良性前列腺增生症发生急性尿潴留的相关因素分析

目的:应用临床常用指标,探讨BPH发生急性尿潴留(AUR)的相关因素。方法:回顾分析538例BPH患者相关资料。分为曾发生AUR(A组)260例,从未发生AUR(B组)278例。分别比较两组间在年龄(AGE)、前列腺总体积(PV)、前列腺移行区体积(TZV)、移行区指数(TZI)和前列腺特异抗原(PSA)、游离前列腺特异抗原(F-PSA)、游离与总前列腺特异抗原比值(F/T-PSA)等指标上的差异性。结果:A组平均PV、TZV和PSA值皆明显高于B组,上述3个指标在两两组间差异有统计学意义,且PSA与PV、TZV均有正相关性。结论:PV、TZV及PSA可作为预测BPH发生AUR的良好指标。     

良性前列腺增生与下尿路症状及急性尿潴留的关系

目的　探讨前列腺移行带增生与下尿路症状 (LUTS)及急性尿潴留 (AUR)的关系。方法　将 119例良性前列腺增生(BPH)患者按有无AUR及LUTS严重程度分为 3组 :无AUR但LUTS较重者为A组 ,有AUR且LUTS较重者为B组 ,有AUR但LUTS较轻者为C组。对各组行I PSS评分 ,测量F PSA、T PSA及F/T PSA ;耻骨上经膀胱切除前列腺时观察移行带向膀胱内突出情况及前列腺部尿道狭窄情况 ,术后测定移行带质量 (TZW ) ,计算移行带体积 (TZV)。结果　各组F/T PSA、TZW、TZV差别无统计学意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。A、B两组I PSS评分及前列腺部尿道狭窄百分比明显高于C组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;A组F PSA、T PSA、移行带向膀胱内突出百分比明显低于C组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而B、C两组这 3项指标无明显差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。A组F PSA、T PSA明显小于B组 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,I PSS、前列腺部尿道狭窄及移行带向膀胱内突出百分比与B组无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　前列腺移行带质量及体积与BPH引起的LUTS及AUR的发生无关 ;而移行带的增生使前列腺部尿道狭窄、延长是BPH引起的LUTS的主要原因 ;移行带向膀胱突出则是AUR的主要原因。BPH合并AUR的患者F PSA及T PSA均明显增高 ,F/T PSA变化则不明显。     

良性前列腺增生患者前列腺体积参数与膀胱出口梗阻的相关性研究

目的探讨前列腺体积参数对良性前列腺增生（BPH）患者膀胱出口梗阻（B00）及其程度的诊断价值。方法对BPH患者行自由尿流率检查、压力-流率测定和经直肠前列腺B超检查，测量最大尿流率、Shaefer梗阻级别、AG数、前列腺体积（PV）、移行带体积（TZV）和移行带指数（TZI）。结果共有62例BPH患者入选。PV、TZV、TZI与Qmax的相关系数分别为-0．105、-0．173和-0．258。P值均〉0．05。PV、TZV和TZI与Sharer梗阻级别的相关系数分别为0．277、0．315和0．200。P值均〈0．05。PV、TZV和TZI与AG数的相关系数分别为0．263、0．277和0．282，P值均〈0．05；当40〈PV≤60ml时。PV与AG数呈正相关（r=0．263，P〈0．05）；TZI：0．3是BOO的一个分界点。TZI〉0．3者的AG数明显大于PV≤0．3者（P〈0．05）。结论前列腺体积参数可以预测BPH患者B00及其程度。     

良性前列腺增生患者前列腺体积和移行区体积随年龄变化的调查

目的:调查良性前列腺增生(BPH)患者各年龄段前列腺总体积(TPV)、前列腺移行区体积(TZV),计算TZV与TPV的比值即移行区指数(TZI)的数值。分析年龄与上述指标的相关性。方法:经直肠B超测量1 563例BPH患者前列腺和前列腺移行区最大左右径、前后径和上下径,根据公式分别计算出TPV、TZV以及TZI。分析年龄与前列腺体积各参数的相关性。结果:BPH患者各年龄组TPV、TZV和TZI值分别为:50~59岁年龄组TPV(32.27±15.76)ml、TZV(9.55±7.98)ml、TZI 0.28±0.13;60~69岁年龄组TPV(40.93±17.45)ml、TZV(14.94±11.83)ml、TZI 0.34±0.16;70~79岁年龄组TPV(46.56±20.31)ml、TZV(19.54±19.25)ml、TZI 0.39±0.16;80~89岁年龄组TPV(47.85±26.63)ml、TZV(20.40±16.78)ml、TZI 0.41±0.19。BPH患者的TPV、TZV与年龄成显著正相关性(r1=0.232,r2=0.256,P均<0.01),TZV与年龄的相关系数要高于TPV与年龄的相关系数。结论:BPH患者的TPV、TZV值随着年龄的增长而增加,但是TZV增长的幅度要高于TPV增长的幅度,前列腺增生以移行区增生最为显著,并且我国BPH患者的移行区指数与其他人种之间可能存在不同。     

良性前列腺增生并发急性尿潴留相关因素分析

目的 :探讨血清前列腺特异抗原 (PSA)和移行带指数 (TZI)与良性前列腺增生 (BPH)并发急性尿潴留 (AUR)的关系。　方法 :回顾性分析 6 0 2例BPH患者的相关资料。　结果 :BPH并发AUR组血清PSA值为 (6 .6 0± 3.4 0 )μg/L ,TZI值为0 .71± 0 .14 ;未并发AUR组患者血清PSA值为 (3.5 1± 2 .30 ) μg/L ,TZI值为0 .4 6± 0 .2 1。两组间血清PSA和TZI值差异均有显著性 (P均 <0 .0 5 )。PSA <4 .0、4 .0～ 10 .0、>10 .0 μg/L 3组间AUR发生率进行比较 ,差异有显著性 (P均 <0 .0 5 ) ,AUR发生率随血清PSA值的增高而增高。血清PSA与TZI呈显著正相关 (r=0 .2 13,P <0 .0 1)。　结论 :血清PSA和TZI可作为预测BPH并发AUR的良好指标     

良性前列腺增生膀胱出口梗阻的评估

目的探讨前列腺体积参数对良性前列腺增生（BPH）患者膀胱出口梗阻（BOO）及其程度的诊断价值。方法随机选择住院的BPH患者,行自由尿流率检查、压力-流率测定和经直肠前列腺B超检查,测量前列腺体积（PV）、移行带体积（TZV）,并计算移行带指数（TZI）。结果共有62例BPH患者符合入选标准。PV、TZV和TZI与Shfer梗阻级别的相关系数分别为0.277、0.315和0.200,P均〈0.05。PV、TZV和TZI与AG数的相关系数分别为0.263、0.277和0.282,p〈0.05;当400.3者的AG数明显高于PV≤0.3者（p=0.025）。结论前列腺体积参数可以预测BPH患者BOO及其程度。     

移行区指数作为良性前列腺增生的有效预测指标

1998年4月～2001年6月，我们对一组良性前列腺增生(BPH)患者进行前列腺体积(TPV)及移行区体积(TZV)测量，并计算移行区指数(TZI)，旨在探讨其与BPH致下尿路症状(LUTS)的关系。     

B超测定BPH体积参数评价膀胱出口梗阻的意义

目的 :探讨经直肠超声 (TRUS)测定良性前列腺增生 (BPH)各项体积参数对诊断膀胱出口梗阻 (BOO)的意义。　方法 :BPH病人 116例 ,年龄 5 9～ 75 (6 8.6± 5 .1)岁。应用TRUS测定前列腺各径数值 ,应用公式V =0 .5 2R1R2 R3 计算出前列腺体积各项参数 ,同时行尿动力学检查 ,并计算AG值。将前列腺体积 (PV)、移行带体积 (TZV)、移行带指数(TZI)与病人年龄、国际前列腺症状评分 (IPSS)、前列腺特异性抗原 (PSA)及AG值进行相关性分析。　结果 :PV、TZV及TZI分别为 (6 9.7± 4 5 .9)ml、(43.5± 2 5 .6 )ml和 0 .5 7± 0 .14。最大尿流率 (Qmax)、最大尿流率时逼尿肌压力 (Pdet.Qmax)及AG值分别为 (8.31± 5 .12 )ml/s、(82 .34± 33.4 7)cmH2 O和 6 6 .72± 30 .4 6。IPSS为 2 5 .3± 4 .7,PSA为 (4.12±3.6 4 )ng/ml。相关分析提示TZI(r=0 .74 2 ,P =0 .0 17)、TZV(r =0 .6 74 ,P =0 .0 31)与AG值有显著的相关性。IPSS与TZI、TZV呈正相关 ,PSA浓度与PV、TZV、TZI呈正相关。　结论 :通过TRUS测定BPH的各项体积参数和尿动力学检查一样 ,能够作为判断BOO的参考指标     

血清前列腺特异性抗原检测预测良性前列腺增生并发急性尿潴留的应用价值

目的 探讨血清前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)检测预测良性前列腺增生(BPH)并发急性尿潴留(AUR)的应用价值,为BPH并发AUR的临床治疗和预后提供参考.方法 选取本院2013年1月～ 2014年12月收治住院治疗的289例BPH患者的临床资料,其中并发AUR者183例(AUR组),未并发AUR者106例(非AUR组).比较两组患者总血清前列腺特异性抗原(tPSA)、tPSA/年龄、前列腺体积(PV)及PSA密度(PSAD)水平的差异;分析两组患者不同tP-SA、PV及PSAD水平的分布率.结果 AUR组tPSA、tPSA/年龄、PV及PSAD均大于非AUR组,两组比较差异均有显著性统计学意义(P＜0.01).Sperman's相关性分析表明,tPSA、tP-SA/年龄及PSAD间存在正相关性(r=0.921,P＜0.05);tPSA与PV间呈正相关性(r=0.920,P ＜0.05).随着tPSA、PV及PSAD水平的逐渐增加,AUR的发生率逐渐升高.结论 PSA的检测可作为BPH并发AUR的预测指标,值得临床推广应用.临床检测中应结合tPSA/年龄、PV及PSAD等结果综合考虑.     

血清PSA、游离PSA与良性前列腺增生临床的相关性研究

目的分析血清前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)及游离前列腺特异性抗原(fPSA)与良性前列腺增生(BPH)临床的相关性。方法应用化学发光微粒子免疫分析法(CMIA)对BPH患者血清PSA、fPSA进行检测。结果入选的40例患者病理均为BPH。PSA>4ng/ml者,术后随访1～3个月,平均2.5个月,PSA值均降至0.02ng/ml以下,可除外前列腺癌(PCa)病例。PSA<4ng/ml者16例(40%),4～10ng/ml者14例(35%),>10ng/ml者10例(25%);fPSA>0.934ng/ml者22例(55%)。血清PSA、fPSA水平与前列腺总体积(PV)、前列腺移行区体积(TZV)、年龄及国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)呈正相关。结论本组血清fPSA与PV、TZV、年龄、IPSS评分有更强相关性。BPH患者血清PSA、fPSA水平升高的相关因素与前列腺总体积及移行区增大、高龄及高IPSS评分有关。     

Prostatic volume and volume-adjusted prostate-specific antigen as predictive parameters for prostate cancer patients with intermediate PSA levels

The object of the study was to examine the usefulness of volume-adjusted prostate-specific antigen (PSA) parameters for prediction of prostate cancer in the patients with intermediate PSA levels. The subjects were 235 patients with intermediate PSA levels (range: 4.1-10.0 ng/ml) whose prostate volume (PV) and prostate transition zone volume (TZV) were evaluated between August 1996 and April 2004. PSA, PV, TZV, PSA density (PSAD) (PSA/PV) and PSA transition zone density (PSATZD) (PSA/TZV) were assessed with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the curve (AUC). Simple and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the odds ratios of age, PSA, PSAD, PSATZD, PV, TZV, digital rectal examination (DRE) and transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) findings. Fifty-five patients (23.4%) of 235 patients had biopsy-proven prostate cancer. The univariate analysis revealed significant differences in the mean values of age, PSAD, PSATZD, PV, TZV and DRE between the patients with cancer and the non-cancer patients. The ROC curve analysis revealed that PV, TZV, PSAD and PSATZD had significant predictive values as compared with that of PSA. However, there was no difference in AUC between them. The stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that the age, PV, PSATZD and DRE had significant predictive values, and that PSATZD had the most predictive power. In conclusion, both PSAD and PSATZD had significant predictive values in discriminating prostate cancer. Furthermore, the stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that PSATZD had the strongest predictive value.     

Prostatic volume and volume-adjusted prostate-specific antigen as predictive parameters for T1c prostate cancer

We examined the usefulness of the volume-adjusted prostate-specific antigen (PSA) parameters for prediction of T1c prostate cancer on 210 patients who had abnormal PSA levels but no abnormal findings in digital transrectal examination (DRE) or transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS). PSA, prostate volume (PV), transition zone volume (TZV), PSAD (PSA/PV) and PSATZD (PSA/TZV) were assessed with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the curve (AUC). Simple and stepwise logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds ratios of these parameters. Fifty-three (25.2%) of all 210 patients and 31 (19.9%) of 156 patients with intermediate PSA levels had biopsy-proved prostate cancer. The ROC curves of all patients revealed that PSA, PV, TZV, PSAD and PSATZD had significant predictive values, while AUCs of PV, PSAD and PSATZD had significant predictive values as compared to that of PSA. In the patients with intermediate PSA levels, the ROC curves revealed that PV, TZV, PSAD and PSATZD had significant predictive values, but there were no significant differences in AUCs among these parameters. The stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that PV and PSATZD were significant predictive parameters in all patients and that PSATZD was the only significant predictive parameter in the patients with intermediate PSA levels. In conclusion, not only PSAD and PSATZD but also PV and TZV had significant predictive values in discriminating prostate cancer. However, the multivariate analysis showed that PSATZD had the strongest predictive value in all patients and in those with intermediate PSA levels.     

慢性前列腺炎在前列腺增生症发病与进展中的作用探讨

目的 探讨慢性前列腺炎在前列腺增生症发病与进展中的可能作用.方法 回顾性分析本院2011年5月至2014年12月期间因前列腺增生就诊患者356例,根据术后病理结果分为前列腺增生并慢性前列腺炎组及单纯性前列腺增生组,统计分析两组临床特征,包括:年龄(Age)、前列腺体积(PV)、PSA、IPSS评分、是否合并急性尿潴留(AUR).结果 前列腺增生并慢性前列腺炎121/356例(34.0％),发生急性尿潴留48/121例(39.7％);单纯前列腺增生235/356例(66.0％),发生尿潴留60/235例(25.5％).两组对比年龄差别无统计学意义(P＞0.05);但前列腺增生合并慢性前列腺炎组较单纯前列腺增生组PV、PSA、IPSS评分、尿潴留发生率均高,差别具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 前列腺增生合并慢性前列腺炎通常具有更大的体积、更高的PSA及IPSS评分、更易发生尿潴留.因此,前列腺慢性炎症在前列腺增生的发病、进展中可能起作用.     

Storage (irritative) and voiding (obstructive) symptoms as predictors of benign prostatic hyperplasia progression and related outcomes

OBJECTIVES: To assess the utility of voiding and filling symptom subscores in predicting features of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) progression, including acute urinary retention (AUR) and prostate surgery. METHODS: The Proscar Long-term Efficacy and Safety Study (PLESS) was a 4-year study designed to evaluate the effects of finasteride versus placebo in men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), clinical evidence of BPH, and no evidence of prostate cancer. A self-administered questionnaire was employed to quantify LUTS at baseline. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were used to assess baseline characteristics from patients treated with placebo as predictors of outcomes. The characteristics assessed included the overall symptom score (Quasi-AUA SI), separate voiding and filling subscores, prostate volume (PV) and serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. RESULTS: PV and PSA were superior to the symptom scores at predicting episodes of spontaneous AUR and all types of AUR. The Quasi-AUA SI and the filling and voiding subscores were effective at predicting progression to surgery; however, PSA was more effective at predicting this outcome. To better evaluate symptoms as predictors of surgery, patients who experienced a preceding episode of AUR were excluded from the surgery analysis. In the absence of preceding AUR, the best predictors of future surgery were the Quasi-AUA SI and the filling subscore. CONCLUSIONS: Among men with LUTS, clinical BPH and no history of AUR, the overall symptom score and storage subscore are useful parameters to aid clinicians in identifying patients at risk for future prostate surgery. PV and PSA were the best predictors of AUR, while PSA was the best predictor of prostate surgery (for all indications).     

PSA预测BPH发生急性尿潴留的临床研究

目的:探讨血清前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)预测BPH发生急性尿潴留(AUR)的临床意义。方法:回顾性分析2005年1月~2013年9月收住我院确诊为BPH的患者临床资料,共386例,将其分为尿潴留组与非尿潴留组,应用统计学方法比较两组间之间血清总前列腺特异性抗原(tPSA)、前列腺体积(PV)、前列腺特异性抗原密度(PSAD)是否存在差异,寻找能够准确预测尿潴留的临床指标;应用Sperman's相关分析,了解变量之间的关系;应用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线),确定相关指标预测AUR的分界值。结果:尿潴留组中tPSA、PV、PSAD均明显高于非尿潴留组,上述指标在两组患者中存在显著差异;随着tPSA、PV、PSAD的增高,尿潴留的发生率逐渐增加;tPSA、tPSA/年龄、PSAD的ROC曲线下面积大致相同。结论:tPSA、tPSA/年龄、PV、PSAD可作为前列腺增生发生AUR的预测因素,从而对是否对疾病尽早进行有效干预及疾病的预后起着重要的作用。     

良性前列腺增生并发急性尿潴留的危险因素预测以及临床意义

目的探讨影响良性前列腺增生（BPH）患者并发尿潴留（AUR）的相关因素及在指导临床治疗中的意义。方法收集436例BPH患者的临床资料，包括fPSA、tPSA、移行带容积（TZV）、剩余尿量、尿流率等，采用纵向多中心联合方法，选择12个可能对患者并发AUR产生影响的特征性因素以及治疗方式进行Logistic回归分析，计算患者的预测指数。436例患者分为高、中、低3个危险组，分析各组的主要危险参数及AUR的发生情况。结果Logistic回归分析显示，与BPH并发AuR相关的危险因素为患者年龄（RR=2．924，P=0．050）、IPSS评分（RR=2．675，P=0．007）、fPSA（RR=4．106，P=0．000）、TZV（RR=3．635，P=0．000）、最大尿流率（Qmax，RR=0．110，P=0．000）、剩余尿量（RR=5．311，P=0．000）、尿潴留病史（RR=4．518，P=0.000）以及药物治疗（RR=0．092，P=0．000）。发生AUR的高、中、低危险组患者AUR发生率分别为95．0％、65．3％、0，差异有统计学意义（x^2=273．04，P〈0．01）。结论BPH患者发生AUR的危险度不同，可以根据患者危险度实施个体化治疗方案。