共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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目的 BALB/c小鼠初次感染流感病毒(A/California/7/2009(H1N1)(pCA07)和A/Guangzhou/333/99(H9N2)(GZ333))后,用流感病毒鼠肺适应株A/PR/8/34(H1N1)(PR8) 10倍致死剂量攻击,观察攻毒后小鼠的反应.方法 BALB/c小鼠150只,分成3组,空白对照组PBS滴鼻,实验组分别感染甲型H1N1流感病毒pCA07和禽源H9N2病毒GZ333;感染56 d后用10倍致死剂量的鼠肺适应株流感病毒PR8攻击两个实验组和对照组小鼠,比较PR8病毒攻击后,病毒载量和抗体水平,以及对小鼠存活率的影响.结果 感染过pCA07和GZ333的小鼠在致死病毒PR8攻击后全部存活,并分别在病毒攻击6d和9d后小鼠肺组织中检测不到攻击病毒.对初次感染病毒的抗体水平在病毒PR8攻击后迅速升高,在保持初次感染病毒抗体的同时能够产生针对PR8病毒的抗体.结论 不同亚型流感病毒感染小鼠后可以提供交叉保护. 相似文献
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Association of matrix protein of respiratory syncytial virus with the host cell membrane of infected cells 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
The matrix protein of paramyxoviruses plays an important role in virus assembly through its interactions with cell membrane, virus envelope and virus nucleocapsid. In the present study, we investigated the possible association of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) matrix (M) protein with the plasma membrane of infected cells. Using confocal microscopy we found that M was present at the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane. We used flotation gradients to purify membranes from RSV infected cells and treated them with cold Triton X-100 to obtain lipid rafts in the insoluble fraction. Western blot of the lipid raft fraction with specific antibodies showed that it contained M, as well as G (attachment) and N (nucleocapsid) proteins. We also found that RSV purified on sucrose gradients contained lipid raft markers. Together, our data suggest that RSV uses lipid rafts for assembly and budding. 相似文献
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Summary. The matrix protein of paramyxoviruses plays an important role in virus assembly through its interactions with cell membrane, virus envelope and virus nucleocapsid. In the present study, we investigated the possible association of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) matrix (M) protein with the plasma membrane of infected cells. Using confocal microscopy we found that M was present at the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane. We used flotation gradients to purify membranes from RSV infected cells and treated them with cold Triton X-100 to obtain lipid rafts in the insoluble fraction. Western blot of the lipid raft fraction with specific antibodies showed that it contained M, as well as G (attachment) and N (nucleocapsid) proteins. We also found that RSV purified on sucrose gradients contained lipid raft markers. Together, our data suggest that RSV uses lipid rafts for assembly and budding. 相似文献
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Summary Physicochemical changes in the cell membrane of Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT) cells during infectionin vitro with oncolytic influenza A0 virus, strain WSA, were studied by means of cell electrophoresis.The surface charge of virus-infected cells, when compared to the mean electrophoretic mobility (EPM) of non-infected EAT cells, was reduced in two consecutive steps. The first reduction of EPM occurred in the course of virus adsorption to the cell membrane and was related to the action of viral neuraminidase on the receptor glycoproteins; inactivated and fully active virus had the same effect. In contrast to this, the second decrease of EPM, beginning at 180 minutes after infection, was strictly related to virus replication. By comparison with the effect of bacterial neuraminidase (Vibrio cholerae) on EPM of infected and non-infected EAT cells, the second reduction during virus replication was shown to be due to the removal of negatively charged moieties from the cell surface. This might also have been caused by enzymatic activity (of the replicating virus) or by incorporation of sialic acid-free viral components into the host cell membrane. Neither cationogenic groups, such as could occur in virus-coded proteins, nor unspecific adsorptions from the suspending fluid were found to influence the electrophoretic behaviour of WSA-infected cells.The removal of negatively charged moieties from the cell membrane is discussed in relation to the increased immunogenicity of WSA-infected EAT cells. 相似文献
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WIELGOSZ GS 《Virology》1957,3(3):475-484
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Lung alterations in guinea-pigs infected with influenza virus 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
E Azoulay-Dupuis C R Lambre P Soler J Moreau M Thibon 《Journal of comparative pathology》1984,94(2):273-283
Guinea-pigs were infected intranasally with influenza A Hong Kong 68 (H3N2) virus. Infective particles were re-isolated from lung homogenates up to 3 days after inoculation and indicated local replication. The subsequent lung inflammatory stages were studied by light microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Lung alterations appeared after 24 h and intensified up to 7 days after virus inoculation, progressively decreasing until 3 weeks thereafter. The damage was reversible and complete restoration of structure was obtained within 5 weeks. The lesions commenced with the infiltration of bronchiolar and alveolar walls by polymorphonuclear cells, histiocytes and macrophages. A purulent exudate was seen to occupy the bronchiolar lumen. Cilia disappeared from tracheal and bronchiolar epithelia. Tracheal epithelium desquamated in some animals. TEM examination showed deterioration in type I pneumocytes, an increase in type II pneumocytes and concomitant damage to alveolar capillaries. Alveolar oedema and fibrinous deposits were seen. The pleura presented slight modifications. These results show that infection of guinea-pigs with influenza virus is a useful model for the study of lung pathology associated with a non-lethal respiratory viral infection. 相似文献
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T Sakaguchi T Uchiyama Y Fujii K Kiyotani A Kato Y Nagai A Kawai T Yoshida 《Virology》1999,263(1):230-243
The matrix (M) protein of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) was reported to form vesicles on the cell surface and subsequently to be released into the cultured medium when expressed from cDNA by virus vectors. To further investigate VSV M activity, we generated a recombinant Sendai virus (SeV) expressing the VSV M protein (SeV-M(VSV)). When cells were infected with SeV-M(VSV), VSV M was found abundantly in the culture medium. Electron microscopy demonstrated the budding of two-membraned vesicles (>/= 0.8 microm in diameter) from the infected cells. The outer membrane of the vesicle was derived from the plasma membrane and the inner one possibly derived from the membrane of an intracellular vesicle. Immuno-gold labeling showed that VSV M was exclusively located in a double-layered region. The released membranes were divided into three parts: the VSV M vesicles with SeV F and HN glycoproteins, SeV particles, and vesicles associated with the cytosolic components. The last abundantly contained phosphorylated SeV matrix (M) protein, which is not released in a usual SeV infection. Furthermore the VSV M protein expressed without using a virus vector was efficiently released into the culture medium. These results suggest that the VSV M protein has a budding activity per se and that SeV proteins are passively involved in the release of VSV M. 相似文献
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NS2 protein of influenza virus is found in purified virus and phosphorylated in infected cells 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Summary Purified viral preparations of influenza A virus were examined for the presence of NS2 protein hitherto considered as a viral nonstructural protein that is present only in infected cells. Analysis of purified virus by radioimmunoprecipitation with monospecific antisera to NS2 revealed its presence in the virus particle suggesting that it is a viral structural protein. NS2 protein was also shown to be phosphorylated in infected cells in this study. This brings the number of influenza virus phosphoproteins to three which include NP, NS1, and NS2. These observations raise important questions about the role of NS2 in the replication of influenza virus. 相似文献
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New virus-specific antigens in cells infected with influenza virus 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
N J Dimmock 《Virology》1969,39(2):224-234
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Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-immunoreactive astrocytes in dogs infected with canine distemper virus 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
An experiment based on astrocyte immunoreactivity to glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was designed to determine whether the astrocyte response in canine distemper encephalitis (CDE) was associated with the age of the animal, type of lesion and the cerebellar region affected. Four histopathological types of CDE lesion were examined, namely acute (11 dogs), acute with necrosis (four dogs), subacute (22 dogs) and chronic (six dogs). The animals were divided into three age groups, namely, 0-2 years (27 dogs), 2.1-4 years (12 dogs), and 4.1-12 years (four dogs). Three different cerebellar regions were evaluated. Cerebellar sections from three healthy dogs were used for control purposes. The highest number of astrocytes occurred in the cerebellar white matter and in dogs with acute distemper encephalopathy. In animals with subacute distemper encephalitis, the numbers of astrocytes appeared to increase with age, but the opposite effect occurred in dogs with acute or chronic encephalitis; age appeared not to influence the astrocyte numbers in dogs suffering from acute encephalitis with necrosis. 相似文献
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The phosphorylation of the internal and integral membrane (M1) protein of influenza virus was studied. Four points can be made based on the data: (1) The M1 contains at least two moles of phosphate per mole of M1. (2) Phosphorylation of M1 is conserved between influenza A, B and C viruses. Other characteristics of the M1 are also conserved, such as solubility in organic solvent, heterogeneity and ability to partition into lipid vesicles. (3) M1 is phosphorylated in cells infected with a vaccinia recombinant (vP273) containing only the gene of M1, either as a result of a vaccinia virus associated kinase or a cellular one. (4) The phosphate is located within or in close proximity to the major stretch of neutral and hydrophobic amino acids found in M1, as determined by analyzing cyanogen bromide fragments. 相似文献
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流行性感冒是一种传染性较高的急性呼吸道疾病,极大地威胁了人类健康.由于流感病毒易发生变异,致目前的防治措施不能及时有效地应对,使防治效果严重降低.流感病毒膜蛋白M2e(extracellular domain of the M2 protein)高度保守,是流感病毒的通用性作用靶点,基于M2e的免疫预防措施可提供广谱的保护作用.M2e疫苗及M2e抗体已成功在动物模型中发挥抗流感作用,临床应用则报道较少,因而研究M2e对于流感病毒的防治具有重要意义. 相似文献
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Antibodies specific to the N-terminal 34-aminoacid peptide of the major nucleocapsid protein NP of human influenza A viruses were obtained. The NP proteolytic cleavage occurring in infected cells late in infection has been demonstrated using this antibody. The antibody specifically reacted with noncleaved NP of 56 kD m.w. but not with cleaved NP of 53 kD m.w. This indicates that NP56-->NP53 intracellular cleavage released the N-terminal 3 kD peptide of Np molecule. The released 3 kD peptide did not accumulate in infected cells. Since the RNA-binding and nucleus migrating signals are located in the N-terminus of NP molecule, presumably, the terminal cleavage is important for intracellular NP functions. 相似文献
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Glycoproteins of influenza virus strains were incorporated into liposomes by a dialysis procedure, using octylglucoside as detergent. Liposomes containing either the cleaved or uncleaved hemagglutinin of the virus were tested for fusion activity with cellular membranes. Electron microscopic examination as well as microinjection studies revealed that liposomes containing the cleaved hemagglutinin could fuse with cell membranes. In contrast, liposomes containing the uncleaved hemagglutinin were merely adsorbed to the cell surface and fusion occurred only after treatment with trypsin. Native virus particles with the cleaved hemagglutinin could be shown to fuse with liposomes containing cellular receptors of influenza virus. From these results and the known correlation existing between cleavage of hemagglutinin and infectivity of influenza virus, it is suggested that fusion may be an important step in penetration of the nucleocapsid of influenza virus into host cells. 相似文献
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Because phosphorylation of the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) nucleocapsid protein (N) may regulate its multiple roles in viral replication, the dynamics of N phosphorylation were examined. 32P-orthophosphate labeling and Western blot analyses confirmed that N was the only viral protein that was phosphorylated. Pulse labeling with 32P-orthophosphate indicated that the IBV N protein was phosphorylated in the virion, as well as at all times during infection in either chicken embryo kidney cells or Vero cells. Pulse-chase analyses followed by immunoprecipitation of IBV N proteins using rabbit anti-IBV N polyclonal antibody demonstrated that the phosphate on the N protein was stable for at least 1 h. Simultaneous labeling with 32P-orthophosphate and 3H-leucine identified a 3.5-fold increase in the 32P:3H counts per minute (cpm) ratio of N in the virion as compared to the 32P:3H cpm ratio of N in the cell lysates from chicken embryo kidney cells, whereas in Vero cells the 32P:3H cpm ratio of N from the virion was 10.5-fold greater than the 32P:3H cpm ratio of N from the cell lysates. These studies are consistent with the phosphorylation of the IBV N playing a role in assembly or maturation of the viral particle. 相似文献
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