏＣⅢ、ＶＬＤＬａｐｏＣⅢ、ＬＤＬａｐｏＢ１００三种因素对ＶＬＤＬＴＧ有显著性影响；对ＨＤＬ－Ｃ有显著性影响的因素是：ａｐｏＡⅠ、ＨＤＬａｐｏＡⅠ及ＨＤＬａｎｏＣⅡ呈正相关，ＶＬＤＬａｐｏＥ及ＨＤＬａｐｏＡⅡ呈负相关；ａｐｏＢ１００及ａｐｏＣⅡ与ＴＣ呈正相关。文内还对所得结果进行了讨论。     

脑血管病血脂水平临床分析

本次报道２９２例脑血管病患者的ｃｈ，ＴＧ，ＨＤＬ－Ｃ，ＬＤＬ－ｃ，Ａｐｏ－Ａ１和Ａｐｏ－Ｂ血浓度测定结果提示三种脑血管病ＴＧ，ｃｈ，ＬＤＬ－Ｃ均高于对照组，有显著性差异。ＨＤＬ－Ｃ及Ａｐｏ－Ａ１血浓度降低是反映脑梗塞肠代谢异常的突出指标；ＨＤＬ－Ｃ血浓度升高易发生脑出血；ＨＤＬ－Ｃ血浓度正常或低下及Ａｐｏ－Ａ１低下易发生脑梗塞；ＴＧ，ｃｈ，ＨＤＬ－Ｃ，ＬＤＬ－Ｃ和Ａｐｏ－Ａ１血浓度均升高易发生混合     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.